a h vi Windows

Cch y khng lu, my tnh c nhn thng c cu hnh thp, dung lng cng nh nn ngi dng thng chung thy mt my tnh, mt h iu hnh. n nay, khi my tnh cu hnh cao, c cng dung lng cc ln tr nn ph bin th nh nh li ny sinh nhu cu s dng khng ch mt, hai, m thm ch nhiu h iu hnh (HH) hn na.

Nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao t pha cc thng ca e-CHP v ci khon a h (iu hnh) ny, xin gii thiu cch ci t nhiu HH trn mt my tnh v nhng trc trc thng gp khi thc hin.

Trc khi bt u, cc bn nn ch mt s quy c sau thay i cho ph hp vi my tnh ca mnh:

cng tin hnh ci t gm bn phn vng: C, D, E, F. Trong , C l phn vng chnh (Primary Partition). Phn vng m rng (Extented Partition) c chia thnh ba phn vng logic l D, E, F. Phn vng C c thit lp l Active Partition. Tt c cc phn vng u s dng FAT32 v n c h tr bi tt c Windows.

HH s dng trong bi vit ny l cc phin bn Windows 9x/ME, 2000, XP.

Cch phn chia cng bng PQ Partition Magic v cch ci t mt HH c th c trnh by chi tit trong cc s e-CHP trc (s 5 trang 30, v s 16 trang 30), mi cc bn xem li.

Khi chia cng thnh cc phn vng khc nhau, bn nn d kin trc phn vng no s ci t HH, phn vng no cha d liu t tn tng ng. V d: Vi phn vng C dng ci t Windows XP, bn c th t tn l WinXP. Phn vng E dng cha d liu, bn c th t tn l Data, v.v...

Nn ci t cc HH Windows khc nhau trn nhng phn vng khc nhau v trong cu trc th mc, file mc nh ca cc HH Windows c mt s trng lp nh: Program Files, Documents and Settings, Recycled Bin...

Bn cng nn tp thi quen sau: i vi nhng phn vng dng ci HH th ch ci HH v phn mm thi, tt c d liu nh vn bn, e-mail, v.v... nn t mt phn vng khc khi cn, c th format phn vng cha HH ci t li hoc bung ghost m khng cn lo lng n vic sao lu d liu na.

Ngay sau khi ci t HH v cc phn mm thng dng, bn nn dng ghost to bn sao (image) khi cn, ch vic bung ra l dng c ngay, khng cn phi ci t li, rt mt thi gian.

Nu y l ln u tin chp ci mn a h ny, hoc khng mun c rc ri xy ra trong qu trnh thc hin th bn nn ci t theo th t u tin sau y: Windows 9x/Me Windows 2000 Windows XP.

-Chun b: a CD ci t HH. a CD khi ng c, c cha cc phn mm nh Partition Magic, Ghost, v.v... a mm.-Tin hnh:Trc tin, bn hy ci Win9x/Me vo phn vng C.Tip theo, khi ng li my bng a ci t Win2000 v tin hnh ci t nh bnh thng. Khi n bc chn phn vng ci t, bn hy chn phn vng D. bc ny, nu trc bn t tn phn vng theo quy c ni trn, bn c th d dng chn phn vng ci t m khng b nhm ln.

39026MB Disk 0 at Id 1 on bus 0 on atapi MBRC: Partition1 [Fat32] 10064MBD: Partition2 [Fat32] 5064MBE: Partition3 [Fat32] 5064MBF: Partition4 [Fat32] 20064MB

Ngay sau khi nhn Enter, bn s gp bng sau:

Format the partition using the NTFS file system Format the partition using the FAT file system Format the partition using the NTFS file systemFormat the partition using the FAT file systemConvert the partition to NTFSLeave the current file system intact (no change)

Hy chn dng cui cng: Leave the current file system intact, nhn Enter tip tc. Qu trnh sau din ra nh bnh thng.

Sau khi ci t xong Win2000, trong ln khi ng u tin, bn s trng thy mt menu cho php bn chn la khi ng t Win9x/Me hay Win2000. Hy th vo tng HH xem, nu khng c g trc trc th hy b a ci t WinXP vo v khi ng li my.

Mi vic tin hnh tng t vi lu nh l chn phn vng E ci t WinXP. Khi qu trnh ci t hon tt, trong ln khi ng u tin, bn s c mt menu vi ba chn la l Win9x/Me, Win2000 v WinXP. Mt ln na, hy th vo tng HH xem, nu mi vic sun s th bn thnh cng ri y. Qu n gin phi khng cc bn?

Tuy nhin, trong thc t, khi ci t nhiu HH trn mt my tnh, bn s gp mt s vn rt kh chu. Sau y l mt s tnh hung thng gp v cch thc x l chng:

1. Ti ang s dng Win9x trn phn vng C, nay ti mun ci thm WinMe vo phn vng D nhng khng c. Ti phi lm sao?

Do Win9x v WinMe u khng c kh nng qun l vic khi ng kp, mi ln ch c th khi ng vo mt HH, cn HH kia s b n i, nn bn phi s dng mt phn mm cho php chuyn phn vng D thnh phn vng th hai trong Primary Partition. Ri ci mt phn mm qun l khi ng nu khng mun thc hin cng vic thit lp Active cho phn vng cha HH mun khi ng nh ni trn.

C rt nhiu phn mm dng qun l khi ng a h iu hnh nh PQ Boot Magic, System Commander, Acronis OS Selector, BootStar, v.v... (Tham kho bi vit Ci nhiu HH vi Partition Magic trong s ny)

2. Ti ang s dng Win2000/XP trn phn vng C, nay ti mun ci thm Win9x/Me vo phn vng D. Sau khi ci xong th Win2000/XP khng khi ng c na m vo thng Win9x/Me. Ti phi lm th no y?

Trc tin, hy vo Win9x/Me, to mt a mm khi ng bng cch vo Control Panel, chn Add/Remove Program, chn tab Startup Disk. Cho a mm vo , nhn nt Create Disk...

Vo th mc C:\Windows\Command, tm v chp tp tin Debug.exe v tp tin Fdisk.exe vo a mm khi ng.

Tip theo, m Notepad ln v g vo nhng dng sau (lu ch O, s 0 v khong trng)

L 100 2 0 1N C:\BOOTSECT.DOSR BX0R CX200WQ

Sau vo File, chn Save as, trong mc File name g vo echip.scr (c lun du nhy).

Chp tp tin echip.scr va to ra vo a mm khi ng.

Khi ng li my bng a mm khi ng.

Ti du nhc A:\> bn g vo dng lnh sau ri nhn Enter:

A:\>debug bn hy g vo nhng dng lnh sau (ch khong trng, nhn Enter sau mi dng):

A:\>fdisk /mbr

A:\> sys C:

Khi ng li xem, bn s tin thng vo Win98 m khng gp mt cht tr ngi no.

5. Tng t nh trn, nhng th t ngc li, Win9x/Me phn vng D v WinXP phn vng C?

Trng hp ny kh phc tp v di dng nn khng th trnh by y v khun kh c gii hn. Theo ti, nu ri vo trng hp ny v cha c kinh nghim, bn nn sao lu d liu quan trng, format c hai phn vng v ci t li Win9x/Me trn phn vng C th s d dng hn.

Nu v l do c bit no buc phi gi li Win9x/Me hay quyt tm vc, bn c th lin h vi ti qua e-mail cuong2005@zapo.net trao i thm.

6. Ti cng ang s dng hai h iu hnh nh trn, nhng thay v g b Win2000/XP, ti li mun g b Win9x/Me th c c khng?

c, tuy nhin nu khng c g quan trng, bn nn format c hai partition v ci li Win2000/XP. Nhng nu v l do c bit no m phi gi li Win2000/XP, bn c th lm nh sau:

Trng hp 1: Win9x/Me phn vng C, Win2000/XP phn vng D. Khi ng vo Win2000/XP, m Windows Explorer ln, vo Tools, chn Option, chn tab View, chn mc Show hidden files and Folders v b chn mc Hide protected operating system files. Chuyn sang phn vng C (phn vng ci t Win9x/Me), tm v sao lu cc tp tin sau: boot.ini, ntldr, NTDETECT.COM vo mt th mc no trn phn vng D (phn vng ci t Win2000/XP).

Xa sch tt c cc th mc v tp tin trn phn vng C (ch : xa ch khng format), sau chp cc tp tin sao lu trn vo li th mc gc phn vng C.

Nhp chn tp tin boot.ini, nhp phi, chn properties, b chn mc Hidden v Readonly, nhn OK. Sau , m tp tin boot.ini ln bng Notepad, tm v xa dng ny:

C:\="Microsoft Windows 9x/Me" (phn trong du nhy c th khc my bn). Chuyn ln trn u, sa mc Timeout = 0. Save v ng boot.ini li.

Tp tin boot.ini sau khi sa s c dng nh sau:

[Boot Loader]Timeout=0Default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)\WinNT (hay Windows)[Operating Systems]multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)\Windows=Microsoft Windows 2000 (hay XP Professional) /fastdetect

T gi tr i, mi khi khi ng my, bn s vo thng WinXP. Mt ln na, bn nh khng c format phn vng C, v khng c xa ba tp tin nu trn, nu khng bn s khng vo c WinXP na.

Trng hp 2: Win2000/XP phn vng C v Win9x /Me phn vng D. Lc ny cc tp tin boot.ini, ntldr, NTDETECT.COM nm trn phn vng C nn bn ch cn format phn vng D v sa li tp tin boot.ini tng t nh trn l xong. Ni dung tp tin boot.ini c khc i cht, tuy nhin bn c sa li nh sau:

[Boot Loader]Timeout=0Default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WinNT (hay Windows)[Operating Systems]multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\Windows=Microsoft Windows 2000 (hay XP Professional) /fastdetectTr len au trang