33

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Abdullah K, Irwanto AK, Siregar N, Agustina SE, Tambunan AH, Yamin M, Hartulistiyoso E,

Purwanto YA, Wulandani D, Nelwan LO. 1998. Energi dan Elektrifikasi Pertanian.

Bogor: Proyek Peningkatan Perguruan Tinggi. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Abelloncleanenergy. 2009. Cofiring with biopellets: An efficient way to reduce greenhouse

greenhouse gas emissions.

[AEAT]. 2003. AET, Wood Pellet Manufacture in Scotland-A report produced for Scottish Enterprise

Forest Industries Cluster, Issue 1.

Anonim. 2011. Flat Die Pellet Mill (Light Industrial). http://www.pelletmill.net/pellet-mill.html.

[19 September 2011].

Bailis R, Ogle D, MacCarty N, Still D. 2007. The Water Boiling Test. California: Shell Foundation.

[BPPP] Balai Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian. 2010. Peluang Agribisnis Arang Sekam.

[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2010. Produksi Padi, jagung, dan Kedelai. No.68/11/th.XIII.

Bhattacharya SC. 1998. Appropriate biomass energy technologies: issues and problems. Renewable

Energy Sources for Rural Areas in Asia and The Pacific. Japan: Tatsumi Printing Co.,

Ltd: 26-53.

Compete. 2009. Competence platform on energy crop and agroforestry system for arid and semi-arid

ecosystems – Africa. Germany.

CTI-R 04/5. 2004. Biocombustibili Solidi-Caratterizzazione del Pellet a Fini Energiciti.

Italy: Comatito Termotecnica Italiano.

Demirbas A. 1999. Properties of charcoal derived from hazelnut shell and the production of briquettes

using pyrolitic oil. Energy 24: 141 – 150.

DIN 51371. 1996. Test of Solid Fuel : Compressed Wood and Compressed Bark in Natural State-

Pellets or Briquettes-Requirements and Test Specification. Germany: Germany

Standardization Institute.

Douard F. 2007. Chalange in the Expanding French Pellet Market. ITEBE Pellet 2007 Conference.

Wells, Austria.

El Bassam N, Maegaard P. 2004. Integrated renewable energy on rural communities. Planning

guidelines, technologies and applications. Elsevier. Amsterdam.

Fantozzi S, and Buratti C. 2009. Life cycle assessment of biomass chains: Wood pellet from short

rotation coppice using data measured on a real plant. Biomass Energy 34 (2010):

1796-1804.

Franke M, Rey A. 2006. Pelleting Quality. World Grain 2006 May: 78-79. Di dalam Kaliyan N,

Morey R V. 2008. Factors Affecting Strength and Durability of Densified Biomass Product.

Biomass and Bioenergy. in Press.

Grover VI, Grover VK, Hogland W. 2002. Recovering Energy from Waste : Various Aspects (Eds).

Enfield: Science Publishers Inc.

34

Hahn B. 2004. Existing Guidelines and Quality Assurance for Fuel Pellets. Austria: Umbera.

Hartoyo. 1983. Pembuatan Arang dan Briket Arang secara Sederhana dari serbuk Gergaji dan Limbah

Industri Perkayuan. Seminar Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian atau Kehutanan sebagai

Sumber Energi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan, Bogor.

Haryadi P. 2003. Selamat Datang Industri Berbasis Padi : Harapan untuk Perum Bulog. Majalah

Pangan, No.41/ XII/ Juli.

Hendra D, Pari G. 2000. Penyempurnaan Teknologi Pengolahan Arang. Laporan Hasil Penelitian

Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan

Kehutan, Bogor.

Komarudin A, Irwanto AK. 1989. Energi dan Listrik Pertanian. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Kong, GT. 2010. Peran Biomassa Bagi Energi Terbarukan. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.

Larasati D. 2009. Uji Performansi Pengeringan Rumah Kaca (ERK) – Hybrid Tipe Rak Berputar

secara Vertikal untuk pengeringan Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) [Skripsi].

Bogor: Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Lehtikangas P. 2001. Quality properties of pelletised sawdust, logging residues and bark. Biomass and

Bioenergy 20(5): 351-360.

Lehtikangas P. 2009. Quality properties of fuel pellets from forest biomass. Licentiate thesis,

Department of Forest Management and Products, Report no. 4, Uppsala.

Liliana W. 2010. Peningkatan kualitas biopelet bungkil jarak pagar sebagai bahan bakar melalui

teknik karbonisasi [tesis]. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Mani S, Tabil LG, Sokhansanj S. 2004. Economics of producing fuel pellets from biomass. Applied

Engineering in Agriculture 22(3): 421 - 426.

Mani S, Tabil LG, Sokhansanj S. 2006. Effects of Compressive Force, Particle Size and Moisture

Content on Mechanical Properties of Biomass Pellets from Grasses. Biomass and

Bioenergy (30): 648 - 654.

Masturin A. 2002. Sifat fisik dan kimia briket arang dari campuran kayu, bambu, sabut kelapa, dan

tempurung kelapa sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan 25 :

242 - 255.

Natarajan E, Ganapathy SE. 2009. Pyrolisis of rice husk in a fixed bed reactor. World Academic of

Science, Engineering and Technology 56.

Nugrahaeni JI. 2008. Pemanfaatan limbah tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum l.) untuk bahan pembuat

briket sebagai bahan bakar alternatif [skripsi]. Bogor: Departemen Teknologi Industri

Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Nurhayati T. 1974. Catatan singkat tentang kualitas arang kayu sehubungan dengan kegunaannya.

Kehutanan Indonesia 1.

ONORM M 7135. 2004. Compressed wood in natural state or bark in natural state-pellets and

briquettes-requirements and test specifications. Austria: UMBERA.

[PFI] Pellet Fuel Institute. 2007. Pellets: Industry Specifics.

http://www.peletheat.org/3/industry/industryspecipics.html.

35

Prihandana R, Hendroko R. 2007. Energi Hijau. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.

Priyosulistyo HRC, Sudarmoko, Supriyadi B, Suhendro B, Sumardi P. 1999. Pemanfaatan Limbah

Abu Sekam Padi Untuk Peningkatan Mutu Beton. Laporan Penelitian Hibah Bersaing VI/2.

Yogyakarta: Lembaga Penelitian UGM.

Ramsay WS. 1982. Energy from Forest Biomass (Ed). New York: Academic Press, Inc.

Saptoadi H. 2006. The Best Biobriquette Dimension and its Particle Size. The 2nd

Joint International

Conference on “Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE 2006)” 21-23 November 2006.

Bangkok, Thailand.

Speigth JG. 2005. Handbook of Coal Analysis. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Sriyanti, Taslimah, Nuryono, Narsito. 2005. Sintesis Bahan Hibrida Amino-Silika dari Abu Sekam

Padi Melalui Proses Sol-Gel. Vol. VIII. No.1 April 2005.

SS 18 71 20. 2004. Quality parameter for fuel pellets. Swedia: National Standardization Institute.

Sudrajat R. 1984. Pengaruh kerapatan kayu, tekanan pengempaan, dan jenis perekat terhadap sifat

briket kayu. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 1 (1): 11-15.

Suyitno. 2009. Pengolahan sekam padi menjadi bahan bakar alternatif melalui proses pirolisis lambat.

Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah- Vol.7 No.2, Desember 2009.

Tim Penulis BDRST. 2008. Membangun Pabrik Biodiesel Skala Kecil. Depok: Penebar Swadaya.

Triono A. 2006. Karakteristik briket arang dari campuran serbuk gergajian kayu afrika (Maesopsis

emini engl.) dan sengon (Paraserianthes falcatira l. nielsen) dengan penambahan tepung

kelapa (Cocosnucifera l.) [skripsi]. Bogor. Departemen Hasil Hutan. Fakultas Kehutanan.

Institut Pertanian Bogor.

United Nations. 1994. United Nations, food and agriculture organization of the United Nations.

http://www.fao.org/docrep/T4470E/t4470e00.htm#Contents. [21 September 2011].

Widowati S. 2001. Pemanfaatan hasil samping penggilingan padi dalam menunjang sistem

agroindustri di pedesaan. Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan Bogor. Buletin

AgroBio 4(1) : 33-38.

Yaman S. 2004. Pyrolysis of biomass to produce fuels and chemical feedstocks. Chemical and

Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical

University, Istanbul.

Zamirza F. 2009. Pembuatan biopelet dari bungkil jarak pagar (Jathropa curcas l.) dengan

penambahan sludge dan perekat tapioka [Skripsi]. Bogor: Departemen Teknologi Industri

Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.