Dagmar Conservation Area

Terrestrial Biological Inventory and Assessment

January, 2008

Contact: Sue Hayes Toronto Region Conservation Authority

Ecology Division Monitoring and Reporting Section

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List of Contributors

• Paul Prior, Fauna Biologist • Kelly Purves, Flora Biologist • Natalie Iwanycki, Terrestrial Biologist • Sue Hayes, Project Coordinator Terrestrial Field Inventories • Patricia Moleirinho, G.I.S. Technologist

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Dagmar Study AreaTable of Contents

1.1 The Terrestrial Natural Heritage Program ................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Landscape Indicators ........................................................................................ 2 1.1.2 The Region Today ............................................................................................. 4 1.1.3 The Region in 100 Years ................................................................................... 4 1.1.4 Vegetation Communities and Species.............................................................. 5

1.2 Inventory Methodology............................................................................................. 5

2.0 Results and Discussion of Dagmar Study Area ........................................................... 6 2.1 Site Location; Floristic and Physiographic Regions ................................................ 6 2.2 Habitat Patch Findings for Dagmar Study Area....................................................... 7

2.2.1 Quality Distribution of Natural Cover................................................................. 7 2.2.2 Quantity of Natural Cover .................................................................................. 8

2.3 Vegetation Community Findings for Dagmar Study Area ....................................... 8 2.3.1 Vegetation Community Representation ............................................................ 8 2.3.2 Vegetation Communities of Concern ................................................................ 9

2.4 Flora Findings for Dagmar Study Area................................................................... 10 2.4.1 Flora Species Representation ......................................................................... 10 2.4.2 Flora Species of Concern................................................................................ 10

2.5 Fauna Findings for Dagmar Study Area................................................................. 12 2.5.1 Fauna Species Representation ....................................................................... 12 2.5.2 Fauna Species of Concern.............................................................................. 12

3.0 Recommendations...................................................................................................... 17 3.1 Summary................................................................................................................. 17 3.2 Site Recommendations .......................................................................................... 17

3.2.1 Quality Distribution Recommendations .......................................................... 20 3.2.2 Quantity Recommendations............................................................................ 21

4.0 References ................................................................................................................. 22

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Tables

Table 1: Habitat Patch Quality, Rank and Species Response........................................... 3 Table 2: Schedule of the TRCA Biological Surveys of the Dagmar Study Area, 2007 ..... 6 Table 3: Summary and Recommendations for the Dagmar Study Area by Indicator .... 18

Maps

Map 1: Dagmar Study Area in the Context of Regional Natural Cover ............................23 Map 2: Dagmar Study Area ...............................................................................................24 Map 3: Habitat Patch Size with Fauna Area Sensitivity Scores........................................25 Map 4: Interior Forest at Dagmar ......................................................................................26 Map 5: Scores for Matrix Influence and Flora Sensitivity to Development.......................27 Map 6: Scores for Matrix Influence and Fauna Sensitivity to Development.....................28 Map 7: Habitat Patch Quality.............................................................................................29 Map 8: Regional Natural System Habitat Patch Quality ...................................................30 Map 9: Distribution of Fauna Regional Species of Concern ............................................31 Map 10: Vegetation Communities with their Associated Local Ranks .............................32 Map 11: Locations of Flora Species of Concern...............................................................33 Map 12: Flora Habitat Dependence Scores......................................................................34 Map 13: Location of Fauna Species of Concern ..............................................................35 Map 14: Fauna Species of Concern Habitat Dependence Scores ..................................36

Appendices

Appendix 1: List of Vegetation Communities ....................................................................37 Appendix 2: List of Flora Species......................................................................................38 Appendix 3: List of Fauna Species....................................................................................39

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1.0 Introduction

This report describes the Dagmar Conservation Area in the context of the Terrestrial Natural Heritage Program of the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA). The question that the report addresses is “How does the area surveyed at the Dagmar Conservation Area fit within the regional natural system, and how should its contribution to this system be protected and maximized?” The important message outlined by this question is that the health of the natural system is measured at the regional scale and specific sites must be considered together for their benefits at all scales, from the site to the larger system. The TRCA has developed a Terrestrial Natural Heritage Systems Strategy for retaining and recovering natural heritage within its jurisdiction that incorporates target-setting at the regional level. A target system that identifies a land base for where natural cover should be restored is a key component of the Strategy (TRCA, 2007d). Although the objectives of the Strategy are based on making positive changes at all scales, the evaluation models were developed at the landscape scale using a combination of digital land cover mapping and field-collecteddata. Field-collected data also provides ground-level information in the application of the landscape models at the site scale. This report explains the results of vegetation community and flora and fauna species inventories conducted at Dagmar Conservation Area and, more importantly, will explain how this site-specific information fits into the regional Natural Heritage Strategy and targets.

The report is divided into several sections and sub-sections. The first section of the report includes this introduction followed by a sub-section providing background information on the Terrestrial Natural Heritage (TNH) Program. Section 1 is broad scoped. This information will assist the reader in understanding the science and rationale behind the Strategy and targets that are a key part of this program and the recommendations for this site. Also included in the first section of the report is the methodology for the collection of data pertaining to the site. Section 2 is site-focused.Having examined the regional context, our reporting now describes the site and the results and analysis of information collected through both remote-sensing and field surveys. Section 3 combines results from Sections 1 & 2 to provide recommendations for the site in context with the regional natural heritage strategy and targets.

1.1 The Terrestrial Natural Heritage Program

Rapid urban expansion in the TRCA jurisdiction has led to continuous incremental loss of natural cover and species. In a landscape that probably supported 95 percent forest cover prior to European settlement, current mapping shows that only about 16 percent forest and wetland cover remains. Agricultural and natural lands are increasingly being urbanised while species continue to disappear. This represents a substantial loss of ecological integrity and ecosystem function that would be exacerbated in the future according to trends.

In the late 1990s the TRCA initiated the Terrestrial Natural Heritage (TNH) Program to address terrestrial biodiversity loss in the nine watersheds that compose its jurisdiction.

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It based this work on two landscape-level indicators: the quality distribution and quantity of natural cover. These indicators summarize changes that occurred to the historical natural system. The aim of the program is to create a conservation strategy designed to both protect elements of the natural system (vegetation communities, floraand fauna species) before they become rare and to promote greater ecological function of the natural system as a whole. This aim is accomplished through the TNH Strategy by setting targets – both short and long term (100 years) - for the two “indicators” to provide direction in planning at all scales (TRCA, 2007b). The two indicators and the targets that have been set for them are explained below. It is important to understand that each of the two indicators is interdependent, for example, neither well-distributed, poor-quality natural cover, nor poorly-distributed good quality natural cover, achieves the desired conditions.

An example of the stress placed on the natural system is illustrated by a continent-wide study undertaken by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. The study showed that scarlet tanagers (Piranga olivacea) (a bird species that requires mature deciduous forests) are less area sensitive in a landscape that still has a high percentage of forest cover than in a landscape where overall forest cover has been greatly reduced (Rosenburg et al.,1999). This example demonstrates how important it is to view development and management at the broader regional scale rather than solely at the site-specific level. The important issue is the cumulative loss of natural cover in the TRCA region that has resulted from innumerable site-specific decisions.

1.1.1 Landscape Indicators

The quality distribution and quantity of natural cover in a region are important determinants of the species distribution, vegetation community health and the provision of ecosystem services in that region. As agricultural and urban land uses replace natural cover, diminishing proportions of various natural vegetation communities and reduced populations of native species remain. Unforeseen stresses are then exerted on the remaining flora and fauna in the natural heritage system and they become rarer and may eventually be at risk of extirpation. This pattern ultimately lowers the ability of the land to support biodiversity and to maintain or enhance the quality of human life (e.g. through increased pollution and decreased space for recreation).

Base Mapping

The first step in evaluating a natural system or an individual patch is to interpret and map land cover using ærial photographs. The basic unit for the evaluation at all scales is the individual habitat patch in the region, which are then combined and evaluated as a system at any scale. A habitat patch is a continuous piece of habitat, as determined from ærial photo interpretation. TRCA maps habitat according to four broad categories: forest, wetland, meadow, and coastal (beach, dune, or bluff). At the regional level, the TRCA jurisdiction is made up of thousands of habitat patches. This mapping of habitat patches in broad categories is conducted through remote-sensing and is used in the evaluation of quality, distribution and quantity. It should not be confused with the more

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detailed mapping of vegetation communities that is obtained through field surveys and that is used to ground-truth the evaluation (the latter follows in Section 2).

Quality Distribution of Natural Cover

Quality is not just viewed on its own across the watershed, distribution of this quality is considered at the same time. If the distribution of quality habitat is poor, then the distribution of species of concern will also be poor. Where these species occur there is often a high correlation to the range and quality of ecosystem services provided. Therefore, for a watershed to deliver the range of ecosystem services equally across the watershed and provide the habitat necessary to maintain a complex and dynamic terrestrial system, good quality habitat must be distributed evenly. By examining the quality of habitat across each subunit or subwatershed the distribution of quality habitat, or ‘quality distribution’ can be ascertained.

Each habitat patch is evaluated according to three criteria: size (the number of hectares occupied by the patch), shape (edge-to-area ratio), and matrix influence (measure of the positive and negative impacts from surrounding land use)(TRCA, 2007a). A total score for each patch is obtained through a weighted average of the scores for the three criteria. This total score is used as a surrogate for the ‘quality’ of a habitat patch and is translated into a local rank (L-rank) ranging from L1-L5 based on the range of possible total scores from 3 to 15 points. Of these L-ranks, L1 represents the highest quality habitat and L5 the poorest.

Species presence or absence correlates to habitat patch size, shape and matrix influence (patch quality)(Kilgour, 2003). The quality target is based on attaining a quality of habitat patch throughout the natural system that would support in the very long term a broad range of biodiversity, more specifically a quality that would support the region’s fauna Species of Conservation Concern (Table 1).

Regional Target: The target for quality distribution is to increase the quality of patches in all subwatersheds while promoting the “good quality” (L2) average regionally.

Table 1: Habitat Patch Quality, Rank and Species Response

Size, Shape and Matrix Patch Rank Fauna Species of Concern Excellent L1 Generally Found Good L2 Generally Found Fair L3 Generally Found Poor L4 Generally Not Found Very Poor L5 Generally Not Found

In addition to the three criteria that make up the total habitat patch score, another important measure to consider in assessing habitat patch quality is forest interior, i.e. the amount of forest habitat that is greater than 100 meters from the edge of the forest

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patch, using 100 meter increments. A recognized distance for deep interior conditions occurs at 400 meters from the patch edge. Such conditions are a habitat requirement for several sensitive fauna species.

Quantity of Natural Cover

The quantity target is largely the amount of forest and wetland cover necessary to achieve the quality distribution targets.

Regional Target: The quantity target of 30 per cent is the minimum forest and wetlandcover required for the “good quality” average to be distributed where possible in the TRCA jurisdiction. (TRCA, 2007d).

Based on 2002 orthophotography, 25% of the land area in the TRCA jurisdiction consists of natural cover. Although historically, the region would have consisted of up to 95% forest cover, today only about 15% is covered by forest (the remaining natural cover is mostly meadow or old field). Of the non-natural cover (i.e. the remaining 75%), 48% is urban and 27% is rural/agricultural.

1.1.2 The Region Today

The regional level analysis of habitat patches shows that the present average patch quality across the TRCA jurisdiction is “fair” (L3); forest and wetland cover is contained largely in the northern half of the TRCA jurisdiction, especially on the Oak Ridges Moraine; and the quantity is 16 per cent of the surface area of the TRCA jurisdiction. Thus the existing system stands below the targets that have been set. It becomes increasingly important to recognise that all site-based decisions contribute to the condition of a region.

1.1.3 The Region in 100 Years

The targets for quality distribution and quantity fall short of the historic pre-settlement condition, which was likely an “excellent” patch quality (L1 rank) on average, with an even distribution and 100 per cent natural cover. Those historical conditions are not the regional vision any more than 100 per cent urban is desirable; rather, the goal is to promote natural cover in a city region where urban communities, agriculture and natural cover function together as an ecosystem. The targets represent an important move toward the sustainability of regional biodiversity. Achieving the targets would reverse the current trend of declining species and vegetation communities and would improve the system’s quality sufficiently to offset many impacts from further urban growth and intensification.

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1.1.4 Vegetation Communities and Species

While the targets for the natural heritage system are derived from regional-scale information, the site surveys at the ground-truthing level provide important information that can be used in conjunction with the targets to plan decisions at the site level. A key component of the ground-truthing surveys is the scoring and ranking of vegetation communities and flora and fauna species to generate L-ranks (L1-L5) (TRCA, 2007e). Vegetation community scores and ranks are based on two criteria: local occurrence and the number of geophysical requirements or factors on which they depend. Flora species are scored using four criteria: local occurrence, population trend, habitat dependence, and sensitivity to impacts associated with development. Fauna species are scored based on seven criteria: local occurrence, local population trend, continent-wide population trend, habitat dependence, sensitivity to development, area-sensitivity, and mobility restriction. With the use of this ranking system, communities or species of regional concern, ranked L1-L3, now replace the idea of rare communities or species. Rarity (local occurrence) is still considered but is now one of many criteria that make up the L-ranks, making it possible to recognize communities or species of regional concern before they have become rare. As shown in Map 9, fauna species of regional concern are generally absent from the urban matrix.

Conservation efforts need to be exercised before a vegetation community or species becomes rare, since much of the damage is irreversible once a community or species is considered rare. This is why the regional targets are relevant at the site scale where cumulative impacts occur. In addition to the L1-L3 species, a large number of currently common or secure species at the regional level are considered of concern in the urban context. These are the species identified with a conservation rank of L4. Although L4 species are widespread and frequently occur in relatively intact urban sites, they are vulnerable to long-term declines.

1.2 Inventory Methodology

A biological inventory of the Dagmar Conservation Area was conducted at the levels of habitat patch, vegetation community, and species (flora and fauna) according to the TRCA data collection methodology (TRCA, 2007c). Habitat patch mapping was excerpted from the regional 2002 mapping of broadly-defined patch categories (forest, wetland, meadow and coastal) and used in the analysis for the Dagmar study area.

Vegetation communities were surveyed in 2001 and flora species were surveyed both in 2001 and 2007 (Table 2). Vegetation community designations were based on the Ecological Land Classification (ELC) and determined to the level of vegetation type (Lee et al., 1998). Community boundaries were outlined onto printouts of 2005 digital ortho-rectified photographs (ortho-photos) to a scale of 1:2000 and then digitized in ArcView. Flora regional species of concern (species ranked L1-L3) were mapped as point data with approximate number of individuals seen.

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Fauna data were collected in April and June/July, 2007. The spring survey searched primarily for frog species of regional concern but recorded incidentally the presence of any early spring nocturnal bird species (owls and American woodcocks). The summer surveys were concerned primarily with the mapping of breeding bird species of regional concern. Songbirds are surveyed in June/July in order to obtain breeding bird data and to exclude migrants. The methodology for identifying confirmed and possible breeding birds follows Cadman et al. (1987). Fauna regional species of concern (species ranked L1-L3) were mapped as point data.

Table 2: Schedule of the TRCA Biological Surveys of the Dagmar Study Area, 2007

Survey Item Dates Time (hours)

Patch/Landscape 2002 ortho-photos 21 hours

Vegetation Communities & Flora Species

2,7,8 May, 6,7,13,18,25 June, 11,16 Sept. 2007, 16,18,19,20,27 Jul., 2,17 Aug. 2001, 19 Oct. 1999

119 hours

Frogs & Wetland Birds April 2 and 19, 2007 2.5 hours

Breeding Songbirds 8 and 12 June, 3 and 7 July, 2007.

20 hours

2.0 Results and Discussion of Dagmar Study Area

Section 2 provides the information collected for habitat patch, vegetation community, and species (flora and fauna) and its analysis in the context of the TNH strategy. Sub-section 2.1 gives an overview of the site location and general information about the site. Further sub-sections will present the findings and analysis under the headings of habitat patch, vegetation communities, flora species, and fauna species.

2.1 Site Location; Floristic and Physiographic Regions

The Dagmar Study Area is in the Duffins Creek watershed in the town of Uxbridge in the region of Durham (Maps 1 & 2) in the Uxbridge Forest Kames ANSI and ESA. The study area mainly consists of TRCA property; wherever access was granted onto private lands, these properties have been included. The boundaries of the study area are Chalk Lake Road to the north, 7th Concession to the west, the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline to the south, and Lakeridge Road to the east.

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The site lies within the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence floristic region, composed of mixed coniferous-deciduous forest. The rolling topography is complex. The entire survey area lies on the Oak Ridges Moraine (ORM) physiographic region characterized, for the most part, by sandy or gravely materials (Chapman and Putnam, 1984). There is a variability of substrate texture from well drained silts and sands to organics. The study area is part of the “rain barrel” of the GTA and surface permeability is generally fairly high. In and around the provincially significant wetland – Glen Major Wetland Complex (in the south western portion) there is groundwater discharge where there is a headwater stream and many ground flora indicative of groundwater seepage (see section 2.4.2).

2.2 Habitat Patch Findings for Dagmar Study Area

The following details the Dagmar Study Area according to the two natural system indicators used in designing the Terrestrial Natural Heritage System Strategy: the quality distribution and quantity of natural cover. Analysis was based on 2002 ortho-photos.

2.2.1 Quality Distribution of Natural Cover

The Duffins Creek Watershed has the least percent urban land use in the TRCA jurisdiction. The site is in an important location and is of significant size, conferring both a degree of forest interior and connectivity of natural cover along the ORM.

Habitat Patch Size and Shape

At the Dagmar Study Area, the majority of the habitat patches – forest habitat - receives an “excellent” score for patch size meaning that it scores 5 out of a possible 5 points (i.e. at least 250 ha for forests or 20 ha for wetlands - see Map 3). This does not apply to the meadow components within the study area, but the high ranking for forest habitat implies that there are forest patches of sufficient size to accommodate many of the area sensitive fauna species. Note that the site itself covers only 208 ha but the forest habitat is continuous with forest to the south of the site.

On the other hand, the over all shape of the forest habitat at Dagmar is rather uneven, scoring two out of five points (“poor”, L4). This is of considerably less concern given the large size of the patches in question, although certainly this factor reduces the available forest interior habitat at Dagmar. The main forest habitat patch at the study area is large enough to accommodate a large area of forest interior beyond 200 metres (Map 4); however, the meadow and successional habitats that are dispersed through the block disrupt the forest habitat patch shape, preventing larger forest interior patches from occurring.

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Habitat Patch Matrix Influence

Analysis based on the 2002 ortho-photos shows that the habitat in the study area receives a “good” matrix influence (i.e. scores four out of a possible five points, see Maps 5 & 6). This can be attributed to the mix of natural and agricultural land that dominates the surrounding landscape.

Habitat Patch Total Score

Map 7 habitat patch total score shows that the Dagmar study area is entirely “green” or “good” quality. The habitat quality at the site is thus better than the average condition in the TRCA jurisdiction and should support Species and Vegetation Communities of Regional Concern (Map 8).

2.2.2 Quantity of Natural Cover

The Duffins Creek watershed is approximately 28,653 hectares in size containing 37.2% natural cover, including 7245 hectares as forest (25.3%) and 573 hectares as wetland (2%). Area calculations based on 2005 orthophotos show that the Dagmar Study Area occupies 208 hectares including 181 ha of natural cover. This amounts to approximately 2% of the total natural cover in the Duffins watershed. According to ELC inventory, 117.5 ha of the Dagmar Study Area are forest, 26.2 ha are wetland, 4.4 ha are aquatic, 7.4 ha are successional and 25.9 ha are meadow.

2.3 Vegetation Community Findings for Dagmar Study Area

2.3.1 Vegetation Community Representation

The geology and topography of the Dagmar Study Area, along with a range of historic and current land uses (e.g. agriculture, recreation) are reflected in the vegetation communities (Appendix 1; Map 10). The northeast part of the site starts off well drained and as one walks southwest the terrain becomes more even and the wetlands appear along with the headwater streams. A total of 35 different ELC vegetation community types were described for the site. Polygon size ranges well under one hectare (some of the wetlands) to large expanses of deciduous forest. One of these vegetation communities was recorded solely as an inclusion within another community.

Dagmar supports 14 types or communities of forest with more deciduous than coniferous types (most of the latter are white pine plantations). Mature deciduous forests of sugar maple are found in the north and west portions of the site. The only naturally occurring coniferous forest type is lowland cedar (FOC4-1) at a mere 1.75 ha. Forest types younger in age include upland white birch or poplar forests and plantations dominated either by white pine, black locust, or red pine.

Wetlands occupy a relatively large share of the site: 26.2 ha over half of which are

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organic cedar swamps. More of the land in the southwest was originally either cedar swamp or lowland forest prior to damning the headwaters. Other wetland examples include hemlock mineral swamps and a mixed cedar-deciduous mineral swamp. There are also some small mineral marshes and one organic cattail marsh. Aquatic habitats, full of waterweed (SAS1-2), are due to the dammed headwaters that are maintained by the local angling club and landowners.

Areas subjected to past clearing include meadow, dominated by tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima) with an admixture of other native forbs and European cool-season grasses. Another 7 ha are in various stages of succession, mostly thickets with a small white pine savannah. There was likely pasture once on these cleared lands judging from surrounding land uses.

2.3.2 Vegetation Communities of Concern

The vegetation communities that occur in the TRCA jurisdiction are scored and given a local rank from L1 to L5. Vegetation communities with a rank of L1 to L3 are considered of regional concern. The ranks are based on two criteria: local distribution and geophysical requirements (TRCA, 2007e).

Ten of the 35 vegetation communities are of regional concern (Appendix 1; Map 10). The hemlock mineral swamp is the only L2, the other polygons are L3: the white pine savannah CUS1-A2 and most of the wetlands and aquatic types.

Five of the vegetation communities of concern have restricted local distribution (generally, they are restricted to six or fewer of the forty-four 10x10 km squares that encompass the TRCA jurisdiction). White pine (CUS1-A2) is usually less prominent in succession (at least in recent decades) than are deciduous trees such as ash and treed swamp communities with hemlock or birch as dominants (SWC2-2 and SWD4-4) are more uncommon, white cedar being much more dominant regionally.

The geophysical requirements of communities in the TRCA jurisdiction make up the second criteria of the community L-rank. Vegetation communities develop under certain site conditions and may be restricted to particular locations based on slope aspect, hydrology, soil character (e.g. structure and nutrient status), and dynamic processes (e.g. erosion and flooding). The vegetation communities at Dagmar tend to score nil to low in this respect. However, the swamps that have a coniferous component of hemlock or cedar (SWC2-2 and SWC3-1) are associated with cool, sheltered areas, often associated with cool headwater streams on the moraine. The organic marshes are dependant on the build up of deep organic soils and groundwater seeps.

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2.4 Flora Findings for Dagmar Study Area

2.4.1 Flora Species Representation

A total of 274 naturally-occurring flora species were found at the Dagmar study area during the 2001 and 2007 field seasons supplemented by two records collected in 1999 by the Ministry of Natural Resources (Appendix 2). Of the 221 native species, 91 are of regional concern (L1-L3) (Map 11).

2.4.2 Flora Species of Concern

As with vegetation communities, flora species are considered of regional concern in the TRCA jurisdiction if they rank L1-L3 based on their scores for four criteria: local occurrence; population trend; habitat dependence; and sensitivity to development impacts. Most of the flora species of concern are not rare plants per se, since few of them rank as provincially rare (S1-S3); however, they are of conservation concern due to their sensitivity to development and restriction to certain habitats or certain areas within the TRCA region. L4 ranked communities and species are considered to be of concern within the urban portion of the jurisdiction.

Many of the flora species of concern (87 in total) are associated with specific vegetation communities; consequently, they are highly susceptible to changes in these communities. They score relatively high in habitat dependence (Appendix 2)(Map 12). Roughly, they are found in 7 or fewer community cohorts (groupings of vegetation communities) (TRCA, 2007e). For example, shinleaf (Pyrola elliptica), hobblebush (Viburnum lantanoides), downy Solomon’s seal (Polygonatum pubescens), and many of the fern species are associated with the more mature forests on site; silvery glade fern (Deparia acrotichoides) is found only in moist mature forests. Wetland obligates include bulrushes (Scirpus spp.) and waterweed (Elodea canadensis). Clinton’s wood fern (Dryopteris clintoniana) and pink wood sorrel (Oxalis acetosella ssp. montana) are generally in swamps but sometimes in cool, moist forests. The asters (A. urophyllus, A. oolentangiensis), along with blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium montanum) are characteristic of the open or semi-open habitats.

Ninety-one species of concern are affected by sensitivity to development impacts, scoring 3 or more for this criterion (Appendix 2). These impacts are indirect ones emanating from the surrounding land use or matrix influence (Map 5). The high number of sensitive species present on site is due to the sheltered character of the forest and the relative lack of public access or intrusion onto the site. Areas that have a history of land use disturbance, including agriculture, have fewer sensitive species. Several indirect impacts that could impact the vegetation character of the site are discussed below.

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Hydrological changes from nearby development can include drainage and drying or flooding from impeded drainage and increased stormwater. There are major seep areas at Dagmar in the southwest portion, where a large number of sensitive flora are found such as naked mitrewort (Mitella nuda), Carex scabrata, and nodding woodreed (Cinna latifolia). Hemlock and most of the fern species should also be considered sensitive to subtle changes in hydrological regime.

Pollution of the air or changes to soil through nutrient-laden runoff alter the habitat and affect sensitive species such as white pine, hemlock, and tamarack.

Disturbance caused by development and increased recreational use also facilitates the spread of invasive species. Dog-strangling vine (Cynanchum rossicum) is already abundant in parts of Dagmar, mainly in the eastern quarter where most of the recreation takes place and in plantations. Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is only in small infestations, but can be expected to spread rapidly with trails and recreational use. Many native plants, especially when subjected to other stresses, cannot compete with invasives. For example, low bindweed (Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spithamaea) and many of the woodland sedges (Carex spp.) are smaller and slower-growing than a number of invasive alien species. Disease and pests are another disturbance - Butternut (Juglans cinerea) being a good example of disease severity. It is now considered endangered in Canada because of an introduced canker disease that is rapidly killing off most individuals across its range. There were 44 trees found, approximately 16 of which were killed. There was one individual isolated from the rest that appeared unaffected by the canker.

Alteration of disturbance regimes can lead to the extirpation of species that require some kinds of disturbance. For example, hoary vervain (Verbena stricta) and blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium montanum) require open habitats that may result from either grazing or natural fire. On the other hand, the saprophytic Indian pipe and pinesap (Monotropa spp.) require natural and undisturbed litter accumulation.

Increased access and use also involves increased trampling and soil compaction. Species that have a delicate stem and/or produce only a single set of leaves per growing season, such as rose twisted stalk (Streptopus roseus) and trillium are susceptible to trampling. Many forest ground flora are in this category.

Finally, a few species are directly targeted by people for collection as edibles or for planting in their gardens. Wild leek (Allium tricoccum) is often eaten and trillium has showy flowers often collected for garden use.

In response to loss of habitat and stresses from land use changes, susceptible flora exhibits a declining population trend and may become rare or even extirpated. Because of urbanization, most native flora species in the Toronto area are suspected to be undergoing slight declines as the total land base becomes smaller. Species that are considered rare according to the local occurrence criterion are found in fewer than 7 of the 44 10x10 km grid squares that cover the TRCA jurisdiction. Some of these include few-nerved wood sedge (Carex leptonervia), low bindweed (Calystegia spithamaea) and Back’s sedge (Carex backii).

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2.5 Fauna Findings for Dagmar Study Area

2.5.1 Fauna Species Representation

The TRCA fauna surveys at the Dagmar Study Area in 2007 documented a total of 65 bird species, seven mammals, and six amphibian species. Thus the total number of breeding fauna species is 78. Refer to Appendix 3 for a list of the fauna species and their corresponding L-ranks.

2.5.2 Fauna Species of Concern

Fauna species, like vegetation communities and flora species, are considered of regional concern if they rank L1-L3 based on their scores for the seven criteria mentioned in section 1.1.4. As with flora, this is a pro-active, preventive approach, identifying where conservation efforts need to be made before a species becomes rare. Because the Dagmar Study Area is an entirely rural site, L4 species are not considered to be of concern and are therefore not included in this discussion.

Fauna surveys at the Dagmar Study Area have reported a total of 24 L1- L3 bird species which consists of three L2 species (broad-winged hawk (Buteo platypterus), wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) and veery (Catharus fuscescens)) and twenty-one L3 species (including ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius), blue-winged warbler (Vermivora ruficapilla), yellow-rumped warbler (Dendroica coronata) and scarlet tanager). In addition there are four herpetofauna (three L2 and one L3) and one mammal species (hairy-tailed mole – Parascalops breweri) of concern, bringing the total to 29 fauna species of regional concern. There is also one unranked bird species that was new for the TRCA fauna database (summer tanager - Piranga rubra, a singing male was present on the 12th of June). Locations of these breeding fauna species are depicted on Map 13. Appendix 3 lists all of the fauna species reported from the study area, together with their associated ranks and scores.

Local occurrence is one of seven scoring criteria for fauna and is based on TRCA data and information from the Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR). Using local occurrence as a measure of regional rarity, any species that is reported as a probable or confirmed breeder in fewer than ten of the forty-four 10 km squares in the TRCA jurisdiction is considered regionally rare (i.e. scores 3-5 points for this criterion). In the study area there are 10 species of regional concern (i.e. ranked L1 – L3) that are considered regionally rare including broad-winged hawk, blue-headed vireo (Vireo solitarius), and yellow-bellied sapsucker. The currently unranked summer tanager also falls into this list of regional rarities, the Dagmar record constituting the only breeding season record of this species in the region. As is the case with flora, most regionally rare fauna species have other associated factors that explain their vulnerability and need to be taken into account in conservation strategies.

Sensitivity to development is another criterion used to determine the L-rank of fauna species. A large number of impacts that result from local land use, both urban and

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agricultural, can affect the local fauna. These impacts - considered separately from the issue of actual habitat loss - can be divided into two distinct categories. The first category involves changes that arise from local urbanization that directly affect the breeding habitat of the species in question. These changes alter the composition and structure of the vegetation communities; for example, the clearing and manicuring of the habitat (e.g. by removal of dead wood and clearance of shrub understorey). The second category of impacts involves changes that indirectly affect individuals of the species in question. Examples include increased predation from an increase in the local population of predator species that thrive alongside human developments (e.g. blue jays, crows, squirrels, raccoons, and house cats); parasitism (from the facilitating of brown-headed cowbird access, a species which prefers more open, edge-type habitat); competition (for nest-cavities with bird species such as house sparrows and Eurasian starlings); flushing (causing disturbance and abandonment of nest); and sensitivity to pesticides.

Fauna species are considered to have a high sensitivity to development if they score 3 or more points (out of a possible five) for this criterion. In the Study Area, all of the 29 species that are ranked L1-L3 receive this score and are therefore considered sensitive to one or more of the impacts associated with development (Map 6). These species are currently at this site because the surrounding matrix is still almost entirely natural and agricultural.

The tendency for trail development to be accompanied by the clearing and tidying of woodlands and thickets in the vicinity would dramatically disrupt any species that are dependent on such understory habitat for nesting or foraging, and certainly many of the sensitive species have such specific requirements. Furthermore, increased trail density and trail use would require greater vigilance regarding hazard trees, requiring the removal of much standing dead-wood and the pre-emptive removal of diseased and dieing trees. Unfortunately, such management policies are entirely at odds with management for fauna biodiversity since many species are highly dependent on the presence of such features for foraging and the provision of nest cavities (e.g. pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), yellow-bellied sapsucker, brown creeper (Certhia americana), eastern screech-owl (Otus asio) and barred owl (Strix varia) – the latter two species breed on the neighbouring Glen Major properties).

Several of the bird species found nest low in the ground vegetation or on the ground and as such are highly susceptible both to increased predation from ground-foraging predators (house cats, raccoons) and to repeated flushing from the nest (by pedestrians, off-trail bikers and dogs) resulting in abandonment and failed breeding attempts. Such sensitive forest-bird species include ruffed grouse, wild turkey, veery (Catharus fuscescens), black-and-white warbler (Mniotilta varia), blue-winged warbler, Nashville warbler (Vermivora ruficapilla), ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus) and eastern towhee (Pipilo erythropthalmus). In addition, open habitat species which breed in neighbouring meadows – bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) and field sparrow (Spizella pusilla) - are also ground-nesters and would likewise be severely affected by any increase in pedestrian or dog traffic within their habitat. Various studies have shown that many bird species react negatively to human intrusion (i.e. the mere presence of people) to the extent that nest-

14

abandonment and decreased nest-attentiveness lead to reduced reproduction and survival. One example of such a study showed that abundance was 48% lower for hermit thrushes (Catharus guttatus)(a ground-nesting/foraging species) in intruded sites than in the control sites, a site being a one-hectare circle (Gutzwiller, 1999). Elsewhere, a recent study reported that dog-walking in natural habitats caused a 35% reduction in bird-diversity and a 41% reduction in abundance, with even higher impacts on ground-nesting species (University of New South Wales, 2007).

Human-induced changes in hydrology are unlikely to occur on this site and there are very few wetlands in the more upland portions of the study area. Nevertheless, any development that leads to a change in the moisture regimes within the forest habitat, for example, trail openings resulting in an increase in the occurrence of drier edge-type habitat, will certainly affect the biodiversity of the site, increasing opportunities for some less sensitive species but reducing the opportunities for species that prefer a more interior-type forest habitat (e.g. wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) and ovenbird). Species that prefer even more moist conditions are to be found in the forest cover in the vicinity of the pond on the west side of the site with species such as northern waterthrush (Seiurus noveboracensis) and veery restricted to this area.

The study area presently supports small populations of wood frog (Rana sylvatica),spring peeper (Pseudacris crucifer) and gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor), although the majority of the observations were of adults outside of the breeding season utilizing the upland forest as summer foraging habitat. The majority of these animals no doubt migrate to breeding ponds at or beyond the edge of the study area; there was a particularly large concentration of breeding wood frogs and spring peepers on either side of Concession 7 to the south of the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline situated over 1500 metres from the summering individuals found in the study area. The only closer breeding evidence was of a small population of spring peepers using a pond on the southern edge of the eastern block of the study area close to Lakeridge Road. It therefore remains something of a mystery as to where the three species are breeding, although it does seem that populations are rather low. Breeding is unlikely in the fish ponds on the western edge of the site since the wood frogs and peepers tend to avoid ponds with fish present.

Area sensitivity is another of the seven criteria that are used to determine the local rank for fauna. Fauna species are scored for area sensitivity based on their requirement for a certain minimum size of preferred habitat. Species that require large tracts of habitat (>100 ha in total) score the maximum five points, while species that either show no minimum habitat requirement, or require < 1 ha in total, score one point. Species scoring three points or more (require 5+ ha in total) are deemed area sensitive species. As mentioned in section 1.1, researchers have shown that for some species of birds area sensitivity is dependent and varying inversely with the overall percentage forest cover within the landscape surrounding the site where those species are found (Rosenburg et al., 1999).

A total of 23 of the 29 fauna species of regional concern that occur in the study area are considered area sensitive (Map 3). Three of these species - broad-winged hawk, wild turkey and black-and-white warbler - are scored as requiring more than 100 ha of

15

natural habitat. This requirement is certainly satisfied by the natural cover at the study area and even more so when combined with the neighbouring blocks of the Glen Major complex. It is for this reason that perhaps several other species should also be considered since species such as barred owl (which breed throughout Glen Major) no doubt utilize the study area as part of their home range. The other 20 species require in excess of 5 ha of natural habitat and the habitat patches at the study area currently fill such a requirement to the extent that several of these species are well-represented by multiple territories: ovenbird, scarlet tanager and pine warbler (Dendroica pinus) held 30, 12 and 11 territories respectively during the 2007 field-season.

Patch-size constraints are due to a variety of factors including foraging requirements and the need for isolation within a habitat block. In the latter case, regardless of the provision of a habitat patch of sufficient size, if that block is seriously and frequently disturbed by human intrusion such species will be liable to abandon the site. This is particularly true of ground-nesting and ground-foraging species such as wild turkey, ruffed grouse and ovenbird. Large raptors also require an undisturbed site in which to nest successfully; the Glen Major complex as a whole is the richest area within the TRCA jurisdiction for such species, supporting several pairs of barred owl, red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and broad-winged hawk. The latter species is represented by a single pair at the Dagmar Study Area, an occupied nest having been found on the southern side of the main forest block.

Mobility restriction in fauna measures the physical ability or the predisposition of a species to move about within the landscape and is related to the connectivity of habitat within a landscape. Adults foraging for food during the nestling and fledgling stage of the breeding season are one example of a reason for this requirement. By maintaining and improving the connectivity of natural cover within the landscape (e.g. by reforestation of intervening lands) we are able to positively influence the populations of such species, improving their foraging and dispersal potential. As patch size (related to area sensitivity) and total percentage natural cover within the landscape increases, mobility tends to become less of an issue either because the habitat patches are large enough to accommodate all of the life requirements of the various species, or because the sheer density of natural habitat patches within a given landscape precludes any detrimental isolation.

Nevertheless, it should be considered that even in landscapes where there are large areas of habitat, narrow expanses of developed terrain interspersed throughout the habitat (e.g. roads and wide trails) can create mobility issues particularly for smaller terrestrial species such as frogs, salamanders, moles. In this respect the score for mobility restriction does not address the issue of species that habitually - and as a part of their life-cycle - move across a variety of habitat types. Such species will readily cross open ground but in so doing expose themselves to potentially fatal encounters with predators and vehicular traffic. This is particularly true of highly mobile amphibian such as wood frog, spring peeper and gray treefrog.

Fauna species that score greater than three points under the habitat dependence criterion are considered habitat specialists. These species exhibit a combination of very

16

specific habitat requirements that range from the microhabitat (e.g. decaying logs, aquatic vegetation), through requirements for particular moisture conditions, vegetation structure or spatial landscape structures, to preferences for certain community series and macro-habitat types. Many species prefer forest habitat, but more importantly several of them require forest-habitat with an interior component.

Within the list of L1- L3 fauna species occurring at Dagmar there are 12 species that score 3 or more points for Habitat Dependence (Map 14). These species – including wild turkey, veery, blackburnian warbler (Dendroica fusca) (all scoring 4 points), broad-winged hawk, ovenbird and scarlet tanager - are dependent on fairly specific forest habitat characteristics. Ovenbird, for example, has a requirement for a relatively intact layer of leaf-litter in which to construct a nest; wild turkeys require mast-trees within their home range, a feature of mature deciduous forests. Any changes to the local habitat such as the age characteristics of a forest or changes in hydrology may negatively impact species that are habitat specialists.

Representation is essentially the presence or absence of a species at a site. However, beyond mere representation of single species is the idea that a natural system can be considered as a healthy functioning system if there is an association of several species thriving within that system. Each habitat type supports particular species associations. As the quality of the habitat patch improves so will the representation of flora and fauna species within that habitat. In this way representative bio-diversity is an excellent measure of the health of a natural system. The presence of several habitat dependent species, in particular species that are dependent on healthy forest understorey, indicates that the forest habitat is functioning at a relatively high level.

A cursory glance at the rest of the Glen Major complex certainly suggests that the Dagmar Study Area is of a similar over all quality with respect to biodiversity and species representation. However, some species are less well-represented (e.g. yellow-rumped warbler and golden-crowned kinglet (Regulus satrapa)) while other species have their highest densities within the Dagmar Study Area (e.g. black-throated green warbler – Dendroica virens). This may be due to small differences in habitat type and condition but is also possibly due to annual fluctuations in total breeding numbers for various species; comparison between the various portions of the Glen Major complex would need to be based on surveys conducted in the same season. Nevertheless, as just one example, it is apparent that the pine plantation component in the northern area of the Glen Major complex has more extensive areas of mature trees which doubtless accommodate specialists such as the aforementioned yellow-rumped warbler and golden-crowned kinglet. It would be interesting to analyse the local distribution of fauna points throughout the complex so as to better understand how various habitat types are recruiting fauna species, thereby allowing for better long-term management of the biodiversity of the site.

17

3.0 Recommendations

The recommendations for the Dagmar Study Area are given in relation to the regional targets for natural heritage in the TRCA jurisdiction (see section 1.1.3, also (TRCA, 2007d). To reach the regional targets for quality distribution and quantity of natural cover, every site will require its own individualized plan of action. Following is a short summary of Dagmar within the regional context, followed by specific recommendations for the site.

3.1 Summary

Located in the largely natural and agricultural landscape of the Oak Ridges Moraine in the north-east corner of the TRCA jurisdiction, the Glen Major complex is perhaps the richest and most significant block of natural cover in the region. The study area constitutes about 1/8 of the Glen Major complex, and likewise about 1/8 of the total TRCA properties in this area. As such, it contributes a very significant amount of natural habitat to the landscape, and it is certainly the high percent of natural cover within this corner of the region that enables several highly sensitive species to persist. Nowhere else in the region, for example, is there such a high concentration of large avian predators; and the study area itself supports such regional rarities as yellow-bellied sapsucker and blue-headed vireo. Given the site’s close association with the rest of the high quality Glen Major complex it is highly likely that neighbouring species such as barred owl and red-shouldered hawk, hooded and black-throated blue warbler, could be recruited as breeding species in any given year. The western portion of the site contains minimal trails and likely does not receive the same recreational impact as the east side.

The study area is largely forest cover, scoring “good” (L2) for forest habitat patch quality (Map 7). The forest and wetland communities are made up of high quality patches and there is substantial mature forest supporting a diverse group of sensitive species. The meadow habitat supports several important fauna species.

3.2 Site Recommendations

The following table illustrates the contributions made by the Dagmar Study Area toward the quality distribution and quantity indicators, along with site-specificrecommendations for potential improvements. It is important when considering the indicators in Table 3 to keep in mind the varying degrees of interdependence between them. These indicators have been selected as a means for describing important aspects of a natural system, a system that exists as a whole, encompassing a network of closely related and inter-dependent factors. It would be incorrect and misleading to view any one of these indicators in isolation from the others.

18

Table 3: Summary and Recommendations for the Dagmar Study Area by Indicator

INDICATOR DAGMAR STUDY AREA SUMMARY

RECOMMENDATIONS

Quality Distribution

Size,Shape, & ForestInterior

23 area-sensitive forest-fauna species, three of which require in excess of 100 ha of forest

selectively restore forest habitat in some of the open patches within the study area to increase habitat interior & improve size. This would improve the opportunities for interior species such as wood thrush. Note that some of the larger meadows hold significant species such as grasshopper sparrow and bobolink.

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MatrixInfluence

Matrix is largely natural with some agriculture, interspersed with fairly extensive low-density residential. These mixed land-uses combine for a total matrix influence score of 4 out of 5 (good). A large amount of matrix impact is exerted through visitor pressure – involving both local residents and visitors from further afield – on the trail system.- all of the 91 floraspecies of concern are sensitive to development

- all of the 29 fauna species of concern are sensitive to development

Located in north-east section of TRCA jurisdiction where there is little urbanization.

Mitigate impacts of public use: Design trail system that continues to avoid the western portion of the site and allows significant biodiversity of the area to thrive Implement and enforce by-laws requiring proper trail use Cluster trails to perimeter in more disturbed area to the east with buffer zone

Encourage stewardship from neighbouring landowners:

Buffer nearby agricultural land and support Best Management Practices (BMPs) Work with landowners to mitigate or remove damns and other disturbances to natural cover Prevent further invasive species spread into high-quality natural areas, especially the mature forests. Manage dog-strangling vine, black locust, garlic mustard and European buckthornRetain and restore natural cover using the target system

TRCA region can retain range of flora, fauna, and communities only if we protect the diverse parts of jurisdiction such as this one.

Quantity The study area contains 181 ha of natural cover. This contributes 1.7% to the total natural cover within the Duffins watershed. Of this, 117.5 ha are forest that amount to 1.6 % of the watershed total. There are 30 ha of wetland and aquatic communities

Maintenance of the terrestrial natural heritage system at Dagmar will ensure that habitat is available for recruitment of additional individuals and species of flora and fauna as quality improves

Maintain/enhance continuous links between habitat patches

Judicious positioning of restoration projects will have far reaching effects on all other Indicator categories.

20

3.2.1 Quality Distribution Recommendations

If any one of the three landscape measures (size, shape or matrix influence) within the study area were to be diminished, the area would decline in habitat patch total score, perhaps to the extent of introducing “fair” quality patches into the area (i.e. the next category down). Efforts should be made to maintain or even improve the habitat patch total score of the study area, bolstering this highly significant area to afford sufficient resilience to any future developments in the local landscape.

Optimize Patch Size & Shape, Forest Interior

The larger the habitat block, the more resilient the fauna and flora communities are to developments within the landscape. Restoration of currently open areas adjacent to and within the study area will enhance the overall size of the continuous forest block on the site, leading in turn to an increase in the forest interior available for interior obligate species. However, it is important to note that at least one of the larger meadow patches currently supports fauna species of concern that require such habitat (particularly the regionally scarce grasshopper sparrow).

Increasing the size of habitat patches (and thus enhancing forest interior) is an effective way of mitigating the negative effects of human disturbance since the impacts of such disturbance are spread and dissipated over a wider area of natural cover. Since it is unlikely that human disturbance levels will decrease in the future, the only way to maintain the area’s high quality natural system is to take steps to mitigate the impacts.

Minimize Negative Matrix Influence

The negative impacts associated with the existing low-density residential developments are already well-established (presence of domestic cats; artificially higher populations of human-sponsored animals such as raccoon, eastern chipmunk, blue jay; mowing conservation lands as an extensions of yards) and at this stage little can be done to mitigate these negative effects other than through education of local residents. Invasive non-native species could be a result of landowners but more likely they appeared through recreational or agricultural land-use (depending on the species). These plants have not yet overcome the natural system here and management is still an option.

The main change in matrix influence will likely originate with potential increases in the number of non-local visitors. It is important in developing a new trail system for Dagmar that high standards are set for the use of the trail at the very beginning so that users (both local and non-local) do not become accustomed to inappropriate behaviour on the trail system. The use of motorized vehicles, nocturnal bike-riding, and off-leash dog-walking should be actively prohibited from the outset.

Residential land uses should be kept from intruding onto this site. Non-natural land uses in general should be kept to specific areas with wide buffer zones around them.

21

Any development within or in the vicinity of the study area will exert negative matrix influence on this relatively unspoiled area by the loss of natural cover in the matrix. On the other hand, encouraging increased natural cover on adjacent lands can further enhance the matrix. Landowner stewardship should inform neighbouring landowners on the value of natural cover. Community involvement in this local natural area would ensure that some human-influenced impacts on the communities and species would be diminished.

3.2.2 Quantity Recommendations

Maintaining the quantity of natural cover present at Dagmar is important to the long-term terrestrial biodiversity at this site along with neighbouring natural areas. The more natural cover that is retained, the better it can support a variety of species and therefore be better able to cope with various stressors that are being imposed on our natural heritage systems.

22

4.0 References

Cadman, M.D., P.F.J. Eagles, and F.M. Helleiner, 1987. “Atlas of Breeding Birds of Ontario.” Federation of Ontario Naturalists, Long Point Bird Observatory. University of Waterloo Press, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Gutzwiller, K.J. and S.H. Anderson, 1999. “Spatial extent of human-intrusion effects on subalpine bird distributions.” Condor 101:378-389.

Lee, H.T., W.D. Bakowsky, J. Riley, J. Bowles, M. Puddister, P. Uhlig and S. McMurray, 1998. Ecological Land Classification for Southern Ontario: First Approximation and its Application. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southcentral Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG

OMNR, 1993. “Southern Ontario Wetland Evaluation, Data and Scoring Record: Wilcox – St. George Wetland Complex. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Aurora District.

OMNR, 2000. “Provincially Significant Wilcox – St. George Wetland Complex”. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Aurora District.

OMNR, 2001. “Inventory of the Lake Wilcox Kettle Wetlands & Uplands Area of Natural and Scientific Interest.” Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southern Region, Aurora District.

Rosenburg, K.V., R.W. Rohrbaugh, Jr., S.E. Barker, J.D. Lowe, R.S. Hames and A.A. Dhondt, 1999. A land managers guide to improving habitat for scarlet tanagers and other forest-interior birds. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology.

TRCA, 2007a. Evaluating and Designing Terrestrial Natural Systems. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.

TRCA, 2007b. Setting Terrestrial Natural Heritage System Targets. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.

TRCA, 2007c. Terrestrial Natural Heritage Program Data Collection Methodology. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.

TRCA, 2007d. The Terrestrial Natural Heritage System Strategy. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.

TRCA, 2007e. Vegetation Community and Species Ranking and Scoring Method. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.

University of New South Wales (2007, September 12). A Dog In The Hand Scares Birds In The Bush. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2007/09/070905095349.htm

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LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

NOTE: All flora specieswith their associated scoresfor sensitivity to developmentcan be found in Appendix #2.

Date: January 2008

Map 5:Scores for Matrix Influenceand Flora Sensitivity to

Development

0 200 400 600 800100Meters

-Legend

5 - Excellent

4 - Good

3 - Fair

2 - Poor

1 - Very Poor

0 - Species benefits significantly from development-related disturbances1 - Species experiences no overall benefit or detriment from development-related disturbances (neutral)2 - Species receives slight negative impact from development-related disturbances3 - Species receives significant negative impact from development-related disturbances4 - Species receives moderately severe negative impact from development-related disturbances5 - Species receives severe negative impact from development-related disturbances

Flora Sensitivity to Development Scores

Habitat MatrixInfluence Scores*

Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First Base Solutions Inc.Landscape analysis based on 2002

Orthophotography*

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LAKERIDGERD

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E4

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LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

Map 6:Scores for Matrix Influenceand Fauna Sensitivity to

Development

NOTE: All fauna specieswith their associatedscores for sensitivity todevelopment can be foundin Appendix #3.

Fauna Sensitivity to Development Scores

-0 200 400 600 800100

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0 - Species benefits significantly from development-related disturbances

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* Fauna Species ( )) Frog Species

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5 - Excellent

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Habitat MatrixInfluence Scores*

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Date: January 2008Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First Base Solutions Inc.

Landscape analysis based on 2002Orthophotography

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LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

Map 7:Habitat Patch

Quality

Legend

Date: January 2008

0 200 400 600 800100Meters

- Habitat Patch Quality

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*

Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First BaseSolutions Inc.

Landscape analysis based on2002 Orthophotography*

Map

8:RegionalNaturalSystem

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HabitatPatchQuality*

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Date:January2008

05

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Map

9:DistributionofFauna

RegionalSpecies

ofConcern

.

Date:January2008

05

1015

2.5

Kilometers

LegendAgricultural&

RuralArea

Built-upArea

DesignatedGreenfieldArea

GreenbeltArea

Watershed

TRCAJurisdiction

FaunaSpecies

ofConcern(L1-L3)

#S

Dagmar

StudyArea

LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSIO

N7 UXB

RIDGE-PI

CKERING

TOWNLIN

E

Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First BaseSolutions Inc.

Date: January 2008

Map 10:Vegetation Communitieswith their Associated

Local Ranks

LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSIO

N7 UXB

RIDGE-PI

CKERING

TOWNLIN

E

-0 150 300 450 60075

Meters

Vegetation Community RanksLegend

DagmarStudy Area

L1

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LAKERIDGERD

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E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

Map 11:Location of FloraSpecies of ConcernDate: January 2008

Orthophoto: Spring 2005, FirstBase Solutions Inc.

0 150 300 450 60075Meters

-Legend

Dagmar Study Area

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RINGTOW

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LegendMap 12:

Flora HabitatDependence Scores

Flora Habitat Dependence Scores

NOTE: All flora specieswith their associated scoresfor habitat dependence canbe found in Appendix #2.

0 150 300 45075Meters

-Dagmar Study Area

Date: January 2008Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First

Base Solutions Inc.

#S 5 - Extreme habitat specialist#S 4 - Strong habitat specialist

#S 2 - Moderate habitat generalist#S 1 - Strong habitat generalist#S 0 - Extreme habitat generalist

#S 3 - Moderate habitat specialist

( Flora Species

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") LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

Legend

Map 13:Location of FaunaSpecies of Concern

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")

")

") LAKERIDGERD

CONCESSION7

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

SIDELIN

E4

-0 150 300 450 60075

Meters

Dagmar Study Area

Fauna Speciesof Concern

Frog Speciesof Concern

Date: January 2008Orthophoto: Spring 2005, First

Base Solutions Inc.

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")

")

CONCESSIO

N7

LAKERIDGERD

CHALK LAK

E RD

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

#*#*

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")

")

CONCESSIO

N7

LAKERIDGERD

CHALK LAK

E RD

UXBRIDG

E-PICKE

RINGTOW

NLINE

Map 14:Fauna Species of ConcernHabitat Dependence

Scores

NOTE: All fauna specieswith their associated scoresfor habitat dependence canbe found in Appendix #3.

Fauna Habitat Dependence Scores

Legend

-0 150 300 450 60075

Meters

Dagmar Study Area

5 - Extreme habitat specialist4 - Strong habitat specialist3 - Moderate habitat specialist2 - Moderate habitat generalist1 - Strong habitat generalist0 - Extreme habitat generalist

$T

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")

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")

")

")

")

T Fauna Species

( )) Frog SpeciesDate: January 2008

Orthophoto: Spring 2005, FirstBase Solutions Inc.

Ap

pen

dix

1: L

ist

of

Veg

etat

ion

Co

mm

uniti

es F

oun

d in

Dag

mar

Stu

dy

Are

a in

200

1 Are

aLo

cal

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ph

y.Lo

cal

ELC

Veg

etat

ion

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e#

ha

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trib

.R

equi

r.R

ank

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de

(* in

dica

tes

pres

ent a

s in

clus

ion

and/

or c

ompl

ex o

nly)

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stFO

C4-

1Fr

esh-

Moi

st W

hite

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ar C

onife

rous

For

est

1.75

22

4L4

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3-1

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-Fre

sh P

opla

r D

ecid

uous

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est

19.2

42

02

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D3-

2D

ry-F

resh

Pap

er B

irch

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iduo

us F

ores

t3.

062

13

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resh

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te A

sh D

ecid

uous

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est*

20

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-Fre

sh S

ugar

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le D

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uous

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est

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41

01

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2D

ry-F

resh

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ar M

aple

- B

eech

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iduo

us F

ores

t*1

01

L5FO

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8D

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resh

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ar M

aple

- W

hite

Ash

Dec

iduo

us F

ores

t2.

072

02

L5C

UP

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ck L

ocus

t Dec

iduo

us P

lant

atio

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513

03

L+C

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e C

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ntat

ion

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ntat

ion

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uce

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n La

rch

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ifero

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atio

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te S

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ntat

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tic C

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Ap

pen

dix

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ist

of

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d in

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mar

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dy

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a in

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etat

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ent a

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or c

ompl

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orse

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eral

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eral

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ater

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erge

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ixed

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atic

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site

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ive

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4.33

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Mon

eses

uni

flora

one-

flow

ered

pyr

ola

45

55

19L1

Osm

unda

cla

yton

iana

inte

rrup

ted

fern

45

55

19L1

Vibu

rnum

lant

anoi

des

(V. a

lnifo

lium

)ho

bble

bush

54

55

19L1

Ara

bis

glab

rato

wer

mus

tard

44

54

17L2

Asc

lepi

as e

xalta

tapo

ke m

ilkw

eed

45

44

17L2

Cal

yste

gia

spith

amae

a ss

p. s

pith

amae

alo

w b

indw

ind

44

45

17L2

Car

ex a

quat

ilis

wat

er o

r G

oode

noug

h's

sedg

e4

45

417

L2C

optis

trifo

lia (

C. g

roen

land

ica)

gold

thre

ad3

55

518

L2C

ornu

s ca

nade

nsis

bunc

hber

ry3

55

518

L2C

ysto

pter

is te

nuis

(C

ysto

pter

is fr

agili

s va

r.mac

kayi

)M

acka

y's

fragi

le fe

rn3

45

517

L2D

icen

tra c

ucul

laria

Dut

chm

an's

bre

eche

s3

45

517

L2D

ryop

teris

clin

toni

ana

Clin

ton'

s w

ood

fern

35

54

17L2

Epilo

bium

stri

ctum

dow

ny w

illow

-her

b4

45

417

L2H

uper

zia

luci

dula

(Ly

copo

dium

luci

dulu

m)

shin

ing

club

-mos

s3

55

518

L2Ju

ncus

bra

chyc

epha

lus

smal

l-hea

ded

rush

53

54

17L2

Lyco

podi

um d

endr

oidi

um (

L. o

bscu

rum

var

. den

droi

deum

roun

d-br

anch

ed g

roun

d-pi

ne3

55

518

L2M

edeo

la v

irgin

iana

Indi

an c

ucum

ber-

root

35

45

17L2

Mon

otro

pa h

ypop

ithys

pine

sap

34

55

17L2

Osm

unda

cin

nam

omea

cinn

amon

fern

25

55

17L2

Osm

unda

reg

alis

var

. spe

ctab

ilis

roya

l fer

n3

55

518

L2P

lata

nthe

ra h

yper

bore

a (H

aben

aria

hyp

erbo

rea)

nort

hern

or

tall

gree

n or

chis

34

55

17L2

Sym

phor

icar

pos

albu

s va

r. al

bus

snow

berr

y (lo

w o

r na

tive)

44

45

17L2

Thel

ypte

ris n

oveb

orac

ensi

sN

ew Y

ork

fern

34

55

17L2

Verb

ena

stric

taho

ary

verv

ain

45

44

17L2

Adi

antu

m p

edat

umno

rthe

rn m

aide

nhai

r fe

rn2

35

515

L3A

llium

tric

occu

mw

ild le

ek o

r ra

mps

23

44

13L3

Ana

phal

is m

arga

ritac

eape

arly

eve

rlast

ing

34

43

14L3

Ane

mon

e ac

utilo

ba (

Hep

atic

a ac

utilo

ba)

shar

p-lo

bed

hepa

tica

24

45

15L3

Aqu

ilegi

a ca

nade

nsis

wild

col

umbi

ne2

43

514

L3A

ster

ool

enta

ngie

nsis

(A

. azu

reus

)sk

y-bl

ue o

r az

ure

aste

r4

34

314

L3A

ster

uro

phyl

lus

(A. s

agitt

ifoliu

s)ar

row

-leav

ed a

ster

43

43

14L3

Car

ex b

acki

iB

ack'

s or

har

d-le

aved

sed

ge4

35

315

L3C

arex

bre

vior

shor

t-fru

ited

sedg

e4

34

314

L3C

arex

bru

nnes

cens

ssp

. bru

nnes

cens

brow

nish

sed

ge3

34

414

L3C

arex

cep

halo

phor

aov

al-h

eade

d se

dge

52

53

15L3

Car

ex d

iand

rale

sser

pan

icle

d se

dge

43

54

16L3

Car

ex d

ispe

rma

two-

seed

ed o

r so

ft-le

aved

sed

ge3

35

415

L3C

arex

gra

cile

scen

sra

ther

sle

nder

sed

ge5

24

314

L3C

arex

inte

rior

inla

nd o

r pr

airie

sta

r se

dge

32

54

14L3

Car

ex la

eviv

agin

ata

smoo

th-s

heat

hed

sedg

e2

44

414

L3C

arex

lept

alea

ssp

. lep

tale

abr

istle

-sta

lked

sed

ge3

35

415

L3C

arex

lept

oner

via

(C. l

axifl

ora

var.

lept

oner

via)

few

- or

fine-

nerv

ed w

ood

sedg

e4

34

314

L3C

arex

lurid

asa

llow

sed

ge5

24

516

L3C

arex

sca

brat

aro

ugh

sedg

e3

34

313

L3C

arex

tris

perm

a va

r. tri

sper

ma

thre

e-se

eded

sed

ge3

35

415

L3C

arex

utri

cula

ta (

C. r

ostra

ta v

ar. u

tricu

lata

)be

aked

or

bottl

e-sh

aped

sed

ge3

35

415

L3C

inna

latif

olia

nodd

ing

woo

d re

ed3

35

314

L3C

ircae

a al

pina

smal

ler

ench

ante

r's n

ight

shad

e2

45

415

L3

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Clin

toni

a bo

real

isye

llow

clin

toni

a or

blu

ebea

d lil

y2

54

516

L3C

ornu

s ru

gosa

roun

d-le

aved

dog

woo

d3

44

314

L3D

epar

ia a

cros

ticho

ides

(A

thyr

ium

thel

ypte

rioid

es)

silv

ery

glad

e fe

rn o

r sp

leen

wor

t4

45

316

L3D

esm

odiu

m g

lutin

osum

poin

ted-

leav

ed ti

ck-tr

efoi

l3

44

516

L3D

ryop

teris

cris

tata

cres

ted

woo

d fe

rn2

44

414

L3El

odea

can

aden

sis

(Ana

char

is c

anad

ensi

s)co

mm

on e

lode

a or

wat

er-w

eed

33

53

14L3

Equi

setu

m fl

uvia

tile

wat

er h

orse

tail

24

54

15L3

Equi

setu

m s

cirp

oide

sdw

arf s

cour

ing

rush

24

55

16L3

Equi

setu

m s

ylva

ticum

woo

dlan

d ho

rset

ail

33

54

15L3

Gym

noca

rpiu

m d

ryop

teris

oak

fern

23

55

15L3

Ham

amel

is v

irgin

iana

witc

h-ha

zel

24

44

14L3

Hyd

roco

tyle

am

eric

ana

mar

sh p

enny

wor

t3

44

415

L3Ju

glan

s ci

nere

abu

ttern

ut2

44

414

L3La

rix la

ricin

ata

mar

ack

34

44

15L3

Lobe

lia in

flata

Indi

an to

bacc

o4

44

416

L3M

itche

lla r

epen

spa

rtrid

gebe

rry

24

45

15L3

Mite

lla n

uda

nake

d m

itrew

ort

24

55

16L3

Mon

otro

pa u

niflo

raIn

dian

-pip

e2

45

516

L3M

yoso

tis la

xasm

alle

r fo

rget

-me-

not

54

34

16L3

Ory

zops

is a

sper

ifolia

whi

te-fr

uite

d or

rou

gh-le

aved

mou

ntai

n-ric

e2

44

515

L3O

smor

hiza

cla

yton

iiw

oolly

sw

eet c

icel

y3

44

415

L3O

xalis

ace

tose

lla s

sp. m

onta

na (

O. m

onta

na)

pink

woo

d-so

rrel

43

44

15L3

Pic

ea g

lauc

aw

hite

spr

uce

35

43

15L3

Pile

a fo

ntan

asp

ring

clea

rwee

d3

44

415

L3P

oa s

altu

ensi

stw

o-ra

yed

poa

or b

ushy

pas

ture

spe

ar g

rass

43

53

15L3

Pol

ygon

atum

pub

esce

nsdo

wny

Sol

omon

's s

eal

24

55

16L3

Pol

ygon

um a

mph

ibiu

m (

P. n

atan

s; P

. coc

cine

um)

wat

er s

mar

twee

d2

44

414

L3P

olys

tichu

m a

cros

ticho

ides

Chr

istm

as fe

rn2

35

515

L3P

yrol

a el

liptic

ash

inle

af2

44

414

L3Sc

hiza

chne

pur

pura

scen

s ss

p. p

urpu

rasc

ens

purp

le o

r fa

lse

mel

ic g

rass

33

35

14L3

Sisy

rinch

ium

mon

tanu

mbl

ue-e

yed

gras

s3

34

414

L3St

rept

opus

ros

eus

rose

twis

ted-

stal

k2

44

515

L3Ta

xus

cana

dens

isC

anad

a ye

w o

r gr

ound

hem

lock

24

45

15L3

Trie

ntal

is b

orea

lis s

sp. b

orea

lisst

ar-fl

ower

24

45

15L3

Trill

ium

ere

ctum

red

trill

ium

or

stin

king

Joh

nny

24

35

14L3

Trill

ium

gra

ndifl

orum

whi

te tr

illiu

m1

44

514

L3U

vula

ria g

rand

iflor

ala

rge-

flow

ered

bel

lwor

t2

45

516

L3Ve

roni

ca a

mer

ican

aA

mer

ican

spe

edw

ell o

r br

ookl

ime

33

44

14L3

Vero

nica

cat

enat

a (V

. ana

galli

s-aq

uatic

a ss

p. c

aten

ata)

wat

er s

peed

wel

l (na

tive)

53

44

16L3

Vibu

rnum

ace

rifol

ium

map

le-le

aved

vib

urnu

m2

34

514

L3Vi

ola

blan

da (

V. in

cogn

ita)

swee

t whi

te v

iole

t3

44

314

L3Vi

ola

cucu

llata

mar

sh b

lue

viol

et3

34

414

L3Vi

ola

rost

rata

long

-spu

rred

vio

let

34

43

14L3

Ace

r ru

brum

red

map

le2

42

513

L4A

cer

spic

atum

mou

ntai

n m

aple

23

44

13L4

Act

aea

pach

ypod

aw

hite

ban

eber

ry2

34

312

L4A

mel

anch

ier

arbo

rea

(A. c

anad

ensi

s m

isap

plie

d)do

wny

ser

vice

berr

y or

Jun

eber

ry2

24

311

L4A

pocy

num

and

rosa

emifo

lium

spre

adin

g do

gban

e2

33

311

L4

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Aris

aem

a tri

phyl

lum

Jack

-in-th

e-pu

lpit

13

34

11L4

Bet

ula

alle

ghen

iens

is (

B. l

utea

)ye

llow

or

curly

birc

h1

43

513

L4B

etul

a pa

pyrif

era

pape

r or

whi

te b

irch

14

24

11L4

Cal

tha

palu

stris

mar

sh m

arig

old

24

34

13L4

Car

dam

ine

diph

ylla

(D

enta

ria d

iphy

lla)

broa

d- o

r tw

o-le

aved

toot

hwor

t2

34

413

L4C

arex

alb

ursi

na (

C. l

axifl

ora

var.

latif

olia

)w

hite

bea

r se

dge

23

53

13L4

Car

ex a

rcta

tano

ddin

g w

ood

sedg

e2

42

311

L4C

arex

com

mun

isfib

rous

-roo

ted

sedg

e2

43

312

L4C

arex

dew

eyan

aD

ewey

's s

edge

24

33

12L4

Car

ex g

raci

llim

agr

acef

ul s

edge

43

42

13L4

Car

ex la

cust

risla

ke-b

ank

sedg

e3

33

413

L4C

arex

laxi

flora

loos

e-flo

wer

ed s

edge

33

43

13L4

Car

ex p

ecki

i (C

. nig

rom

argi

nata

var

. elli

ptic

a)P

eck'

s se

dge

32

43

12L4

Car

ex p

edun

cula

taea

rly-fl

ower

ing

sedg

e2

33

311

L4C

arex

pen

sylv

anic

aP

enns

ylva

nia

sedg

e2

43

413

L4C

arex

spa

rgan

ioid

esbu

r-re

ed s

edge

22

52

11L4

Car

ex s

pren

gelii

long

-bea

ked

sedg

e3

44

213

L4C

arex

stri

cta

tuss

ock

sedg

e2

33

412

L4C

arya

cor

difo

rmis

bitte

rnut

hic

kory

24

42

12L4

Cor

ylus

cor

nuta

(C

. ros

trata

)be

aked

haz

el2

43

413

L4C

rata

egus

mac

raca

ntha

(C

. suc

cule

nta

var.

mac

raca

ntha

) lon

g-sp

ined

haw

thor

n2

24

311

L4C

ysto

pter

is b

ulbi

fera

bulb

let f

ern

14

44

13L4

Dan

thon

ia s

pica

tapo

vert

y oa

t gra

ss2

43

413

L4D

ryop

teris

inte

rmed

ia (

D. s

pinu

losa

var

. int

erm

edia

)ev

ergr

een

woo

d fe

rn2

43

312

L4D

ryop

teris

mar

gina

lism

argi

nal w

ood

fern

13

34

11L4

Epifa

gus

virg

inia

nabe

ech-

drop

s2

34

211

L4Fa

gus

gran

difo

liaA

mer

ican

bee

ch1

43

412

L4Fr

axin

us n

igra

blac

k as

h2

44

313

L4G

aliu

m a

parin

ecl

eave

rs3

34

212

L4G

aliu

m p

alus

trem

arsh

bed

stra

w2

24

311

L4Ju

ncus

effu

sus

ssp.

sol

utus

soft

rush

24

43

13L4

Lyco

pus

amer

ican

usA

mer

ican

or

cut-l

eave

d w

ater

-hor

ehou

nd2

43

312

L4Ly

copu

s un

iflor

usno

rthe

rn w

ater

-hor

ehou

nd o

r bu

glew

eed

23

33

11L4

Mai

anth

emum

can

aden

seC

anad

a m

ayflo

wer

24

15

12L4

Phy

salis

het

erop

hylla

clam

my

grou

nd-c

herr

y3

23

311

L4P

inus

stro

bus

whi

te p

ine

14

34

12L4

Pod

ophy

llum

pel

tatu

mM

ay-a

pple

23

33

11L4

Pop

ulus

gra

ndid

enta

tala

rge-

toot

hed

aspe

n2

34

312

L4P

terid

ium

aqu

ilinu

m v

ar. l

atiu

scul

umea

ster

n br

acke

n2

42

412

L4Q

uerc

us r

ubra

re

d oa

k 1

42

411

L4Sc

irpus

mic

roca

rpus

(S.

rub

rotin

ctus

)ba

rber

-pol

e se

dge

or b

ulru

sh2

24

311

L4Sc

irpus

val

idus

soft-

stem

med

bul

rush

22

53

12L4

Solid

ago

junc

eaea

rly g

olde

nrod

33

42

12L4

Sym

ploc

arpu

s fo

etid

ussk

unk

cabb

age

32

43

12L4

Thel

ypte

ris p

alus

tris

var.

pube

scen

sm

arsh

fern

24

24

12L4

Thuj

a oc

cide

ntal

isw

hite

ced

ar1

41

511

L4Ti

arel

la c

ordi

folia

foam

-flow

er2

33

412

L4Ts

uga

cana

dens

isea

ster

n he

mlo

ck1

43

513

L4

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Typh

a la

tifol

iabr

oad-

leav

ed c

atta

il1

44

413

L4A

nten

naria

how

ellii

cf

ssp.

how

ellii

field

or

How

ell's

pus

syto

esL4

?A

caly

pha

virg

inic

a va

r. rh

ombo

idea

thre

e-se

eded

mer

cury

21

30

6L5

Ace

r sa

ccha

rum

ssp

. sac

char

umsu

gar

map

le1

30

26

L5A

chill

ea m

illef

oliu

m s

sp. l

anul

osum

woo

lly y

arro

w1

21

18

L5A

ctae

a ru

bra

red

bane

berr

y2

32

310

L5A

mbr

osia

arte

mis

iifol

iaco

mm

on r

agw

eed

11

40

6L5

Am

phic

arpa

ea b

ract

eata

hog-

pean

ut2

22

28

L5A

nem

one

virg

inia

na v

ar. v

irgin

iana

com

mon

thim

blew

eed

23

03

8L5

Apo

cynu

m c

anni

binu

m v

ar. c

anni

binu

mIn

dian

-hem

p do

gban

e2

23

29

L5A

ralia

nud

icau

lisw

ild s

arsa

paril

la2

32

310

L5A

scle

pias

syr

iaca

com

mon

milk

wee

d1

20

14

L5A

ster

cor

difo

lius

hear

t-lea

ved

aste

r1

10

13

L5A

ster

eric

oide

s ss

p. e

ricoi

des

(Virg

ulus

eric

oide

s)he

ath

aste

r1

12

15

L5A

ster

lanc

eola

tus

ssp.

lanc

eola

tus

pani

cled

or

tall

whi

te a

ster

12

21

6L5

Ast

er la

terif

loru

sca

lico

or o

ne-s

ided

ast

er1

23

28

L5A

ster

nov

ae-a

nglia

e (V

irgul

us n

ovae

-ang

liae)

New

Eng

land

ast

er1

22

16

L5A

ster

pun

iceu

s va

r. pu

nice

ussw

amp

or p

urpl

e-st

emm

ed a

ster

22

32

9L5

Ath

yriu

m fi

lix-fe

min

a va

r. an

gust

umno

rthe

aste

rn la

dy fe

rn1

31

38

L5B

iden

s ce

rnuu

sno

ddin

g bu

r-m

arig

old

22

33

10L5

Car

ex b

ebbi

iB

ebb'

s se

dge

12

43

10L5

Car

ex r

adia

ta (

form

erly

C. r

osea

)st

ella

te o

r st

raig

ht-s

tyle

d se

dge

22

22

8L5

Car

ex r

osea

(fo

rmer

ly C

. con

volu

ta)

curly

-sty

led

sedg

e2

23

29

L5C

arex

stip

ata

awl-f

ruite

d se

dge

23

22

9L5

Circ

aea

lute

tiana

ssp

. can

aden

sis

(C. q

uadr

isul

cata

)en

chan

ter's

nig

htsh

ade

11

11

4L5

Cor

nus

alte

rnifo

liaal

tern

ate-

leav

ed d

ogw

ood

22

12

7L5

Cra

taeg

us p

unct

ata

dotte

d ha

wth

orn

22

33

10L5

Des

mod

ium

can

aden

sesh

owy

tick-

tref

oil

22

13

8L5

Dry

opte

ris c

arth

usia

na (

D. s

pinu

losa

)sp

inul

ose

woo

d fe

rn1

32

28

L5Eq

uise

tum

arv

ense

field

or

com

mon

hor

seta

il1

21

15

L5Er

iger

on a

nnuu

san

nual

or

dais

y fle

aban

e2

20

15

L5Er

iger

on p

hila

delp

hicu

s ss

p. p

hila

delp

hicu

sP

hila

delp

hia

fleab

ane

22

01

5L5

Eryt

hron

ium

am

eric

anum

ssp

. am

eric

anum

yello

w tr

out-l

ily1

33

29

L5Eu

pato

rium

mac

ulat

um s

sp. m

acul

atum

spot

ted

Joe-

Pye

wee

d1

23

39

L5Fr

agar

ia v

irgin

iana

ssp

. virg

inia

naw

ild o

r co

mm

on s

traw

berr

y1

20

25

L5Fr

axin

us a

mer

ican

aw

hite

ash

12

03

6L5

Gal

ium

trifl

orum

swee

t-sce

nted

bed

stra

w2

22

28

L5G

eum

can

aden

sew

hite

ave

ns2

21

27

L5G

lyce

ria s

triat

afo

wl m

anna

gra

ss2

21

27

L5H

acke

lia v

irgin

iana

Virg

inia

stic

ksee

d4

20

28

L5H

ydro

phyl

lum

virg

inia

num

Virg

inia

wat

erle

af1

21

26

L5Im

patie

ns c

apen

sis

(I. b

iflor

a)or

ange

touc

h-m

e-no

t (sp

otte

d je

wel

wee

d)1

20

25

L5Le

mna

min

orco

mm

on o

r le

sser

duc

kwee

d2

24

210

L5M

aian

them

um r

acem

osum

ssp

. rac

emos

um (

Smila

cina

ra

fals

e S

olom

on's

sea

l2

32

310

L5M

aian

them

um s

tella

tum

(Sm

ilaci

na s

tella

ta)

star

ry fa

lse

Sol

omon

's s

eal

22

13

8L5

Mat

teuc

cia

stru

thio

pter

is v

ar. p

ensy

lvan

ica

ostr

ich

fern

12

22

7L5

Mon

arda

fist

ulos

aw

ild b

erga

mot

22

22

8L5

Muh

lenb

ergi

a m

exic

ana

var.

mex

ican

aco

mm

on m

uhly

gra

ss2

20

15

L5

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Ono

clea

sen

sibi

lisse

nsiti

ve fe

rn2

31

39

L5O

stry

a vi

rgin

iana

ironw

ood

13

22

8L5

Par

then

ocis

sus

inse

rta (

P. v

itace

a)th

icke

t cre

eper

22

01

5L5

Pla

ntag

o ru

gelii

red-

stem

med

or

Rug

el's

pla

ntai

n2

20

15

L5P

opul

us b

alsa

mife

ra s

sp. b

alsa

mife

raba

lsam

pop

lar

12

32

8L5

Pop

ulus

trem

uloi

des

trem

blin

g as

pen

13

13

8L5

Pre

nant

hes

altis

sim

ata

ll w

ood

lettu

ce2

32

29

L5P

runu

s se

rotin

abl

ack

cher

ry1

20

25

L5P

runu

s vi

rgin

iana

ssp

. virg

inia

nach

oke

cher

ry1

20

14

L5R

hus

rydb

ergi

i (R

. rad

ican

s ss

p. r

ydbe

rgii)

pois

on iv

y (s

hrub

form

)1

20

25

L5R

ibes

cyn

osba

tipr

ickl

y go

oseb

erry

23

22

9L5

Rub

us id

aeus

ssp

. mel

anol

asiu

s (R

. stri

gosu

s)w

ild r

ed r

aspb

erry

11

01

3L5

Rub

us o

dora

tus

purp

le-fl

ower

ing

rasp

berr

y2

22

28

L5Sa

lix e

rioce

phal

a (S

. rig

ida;

S. c

orda

ta m

isap

plie

d)na

rrow

hea

rt-le

aved

or

Mis

sour

i will

ow1

13

16

L5Sa

lix e

xigu

a (S

. int

erio

r)sa

ndba

r w

illow

21

52

10L5

Sam

bucu

s ra

cem

osa

ssp.

pub

ens

(S. p

uben

s)re

d-be

rrie

d el

der

13

22

8L5

Sang

uina

ria c

anad

ensi

sbl

oodr

oot

13

33

10L5

Smila

x he

rbac

eaca

rrio

n-flo

wer

23

22

9L5

Solid

ago

altis

sim

ata

ll go

lden

rod

12

00

3L5

Solid

ago

caes

iabl

ue-s

tem

med

gol

denr

od1

24

29

L5So

lidag

o fle

xica

ulis

zig-

zag

gold

enro

d1

13

27

L5So

lidag

o ne

mor

alis

ssp

. nem

oral

isgr

ey g

olde

nrod

22

22

8L5

Solid

ago

rugo

sa s

sp. r

ugos

aro

ugh-

stem

med

gol

denr

od3

22

29

L5Th

alic

trum

pub

esce

ns (

T. p

olyg

amum

)ta

ll m

eado

w r

ue2

32

29

L5Ti

lia a

mer

ican

aba

ssw

ood

14

23

10L5

Urti

ca d

ioic

a ss

p. g

raci

lis (

U. p

roce

ra)

Am

eric

an s

tingi

ng n

ettle

23

22

9L5

Viol

a co

nspe

rsa

dog

viol

et2

20

26

L5Vi

ola

soro

riaco

mm

on b

lue

viol

et1

20

25

L5Vi

tis r

ipar

iariv

erba

nk g

rape

11

00

2L5

Agr

ostis

gig

ante

a (A

. sto

loni

fera

var

. maj

or; A

. alb

a)re

dtop

++

++

L+A

lliar

ia p

etio

lata

(A

. offi

cina

lis)

garli

c m

usta

rd+

++

+L+

Arte

mis

ia v

ulga

rism

ugw

ort o

r w

orm

woo

d+

++

+L+

Aes

culu

s hi

ppoc

asta

num

hors

e-ch

estn

ut+

++

+L+

Bar

bare

a vu

lgar

isw

inte

r cr

ess

or y

ello

w r

ocke

t+

++

+L+

Bro

mus

iner

mis

ssp

. ine

rmis

smoo

th b

rom

e gr

ass

++

++

L+C

arex

spi

cata

spik

ed o

r E

urop

ean

mea

dow

sed

ge+

++

+L+

Cer

astiu

m fo

ntan

um (

C. v

ulga

tum

)m

ouse

-ear

chi

ckw

eed

++

++

L+C

hrys

anth

emum

leuc

anth

emum

ox-e

ye d

aisy

++

++

L+C

irsiu

m a

rven

secr

eepi

ng (

Can

ada)

this

tle+

++

+L+

Cyn

anch

um r

ossi

cum

(C

. med

ium

; Vin

ceto

xicu

m r

ossi

cum

dog-

stra

nglin

g vi

ne o

r pa

le s

wal

low

-wor

t+

++

+L+

Dac

tylis

glo

mer

ata

orch

ard

gras

s+

++

+L+

Dau

cus

caro

taQ

ueen

Ann

e's

lace

or

wild

car

rot

++

++

L+Ec

hium

vul

gare

vipe

r's b

uglo

ss o

r bl

uew

eed

++

++

L+Ep

ilobi

um p

arvi

floru

msm

all-f

low

ered

will

ow-h

erb

++

++

L+Ep

ipac

tis h

elle

borin

ehe

llebo

rine

++

++

L+Fe

stuc

a ru

bra

ssp.

rub

ra (

F. p

rolif

era)

red

fesc

ue+

++

+L+

Hes

peris

mat

rona

lisda

me'

s ro

cket

++

++

L+H

iera

cium

aur

antia

cum

oran

ge h

awkw

eed

or d

evil'

s pa

int-b

rush

++

++

L+

Ap

pen

dix

2:

List

of

flora

sp

ecie

s fo

und

in D

agm

ar S

tud

y A

rea

"cf."

in th

e sp

ecie

s na

me

indi

cate

s th

e sp

ecie

s fo

und

was

mos

t lik

ely

nam

ed c

orre

ctly

but

cou

ld n

ot b

e co

nfirm

ed"p

L…" i

n th

e ra

nk c

olum

n in

dica

tes

that

the

spec

ies

was

onl

y fo

und

plan

ted

and

not r

egen

erat

ing

Loca

lP

op

ulat

ion

Hab

itat

Sen

sitiv

ity t

oTo

tal

Ran

kS

cien

tific

nam

eC

om

mo

n N

ame

Occ

urre

nce

Tren

dD

epen

den

ceD

evel

op

men

tS

core

TRC

A1-

51-

50-

50-

52-

20A

pr.

2003

Hie

raci

um c

aesp

itosu

m s

sp. c

aesp

itosu

m (

H. p

rate

nse)

yello

w o

r fie

ld h

awkw

eed

++

++

L+H

yper

icum

per

fora

tum

com

mon

St.

John

swor

t+

++

+L+

Loni

cera

x b

ella

(L.

mor

row

i x ta

taric

a)hy

brid

shr

ub o

r B

ell's

hon

eysu

ckle

++

++

L+M

alus

pum

ila (

M. d

omes

tica;

Pyr

us m

alus

)ap

ple

++

++

L+M

edic

ago

lupu

lina

blac

k m

edic

k+

++

+L+

Med

icag

o sa

tiva

ssp.

sat

iva

alfa

lfa+

++

+L+

Mel

ilotu

s al

baw

hite

sw

eet c

love

r+

++

+L+

Men

tha

spic

ata

spea

r m

int

++

++

L+M

yoso

tis s

corp

ioid

estr

ue o

r E

urop

ean

forg

et-m

e-no

t+

++

+L+

Nas

turti

um m

icro

phyl

lum

(N

. offi

cina

le v

ar. m

icro

phyl

lum

)w

ater

cres

s (s

mal

l-lea

ved)

++

++

L+N

epet

a ca

taria

catn

ip+

++

+L+

Phl

eum

pra

tens

etim

othy

gra

ss+

++

+L+

Pla

ntag

o m

ajor

broa

d-le

aved

or

com

mon

pla

ntai

n+

++

+L+

Poa

nem

oral

isw

ood

blue

gra

ss o

r sp

ear

gras

s+

++

+L+

Poa

pra

tens

is s

sp. p

rate

nsis

Ken

tuck

y bl

ue g

rass

++

++

L+P

oten

tilla

arg

ente

asi

lver

y ci

nque

foil

++

++

L+P

oten

tilla

rec

taro

ugh-

fruite

d or

sul

phur

cin

quef

oil

++

++

L+P

rune

lla v

ulga

ris s

sp. v

ulga

rishe

al-a

ll +

++

+L+

Ran

uncu

lus

acris

tall

butte

rcup

++

++

L+R

ham

nus

cath

artic

aco

mm

on o

r E

urop

ean

buck

thor

n+

++

+L+

Rob

inia

pse

udoa

caci

abl

ack

locu

st+

++

+L+

Ros

a m

ultif

lora

mul

tiflo

ra o

r Ja

pane

se r

ose

++

++

L+R

umex

obt

usifo

lius

ssp.

obt

usifo

lius

bitte

r do

ck+

++

+L+

Sola

num

dul

cam

ara

bitte

rsw

eet n

ight

shad

e+

++

+L+

Sorb

us a

ucup

aria

Eur

opea

n m

ount

ain-

ash

or r

owan

++

++

L+St

ella

ria g

ram

inea

gras

s-le

aved

chi

ckw

eed

or s

titch

wor

t+

++

+L+

Tara

xacu

m o

ffici

nale

dand

elio

n+

++

+L+

Trag

opog

on p

rate

nsis

ssp

. pra

tens

ism

eado

w g

oat's

bea

rd+

++

+L+

Tuss

ilago

farfa

raco

ltsfo

ot+

++

+L+

Verb

ascu

m th

apsu

sco

mm

on m

ulle

in+

++

+L+

Vero

nica

offi

cina

lisco

mm

on s

peed

wel

l+

++

+L+

Vibu

rnum

opu

lus

guel

der-

rose

/Eu

high

bush

cra

nber

ry+

++

+L+

Vici

a cr

acca

cow

, tuf

ted,

or

bird

vet

ch+

++

+L+

Vinc

a m

inor

periw

inkl

e+

++

+L+

Ger

aniu

m r

ober

tianu

mhe

rb R

ober

t+

?+

?+

?+

?L+

?P

inus

res

inos

are

d pi

ne4

55

519

pL1

Larix

dec

idua

Eur

opea

n la

rch

++

++

pL+

App

endi

x 3:

Lis

t of B

reed

ing

Faun

a S

peci

es F

ound

in D

agm

ar S

tudy

Are

a in

yea

r 200

7.

CO

MM

ON

NA

ME

CO

DE

Sci

entif

ic N

ame

num

ber

of te

rrito

ries

LOP

TnP

TtH

DA

SM

RS

TD+

TSL-

rank

Sur

vey

Sp

ecie

s:sp

ecie

s fo

r w

hic

h t

he

TRC

A p

roto

col e

ffec

tivel

y su

rvey

s.

Bir

ds

broa

d-w

inge

d ha

wk

BW

HA

But

eo p

laty

pter

us1

32

33

51

31

21L2

veer

yV

EE

RC

atha

rus

fusc

esce

ns2

23

34

32

51

23L2

wild

turk

eyW

ITU

Mel

eagr

is g

allo

pavo

23

10

45

24

120

L2A

mer

ican

woo

dcoc

kA

MW

OSc

olop

ax m

inor

2*0

23

23

24

016

L3bl

ack-

and-

whi

te w

arbl

erB

AW

WM

niot

ilta

varia

12

12

25

24

119

L3bl

ack-

bille

d cu

ckoo

BB

CU

Coc

cyzu

s er

ythr

opth

alm

us1

13

22

32

30

16L3

Bla

ckbu

rnia

n w

arbl

erB

LBW

Den

droi

ca fu

sca

13

12

43

23

018

L3bl

ack-

thro

ated

gre

en w

arbl

erB

TNW

Den

droi

ca v

irens

222

22

33

24

018

L3bl

ue-h

eade

d vi

reo

BH

VI

Vire

o so

litar

ius

13

12

13

23

015

L3bl

ue-w

inge

d w

arbl

erB

WW

AVe

rmiv

ora

pinu

s2

32

12

32

40

17L3

brow

n cr

eepe

rB

RC

RC

erth

ia a

mer

ican

a1

12

22

33

30

16L3

east

ern

tow

hee

EA

TOP

ipilo

ery

thro

ptha

lmus

12

32

12

24

015

L3fie

ld s

parr

owFI

SP

Spiz

ella

pus

illa

31

33

22

14

016

L3N

ashv

ille

war

bler

NA

WA

Verm

ivor

a ru

ficap

illa

43

12

22

24

016

L3no

rthe

rn w

ater

thru

shN

OW

ASe

iuru

s no

vebo

race

nsis

31

12

23

25

117

L3os

prey

OS

PR

Pan

dion

hal

iaet

us1

41

22

31

30

16L3

oven

bird

OV

EN

Seiu

rus

auro

capi

llus

300

23

34

24

018

L3pi

leat

ed w

oodp

ecke

rP

IWO

Dry

ocop

us p

ileat

us1

12

23

42

30

17L3

pine

war

bler

PIW

AD

endr

oica

pin

us11

11

23

42

30

16L3

ruffe

d gr

ouse

RU

GR

Bon

asa

umbe

llus

41

32

13

25

118

L3sc

arle

t tan

ager

SC

TAP

irang

a ol

ivac

ea12

12

33

42

30

18L3

woo

d th

rush

WO

THH

yloc

ichl

a m

uste

lina

230

33

33

24

018

L3ye

llow

-bel

lied

saps

ucke

rY

BS

ASp

hyra

picu

s va

rius

13

23

22

23

017

L3ye

llow

-rum

ped

war

bler

YR

WA

Den

droi

ca c

oron

ata

33

12

23

23

016

L3be

lted

king

fishe

rB

EK

IC

eryl

e al

cyon

not m

appe

d0

32

22

22

013

L4co

mm

on y

ello

wth

roat

CO

YE

Geo

thly

pis

trich

asno

t map

ped

02

22

12

40

13L4

east

ern

blue

bird

EA

BL

Sial

ia s

ialis

not m

appe

d4

21

22

12

014

L4ea

ster

n ph

oebe

EA

PH

Sayo

rnis

pho

ebe

not m

appe

d1

22

21

21

011

L4ea

ster

n w

ood-

pew

eeE

AW

PC

onto

pus

vire

nsno

t map

ped

04

21

22

20

13L4

grea

t hor

ned

owl

GH

OW

Bub

o vi

rgin

ianu

sno

t map

ped

22

21

22

10

12L4

grea

t cre

sted

flyc

atch

erG

CFL

Myi

arcy

hus

crin

itus

not m

appe

d0

23

13

22

013

L4gr

ay c

atbi

rdG

RC

AD

umet

ella

car

olin

ensi

sno

t map

ped

03

11

12

30

11L4

hairy

woo

dpec

ker

HA

WO

Pic

oide

s vi

llosu

sno

t map

ped

02

12

32

20

12L4

indi

go b

untin

gIN

BU

Pas

serin

a cy

anea

not m

appe

d0

22

21

13

012

L4m

ourn

ing

war

bler

MO

WA

Opo

rorn

is p

hila

delp

hia

100

22

22

24

014

L4no

rthe

rn fl

icke

rN

OF L

Col

apte

s au

ratu

sno

t map

ped

03

20

12

30

11L4

red-

brea

sted

nut

hatc

hR

BN

USi

tta c

anad

ensi

sno

t map

ped

11

13

32

20

13L4

App

endi

x 3:

Lis

t of B

reed

ing

Faun

a S

peci

es F

ound

in D

agm

ar S

tudy

Are

a in

yea

r 200

7.

CO

MM

ON

NA

ME

CO

DE

Sci

entif

ic N

ame

num

ber

of te

rrito

ries

LOP

TnP

TtH

DA

SM

RS

TD+

TSL-

rank

red-

eyed

vire

oR

EV

IVi

reo

oliv

aceu

sno

t map

ped

02

21

22

30

12L4

rose

-bre

aste

d gr

osbe

akR

BG

RP

heuc

ticus

ludo

vici

anus

not m

appe

d0

22

23

23

014

L4ru

by-th

roat

ed h

umm

ingb

irdR

THU

Arc

hilo

cus

colu

bris

not m

appe

d3

22

11

12

012

L4sa

vann

ah s

parr

owS

AV

SP

asse

rcul

us s

andw

iche

nsi s

not m

appe

d0

31

21

13

011

L4tr

ee s

wal

low

TRE

STa

chyc

inet

a bi

colo

rno

t map

ped

02

22

11

30

11L4

whi

te-b

reas

ted

nuth

atch

WB

NU

Sitta

car

olin

ensi

sno

t map

ped

12

13

32

20

14L4

Am

eric

an c

row

AM

CR

Cor

vus

brac

hyrh

ynch

osno

t map

ped

02

10

11

10

6L5

Am

eric

an g

oldf

inch

AM

GO

Car

duel

is tr

istis

not m

appe

d0

22

01

11

07

L5A

mer

ican

rob

inA

MR

OTu

rdus

mig

rato

rius

not m

appe

d0

12

01

11

06

L5B

altim

ore

orio

leB

AO

RIc

teru

s ga

lbul

ano

t map

ped

02

20

11

10

7L5

barn

sw

allo

wB

AR

SH

irund

o ru

stic

ano

t map

ped

02

22

11

10

9L5

blac

k-ca

pped

chi

ckad

eeB

CC

HP

oeci

le a

trica

pillu

sno

t map

ped

01

11

12

00

6L5

blue

jay

BLJ

AC

yano

citta

cris

tata

not m

appe

d0

42

01

10

08

L5br

own-

head

ed c

owbi

rdB

HC

OM

olot

hrus

ate

rno

t map

ped

02

20

11

10

7L5

Can

ada

goos

eC

AN

GB

rant

a ca

nade

nsis

not m

appe

d0

10

11

10

04

L5ce

dar

wax

win

gC

ED

WB

omby

cilla

ced

roru

mno

t map

ped

01

20

11

20

7L5

chip

ping

spa

rrow

CH

SP

Spiz

ella

pas

serin

ano

t map

ped

02

20

11

10

7L5

com

mon

gra

ckle

CO

GR

Qui

scal

us q

uisc

ula

not m

appe

d0

32

01

11

08

L5do

wny

woo

dpec

ker

DO

WO

Pic

oide

s pu

besc

ens

not m

appe

d0

21

11

21

08

L5ea

ster

n ki

ngbi

rdE

AK

ITy

rann

us ty

rann

usno

t map

ped

02

21

21

10

9L5

hous

e w

ren

HO

WR

Trog

lody

tes

aedo

nno

t map

ped

02

11

12

10

8L5

killd

eer

KIL

LC

hara

driu

s vo

cife

rus

not m

appe

d0

22

11

12

09

L5m

ourn

ing

dove

MO

DO

Zena

ida

mac

rour

ano

t map

ped

02

10

11

00

5L5

nort

hern

car

dina

lN

OC

AC

ardi

nalis

car

dina

lisno

t map

ped

02

10

12

20

8L5

red-

taile

d ha

wk

RTH

AB

uteo

jam

aice

nsis

not m

appe

d0

22

12

11

09

L5re

d-w

inge

d bl

ackb

irdR

WB

LA

gela

ius

phoe

nice

usno

t map

ped

02

20

11

30

9L5

song

spa

rrow

SO

SP

Mel

ospi

za m

elod

iano

t map

ped

02

20

12

20

9L5

Eur

opea

n st

arlin

gE

US

TSt

urnu

s vu

lgar

isno

t map

ped

L+su

mm

er ta

nage

rS

UTA

15

unrn

kd

Her

pet

ofa

una

gray

tree

frog

TGTF

Hyl

a ve

rsic

olor

12

23

23

35

121

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ring

peep

erS

PP

EP

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acris

cru

cife

r5

12

33

32

51

20L2

woo

d fro

gW

OFR

Ran

a sy

lvat

ica

50

23

43

25

120

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rn le

opar

d fro

gLE

FRR

ana

pipi

ens

10

32

21

25

116

L3A

mer

ican

toad

AM

TOB

ufo

amer

ican

usno

t map

ped

02

21

12

40

12L4

gree

n fro

gG

RFR

Ran

a cl

amita

nsno

t map

ped

02

21

12

40

12L4

Inci

den

tal S

pec

ies:

sp

ecie

s th

at a

re r

epo

rted

on

as in

cid

enta

l to

th

e TR

CA

pro

toco

l.

App

endi

x 3:

Lis

t of B

reed

ing

Faun

a S

peci

es F

ound

in D

agm

ar S

tudy

Are

a in

yea

r 200

7.

CO

MM

ON

NA

ME

CO

DE

Sci

entif

ic N

ame

num

ber

of te

rrito

ries

LOP

TnP

TtH

DA

SM

RS

TD+

TSL-

rank

Mam

mal

sha

iry-ta

iled

mol

eH

TMO

Par

asca

lops

bre

wer

i3

42

21

15

31

19L3

east

ern

chip

mun

kE

AC

HTa

mia

s st

riatu

sno

t map

ped

02

21

22

30

12L4

east

ern

cotto

ntai

l*E

AC

OSy

lvila

gus

florid

anus

not m

appe

d1

22

02

24

013

L4re

d sq

uirr

elR

ES

QTa

mia

sciu

rus

huds

onic

usno

t map

ped

22

20

12

20

11L4

whi

te-ta

iled

deer

WTD

EO

doco

ileus

virg

inia

nus

not m

appe

d1

22

13

12

012

L4gr

ay s

quirr

elG

RS

QSc

iuru

s ca

rolin

ensi

sno

t map

ped

02

20

12

00

7L5

racc

oon

RA

CC

Pro

cyon

loto

rno

t map

ped

02

11

11

10

7L5

LEG

EN

D*=

loca

l occ

urre

nce

unkn

own

LO =

loca

l occ

urre

nce

MR

= m

obili

ty r

estr

ictio

nP

Tn =

pop

ulat

ion

tren

d, c

ontin

ent-w

ide

STD

= s

ensi

tivity

to d

evel

opm

ent

PTt

= p

opul

atio

n tr

end,

TR

CA

AP

= a

dditi

onal

poi

nts

HD

= h

abita

t dep

ende

nce

TS =

tota

l sco

reA

S =

are

a se

nsiti

vity

L-ra

nk =

TR

CA

Ran

k, A

pril

2003