vii

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... v

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... x

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................. xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 3

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................... 3

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................... 3

BAB II KEADAAN UMUM PUSAT PENELITIAN KIMIA LIPI

2.1 Sejarah Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI .......................................................... 4

2.2 Lokasi dan Tata Letak Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI ................................... 5

2.3 Struktur Organisasi dan Ketetenagakerjaan ............................................... 6

2.3.1 Bagian Tata Usaha .......................................................................... 6

2.3.2 Bidang Jasa Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi ................................. 7

2.3.3 Bidang Kimia Analitik dan Standar ................................................. 7

2.3.4 Bidang Kimia Bahan Alam, Pangan dan Farmasi ............................. 8

2.3.5 Bidang Teknologi Lingkungan ........................................................ 8

2.3.6 Bidang Teknologi Proses dan Katalis .............................................. 8

2.4 Sarana dan Prasarana ................................................................................. 9

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2.5 Sumber Manusia ....................................................................................... 10

BAB III TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

3.1 Asam Sinamat ........................................................................................... 13

3.1.1 Turunan Asam Sinamat ................................................................... 15

3.2 Asam Salisilat ........................................................................................... 16

3.3 Esterifikasi ................................................................................................ 18

3.4 DCC (1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) ........................................................ 20

3.5 DMAP (4-dimethylamino pyridine) ........................................................... 21

3.6 Kromatografi............................................................................................. 22

3.6.1 Kromatografi Lapis Tipis ................................................................ 23

3.6.2 Kromatografi Kolom ....................................................................... 25

3.7 Spektrofotometri NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) ............................ 26

BAB IV METODE PENELITIAN

4.1 Waktu dan Tempat Pelaksanaan ................................................................ 30

4.2 Alat dan Bahan.......................................................................................... 30

4.2.1 Alat ................................................................................................. 30

4.2.2 Bahan .............................................................................................. 30

4.3 Cara Kerja ................................................................................................. 31

4.3.1 Esterifikasi Asam Sinamat dengan Asam Salisilat ........................... 31

4.3.2 Proses Pemurnian Produk ................................................................ 31

4.3.3 Identifikasi Senyawa Ester............................................................... 32

BAB V HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

5.1 Esterifikasi Asam Sinamat ........................................................................ 33

5.2 Identifikasi Senyawa Ester ........................................................................ 38

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5.2.1 Identifikasi Ester dengan KLT ......................................................... 38

5.2.2 Identifikasi Ester dengan 1H-NMR .................................................. 40

BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

6.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 45

6.2 Saran ......................................................................................................... 45

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 46

LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................. 48

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DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman

Tabel 1. Sarana dan prasarana pendukung program-program Pusat Penelitian

Kimia LIPI ........................................................................................ 9

Tabel 2. Rekapitulasi keadaan pegawai Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI menurut

pendidikan......................................................................................... 12

Tabel 3. Jenis proton dengan berbagai pergeseran kimia ................................. 29

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

Gambar 1. Struktur asam sinamat .................................................................... 13

Gambar 2. Struktur asam salisilat .................................................................... 17

Gambar 3. Reaksi umum esterifikasi ............................................................... 18

Gambar 4. Mekanisme reaksi esterifikasi Fischer ............................................ 19

Gambar 5. Struktur DCC................................................................................. 21

Gambar 6. Struktur DMAP ............................................................................. 22

Gambar 7. Sketsa kromatografi lapis tipis ....................................................... 24

Gambar 8. Bagian-bagian NMR ...................................................................... 28

Gambar 9. Esterifikasi Steglich asam sinamat dengan asam salisilat................ 34

Gambar 10. Mekanisme aktivasi DCC pada asam sinamat .............................. 35

Gambar 11. Mekanisme reaksi esterifikasi dengan katalis DMAP ................... 36

Gambar 12. Hasil identifikasi KLT standar asam sinamat, fraksi 1, fraksi 2

sebelum penguapan .................................................................... 38

Gambar 13. Hasil uji KLT fraksi 1 (P1) dan fraksi 2 (P2) dengan fase gerak n-

heksana : etil asetat (10:1) .......................................................... 39

Gambar 14. Hasil analisis spektrofotometer 1H-NMR pada fraksi 1 ................ 41

Gambar 15. Hasil analisis spektrofotometer 13

C-NMR pada fraksi 1 ............... 42

Gambar 16. Hasil analisis spektrofotometer 1H-NMR pada fraksi 2 ................ 43

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Halaman

Lampiran 1. Perbesaran Gambar Spektrum 1H-NMR Fraksi 1 ......................... 49

Lampiran 2. Perbesaran Gambar Spektrum 1H-NMR Fraksi 2 ......................... 49

Lampiran 3. Perhitungan Bahan ...................................................................... 50