Upload
others
View
12
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
vi
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN....................................................................................... iii
PRAKATA ............................................................................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ....................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. x
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................... xii
INTISARI ..................................................................................................................
xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................. 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 4
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ........................................................................ 4
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus ....................................................................... 5
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................... 5
1.4.1 Manfaat Teoritis ..................................................................... 5
1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis ...................................................................... 6
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 7
2.1. Malaria ............................................................................................. 7
2.1.1. Pengertian Malaria ................................................................. 7
2.1.2. Epidemiologi Malaria ............................................................ 7
2.1.3. Penyebab Penyakit Malaria .................................................... 9
2.1.4. Siklus Hidup Nyamuk .......................................................... 10
2.1.5. Gejala Klinis Malaria ........................................................... 16
2.1.6. Diagnosis .............................................................................. 18
2.1.7. Cara Penularan Malaria ........................................................ 20
vii
2.1.8. Pencegahan Penyakit Malaria .............................................. 21
2.1.9. Upaya Pengendalian Malaria ............................................... 23
2.1.10. Karakteristik ...................................................................... 28
2.1.11. Dimensi Karakteristik Individu ......................................... 28
2.1.12. Hubungan karakteristik masyarakat kejadian Malaria ...... 30
2.2. Kerangka Teori .............................................................................. 33
2.3. Kerangka Konsep .......................................................................... 33
2.4. Hipotesis ........................................................................................ 33
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................... 34
3.1. Jenis Penelitian dan Rancangan Penelitian .................................... 34
3.2. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ................................................ 34
3.2.1. Variabel ................................................................................ 34
3.2.2. Definisi Operasional ............................................................ 34
3.3. Populasi dan Besar Sampel ........................................................... 37
3.3.1. Populasi ................................................................................ 37
3.3.2. Sampel .................................................................................. 37
3.3.3. Teknik Sampling .................................................................. 39
3.4. Instrumen Penelitian ...................................................................... 40
3.4.1. Alat ....................................................................................... 40
3.4.2. Pengambilan Data ................................................................ 40
3.5. Cara penelitian ............................................................................... 41
3.6. Tempat dan Waktu ........................................................................ 42
3.6.1. Tempat ................................................................................. 42
3.6.2. Waktu ................................................................................... 42
3.7. Analisis Hasil ................................................................................. 42
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................... 45
4.1. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 45
4.1.1. Analisis univariat ................................................................. 45
4.1.2. Analisis bivariat ................................................................... 47
4.1.3. Analisis multivariat .............................................................. 53
4.2. Pembahasan ................................................................................... 54
viii
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 59
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 59
5.2 Saran ............................................................................................... 59
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 60
LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................... 64
ix
DAFTAR SINGKATAN
Depkes RI : Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Dinkes : Dinas Kesehatan
GF : Global Fund
Kemenkes RI : Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
KLB : Kejadian Luar Biasa
LED : Laju Endap Darah
OR : Odds Ratio
Puskesmas : Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat
Riskesdas : Riset Kesehatan Dasar
SP : Sulfadoksin-Pirimetamin
WHO : World Health Organization
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2. 1 Siklus hidup Plasmodium ............................................................... 12
Gambar 2. 2 A. Apusan darah tebal; B-H. Apusan darah tipis; B. Signet ring
P. falciparum tropozoit; C. Gametosit berbentuk pisang khas
pada P. falciparum; D. Ameboid tropozoit khas P. vivax; E.
Skizon P.vivax; F. Gametosit sferis P. vivax; G. Tropozoit
P.ovale; dan H. Tropozoit pita P. malariae. ................................... 20
Gambar 2. 3 Jumlah Kelambu berinsektisida ...................................................... 23
Gambar 2. 4 Malaria Klinis, Sediaan diperiksa dan Positif Malaria di tahun
2008-2010 ....................................................................................... 25
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2. 1 Masa inkubasi intrinsik ....................................................................... 12
Tabel 2. 2 Presentase Penderita Malaria satu bulan terakhir dengan
pengobatan Artemisin-based ............................................................... 25
Tabel 2.3 Tabulasi Silang Antara Variabel Independen dengan Variabel
Dependen ............................................................................................ .41
Tabel 4.1 Hubungan usia dan kejadian malaria ................................................. 48
Tabel 4. 2 Hubungan usia remaja-dewasa dan lansia dengan kejadian malaria .. 48
Tabel 4. 3 Hubungan pekerjaan dan kejadian malaria ........................................ 49
Tabel 4. 4 Hubungan pendidikan dan kejadian malaria ...................................... 50
Tabel 4. 5 Hubungan pendidikan dan kejadian malaria ...................................... 51
Tabel 4. 6 Hubungan pendapatan dan kejadian malaria ...................................... 51
Tabel 4. 7 Tabel hasil analisis bivariat hubungan umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan
dan pendapatan dengan kejadian malaria ........................................... 52
Tabel 4. 8 Analisis multivariat hubungan usia, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan dengan
kejadian malaria ................................................................................. 53
xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Statistik ............................................................................................ 64
Lampiran 2. Permohonan Ijin Pengambilan Data Puskesmas Banjarmangu I ..... 74
Lampiran 3. Permohonan Ijin Pengambilan Data Dinkes Banjarnegara .............. 76
Lampiran 4. Rekomnendasi Ijin Penelitian Kesbangpolinmas Banjarnegara ...... 77
Lampiran 5. Ijin Penelitian Litbang Banjarnegara ............................................... 78
Lampiran 6. Ijin Pengambilan Data Puskesmas ................................................... 79
Lampiran 7. Ijin Pengambilan Data Dinas Kesehatan ......................................... 80
Lampiran 8. Dokumntasi ...................................................................................... 81