DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 19.06 · 6/19/2020 · Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) and Aksai Chin was not taken lightly either, as hinas stakes in PoK now go beyond

DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 19.06.2020

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Essay Paper

1. India should not loose sight of the 5 fingers....………………..…..03

GS 1

Indian Heritage and Culture 1. Megalithic Burial Site in Tamil Nadu?…………….………………….………05

GS 2

International Relations

1. RIC grouping and its current significance……………………………08

Snippets

GS 2

International Relations

1. DACA – Young Immigrants Programme……………………………..…09 2. Nepal’s new map now part of Constitution………………………….09

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Essay Paper

Editorial Q – The History, the standoff and how India should not loose sight of the 5 fingers at play?

INTRO = The deadly clashes at Galwan and the ongoing stand-off between India and China on the ridges or “fingers” around the Pangong Tso are a metaphor for the wider conflict between the two countries over all the areas that Chinese strategy refers to as the “five fingers of the Tibetan palm”. Xizang (Tibet) was China’s right palm, and it was its responsibility to “liberate” the fingers, defined as Ladakh, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, and the North East Frontier Agency (NEFA, or Arunachal Pradesh). Sixty years ago, India began to set about ensuring that quite the reverse ensued, and all five fingers were more closely attached to India, not China.

A brief of the History –

In the 1950s, even after India and China signed the Panchsheel agreement in 1954 and before the 1962 China-India war, the Nehru government had begun to worry about some of China’s proclamations. Especially after the flight of the Dalai Lama to India in 1959 –

a) China began to demand “self-determination in Kashmir” b) The Chinese government allowed Naga and Mizo dissidents into

China for refuge and training.

c) More importantly, school textbooks there began to depict the “five fingers” as a part of China. India’s countermove with the “three-pronged foreign policy” New Delhi set into motion at the time, that provided an effective counter to Mao’s five finger policy over the course of the century should be revisited. Which is –

1) The first was a push for building border infrastructure and governance. In the mid-1950s the government piloted a project to build the Indian Frontier Administrative Services (IFAS) for overseeing NEFA (Arunachal Pradesh) and other areas along the India-China frontier. While India’s border infrastructure is only now catching up with the infrastructure China built in the course of the next few decades, its base was made during the brief period the IFAS existed, before it was wound up in 1968. An idea before its time, the IFAS’s role has since been transferred to the Indian Army and the Border Roads Organisation, but it is an idea worth revisiting. (in 2019, the Chief Ministers of Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram called for the resurrection of the IFAS).

2) The second prong were a series of treaties that were signed around that time with neighbours such as Nepal and Bhutan, and the consolidation of control, militarily and administratively, of other territories that acceded to India, including Ladakh as a part of Jammu and Kashmir (1947), and NEFA (1951).

a) In 1950, India signed a treaty with Sikkim that made it a “protectorate”, and by 1975 the Indira Gandhi Government had annexed Sikkim and made it the 22nd State of India.

b) One of the reasons that China has been able to make inroads into Nepal and not with Bhutan, is that the government renegotiated its 1949 Treaty of Perpetual Peace and Friendship between the Government of India and the Government of Bhutan of 1949 with the India-Bhutan Friendship Treaty in 2007, dropping an article that had committed Bhutan “to beguided” by India on its external affairs policy. This has held India and Bhutan ties in good stead thus far, even during the Doklam stand-off between India and China in 2017 in the face of severe pressure from China.

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c) Despite years of requests from Kathmandu, New Delhi has dragged its feet on reviewing its 1950 Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the Government of India and the Government of Nepal, and on accepting a report the Eminent Persons’ Group (EPG) on Nepal-India relations has produced that recommends a new treaty.Which can create space for a more mutually responsive diplomacy that is necessary to nurture special relationships.

3) For the third prong, India’s policy towards the “palm” or Tibet, itself should be looked at more closely as well. While New Delhi’s decision to shelter the Dalai Lama and lakhs of his followers since 1959 is a policy that is lauded, it does not change the need for New Delhi to look into the future of its relationship, both with the Tibetan refugee community in India, which has lived here in limbo for decades, as well as with its future leadership. The Karmapa Lama, who lived in India after his flight from China in 2000, and was groomed as a possible political successor, has now taken the citizenship of another country and lives mostly in the United States. Meanwhile, China will without doubt try to force its own choice on the community as well. Given that it is home to so many Tibetans, India must chart a more prominent role in this discourse.

J&K

Finally, it is necessary to introspect on how India’s own reorganisation of Jammu and Kashmir in August 2019 has changed the security matrix and threat parameters for India, and its neighbours. While Pakistan’s extreme reaction to the move was expected, China’s reaction was perhaps not studied enough.

Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) and Aksai Chin was not taken lightly either, as China’s stakes in PoK now go beyond its historical closeness with Pakistan, to its investment in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor that runs through it. The impact of the new map of Jammu and Kashmir on ties with Nepal as well, is no coincidence. There is proof enough that now more than ever, as the government readies its hand on dealing with China, it must not lose sight of every finger in play.

GS 1

Indian Heritage and Culture Q – Describe the recently unearthed Megalithic Burial Site in Tamil Nadu? BACKGROUND = A Kodumanal Excavation has thrown light on burial rituals and the concept of afterlife in megalithic culture and has identified 250 cairn-circles at the village in Erode district.

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1) Earlier excavations revealed that the site served as a trade-cum-industrial centre from 5th century BCE to 1st century BCE.

2) The rectangular chambered cists, each two metres long and six metres wide, are made of stone slabs, and the entire grave is surrounded by boulders that form the circle.

3) The grave could be of a village head or the head of the community as the size of two boulders, each facing east and west, are bigger than other boulders. Believing that the deceased person will get a new life after death, pots and bowls filled with grains were placed outside the chambers.

4) Previous excavations have revealed that multi-ethnic groups lived in the village, located about 500 metres away from the Noyyal river.

5) The findings unearthed so far include an animal skull, possibly of a wolf or a dog; precious stones like beryl, carnelian, quartz, jasper, beads, gold pieces and needles; copper smelting units; the mud walls of a workshop; potteries; and Tamil Brahmi script. The team of archeologists also found pieces of grooved tiles at a trench with further excavation to reveal more.

GS 2

International Relations Q – The RIC grouping and its current significance? BACKGROUND = The RIC (Russia-India-China) grouping is a “useful platform to support a unified agenda” and several regional and global challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic and etc. In the upcoming meet to take place on the 23rd June, 2020 through virtual video conference, India is to participate with the ministerial level exchange and create an opening for de-escalation of tension along the Line of Actual Control with the Russian diplomatic sources indicating that they support “constructive dialogue” over the tension in eastern Ladakh. While bilateral problems are not supposed to be discussed, the Russian diplomats certainly appreciate the efforts from both sides, including on the high level, aimed at maintaining constructive dialogue and the situation in the LAC de-escalated maintaining that Moscow is trusted by both India and China. Infograph –

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Snippets GS 2

International Relations DACA – Young Immigrants Programme.

The Supreme Court ruled that the U.S. government may not immediately proceed with its plan to end the DACA programme (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) protecting about 7,00,000 young immigrants known as Dreamers from deportation.

This being a blow to Trump’s campaign promises, has been rejected based on inadequate reasons for shutting down the program.

The programme was announced by Mr. Obama in 2012. It allows young people brought to the U.S. as children to apply for a temporary status that shields them from deportation and allows them to work. The status lasts for two years and is renewable, but it does not provide a path to citizenship.

International Relations Nepal’s new map now part of Constitution

The Upper House of Nepal’s Parliament passed the Second Constitution Amendment Bill 2077 (Vikram era).

The new map will now be part of the national emblem of Nepal and is likely to be featured prominently on the promotional tourism documents.

The formal inclusion of the map gives a rare guarantee to the physical territory of the Nepalese state that makes negotiations with India on the Kalapani issue difficult. However, Nepal has maintained that it is open for dialogue.

How about this today!?

Consider the following Statements –

1. ‘Developing Asia’ refers to a group of over 40 countries that are members of the ADB.

2. For the countries in Developing Asia, ADB forecasts growth of 0.1% in 2020.

3. India’s economic growth rate to slip to 4% Which of the above statements is/are CORRECT regarding

the Asian Development Bank?

a. 1 alone b. 1, 3 alone c. All of the above d. None of the above

Hey from yesterday….

Consider the following statements –

1. A housing finance company is considered a non- Banking financial company (NBFC)

1. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed stringent norms for housing finance companies by mandating 75% of their home loans to individual borrowers by 2024.

2. Concerns related to ‘double financing’ is being addressed under the current norms.

Which of the above statements is/are INCORRECT regarding RBI’s recent rules set for Home Finance Firms? a. 1,2 b. 3 alone c. All of the above d. None of the above Answer: d

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DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 19.06 · 6/19/2020 · Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) and Aksai Chin was not taken lightly either, as hinas stakes in PoK now go beyond