f I,SSI:tnr....^1,. WY.71■101.1.1

IS - OA INTELLIGENCE REPORT %■..L,...' • • ' Jrroati• "-. ain'Y Ur

1 q40i: fhb fro eml.... es tsiwAtri V •

..rkl, ivramaless kr SR :20.714 .2.4.; I CanChina; 'USSR

[cOURCI1

i R . 3.1,56 ArmA Japart ' Col 1/.14. BAILIZ Pere Contact.t.4.13.3so;Motes on Lecture ty Mcsanotu TSUJI (U) ir71.113,56 I 0%4 20 :7.

matme.mr. Maaanobu TSUJI, ex-Colonel, and now a Diet member, met with a group at U.S., Army cfficera, at his request., oa'20 Dec 55 $ for the purpose a presenting tohis observations made during a recent 40-day trip through Carssuni.st China and the ...:

1. t; which are unclscaifi.ed inasmuoh as they are substantially the same as contain./incir,sur, I somtasns casi:osite notes made ty R.O. and several of the officerspreson

1

ad in the. December issue a ' ,Asiatic Mainland' Affairs's (see DAIR 1/46), and the tvo ibooks forwarded by R-8 and R-9 . .56, .

D423501

RerOlwr tli/112EP 1P+40/.4

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. . • - .Above Special Handling Notdoe applies • only to ..Reiort - and not to Inol auraRegrading data cannot lie -9k6clitternined

VAPitIMON

--- —

NAZI WAR CRIMES DI SCLOSURE ACTDeclassified and 4 . d for Releaseby the Central InIli AgencyDate:

tion 3(b)El

.._,U1,,-)ds/Scurces- '

,

r-ss--you, X.. NANO% r-ninCLAZ:1171IaPJfl n421r: NUM XII MON/ PACS

E-11-56 ilnaA Japan 2OA INTELLIGENCE REPORT Ial:: Cz; e:rer0Icas

0 .- :13 .f.sambv

1. Transmitted hernwith as Inclosuro 1 are acme note's o I ronarks made by?i334/10b11 TEATS to a Gawp of U.S. army orficera on 20 December 1955. These remaitsaro vaclassiDed beccuae they aro aubetantially the name ea en article oontsined inthe December i Sale of "Asiatic liainland Af'faira n (Tairiku Aenkritfondal) which ban .boon trcnslated as Document No. 8901 1 and forwarded by DAIR 11-56.

2. This interview was sought by TSUJI through au intermediary who nude a reguest,to FM that TSUJI have aM opfortu.nity to diaouss hie observations with U.S. Armyofficernoencerning his recent trip to the mainland. A mooting was held with TSUJIat the Army Foreign Lrea zipecialist Training School in Tokyo and was attended by theBonier Army language students, representatives of this office, I.IAZ-Japan, and SacuritGroup. G2 fETM (Rear).

: 3. At the conclusion of TSUJI t s remarks, R.O. asked TSUJI litether as a resultof his trip he had concluded that - his former belief that :centrality was the only policyfor Japan had beeMahanged. In a very impatudoned and lengthy atatement, TSUJI 'stated, -in .brief, that Was only the more convinced that there was no alternative course for.Jaren And theta there was no reason for Japan being drawn into the struggle in the eventof a.third war because Japan Would not :serve au a significantly important base for theIlnited :-.Stetes. 'Japan is too far dietart .::.frakthe heart of Russia, he says, totestrtoicdily important area. Tharefore,i: his sole cloaire two to spere Japan fran,the --horrors of . 0 : nuclear , war end, if poasible,::see the entire world Spared free Suon's •

l'...!Vapan must remain neutral 112::endercitmhe of benefit to the yeat;- and she;be =allowod . to dicraad , her own.ecuetri; .̀ ;-"als a 'sovereign nation, ;opera has Pride s.

, szethials ..,'eapahleof .figh:iing . for her own daft:mem. This is the same thing•0;e15.eheee iieteratie. -,:,. The Soy:Seta-. are not -going to attack Japan.. - . Their nain target

se.tere, and the launching point of such an attetek.is. not Siberia or Asia. • •fran.iritasien.'- The Siberian heir of the:Seviet bnio is

sd:rtuaur..:Uselome, there is nothing to bcreb'' .1 : The hart cf the Sovis•-t .1niôzii in t;';,aiteeind . 1..loanoti,:'and:tho next great vex will start toward Europe or the.-

ildie.

.4"' A''`47—' ec'er4312. . - ' - .

t

::. ict : Sti'mlin yea 1:1"ilitetalle.:±trid' t Pin.lf..cl' iki-opferiiP' r'setl:".:: i?..4.',':.§ ted thatIlnited States p ay .. , ,. ,. , ., , .e.'I'' ''V---,....,,,z„---;..-11::t,.„i' bi.)° :_„i*Ii& 4.7grP. i- fir4-„,-,i,i,-,..11,e ;fiteted that he rialt:'.•w*_':-,,'4,1.1

-if M , • -

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, ,i'.o'..-.0!tzA.,7-.--:,,t,-.870ge,iia--L.:tic; feels -.,-.:::.-that,., the g

edtitii,it:1140.,c,!4...,..ie.: could ,::4..:7t6,_:,:ad4or,C17.11'1.114E;be' t9 penetrate ' 94.'pierce

' ' ' -• i't . -itlft'ela=not;dif.eiaitC. thOt : .threpiX cooporatA.Ori Vitk.:'tti.a Japanese,.!...-,,: ..,,c,...-e-:....1:: -:-2-.2_ii. •tintecin-'41Md that 4 ,302itoziCr .03 IfFsV0='.1, be ...„ ,...97,-,...I.° 174 , ,

A ,;'a'f r, i4s#::414.3-#.81-igfver• , torose in the Fer,'..*ew2.0,;' Z -""--* 4 it. mistake i 0Prutins your ' -..0. . -,:fiiiii,6

ii, W.4-f1/45.-411,..-.?‘6%. ir-°'''! groat

should concentrate expressed theeen7'llai6P 'U'' 038'...'r0 ":"1* - 7146CLY18 144.4144-1.8 ' i0.%4 1: 55. -: tek;fi0P4iitSiO44V.#41:-':AillIT#1..00:8.!rfiiid9/.4M".°.2;:.1311 1

find t them A.ciay a ,L ,...62,44,;11,faii,lie ,;e1,o.., ..*.,exiatiiiiiti, *iacioeq#110 ,.:63.d. ; :.0.703 . ... . : ,-..i...L,tiabt..,..tifie 4:!thi!;.%-- .4.....:-:;;4,.4. inuckk:4110,,,;■- liehligi.ciPl_.-3 than.,,..,... to

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1. Tho . content of TSUJi l a remarks is little diffelent iron information publiabed, in the two booka forwardod by P-8-56 and Hu9-56, and the dccument rofo4rad to inlAraaraph 1 above.

,. T.TUJI'mmotivos in seeking oat this interviow aro not alour. It may bo anettorlpt on his part to convince the Anorican authorities of the truth of bia argraentth:.t the Amerioens :Mould withdraw'frem Japan. It may be an attempt to bolater hisotm &coati° political atrength, or again it may be an attempt to aaek some form of--

1

collaboration with Aoerican authoritios in an approach toward Communist Chine.

- 3. During the approxiente1y ono and onehalf hour° that he woe talking, TSUJI'aattitude underwent a small but terceptible change.' It appeared at first that ho tree-

' aomovhat on the defonaive, not inowing what cart of roception : hia remarks woUld have.:As the weetikl4eveloped and it appeared that we were at boast willing to hear himout, - bin attituie became somewhat warmar and more friendly.. Ho ::42 : a Verymonvimeingand poverful spouher and se=od to be full of self-confidence and selfLassuranoe. .The natureof his remarks indioutea that he is a very :keen and doteiled obaer7or .rogurdleaa of whother or not the concluaions thct he drawl troi 'his obaorvOions arereliable.

4..The maps of the USZR which ore referred to in Inclosure 1.haVe.loacn.referred:to G2 Arn/CA "(Hear) for ovaluation. G2 AFT2 indicatóa that thoieaaape are of no •significant ,value and are routine, -commercial type publications,

•

• 1.),11 PITEUJGENCE- 117: -.'0■11' •ak,.11%, ki)/gaors /./ $7124.2.,)

ICLE LMITS:

- f 5." THUJI t a etatoteit about tho attitude cl the Japanese: guard° at Pershing'- Heightimoritained in Inolosure 1 is based on aMpecific incideat with a gUi.112. ttidh,-1,]OenriedWhenJSUJI-oellod 1st FRC Heaqquarters. Atere ia acmathing . to beMaid for:lrtOgidesi:ary-,rently: TSUJI apoke to the guard in mtroculentmanaer when.hie44aiMeiMmaminqUirecI into. The incident ie Under investigition-heaauze it ifs the'1444*Of the'authoritieMthat proper, polite #eat440t ba - agordip“venéle 30sta.-X40/7 THUJI.ramarkmd tO a U:S. --AnlY- officer escorting himvregarding the:Japanese

, t0ard,YI!Ibivie taken thmnamem0 addresMof that,fellow. He.haa nOt hasrd ::the IA4"arGoIOnal TSUJI0

TjamOirLAT EC °RIG-TUTOR: DAIR:Diy 02 &TA/8A (Rear) (2); : CIRCPAC; J-2:PHO;• ' ArMA Taipei; ArmLO, Hong-Kong -

• 1 C%

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DA INTELLIGENCE REPORT CrACWIFiC:ATICal TIEN.11T141.114,1131... I :CIA

odth koassI1Oso Na J.LI41Rho Alb Ism Poly Is eft

EseaLscklimmarka Haaanobu

UNCLiISUIFICD R-111-56 Arra JapanFAGS

ofncl 1

I reeenlai spent 40 diva touring Cammunist China and the Soviet Union as a memberof the Japaners Diet, but my remark's today are made MI an immy Colonel and not an a

•1

politician. During my Army career I had fifteen ynars (experience in the study of theRussian language rd Russia beginning from my Preparatory Military Aoademy days,and later, due to my eXperiences in Asia during and after the end of the war, IIacquired considerable knowledge of China. The main object of my recent trip to Chi.naand Runde gas to determine whether the recent Ccamuniat bloc peace offensive is true

• or falae.

Mile enroute we landed in Olcinawa and black curtains ware Pulled shut on thepl ,.'ne 'windows. This sort of action doean t t nonceal anything, beormae desired intel-ligence could easily be gotten k other means, and serves only to *create ill feelingsoror.g Japanese Diet members. Similarly, whenever people of high stature in Japan,such se Diet ma.-bore like myself, go to places like Perching Heights (site at FEC.Heac.quarters) we are constantly offended by the haughty and overbearing attitude of •the Japanece guar(/' drearied in their resplendent blue 'mamma and -white trim; Itmakes us wonder whether Japan io really an imlependent country or is still =ler.oaaupation controls.

-In Hong hang I learned that much information in available there for the taking.

P Great repareeasions wore felt there aa a result Of the $al Li-jan incident . which Oil:::4N reCeivd.ng.tiddi'-'nlay in the :preen and attention by the neutralist factions. I *knew.- :7;'-i•11 al I64iiiiiiell and had the beat feeling toWerd hie of all the Chinese Generale Ii •have knottri.'.. While in Bong Kong, I met sad talked to five' former Cabinet Member! :of','

.HANG . :ChinvWeis e government which Was -established at the direction Of the ZaPenciOkArmy 'Miring the :Sic-Japan incident. These •men can neither -became Ccomparists,. because.of their ideological tisokalound, • nor will tb.40. support CIDC/ING;Kai-abek rAginCtti•JTaiVen /*ionise:of -It difference of opinions. In addition, I learned meeting

. t„4:+4tituAitt Kei .;=ebek• is fast losing hie prestige and the support of the Chineki, stOilli14.:::CtaaPtil stcck has cm* down perceptibly following the firing ,and 'antiseqinat.oconficolent. cli' •''SDP. Li-den.' Li is the lather of ,reorganised'.' 'rations:Lint •-Army 'on• •Taiwan ,ar.d,-.Ionnlmen of •bruevand trw ability. The Li incident, end the: subsequentOxereUtiOu..of More than 10,000 Taiwanese and officers of -win : Nattnnali it fOrose for *r•nen-coaperation with the CHIANG regime, has alienated- Taiwaneie and pro«-Nationalist , .

•-Chinects throughout Asia titer (21 I.. Kai-shek. Continued United -StetiensuPpoit'far..•=WANG without looking into the true existing situation is tantamount to a complete -..elienatliar;nf• Chinene people from the United States. The 'opinion of this ,group was*bet AgrANG 16.1 .-abek : could . not hold out for more . than Another . year;:- :-• •'. •

- - . . . .. • .: _.: ., l'hil %tied" : States Irian too much trait In -EGIAND:teit4hek af .the.•:eicgiariae -20t. other

,:ernanwhiSte Ur intaresta reauki to Lbetter. served. • 'There are Vei -. 7.: • extensive : Cotagazilati..-inteinadrisi Gong lions and they leave it untouched ' 0:4 ..14ans. -.0 the profit•get'lli!iii;;Sise'LtidCg.. 'If this source cf trade ware lost, they Can take' Hoag /cOigt:eisi1,1;'..SOtiiiieG'sti ,fiiiir of the lInglish among the Yining people... The Oniniee believe that

glanct .deeren!ls'went the V.S. to recognise Casmunisk China because of the profit they'Skive' frifithis: *secret trade.6 ,

'lltretaansiin' Wens, postnre oex:-bothedea iti:Vliiiip#400,6; .: '44:rid* : . ..!4.....'.. .....„....:*..,1'• , ;., v..,,

,7t r.114e.'t":IS*ri*IHevii:.i.sfitAlitailka.raidie elt. -s-qcoasio'da6d4i14:44!,!ACI54

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"DA INI-ElliGENCE REPOlkiUbe Mts taro esly h TiNCLia.ac..1a) 11-11-56 arma Japan Inc]. I.hubvetivo la 51; 1704b:4)

Beginning in 3optembor t.; ere was to be a country-ve.de control of food for threeyears duration in order to control distribution. The people were to be divided intosix classes with a separ.)te ration to each arise. Even anima/ food was to be placedunder control. The °Mounts of food given earth type of animal was specified. Thereason for this should be akamined. It in because of the shortages of food in theSoviet area. Chins is shipping food to the Soviets to pay for the obeoletemachines

beingshippei to Chine. The big attention is being given to urban development at thenovenae of Ulu fanners. Although new apartment buildings are going up, I noticedno new fans houses. The oas I saw were in very poor condition - rotten timbers notbeing repaired, etc, the peasants were droned in rags and their . ribs were visible(i.e. starving), and there were very few form animals. • to ocsmon expression woe thatthe laboring class should have been taken ore of yesterday and the young people fromtomorrow. 'he only people who seemed to have any degree of prosperity were the Delfts sand police.

Later in Peking, a merchant told me in groat secrecy that there is no longer anyprofit in businees and ha wished the Japanese Army wore back. The Chinese warn dress'very plainly and .simply without cosmetics. 14 guess is that ..they are influenoed byand imitating the frugality of the politicians. For example, L/II Chao-Chi wean;threadbare shirts' and pigskin shoed. The offigiala even weer Dimple cotton garments.This despite t:e fact that there are no anti-luxury lavz. Despite the Cooperative -Associations (Gesderusha s- 1 .7:4 ) there is no imprs,vement in methods of farming.There are no longer any large land owners with surplus money to provide for necassaryrepairs .aitott as roads, bridges, etc,, , . •, Peleing.-wow an interesting place to notice the 'attitude toward Soviet-Chinese-Japanese l*olutione. .1 met for three hours with three Soviet Embassy people. :. Thefirst :thine they naked she was, 11.re you Colonel TaujiY^ They nid this- wail :because

Itt appearance and because I oan :peak Russian. 1 . tald them I wee not 'capper:Teuji„bUti'.•Dietiklectber Temp.. The aoxt thing they ticked ski was "We hear You have0;000 :friends in the Gairiet Union'. Is this truer' . I said yes, that had net them

11 -ermnilten :'(aLtc of Japanone .Soviet border conflict in 1938). The next :thing- theyasked me was n :fere you responsible for the plea for the attack on Pearl Earbor? e .:1 told there no,- that this had been &Nail plan. This question indicated - to:ine 'that:

ekSeviets.iike:thirdlag of a second Pearl Harbor - the problem is vahether'ity.s onetheir awn, Or the other side. • Free ay. observations,' there aispa:..rod to be i fine

lirta : kif,diati.adtiodbetween the attitude of the Chinon, toward the :apneas and thatof the Chinese tovarci the Soviets. - The relationship between the Chinese and theJapanese is the 3016 as that between an older and Yentiger bretheri . Wherewe theChineee,_attitteletr'word the Bowden is that of ocmplete subservience. The.appeired to hava.,a 'marsh warner feeling 'toward the -Japanese than toward the 'Soviets.

One intereeting part of the Chi. nese . acene is the .aorobability that LID Chao-Chi.. ? Iiiix1•01011 al-lei mdli fight for the Dimension to power when i4A0 Tee-twig passes fromthe ticanie.; . I .talked' some or the Ccaimuniste t Larding offioiali such ee;.LIIIICheo7chi

iChliZni . C811..;to add aau Pei-Chan; the One-eyed general. I have known LI11:.Fai4heireincterthe .:Siter4titeit Jim incident when LI11 woe faxiMander of the 16th Army Ai:V.44**

:;.reitYtirid , eit . iritiranteconversetion with hie. Xe is new a member of the'"Irtil.itiltY,...;.i.'n01*:40.i*...Es h.:Gaited of the fact th at they bed beaten knicirieaW1,th.Onertingar .

1*4aid that .Aaferiea is like 'a iiiPer tiger • Otiii4Ahe Ale*• "JamnT Re spoke troir frankly and hire' e very etre* , anti-laferibek

seen . Heory ...fewPostere . on the street eivaMotiegAha , attack on.are Wan, no need to AnyriOe.

.0■3'

r to:tik"erplane Abe . : ado comodatioeus ,were' thororblyfrugal .

..:644:4#11#6gOVP.41#440400Q!1*-**11—i0F.only',000Y4,YR:*01j133h''sifneed' for iierrn':iiirtire .Ohe ifq

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flew along the rail line into tam Bator and I noticed for a long distance114 we went into Vlan Bator a peCuliar pentagon-shaped building located along the raillime at extremely regular intervals, of approxioutoly 8 Idlbsieters each. I guessedthat these must be barraelts capable of housing about 200 men each or something for

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DA 114/ELLIGENCE nipola1114. Oh ism gull in etreleadee1

dorocro„ jus t, 'Der ore urrtrin fl ii ',Ian Bator, I rotioed an re:covat5 oon r 11infi -of. 3nmo sort. The dirt spoil we la cceulier oe/or, not brown 'out a lightioh, alnoot

th

New

the element° but t.re happy. because the micilsom pay is 1,000 rubles per month.

The SOviet treatoent of us was quite different from the ITht ,e3e. In form theywere ouch more correct and complete in the reception they gave u3 but inwardly theatmosphere wa g quite different. They were not wens end hospitable but rather lock ed

• ...ay.., •• .4. •-•• • .• , '...• + -7, PM I l ,INI • awe•c••••• r.FW 1.17....

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green color. Thin night bw fluorspar (hotoruiahi) end could ineiaute urenitsedepositn, I thought.

. There was quite M bit of traffic of soviet pereonnel through Ellen Bator to the&tat. The greatest number yea ,soing to Peking; the ner:t grootnst to lhabarovak.The smallest number vas going to Liagadan. These people wore eU extremelx vel/dressed. The ladies, for exami_le, were dropped in ;Trey fur coats and I believed thatthey worn the trims of offiaisls. only high -ranldnd people peened to be going toMagadan which leads me to believe t.h3t it may be the center of scene is\nr.ert.int activity

There in a large hydro-electric pleat, 700,000 1M capacity, being Avi.lt on thetkaet Ocoat of Lake Bsikal. It Lac a 150 motor dam and in due to be ecinpletoi yearafter next. The vo3rhers at this plant have no facilities worthy of the Ilnlie •-• noamusement, schools, decant hceace, etc. They are almost black from worid.ng e:coeed to

or us. so riFies. , , •

individuals in the DTA. One reason in became I avoieed official entertninments in'the evening at much . as poi/Bible ard mule walk aroine. the atreeta-taiking to whomeverI °ea.! ;St to tclk to

. : At one tie* I was tking to an Infantry Colonel ;rho vas qutt.friendly ard

ak. bodge:: . ..X. •

_It/ -veering it hit influence over tho' cithcrs tms in:avec:06d. This men , told me. toot. as•tliiinf t wenEenother tar, but if one came with the United Staten, he was. ready , , te,-.get .-. ,

' - -

, lois c4 notnet ha•ve artificial loge but only woo:en-peg-lege. •• - .;--t ' '

Th._eleening of public places like perks m. a dose igy, omen who sere- weir WidOWs..- '-, ,.neat Of heevy , industry, •judged', the-groat .08peint at ,

, . .

troops thore of an estiaot■A division equivequivalentin raie.`.bitt theyarki Far:: '..eircreft net ground. defenee I'.alsO saw a. large nuMber of .jettpliinci•

nak in a 1:orge center,: but 1:_tude, po det.hlod survey.A PV•rk MckOr14;•41-nbots. BOd 011t08t: Ther.f.04:881.1 to 13..

presAn, DOOM field a, ond,1•r nOted oevét,r4 setareer'Of eni.tdr!,aikir00tzie -pak.this, 4hr.prethiationi for'ittargei,

,

In the liBM/ we hod a '50.17 tight schedule. They took us to nice orlseee only andevery alit there was a Ilarly. with drinking. I had a chance to talk to a great .any

talkai:td.v.:, 'put then a,Lt Colorel of CPU cane' up ;Jid joined us, he shut up-eosple.t.ely,

, . _gi,shed• him 'what it was wt., he sad Le x,ecoi.ve-d it for i■artiaPatioo d-i tbo Ckqran rtr

.Anot,tieit 1.e I won tolling to an ordinary laborer uhe wee wiring_. - . .

th—r liik moremiges. . . .. : = - , • - ' ':- - '' •

I. saw quite a nu norber of disabled veterans. I ticed that oi.e who had lost

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tztlking to poraonn fro, all tnal . a of liZo. 1 know e■)..t the reciio set in my rte.* vastapped and the melds and houneboys eanigned to us ,ore 4ven otriot adore to iateho.sr our r.:Lxvities. Everytinte I left the hotel, I web follound, hat on oevercloccasions I nuccesefully evaded my surveillant. I wont to the bleckmarket and atersome bargaining sold my Japanese Seikosha watch for 1200, rubles (about the equive/entof 90,000 yen, or ;250) and as a result, I had more than ample funds to apend flaring•

the root of my tour through the ...oviet Union. I uont out and talked to ntudents,snld tiers, and laborers. I did not buy any souvenirs becuune there is nothing worthtwine.

In on attempt to find out 1 .hicth 4oviet leo.lor has the grutost influence ar.ongthe poop.te, I multi Irk, "Hou ,..oes Khruahohev rater" utie l e 'o. 1", vat the animas%Similarly for tho four Atter iaportunt 1:aders - Bulacniq, rslenkov, thukov and(another whose nase K.u. has :orgotten). Stab was "o. 11 Although I asked over100 reople, no one woulci say uhich of the five no. l's was most layortmt or whichhe liked the best. In my judgoont there is ••o single immuniser to Stalin yet apparentIt ie tag eatirtato th,.t in such a weak situation, the soviets cennot start a war.

I bought Gomel children's texthooks to =arsine theta beobuts ia a controlledstate like the U...1.i/t the typo of educktion given the ohildrcm is an irertent indica-tion. uver 3011 of the conZ:ente are warlike teachings, praising military lemiers,accounts of the 'way' a acconpliahnonts und the inevitalitybi of the Cosonuaist Ilevoluftion. Cceparinc thee kith Chinere textbooks, in the Mincers ems° there areyietUres -.of bovdet lenient, but none of Chinese in the :;uvist hooka. The feeling one gets,froct the Chineao botiao is that of hero 17orship but not.thot Of a Oessoun.ist state likeRussia. ..

.. In Leningrad, than 1:-.1re about 300,000 widows, mort of when did not /mow wit re, their husbands were. Menet =an did much of the menial labor in Leningrad as theyco in' Othdr-Ropsian cities. I talked to name of VIGO and yap told that they nave no.neiS of 'tbeifr,bnettande r- stare they died, under uhet cktroianstinees,-sto.7 These ." - •-iiiariple".troi`tli:t they are "Lily -a broken Grip* ilemething to be dileterded as Usages.1P*Ii'rationim war; very strict, each percon Ling lisd.ted to 75 -grans per day.' The

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,40 lellOgreetir 2 -ruh-los - that it i: : :sold by the slice, seetething-Nhicb 1 14.VIiii ..ti -,' seen eletatere. Lima the experience of taiting to a drunk party member us unr./1 :4I

.-hia etiritser 50-rubles pay vould not permit kim to II1Ske the trip. ..1 a.laci.had the* .opportunity to stroll around the alleys and bywrqe,. and I found that many of the

. buildings cure .marred by bullet holes and broken windows Ukiah had not binendlred.:since the war.. ,. i ltany people. of the laboring class live in pleixibillxtrit are 4.ittle,better ttrar-.c.airitra end their clothes are very threodbtre...i tirtcrict -to riany pingo.there and *.thS;:pneral feeling is that they are appalled at the thought of any more wei also rtrieCto .croecee in evevereation a aft officer, but as impel:AO, tie.ijaelgt.net:e1.1f.:- : I ...510:4-,, a ctriver vhst he thought . was the runt importzat wren in Suviertluaitia

.anclAre rentidneti General Shukov-. Apparently lehilke . t is the only I/portant official;Who lii.well, kalliwiteaoUs the Yonn:Ar people in Illumiu. Wirivid inoremeloni ofLetriirLrau *Pity isy feeling of life in Taxseie in genlral.... The lir vidowei; thedrn0F0,1,. bamiTi ...t4a soldier in a torn uniform end tba-agia41441Uma*bitd:AblarrUaid

: , , ,-, .publie: buildings, can be found throsyjapot, the Sountgr, :-Cierything,himi.. .

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ob. 42, twos .17 13 ateNlase. INCLi1331IT2) R.-l1-56 ilrme Japan 5 of

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In Daku I triod to inveatigote the extent of the 0j. realities there but woon'table to find out all I wanted to know. I was shown the new oil fields recentlydiscovered beneath the Jaapian Sea. The oil is 5,000 meters below the level of theSea. I was told that 28>.; of the oil production of the Baku area comes /roe this newfield. I was also told that the Caspian Sea field now has over 300 wells producingfrom 15 to 20 tone each per day. From this you can see thct the Caspisn Dee fieldsproduce between five and six thousand tons of oil per day. If the Caspian fieldsproduce 28. of the Baku oil, total prodnotion in the Baku area can be eatimoted.They intend to raise the Caspian .ies field production to 30;; of total Baku productionnext year, and to 50?, the year after. There also appears to be development of newoil fields in the Altai Uonge. I snitched a sample of the catalyst (shake/mi.) usedin their refinery and had it analysed kra friend in Japan who said thet it is tenyears old oompared with US standrrds. (I hope this incident will not be rote/liedbecause of its effect on the fuith the Soviets will have toward the Japanese.)

, In the Baku area I noticed a large number of T-34 tanks and anti-aircraft guns.f:isked-the Governor of the Province, around whose house I noticed a liinge nnmber ofweapon! if this was •r evidence of the new "Peace" Army, Ididoh made him angry andleft bin without a reply.

- 4e next went to Georgia which is, of course, the birthplace of both Stalin andBeide. In this border area there are large numbers of soldiers.- isew anti-aireneftemplacements, tonics and jet aircraft in large nuXbers. One interesting thinS'I

:mated Were the large numbs; of excellent roads built into arena 61 little population.-

In Tiflis I sun a seamlesustael tube factory, employing 10,000 workers. ItMai:hires: bear labels indiceting thoy were made in Oermarnr dhallhi 1940-43. The guide,:

...Opted that they were purchased in Germany, but When I asked if there were free tradewith the Derinane during the liar he just grinned.

• •

The presence of a large number of troops here suggeats the poeeibility that:AUeSieiserbe Considering this as Us next vantage point from which to launch aggreasiva.werfare.-- The things I observed there were not for defensive purposes; they were-"Aefiniteli for an offensive movenent, possibly toward Iran :end Iron. 'heir activitiesiciWind the civil populace appears to be preparing tWilt for action in the area Ibelieve that their nexttarget will be in the /addle East, not Donnas* or Poland. -.Another indication that this is not a defensive posture is the fiat that they have'1Ootted - heavr:induatryso fax' forward toeUrd . utat Would be the front lire it the

- :soeiete exhumed the defensive in this area. This all:can:be related to the repent,-thing of-the-SO.14A leaders throughIndia and the -,Egyptien'ilimMdell. ' 7'

In the USSR there is nothing worth bwrieg as a souvenir item clothing, etp,. .Oo-I botgch.t textbooks, mope, etc. They wouldn't sell the naps in Moscow bet . / 'yaw:-abiMto.,:buy them without difficulty it Tiflis.

fr overall conclusions as the rehnit of my .trip are acfollowes

a The Soviets, •

at;,piesent.l.eeka single, leader. int/lent:oh! .thay_ere...-

coo,. ge t . nibe1anae between■ -betweeit ' war and ,Peeieas - .a i ceiggititil7ge ;0434410:i for iiai.i.:,-.....--

,.,jruete :rciemt five to siir 'ylpqrs' the 3ovieti3 will bet-. ,.., Av1L, Alt. Pieee .thethere. diederded the idea of using wer,-to. , ,.....,.their'050.:=. ... .Their tleiell 'Ob'eotive ie to overthrow the United St6tes and th 1411 130 PreDailug' '

. . ..to do this.

f.. The soviets won't take a chants on the big war but this maan,peacewill next start to work through the Y1ddle East on down through to India, end

• eps lilmly next year in Indo-China spreading tolialeyo, Thailand, Berme', 2

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