Dalit and Minority Empowerment

8/7/2019 Dalit and Minority Empowerment

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S C i C i a U y ''ba-ckrrnrd, acrossm e w orld come together ]n3 111ex pression of id :u:~ ir,com'bined.stren,g~h,,[his sb o uld b e 'vlew ed . ~ ; ~ 1l,,hnpon:ant.indica.tolc'to the, -~~- , : -~ : , - - -. " : ~- , , 'h - ' - '- _ - ,- -;- -- :- ~ a :~ , -- :- ,· · ,~ · -) - - '~ ' }; - ,, -of d ;--'--I---:~~-;- i---: '--~= Ihe c- = (- ,"--e --:- -fi.J~--~ --:. if -- : . -~. . . ,Lc n a n g e I n m ep,rcva.1 , l 1 gSUJUQ[)QO _= .. :epnwuon t ia t i tS,lm,pC~_,t.Lng_, =~ SUUI,

changes bad not beenha~ledrh rough,h~sto'ry~w e 'w oul,d not have'b e e n ,in ,asituation ~ D d a y'where several ~eop--,:leibcfg,re:us have laid. out the' · p - ' . ad lof_ ,r I. ,I

str.uggl,e., T hejOI 'Lu · . l l e , 'of d a1i,c~and ,mi :n .o r i t) "em pow erm ent h as; sta rt:t!d ~ 'InD, -- ,- -'- - - ~b . I ' 2 - 0 -1 fl6 "- : -,- h e "B ,,{_ 't , .. .. ~H '· , . , . i l] ~ ,he p' , ~ :.1 I' ,,' -- 1 - - , _ 'I - - - - .N "',:" -n, ece,m .. e.r ··.·.u at t.. ,e .- .;aIayog~... ,~.10 ~:,.e ,. a ruamen.C.rom,pl,ex, ~U., e\Y

Delhi, l e a d e r sof the: marg ina lized ,C(Hl,gn~,ga ;tedfrom across 'thew a d e land

he'~d'incensediscussioD.IS ' - ,Th..' I'~ id eolog lca l und erpiinnin 1 9 s '- ' , .- .0' , ,f '·thesed 'it~""'il'i~""'l·;O';IIf'SI .. ii .I~,IIL'IW- ~. _ ~. _ . ~I. . I! .. . , !I i . . ,ilrU'tir.-u. f.. .' .\r.i1.. . . I. . .• I . _ I "~I I, '.. _II ~~!\.r . _~~~\ ,Ill-:- = '....

'h b ~ d 1 -i l . . .L. il. . - il. . ' . •r - ~n av e _een s um ma riz eI_ very 'we.~ lUroU,gU.tms oompbanon"T he conference a tth e B arU a m ,erncomplexw as unique in m any'ways~

WI'· t,... d- d ele _.. _..m ---~'III - ~L - '[ t.; .---- '~-~' 'k r~ rh~A~ UClI . ,oe,~,ta ~_ om tu~ QV,erme g_o~ cQmmJ.tt~ng to w on ~lu,r '_'e'eman-' C ~ Jnari on o·,C ',..he J · le l""r · ;U'I · ' l ,aaed't h e Prim le i M ' inister M - . . ' ,r 'M: ,' ' ' ' 'flio'' ' ' ' ' ' ' 'oh,' ' ' ' '"~_I.~·"'':''.r<~.·.·_·I._ ' ._ : . I f U1L_; Q.~~.:.... "l I,' W-o ~lcr! i-' .: "-'; t ..: .~ ; :., IL IJ· ,II. : ",I.I! .~~~ ..., ..... ,:.~ '_·.:-....~.I!.l,~,~·_'_'~L'

S ing h a lso a nn ou ncedhis'com m irm ent 'toem,po'wedng:the pow ed ess of th is,country and , w o(,k ing .··...towardsth e' up.Hfimentof Dalits'and minorities.The~

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former P:r.ime 'Minstero f 'th eoou,n;tty;,M r ,V .R S i r n : g hhad,I d , e a r l yS;[3!too . ' ha t

i re-w as' not s~i :m,p , ly ' "a, qIUes~'jon of u.p...liJftm,el'~.tbut w e must ensure the" . '1'.. ,. f ~'Il ,. ~1~"~1 1 'H ,~I h 'p ~ M - .. '~ ~PUtl 'CJtp3'tl((n Q_ ute: m a r g t o a . , b i C u ,poop'_,e~ = ~ e' u~'&~U.'t _ e ,_ .n m e ,," '_Jl'us.rer f.o'en . r,'>' ..... -i .. ' fi·r 'M· · · · · · ·,n - . ,ri -- '. 'r it., ' 'M : " '- , ~ , '' -id , : :",1·C o '- --_ - " ':- .- ...• ' , '~ -" ,,; -- ,--. 'I H '" . ', ,- ~ ._ .~_su_ ,e.reservacons _0 U l S L m s,as ,pe~lUl!e ~_,jani.U. ·.,mmISSlon re p o rt" " ,,,e ;

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.•.Jl. c: '. f .A i'l- I ' .J~ J _..j.' '·_1 S - . ' 'F "p .. - M - " "me roemanon et an fu, J,nwal _U.ulct~ '-erv,rcc'." 'ormer l,ti'm.e~lniS:cer~

M r~1 ..K ..Gujra l sa id th atanxi,etY'prevailsin . everypart of the oount~ since'\Ye have net b een, a bleto facU~m,tesocialchangeeven after60 years as :Ml

Independenr natl,o,n,~T- 'h ' -"'p~---, . 'M '"" ,- -"1Il';-- IS -. . -.". . -",., .. ,"" rh iii" .- "._ .. , .. c ' th . -'I 'C - ,,..,e ,I. I ,m.e , .. ..[nlS!II.e,[ :,. ,recenL,. s,d ,,,e m c :n ,," , . ' . .,a!~ ."reso urces,0.1: ~:Ie ooun. ry

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M '[, ,M :a nm o.h anS i:l lg h . .said, ~I believe 'lhat evenme.r 60 year.s·of m e,pmvu,ion o,f co,ns~iw,tiona1s a f e g u a r d s ;and Stlite ,I upport', discriminationa g : n'. '. . . . .;f!I[~D. · · : - ; 11 : 'lie. pe- - : , - . r, ;in m ·.<'iII'l'i'f':'p a n1 . , .. ' ,~ ~""'"f:t· h lA <!" ' - I ' i iU·D"i" ' ry ' . :"Y'~ m ·.'1IIi'r!'[~ ," ' :0"·ift[~in ue ,. . . . .u ..'J,~ ~ ... m lb:l : \lla ..aIL1ll II I • d.,&1. I ," • I -_~ u", ',.]i;;!Ii.r.U - _" !Ii. " ; . ~ ·W·IIi;·· I •. ,~I . "- ..• ~.tl-I.,.....~ U -_ -J!.

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s tmgg le: ap insE 'r : h ' i s , d i s c r i m jnlrLo,nby ,pol idcaJ l"sodal~,cultural and, inl'fUecrual, . '.' ~'i '\.'~ ):!i H -~ '." .: ~ .~",h'. .ii~ il~','" .". ',' ':" ;'.' -lb ,:" 'II:n r" '·:·· .' ., " ....." . ~,~: ·''! -- 'l '·d e ve l . .. , .. ..' ..m eans, ieS3.lu.I, ~a,[ ,_[ was,our lCS,Pomn. ·111,..; (0 ensureeqUl[au ecvCJ,OpmCIl[,_..

'w,b ic 'b,ilsta .ng ' ib le . ,He also sug~ued, maE: we should r e a d thlebook c a l l e d ,n d ,=._~ .._.J '1 1 ._ ~ b ]" f' ~ 'IL . . ~I d ~ ~ ~"'.' _·~··JIvutrasuand ex pr,~ ,1 1[ 5; .~e,Ie a uiiat' soeta, "an,' economic i:rlltq'Uad(lts Deeu

b ..J_~'II "~L" CL=!i! d l~ ' I L . . ~ 1. . ~U I I- . - dto b etitiiJt W,hll Ul a n ell~etU.vemanrh~',ra n : _ ,uils StWJ, LX: ' : : ,_ 'o l ,ne ' .'TheDe-pum' Soeakerof th e' R a J " v aSabh a .M'[~'K~RehmanK han sa id th at_,"- - . ~ . ~ : -'''''I' c.~,~ '~' '.",~ '-~~" '.~. '''. :.",... .. _ :_~'.: ',~ !t ,-'. ",',.,'"" "-- -" ,~-'- . , . - ~~-" - '-'- - '-~ -':'~ -'-~

'h :C ,',"'C" f' h ,. .~.~dl be a e0 0 nrereneew a s :$ ~ g n h t e a n ; r ., t n ,OO,iIltext.'0 ~'~1 ~e ,CUffleDt' tu u lo na Ji- .e ' ~ate o nthe recommendations ,of the Justiee Rajindcr SacharCommittee Repo,rt and,

the recent passage ofthe O:BC~,Rese"~n'ion bin in :P[a.dIilm.en.t~M ,F ;oD..'h ~.! !o ,=. .J M -":. 'hd A·· · · . . lt l :~ ,: ~ . . .L • _,,.,.;II ' L. = a d "I' .•JL,, . , ~ ; a m , m V 1 J ~ r , t y - O 's , a n a . :.0,- .~'. ,.' W .S VIews:. Ill, t,nlS r e ~ : ! 1 0 1 ~:mwt' . O ' Cre ~.~ ., , n w eIL. ~.' r '~'L e. , i l- ," . ' ..i l l_ by' ' M ' .'in - ,_ '\ T: j ]" p '" L:~,_Jt.Ii)~ nnmp" 0 . ~' 0:11 eenon,l\S 00, artl]c~ I,> ,r~ ,ilUIU,Y i u::asw,U'l 'W,Jm...u.""" '!! ' [o- 0. ~ " I

, .< i. " ,' 1: - .'w · th; , ·id -' . :f"P7: min ~.'. _ ,_ ,_ " Ii' ~,i ,fth': ..., '," ,":,-,-,'d' ',-'.',"· ' ro,i " j . . . . .!!'tXP,IlJ i lS [1,0,_ _e·~o_, [0£ ,_ga coannonO~~._~ pew eness an mUl! miu,og

it in to 'an 6otiv le :;: fo rce ca rne:moutandh ow these though tsa J bO lU itDalit and'.' .' 'P__', __ c -'I ~ : ,," T .:-:-. ,: ,~ 'I' ,',< .. --: . ,~ -c, .' ..millonty em,powerm.en{ef)J,e~, ..

Th ' section abov ! '" s~'~~;,m'.', f; he ,,~,- d~iT . ', f i'll, ' i',,"r""I'=;<l- , - , ,_~esect_ 0__~ ~l J iUve,b i ,,i t , _ w : n ,, _ . _ r u y0_ t"~e ,ptooee,-.~~g~ (L IUle _.llau,giU,nu. .. " " ' . . .. · · f· 'th . .. ' . ._,t:;.. .. ' . '. 'w h ·I '" '·_ L . .. , ' . . . . ', ' , .d :', d '" . ' . . " '1 '" ..th ",c, :".-. ."..•.". o fsession 0'". ae conrerence, ,~I .1uH. you ca n .rea, Ill. cerar 10 ne nrst secnon 0", b k - - - - f ' .~th e . 'oo.~ 'The second sectlon eomprises0;- tw o c o n c e p tu a l e s S 3 ),Y Swhlchw e r e '

, ,-:-~,-;-.~b M '- ;- ,' P. s · ·I(',,,;:, .. ,J... '-:-:;-.,-.-. and M": n ' f '~ ' b~~ · ' : : - ' , c .A I'"',!, T-h '~ '~ . - . ' . . ..t.•.. ~.'- -, ~ 'c' .-.- . · - · ', c - , . , - , - - ,wn"."en . y '_,__J X ' .. '_ '. ",~~unan ,a n . _ :·,.:t., X u r ~ a n" .: , .~ ,, , , ._, e s cUJ.emiCp a p C f . ' S Jwere'n-I'li~'~-..;I _p-~a'p'[':~u\il" 'Co '- r",oi;

J'L1:1" "" . . ...-..n'~i'I"~-n'~ffia' ~n, 'w 'h - ': ; , . - ; ;L*, 'h ' ,c ;'n-"'·n-'·' eond ~"'~o·n nf'r-"~'~r-~ ~~ . ~~l .WI)· I~ :_ ~ g~1l -~ ~_y~' I!l.---'~1Ii='~~:I!' .._~,Il .... :~ .' _~~J:~, t~ .~~ r~~~\~'~'~' ~,~.) . ~~~.~~,~[~,~,

Daliesand ,M w lim s, Inthis OO'lU'U.r.yhas been ~aid,OUt~-

II' ... he ..iL'"";'..J~_:'·o;;1 ' D ~ = " "Raetan , 5> ; ;-Ill:',1-;1 M ~ " " , < '~Ai',~iL:":' 'D" , ; ,·S~· ' l . . ' : "" ' I~~, , · · .110. UJj_ ud IU seco_ n~ , _ r~~£[_ ' .. 11,g, .anY.,. _,a,m.[3; ,~,¥)t_ um ltl'_ ..r~ , .1~eCI

S a ,dl' ~ I " ,.,: : ,.A'~I 'I-.J .A,"," .··h,I.1 Al: · · · , ·. . . . ~'· ',I· ,.· '. ,I' -., N · · : ·j - : ----- ;-- , -IIA,--:--'i 'Ll,', · ·h ·dam· ,anI,,, . ,mull, ,lUlmC"U~ ,~,g. ar . . it ,~ ng tn.ee.F ~ " • "~ ' ,~,I" ,iV,Il.O... ~~~

M·. . . - ·hc l~buJ , ''J , . .I ' , .-o,, . , ,'v,~. . .,L. if · ': - 'H :·o- ·d· ' --'S~'._.J ' S " "h ·ahabud J l rn- '~ 'A i:'.'.,~",;'7 E h · : · - · ~ ' ~ ''0': '[ '- '' rv'". . , . .,L~·~i:r~'·,_.0'_'_ "-; '~'~ ,' 1.'\,;a.),U __ ~ ''': ~,~ 'fe u, " ,_ ,a n a.,u , -.m '._ ~,_> ~.' _ ,-s an :!!,, · , ~,~ m n~ ,S.ingh, Nlshikane Waghmare ' l ,DI,[;, P, r a . i w : hLouis, V l d l y a ,I J ,:h us h an R a .w m (~,C"'_'I; ; ; ; ; ; ; ,mn...._ ......~,Ji~ D I'r S· : ; ' 1 i. . :i n . . ..,i""L.Ie':L "'i1i ' l irllll . ."",. . . . ::r. ""Ii" d" H '~ '- - - 'C' , ''L'_;:~i"W"'L'~""A i f" .I "i ;nm ~ .' · ' bu · . .,~,...I1~'~~,~o' r"r.-~~, ....:!I,-·~.~U'I iPlm ··_.·-n~:yI,ya~'J ~J.I._._, . I I_~" ' I " , ._W-UI-;.j: n:a ''''i !- ;~ __I_,_ .I_...~_~

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~cl b '" hw b th fa h " ' i t" ' b " ' c b"'id,r"j;: ~~ ~~ '~ ,11"" .':~I,p'Hi 'p"~I"I,['' I r :O,.p ' . · · . .' :e · . · ,"~i l" ; · · ·i"',m••···!il' ~I. ~m- · , · p~ re · · ,,··e~M;~'j:::-'~i~'ro: · · · :"e lc ,Ho· , :n~1'W:'l-"I~lIi.iI, .. ~~ W""I<"-' .. __ ,,,,,,,,u, I. li.I! .. " 0 ........ 1' " ,!'L,,_.~ ,~"",!W I' ., .... ,I,....,.~v'" .... Il0;l 'L·I,.. , ,~ .. ,. f~' -'.' ~~. m '" ~.. . ," :. .1. . _ :.. -.; ". . II : I. ,.', _ : .,_"", .' ",' _ .,I . ' [; 1 I _. _: I', ~:; .. ~. . ..-;:' : I .. , . . I ' , :. .- ,~_covers a range0 0p,lnlo.ns on. ese IS SU . es.n 'C'" 'II'" " '~;s lh:· n · : a · n .i inl 'h l " 1 S 'I"C'!~~--y-: .0 :' -n: 'j'T h - · ·'" , (" "". . ." , :"~, . ,'S ': \f ii i 'i i t\ j l jo:m , . : : .: 'a · . '- n ; d ·~ ~111 " ~ ' , !' ,h '-!i;~ 1i . ' ! ' " ,1Id '.-i.iiJ.!Ii (U:II. I _ __ JI .1.. .. ," ~~ ~.: . I •• I I. J ''1 i.? - ~ ~~ _ ;v.'""", I •• I . _: I, • IILJa.l! ~ , CW! .:1&1..

that' ,scheduled ca&!teshave b~~n on th e' n~ ciiv,in;g :end of 'l~h(;caste SYSf,e,minI:~d .,a . and. ih~s: , ha s bad ,:afi 3 ,d 'v i ( : r, $C$ O c l a J .and e o o ' f i . O t n . t c1 m . p a c t 'OJI mem."A part from l.aQ,king,a ' m ' , p ~ a u s , i b l ereaso , l t s, f o r 'fhis;~ R'Cnm . m , e n d a ; r : i £ l n s :for'changeh av e a lso b een, ,su gg csta tG Q , v, c r n m , e n t :5 t h , c , m e sand t 'be :ground,,ttali;ry',alboutn -b e lt, im p -"~,em,enanlonhas 'been discusseain toe essav~'The need,

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fO J,reservation h a s~eD explained and [he:i m _ p e r u m , e n r sto changin,g~ddn;;tn-'--.J",,~~tOC~F:::,,=.~L rh l,jill, p ;'~.I"'+it",~~ ,o-·;f '~'il'h'0~u~rh'",,"'b;1~~l'ttt - h < i 'if p ib . .. .. .. .iti Ii'~~g:n-c~":I i '~d· .,~II, ... _~_ U!IiC~ .... W~-~ I"_ .. ~ ".IL[A\.IIL")~ ".. , I 1~"llli.cU· _-~ _ AlUiI__ 1"':1 I I _A,"·~ ~'-r.II" I..~. _ I'~ f!

'MmUms'1 n India, 'V i c t i.m . s0 '£ , D , ; s , c r , i m J n a d . o n 'by , renownedj o u m a U s tM r-- ' · : Q ' . .: . 'urb ' , ' . . . .'0 ' A 1 ~ ' I ':h ·" ! I I1! :d;'~['~irj,~-·jl ~t - , , o ; ! ; ''1'.;il!!ii".... ti!!!.p~t ' l ·~oi"II 'no ·f"· ''· h · " "M ·· · · · ·· · · .ue i jim ,- F ': ij i; m' " m,1'11'01"",' ~ n "

!Ii '".:."1 - .. - ,'_,' .~ '.. ~~, .. lOeU U lIiiiP ~ ~ "'~-"":_ '. -.,v..~, .' I.. !\P., . lillI_It I - ~W, I - - I ~Iy_. ' ..," III I

I n dia ', a nd tb .e p re v M J in ,g ,s ta tu s lo f'M u s.U m s,in.' dheoountry~This,essaylo ok s ,a t '...L, 1 - '" ": -':" :l" '" L .·f> .·l~",it~~,... 'i l , . . . ~ '. ~ , - :' iii" ' - " ' -d : -~" ' ,,i" ,.. , ' ,*",~'it"· ....... ;1 :L., . .o;- 'L. 'M '"< ' '11:',.,m e '.ev'~ 0. p o il~,!idU p:a .aLLclpa ! : . l , on .,a n .u,eYelopmen..... WI...n . e s K UiU yt.ne .. ,llSllm

, -- ,-~,j:M;f "', 'I'd'" -T "L . --~ .-f" "'iIi" ~ -;HL-t1 f'b ~~ - - ·~'l·-!~- . r. ; ' "d~~L-m-";:;CDmmunL,';! In ,,n.~a., ,I ne ,essence:U l", c~ S'tiUa:. ~' ~e,~aWSj po~ ,Ql.es :~;Ii. ~U;lilel.'.~

/6 J

Copy r ghfe-d mater al



~.-' _.... 'L~..l M ,' '''FL~. ';,' ' .'. > - - '._ c < develoo - -....e ll· - . '1i~ i~ · . ·tion .' f' t~e M . · · · lim. la u n .U U :U . . :L U rU lC p ,r -o g re s.s ,e v e ~to p m e n [ a n _lie.P e __ ntau,-, o . u .~ ._ ._ _U5_ .

community. '.'are not enol!'1~" 'I ,what is imeortanris who, is i m p .lem.entifi'D'·these•• . - - ,. - 1 .. : _ • ., r .. -, "~.I).. ~ ,," . . . c · :w r .r . ~ ~ . . - ~ _!!"', ~ - - ~ - Q . ~- -

~::-'U~,m," ....~

In 'C oonstim ..j; .~ .--IM'P'mt-&:Oonto D a lles. AM ~ · i ;" i '_ ~ 1or a .R e a 1 ifi r-/;j, D r RD irtm~n . .,_ m _,"y..~Q,n- ." - - - ... ,. -- . -~, ., 1",11.11. .. . - ,I.; 1~ .~ "'.,. _S-,· gil d M " ~ M "h " 'h ;a - ~ ~ ."ndl - -~ '. - 0 0 -m- . ', ' 1 ·" '1 ··· · ' . . ' : . . . . . . , ·. .·1 · · .. - '- . " : ."" ., . . . . " '- ." ; " , . . - .- . .. . . - -- - ,~ .~ .. , ' . . , :" . .. . . . -- . ' ; ':" ': '- ", lD,_ :•...an ", .,.'am.u..~.e ,. m,~say 1_· ,_.'it Icomurub,Q '. :,',y.. , pooteCt10n extSt! ,,' .. f "C

ciall d ~caI ~-I ionswh ,. ia l £~ ~.,. '.- ... ." .. . - - I'. ''-'' .', .... - I' 'n " "e'I!"A I'D '" .I'" .' umaoonso y an i . ec on om l!.: ,: ,y ~ ._ _ - _: :_ ,- ~ _- _s e O U . O . 1 _ _'5 _ _'- ._ .J! .~u:soa~ transrerma tsen'L ._ ._ 'L . -- ......~~_~.J ab . b ,,. ,_ ._ ·il " ., 'T h £ " ,. ,.JlW o e e ni~. a · . o : u t. , :YIro.nstlru-UO:n~ provmODS!! . ,1~~,c_oau;; IS on P1WVISUln

ofseare services,endof un to uchahUi i l : ) j ,socia l and ., p , h y s ~ c a 1securl,ty~em.p,baslson lem.p:loymen.t~etc and some suggest_ions.for im:provemeDt:haw;a.bobeen. m · a d . e ~

Memh~r of th e~Elecden Cotmm1S&io.n,~.Mr.S~Y .,Q.•".I mesh}on h is essavon~ "~ .--~ -- e L ... .. -- ~ ~ -. ~ '" --_ . ~ ------~_._~-Jl- =-- .~~=~ -__.- ._--) ----- " '" -" - '1 ' --, · ~ - ~ - r- - '- .. -· Iii. ~ . 1 . _. .' ". ...".. " .. " Ii., _" '. . :~' ." . ." " [ . . .... , ', ~. .'. ". _. . _. , . _. _'. .'. ." _' 0 "'", • I .the' .rightto vote' hase_m,p .bas i zOO._the ' Im,po .t tan ,a0. I. the:vote to e m p ow l !i" r i d le '

1.=.== '1 •• .=.1· "'L! 11 .' C_. '" j, ..

~ : '. C:~ .-:----;KSS .ts ronst1tutIO nat.Slgnhlca nce as:w e~ ~as'mtonn aoonon ~'l'ifldpa"'."i tO l I "11pow er - .,"- .. .. ,.. I..... , .. r--"- -_ . '''1

solutlens w as g i v 1 e n ;In h is · e B a i Yd ded II;D eveiopm ent P.rog mm m esfo rC'~'L~~ul"-'.'d '~ ' ,C '- .--; .:j, ,d.-I· S , - L - J ' u 1 ' ~ J - ~ :'1 1 · " "~ ~ -~'N . ·- ·'·~ 'M " .'. ' .- ..;L_-i' 'p > . . .r.J h ~ .. ' .: .,,_:'L._Jr3'D:U~U, e.. astes an .~.C'U, cu noes ~ ... . anonar rasao as searcnea~ :... , I1 ' " ' I ! . . ,h:" · . J L· t : - : . .~l' ; in ,""L· ",., · ·1 ,m ntatia .' ··'·f.' ' ' '··· '"1 ·, , . ' " '. , '. 'ror rea sonseemne w e ra uu re s ,_--,~m e u np iem e nra no n0, ~ : u : " e - , o . p m e n . [ ,' p : m o ~ , " "iI"r'~ 1~nil "r l a e e db -"J ' .. .: i f. - "" , ."_n ...- . . . , - ' i "'Iin d ;1: ' . . . . . . . .g ' O '' iV':"",·[ft 'm· ."'n.. e - ·H ·',g, hI " 'I i.~ . -;~: -; -,_. ~'-'Clf~~=~go~~~ :_,_._~~ .'~CY, '__,,' m~ ~,,:_·uaJ !Pol" _:_ ~I~ ,' I- -~ ' ::_., (~ ._.~~_,'-I!'_= =_~-..:"_~'!I ,:.__, _~ .. _-~ ,iUSO

m ad e som e sug gestions inthis regard.."'Can M;usUms,be Dalits toar,i

l h a s ' b e e nwritten by ' P Io f ; ,Imtia;z. A h m e d ..~_..L-", ' 'Ib.- .. . , ,_ = , ~ ' I l = _ , - ~ : -: - .~ . - ,rh .-----, '~ ; = 1d- , ; '~ ; - - , : :· - l -: - - ;: - - - - ;wirhin M ""1~-1~--1 ,-;- -~. - c-. : :-· ~ T b · .;- .~'--:'Y "'.-,w,uCl\e ae ta!lJ".. ~, auoU[ t,,e ,SQaWJVI5~tOnS e-e ]unUl. ,_ usum IOQcry~.~. C ISSue 15 ,, ·c. -' . "- ~

· - : f : ·d . 'd ~ . . . . - '.'IL . , - ~

L.......'L . c,· .. -~,'; '.. 'Ib..~~~.1,[ .,

- ·f · ,M " ::', .,. ,1 :"- .,not. S l m , p . ~ y0. .• ~~ev!_o,P .ment,tout ~ Ute.OCCll,palt . lon~[l~.WI.a, 0 . .. ' . . .. .U51m5,in I·n..J:~:.... '~ 'i ' lIid''F i l - ' .~ l r- ·i !'O -, - . : ; :=~Fn'i']il.J·j;t'ill"jl;n'~i i F i ..."1...",,, .f";n"-u~n---:-·it"rv·' 1 ib11· - : ' - '0 0 ' - ' -m l,.~ifi~iI'~o-·n~·o;-::r ' ,&1 _ I . 111rlUi li [. .. .. 1(·· I L . I :I ~ '. ~ . ~ . , ~"::I,U_Ii['l"V I ill ·1 Ul..... ~., _I[ .!Iir__J."t t i l~ j~ •• :'."]1 UI 11 I1 Igl '- _~ _ 11 .' r 1

"~'II ' il-- d-I ·il ' ·" j, .. d " ~ h di -M ~r dS O C b u ,r - ta ll ty a n . . ,r - -e l lg lo s ,~ ty 'I n . • . ., O m l n a t l u l , g't , e c,I5COUrse o n ",_'1B_lmJi 'a n . : . a n~.£'.t':.._iri· h....~·b~.. n m ade to und:,._" 'n,d-Ith is ph..enomenon 'Reeoen; ' i":"IO!'\' ' ' 'a"0 ' ~CI1ll[I,", _ '~ I . .~"ir.IJ[ .. ,1, . iII . \r. I •. ;\r..L~,_a· .. _ ~ .,.[ .. \.1'] ~.l.U~,II!I.' I'\J;UJb;_ .. JI~.U.,1 _ . _ 1 Jll,

Par t i c i ;pa .c a t ion of . M u s l i m s ~is ,moih'cf',o.n~;r.ibuclo.n'b y P m C Im.riaz.Ahmed.~.l..~.=~ b ' . .. ~ "';::; discussed .. . , :1. . ,• issu ... ,. .. . .t;' ~E"i'i.1l ~.i:" ' : :--- 'L:,iI '!i;·il.l·~·~~~I':H!'II!l' and th...· role ' ! "of"WI~C ,_~~ ,"~ ~~~~_' .., w~ L!IIg_~, y,f' ~~,~, ·~·,lJm~,.l~ IV.~;~-~_:~·Ii~ ~I: .. :... ~__ )liil!l ~,_:_"I.:., u~

Islam.,in socialorder ~n,thecontext of Dalit and , m i . n o i r i l y ·issues,-I hi ' ITh ' - C o'. f D-~" M ~'-",~_'I~ -U'" I - D ~ 'Shak ~ill ',15 essay 0',0 -"I .n e Lcncept IO.i, limIt, .~, USLlm ,I[nty" . ~ ' r. . ' : ::Me~~,

Ahmed Samd,ani,says; that: ehe main :H~ISO.n for the prevalence 101f''mr(';caste~hHn. i Pi' ' : -H" ~'Hdu-'~I,I ' i ' . .n;o- ' j .<Iiftj. and ;bl=c:" 'L m "~n~~:,,11d "01 '" inance has b-"'HI rh.... ~·==~:i~~~'t'i;·~v'I·¥.~·~~;I' , I -~ ~ .• ' . '.P-&[. _-._.' ~!Ii.r4~''''1 I~_~ .. ' ...r.iItIl . -~~ ~~ .. 'U[~_ ~._-~_~ .. ~ [_ ,~, _. ·~~,I, . _ I'lir. lUY[~~.L'U&~

L......_... ·0....'1:" d~I . . _A ' . , . . . . .: i :" 'H":r il L... ...L f '-"1 '· ': l- ,Uel:.w'ee,D..1~a.lts ;m ..' . J/ ,¥ ; llt iMUns:. .. - - :e: .:rU.IS· tl~:t il.ie te-n,ets 0'; I.:i am, are ;a,p1lnst

a sttiSm or a n,)",ld ndof ,biem.rchicalorderin.guf'soci,ecy;,,I t Idoes notaccept '.lls...,,.;imi.nalt'~'-.n.onr·Ib.,~, il. ...~ls,.- r reed Of' o·· · :.C-·C·. 'I i ;i .f i~tO-"· 'O.fi .'Yf'1"': it· itc .. . .: £ ~ I C - t- ' . ..:l..~:t'u. ~""" ' ;L ,~~o , __ uu::IU~ .. 0 ~ - ..... !;;I!r- ~~~.. ....'!.J ~,!. ~ ~ ~~ .. u:(a;"M ~.' '.' 'I I .....__l .... jL _ ~ ~ .~ ~ ..J ~'Il b D"'~'~"·M ·.']'" ~WdM. tn:te '.'ecl;!~ .nave .flot' t::itCt1.. mUUl 3 J ~QUit' , . · .a!lU ' .. ..•.us i.m. OOI.ty:,

~ , C o m m .O llunders,tanding101 .0R . e s e n r a , ii , o .n"by f o 11 n e rle,gjsla(orSyed,c; 'b--'L _iL d-.11" ~" ~'IL. b '. . J!" - ,j, d - d - -,. . ,-~·aniIJ_[JII·· . .n . ··,·····1:; .. ,' ED" _ ·····j,·c .. i"···'··,' ,.',. , ·,_····'·····:·:···'-1-············ "_,'-,I~ -~~__ ~~-" U --- '_:__U loutc_ln.~ ~ ___1-'~ ,_:_,asu; : ; ,c;on ~~.u01U; ·:In, rK o m .m en · ·a ,n o n .S !I.Of

,d·l;,.-'il~nlm···I.n; '"0 · :· f ~ . ~ ~ ~' -M'· · · · - · jw ·j. ~ · : i ,m ,1 "",.n'"" iP; ' i" i i ·U.i I f ' I I l : jtve ·m ·1"! ' I I rdle:'I:.-f · t'~;iIIi gc. . . . . . ' . . . .~II" r ;_ ' m '-,'1lY'II ; ;Hie ' "· -c;v.QVrl .,~, ,';. .. ,' " ':. '-I ~, ." '. _ _-1-1.1. ~~111-~11~·._ ~"I~l"!t.:I;II '~', PI _.- U.,: I!l.Jlt~ ... aul~il1 ~~. _~tll~~~· .-\r.,

. R e , p O R tw.h erein .h ehcu :d e s c " r i b e dthe: .importanceof reservation.fo r tne;r,empower,ment"A s sessing th e.mMlne~·in w hich .'th.e. i s sue" ,fd.evtlo-pm.entofthe :MusHm.com.muni~in .India h a sbeen an pro3,ched1N ~J a m a JAmari . has ·~I ,r I

~...!1.~...J" ~ 'L._ M ' II'" t.~ '" .~.J d 1 " ' . . . .L . I' ..J.... ..JilHCU ro ,lnvesu,gate WJla't . ,: •.IUSI~U:nS,llltVe gatntu"'m.C • ,08[ : S I O O O :ifle' nucpen.uen.ce· . , ldi ", 194'-7'Mnd M h"bu~rH h ' . i ~- .. _ .1 . . . ~'m ". f ,..L_o,n ,'11 ~)a,In ,~ _: ~,,_O~I~, ..,_,_0,-,_1."_,_aq, ,~ ,~as ,wnnen,'~OUI'[ ,__~e Issue '0 ,_ ~

nn~:i ·ce_ ;a ·:r ' id, ;m -. ~ifi A n · " ;:" ~ ;- '.·H- · · ·· e . ;h · 'oj,lto a n · '. ~ '''" :1~_.J .... l·, oti · ro" · ··1 ,'e o'0 .' : f~-th oI: ,.iii poe t ~""' :~.;n 00· · · · · ·':m - ';m ' - :.· . un~~ ' :. .""~r u -~: •. 1_ J ILI&Ut . I"_I~~ [ .. I _ ~ -~J'W'C'U ;Ul~[. . .) IW ." ~_II~ !IL . . _ " ,0

Copy r ghfed mater al



riots ln India; e s p . · .c c l a J [ y 'these J , n v o [ v ] n ~,M 'lU S I im .5 ;I!Sikbsin Secular. India 'II _ ' C I i

'L,::,,"~"b'·...1 1 W il'i - -n bv ' : -D, t :U''''c'''' hmir S in e h ,:',:"d~;~, ' ,_ ' ,v·~,-:.JId ·'," ,- ,- " ',- .- , : :" - ,-- .. .it ".-".'-.' :,--.-,'n~ _ e c _ ~ =tU'__ IUy ,'-' .. ='0 ~ '. .- ~ ~ gtJ ,; ln . ,1 5 ,a ,_"IV]u.I. escnptlon o.~:oon(ext, . "d '- .''ILII:··:L_ . 'f:';L ·S ',;'I_,t._~ ,· - '" . 'IL" _t_. .. .... ..'d '- 11 - "f~'6', · l i- i . ~ '" " ."'f"-an , esraDJJ1Sm:nent 0" IRe I lIUl re~l,w,onWal,cn lem~r:gi~, QUi[ '0, ~. re g l,on s orIndi . -I i th ., ,.,I hi~,L' ., b__ =.-II

, - ', .'la a.nu::l ,c :,prlnd,plfS on. 'W :1'- dfl It ¥ sv~,.,T he .fourth sectionI C O . n S ~ : t sof' r e s o l u r i o n spassed b y ',tbe delegates

,-,~- .;-~, "" "; the .''.. _..'. ,c_I', ',' ·T- --h ·,·,'- :h '~ : -rsonof ~L. P .I' .", r - , '- ' .'. -par t l .c~paUl1g,at t. e eonrerence. " .e ct aupeF.'SO.n 0 , tne [[1£;5,£ co,nileren.ce~M r, Ram Vilas Paswan, has: 'beaJut~,fuJ]ywoven i[ngerlu~r the views of m e

C'· ru . - '. , .. .L 1 '. ' E -r I " " " " ,, ,: l .n d ..,'1 1. . ' " 'b "" '" --~ -_ . . . h - -II~- .~~ d -T -'h -p a r icipantsm U te jm g u ag ~ ''0 '_,st:bJJ1,f5&!tea n c Ute:o-Jecnvest ;.al ne ;U ,11 !C l ',~ ,e

fifth secrlonconta ins se~ec~ed ,ph otog raph s fromthe conference:.T he cements ofdns book do nothavealteredversionso.f ' tb,epresentations

made. ,W e' h ave'friedour best tO I rep~resentthe 'viewsand,eonrribueions madeby the participantsill thelroriginal: fa , r,mand in'an uncomplicated,manner,W ;'- 'b U -r- . . .h a -,,,",II.. - -g h " - . .ill th --m -- - -. - --. -,--o f D ~V '---' " . -d , '"s; .- -+ -.+.--_,C __e ~eYe:U,L_,,[ UJ.oU __,[S O ~ J L3!' e _ ! , ~ _ , p o w e : r m e n l r .(1 ._ ;a.ucs, an·. mlftOnnes,. ' h - -1 ,31~ ;b ·L_I ,-- ..~ "- ,1- ' - ' . ,· .d · ,~ ·· . , . ,'iLil··s o~ uu ,e K ept as Slm p,e a n . (w ea r as!p0ssu:ne i

:T h -" . . . - '; ., 0 . .. .s ; ' f"85d e l - - , ~ -&0 - 1 8 'd~ 'R i"- '--- - . ~ - h -d '." '... I . . I .. ....' ".- .." .," ' ., .I" -__."," '.' ".' " hi , I . . '.' ., " " epa_fflC:lp3Jl_ton0' ' " eegan~s H .' . ',m , .,. ,·[,erlent eountrres " .asprove·h .h - --- - - .,-aI -ls e d - --d --- - - --~ '- - - - - - --1 -- - -f~h- - - rld --- . - - --,0 - '" -- . hOi

I ~ :" ~ •• " ... "., .' I .[- ' ," .. ~-' f' ,- .": -. ,. " I" .. : " , " ,i . I : . ' I' ~ (-I" .. 1.,...• . .. ' "•.•. "J ~ I~','" II i (. I (' I "'_',t a t t ' c,,m a rg ,ln _ ,l.. _an: _'pow er aspeop es 0 ,L ,CWo.[, c-" \WJlt to unn:e III tne- ----(,....-....1-, ,-t 'c : .-e h - ,~ ;- , ,- -'~ ,~IL . , : ,- -:' 0" . -1-- . . J - [ - . - : : . - : : " . - C:-.',-,_-,,~,-; £ ': -- :: ', - _ -, r .C : 'I -- ·- :~ : ·'- 'I ·- = -· -- : - - .. . - -_ '~ ' :- ,- ,'h '- ·-1'-s t_ ru,~c ,[or [ e-J I ng n ts " ... ·U _f'( liCc ,ga lc I :f ',u :nm, r re rn, (o . rc : : [ ,gnceunmes " a V I C ,

been, 'Verypleas e d .and are op~imistic about the o.ngp,ing ground~.levlei,snuggle' ro'f:soc ia l chaneein India,T, h p : vhave ,a np;le(l~ed,theircQmmitmr:-· et -, ,hdn, . \, ., .. . .. . '-='.0 --- _'I" -"" '" _. -, , .- - , g , . . . . . . -~ ~ en 0 , i.-,r··. I I' ; ,' I~--'II'~'~'- -~; ,- - -;~ r ,.,L~-, '.' - :.: _ '-,' r "1 ~; _. i~,-., -' -'L_:,t'~~'l ... i;--, ;b , ,_ . ,o'rgan~~,,su-u;~,eonterences m meir respeenve 00 untnes smoe Uley lecJ, Ulilit ' . r0-i~tl:"Y,:;ng-., such m~n"'''' ,,,:,,L$'~~~'I~ su,ooess.,iC::-11 : i iA'unitina I"I"Ii '(Jil 1-'g · ' ·~~ '_ ' · ' l · "1"A d. :'PIl ' lO:U'' p~ :In.. l.J~~~_~&;." .., . _ .U-ll ~1f'''--"~It~ U~I,-.". w u _~ ,.. . . _ .~~.J 11~ ~JJ.IjJ ~y J.. . '.0' [.... &am. : _ : J iI I_ ll aI _ -~ '. - ':D 1 1 ! . " ..II]! !P I - ,

...heir counties ~"we1~WhA<npeople in Injl.:'~,C;_t d " " d -n- - t- ,~L;d;~tr~ - -h;; t - --- : j ' ! Ih-UiIC_ i_ ~IWll, : ~__ _ '.:- ,_'.... r: u __ I_ '_; __ ,_ , . ,I_.JWP i.w~~ ,via lt~ ... , e,uo,il\,..;!IO U!I]!,p.e:" .

",1..". .. . . ~ .. . 'i ' - ': . . I · j ,k·A u "- -~ l · i · 'C ;'W 1-.J1 - 'M · · · · ', - '. -- - . - ,' S" -~tne PO,WCfjiCSS are on, m counrnes , _ , f l . •,e ,, · · . .Sh, !i :U~a, . ;,; ,~_cuen .~ . ' ._,y a n :m 'a T i:" ..[1

l'_L_ 'U·''K > 'U "I :S · 'A'" B:··· " .. ., l" '1 i d- . .h ''I ' -_ . 'C '" d '- . , . , ,. .I.. £: ~,- .) . 'f:',LanKa, '.-~,: i':Ii- ,i - 'i 1< i!ll .an,&m , -_ f:S , , .L ..a .O ,S tt . . . . . .ana,:a i,et,c~,j;mer ,i[,e~,[a s e n s - e0.,

',~.. ..rd l:,L ,c :e S - _ - ,-:,',11I(]I,7- ,-ive'n lY, : : 'I IU ' m -- ,j"ti,a] . d ~ : -I - - ; -.. - - , -~ 'h " '-I ', ,- -_ . ~ . "- "_ .-.-.l lsc~ - d 'I :~ ..o o = u cn_ -_ .. __ugge.s_~_fiS g _ , ~y __'_jL _ ,_ a L (L ~ _ =e _e g a .te s ,_ dJ ,v eueen ,,ISle a t

the'end,'T '-Il . . . . :b oo k :...,._.,"~]'b . ' ', ', .i F · I]. -C :' , - ~ . :- ,w h '._ ''.- ':" '1 --," .'-';C I'" '_"C :~, :.'~,-.,- .-,- -, ~;,--;, .- :-, '-I-"~"--_-'-C ','- - .-,n15 DUO,.. W,l~_, . ' .Cusem ,f.Of;[nose __.0 wan,t[0 par.nc],p2[C,In. or support

the S!Iuggle: f O ( rrighrso.fthe: ,pootan.d the: d ,eprivod sc:crionso f . l n d i a n .,soc,~ety~'Th is boo,k'YtlU,a lso,b e :at usefUl,~-OU1iO'! r o r '$rtldeftt~ Q lf'polItical~ienlce and

. . '1 .JI~ e llh ~ £ ': ... . •~ h ~ 11..l"SOCl,()' ogy to uFi,u.C:rtsta_" t i~e: sttu,ggle [;ut S'OC~i3JJ'e lange In ,IJ,DuI3 ..

'T,h is 'book,' w Q u i , dnot ,h -arvfbeen.poss ih l e 'witbout ' the ,im m e n s~ b e~ p. -~ ', . .- b - " -. ' " . "·d · · ;o .. - _H ." 'M "_ .'Q - " b-- '"AI'- '"'H " '. , 'L_._ f l- - '. '. '. 'e ll- I .."d ~gn';en f ren,ow ne _Juurnw s(:", ",r , .LU, _an:, I" ,- ,~e I lW i! _ne-tune, _an,__'ir"'·OD'..Je·n·, , , ·ad:pilr-"'i"''''li'"",C""~II,!,,_, : - " , - i I - 't-·hd e·· · . . , . , . , . . .-y' , .= 0 '' i -he ' "fi--,-t ,; t 'a - - " "~ ; " f 'O f i - 'M ·:I, , p,-~~,..J,-p.....:..':__,__,Y!_.,_.;I ........__, " , i I i , ,~""" ' ,ca,u, w· c _ ,'"" ':__.;!i~",' ~ J. ' ._ 1,._,:' .... _~;;;!I', ~1I":C~_l,y_ _,,, , :_ _ ,= T ., _r, iUJ. .oe"

S .. .. . . . .1+ h- "b ,_.J b. .'.. fu] .. d-": r lvas , ta r. : :va~a Jouma&t~t.~ ;- a s C-O',D'lrrluIlUw u Y ' g n 'iJ ~g u se :~ ·-I ,su g ge stio ns; .....u r.Ul!;

th ,0 f'm"' b k ru b kK J- , C -h d h a r y ' S - : h . .bh S ' - -, '. " '''''a 'Ii "- '''i :'l- ,iI '" i,n 'o,'I""'lC 1 ·0 0···· · · ·- ... ,', ....:"m, . , [:. -1 , '." , " ', : " ': ', : ':- , '·1 "" " ', ':' m'·:·; ',e p ,re p _ ,~ ~ ""U, __ .', I, ' ~ .. __. _'-''' ' ,0·_ ", ~ Jl_ :_ _,_ a_ , . '_ _._ au _ _ '-'., !_ ,~,_anl_·: __ ,__ .u ,'1; ,_ u_,- ,_m,"-I-_- ,d '' ·M, · · ' ·_ - · . . J" ': -_- I8; : : · , , · . . . .1 , ,1 · · ", 'h - · ' _ - . -. -. -, ~ . ~ - .._-. ,_--~, . , . - - .J.,n:,o',·,niJli,l.--. CC!'L,l...: h - - , - - , - ~ · · ~ ; - 1,J~r-i\'an , ,_ aWiln ,'- I.n5u:; W, .0, are aMOClatcu, WIL 1 v1dJil--fJi'1Rr:a ,ave tflCU, tll:weu

:ieve[best: ~U' k eep 'w iththe 0 rigin:a1 lan,gua,ge 'and ex.pressi,on of the,-.:~'I-_-t'-,~'t;.'-;'-""'- '--.-W i," ,,,: h : ..~"- I t: ' ' ' 'hl'~hi- ' l ,- ' -I':: .. r; 'J '~ ' iIf-- - : : · d ' - --I 'K '< -'- -~-" I'--' "-_ - , J 'N,-~':"V 'l: ..JIL,_.-" .-"-,conIL.F.luUl,Ors" .. , [I I. . . ,oL!h:. !I i. ,C ,e . ,Por, I!l.,en 1,31, . ,um,ar anu ,. ·eua, wawl3;W,;iUl"

h ' il._ ,0 ib . b 'k '. fi ' .~II ,t. h" "d L = b 'L.~W ,0 ,ILI"'!: ,g_I,ven {fLe .OO,'~ us :]llw lorm:~ ~·~u W ( )'U I .- _ ',,00[: filive ~een , p o s s : t u ~ , e !'W ith ou t [h ,c ,silen tpersevera nce ofSusbi! 'Ku..rnarSingh"Bi : [ t .od~: i lir . wouldb·_- : - · · ·Ilc -- - . ~ -- :.· · '~ 'b · l ·' - . ; ' ' :. ; ,- ' ~ " ._ . , - . ,.-, · ·. . .d '· '," -d - . ._-_L. : ' " lb···,l~, i" ---'b ~ -"'L,, --. ,.:~, "ave ueen Im',poSSI,,e ·ro p r.ln .tan,. P,FoUce t U J . : 5 , OO,Kdl sue iii,suort umeP o.~ ~ l · : - J ·'H; ' """'D· ," ' !1-I" .1111,"i I" " " "m - ' . i '1 i " li :; ~ c - _ 1 i; l 'J ,b-- ,O· il 'i il! " .. .'L ·, e - :'- W O ',' - '1-k ':,~;fo~~PT'i"".,j 1""'0'1 jL · ] ·m - , : ,:· a -n- , ' ,d · · -w · ' . .. ..r-_ .k~d · -,....,1· lJU.. . fIW . ,_~~,... ~,_. 1,f."'l~A.I._IILIL U IiIIL. """" Y_I. ". '.. l., ~1I~.tC'.l ,~ . ,~~I_- I _ l .. ' ~...... Ji.i!. J

d i iJi , g e n . d y ~B ut utm ost graEirud~ ,m uSE'b e exp.ressed. tothe ch airpe.rson of

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,-iL _ ',.-, 'It'" "- ,- , M - - 'D'"'!"'_I 'rri]-'~''. ',p -- - - -," • . 'rh o ,"', -"-''.-I ed th p-- : . -~i I '-M "- '- '- - ,', : '- ,- - _ - ,tne con terence, ',' f. ,I"\.au.lJv W as ,a5VI!'anwno prepa re '- ,i[" e ,.nme , I " , .tm s te r" ,' ',d -Io.. 'i! . ,_ ,_ -- , ,- - :"+'"t' --,;to: " 1 - - 1 ,.,L:, '-' " t '" -: -- ' , -- . , ' ' ', - , ' , - ',]-'l---~'-,_-II; ",-, this - ;C l ! :~1'r ~ ' '- ':an I,~ m er mU 'u_:s"ei[~In me,go,ernmear .. 0 C,Q,auor.a ..e in "1,,lS, C,I;,I'Q.r 1",0

e , m , p o w e - r(n ,e,powerless"T h .is isw"Y'most of 'the'ir n p o r t a n rministers o f dllC'

Indian government atrended thws conference and expressed t h e i , T 'eommitment ~:O' f'll. .e . . .., ; o1 I ! li l!li! ' ,e-'rr th '!Ii!' e t ;£ o ' - '~ ' - r- iF . .. .-"iIn, p---ro vid e ...ra- - - -y- , - 'o ,€ ' ho pe and[~ ..' ;', " I,ll', ,'I ' II r. , ', '- ILl:. Il,lll', ~,IUi.J .~ If ,,",1..,1 . ~[[ll:l,~,!Ib ~~I '~'IIU,,;~}I J. G ,: :~'. _[ .. :;'_l_ .. !\.;;.• ~l··

£m~.irn~e:so cia l c ha ng c ~,'we,believethat we have been $\.u:ce-ssfulin lour fir,st:[~fill~~V:'i" r 0 "" 'h ,' _' ,O , 'U"r' frr:P.~.'F J ~ I i i ' 1 ' U 'I I ' i""eY' ' - 'on , . , i ILiiP' ih~''',t. rowards;III :WI-,Ip.nowerm ene i i' 1 " lf ' - ',D- : ,~I"l'~t';~~~JlaJi'_n.~U, .. ,,1 .. __ I ! I; JI "'' '- r. A 'I , . .V __J~.L .... HI 'lfL~ l"""'I"[ll,, .'~-'R_~ 1 II . r . •• _ .!l-'~" ,,- IIIl U, .it.I=LL_1J!

and minorities.e'~~,.- sh B,h'·"""~:'v::I~1,~Oil!l,---~ --'-- __ J!!I.~ i!!4]"",

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R am..·-c"c. V il18 · · · · · 8 -Paswann" _ ,.1 . ,U W

M ,ypolitical j,d e ollo g y ,s m _ n :o o'W ith th e' S am yu kraS o c i a m l s tP a r t y but I haveb e e n',mo5t , i n R w e J l o o d J~ Y 'rh ,e p b ii ,o s o p :h yand teachings o f B a b a S a h e hA m'L.-· ..l.I~~ ~ ' s- , ', l. '~II.J'L. d ]-..i berl id L 1-""" c'_____,~.,~nlJoe' CJU~UU,OO', w,e w e re tOu .nOt to' ee , r, f ,iP : .3MOUC , r e ' _ lg t ,Q ,nh'

'" d O , _.___j ' t- b h b . 1-'it' ' -H - ' '; 'd'we consmereaourseves 'to .e ,'.um an ..e~ngs:, u you are " ''ul 0: 1, you must~-L '. 1:-.. . . . h - fo ' .. .L 'M ' '~ " ,r : h S,~'LL d~e u:as:I. lace 'LJit you, areone-I ~urtn , ",U 8 ~ 1 . m ~one-tours ,[I, "_:iAnan :_.one ..,fourth. Chrlsdan. .I f'voY. a rea man" Y 'ou must u 'll,der.s'C ; ln ,ddlai't 'VOIU 'a re ,~al :f• ,- • • .•• •• - ... 1 J" .. . .. ... . - ;Ii. . . - _.. .. . .... ..- - _ . J . .. . ._ -

. - · · f - ', ,' . . , " " - ., . '.d h I'f"~~··· '" -, - .... ~. ., ' h , - , . .'I - ·d -b , ." -b -" ', . .': . . ''f~I!,. , h -o , yOlJ, IS a ,m~_nan· '" , a l _ .]5 il, w o m a n " .I t s ,II ,on ,,, ""e :3, [ (o,m, '"manon 0., Dot ' ,1 '

you m ust k eep rhe 0',01)41 ualrs lo~fm en a nd ; r : I ! . . . j i i ;take on , , , :1 ; . ; .0 ;zood, 'I!J I"" _ _:= , ,, "". ,K! - " _ ...n, it) ' !o _ U , I~,=iQ,~" "-"" .. _: .. ,,",U, __ I ,! !! " . '! Lu~ g,. ~ ~., " ,n , , , , " ,t:)'I!.;!'

charaeretisticsof women, W orn,en'[00.-,

can be na tioua lista nd socia lis [if-- - - - - . - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - _ ,! - .--- _ - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - ---

they tal'e o',n.t h e s etra its from , m en,0 '1" . ,R am Manohar Lohia w ould,, say)1 .. ." , " ,;; :''I '' h ' -d ' ,".c~_. " b '-:" -- .'S ' ~ ._ .-- , '- --d - D : ·- ,- ·"madi '1 ' , ', '" ' - ' ] -d-a l . I ' lo akt~~at, u , " ,a · ,~o cuorue,CMee:n : ,1m an·, ,- , r a u p l 3 . ' "I,~.', WOU,I-, ,'. ,~;ys ,00, '

"tli 'D '1 <I;;I,-:il~ . '" 'Ih . -ideal w; ---:;, - , sh- ·,- rd ':, ,' - -~ ~ : ,ii, ~... ,. , .; J L ' '' ,'fa'. '. c-::- ' .· f 'I J,PO, -" , ~c raupa u~ a s,L" C = ,,'. ,ea~ __o m a n ,s~n(:~'.__~e uL , ,llO[ g~vt up ~n.l!Ue= " , , -ce ,0..'!II !I! +!

,~.n~~[uc,e"W e have th i s 'belief. from rhe b e , g i n n & l i . i l t .' those "whoa re m arg ina!i~ .~ .

,..hosew ho a re ~I, . . : : .m.•in orities . '~re fro m a m on sstW ·-( ' · - '·T' - -:~oII' minerities in Indiauuv~ __ " Q!L,"'" U J,e . _ ] _ _ _ . . ..;!I a _ r -e u - o _= ~;!I,~ --t::r'" ... ~ "_ U\r - __ . _ = '" ~ _ _ ~ -Q

baryebeen created![OUt of the' same ,soc~aJand! cultu ra lfabl~Cas the rest of us,They belong:'[.0 the sam e histodcal,pr.-oce.ss:as the rest ofUS~ T h ousa nd s: of

yea~ ag~)~,w hen M ah a tm a 'B ud d haiarroduced B ud d h ism ,inIndia, therewereonly:a few m anta 1n Sa rna th' w h ocame 'to rece ive educaricn: f r. -Q[ ,m,him,Slowl.y~hls . religi ,O'lLl!:(e~u.:hIng.~spread: fa rand w id .eand , t t reached : fo , re : ignsh"0 ' _ , .... ""'W ', , \Q~I ] -~ Til~ word0 '"f-~'~'sl~I0 1 -1 "!II iI"!i_j: c ·<I; ill'' l 'er'I'llr~:itv was ep i l! '~a · , ·d · · :n Ii!'"IiI'M u"Ill'~ H1. ,". ~'!I'" !Eh1 J!' " . -,_~ W ~ , l ~l! !1r. -a- v'. (ll '. 1 liJQi .•~_ h.. Q .HllU . -_iI!m ~I .ill'" o!Al~11 ~ll _" ~~ rIi'!i., · Il '- r. _ .. .. !l!llll'J 1ii i I! ' t,!::IiHIi,111,A&. 1

m annez, T henSikh is:m emerged ., On .e.o fth e m :a i.nrea so ns fo rt'he p O , p u l a r l t y,and s,preadof other ~d1:gions,in 'IndIa ' w a s :d ue' to th e v ices o f' HIndur e l 1 g i o nand the do.nl~l1Jant brahmlnleal~:y.:;it ,C;W ,thrall :cxi;s,t'c(l. 'Tbe bigc;st 'vitO:'w,ii\S tn,e

caste s y s t e m which , h . i ! c r. 3 J f 1 c h i c a l l y 'djvid.~nsociety a n a , promoted t : h , epractice-[ " . u m o u c h -· ·- 'b · ,i l : ,f V 'T -.he sa n p le p rin c ip.r le s ""'nd.eoual rreatment of au wasC L U~nYU"" Jl".1 I-·,r,l~ ""J! ,s.~ .. ~ .P ~c ._ " '" " _ ~ _ "'"U4U " ....~. _"""" "_ .. " .. "

prem ised by' C bristianity; S ik hism , Islam a ndBuddhismand 'mi ;s 'artractedp e o p l e ,l e s , p e c i d l y 't h o s e,w h o 'w e re' Vi C i d m sof.social bIas ,and,dU t;r.hnlnadon.., I fw : -t' -,.1-': - tb.: '--.-'.':11 '- -,f '.. h-L ~ .d . ''1~·~:rhnlrt'ticn - we w ~ U fi:n !ddun n,o' su c h th in e" _e " ,m ce 'I.," e ro o,,!0_ 'IL_~S~5C_~= a_o_~,. ___ ____ ___ _ ~_ ___ _ "_ _,gaUled Hindu retigilonexisted ~.fi a ncient rim es,Ve d ic ,re lig io nw a s fo llo w edpI,iot, ( -0the a dventof B udd h ism , T he heed of, { :hehouseh old , used . to b e'the

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w e re n om~ddrl,em!e_nin 1 ie , lig ;,o n . .,' H I ' ~ -d ~ ',,- - -' 1 - -d ~-, w ord ~ '- ,- -C o - - - - ",' ~,.J~, Indi '1 - " - - - - - - -'I',~, ,, ' f_n"U 15 not an .n nan 'wor, ,1 'rt ca me rrem outsiaein ua , , :11somepaces

~,i" mean ~,tL_,,..'I,~m an'. ~IHI :o~' i :h;e:-Ji i ' i_j ':it' m ea ns d 'estrovers, -M ' :' ,'~ ,o · .~ ~h i s ro r i ans be l i eve1,'- I. ! \r. · i i i I_II UIalJ;(1 L G_ . I J "_ " _ ,tI l .. ~ ,Ill-ill IlL., . \r!lil; ~ .. i.1ilL,L:U11 ._ ...;~~ ,. _" ~I!Ir. IIJ~. ..1:_QIlJ.oa DC \i.;.-y. I

, fL · - ', . .:L.· " .•... ~~ h " ';-"." .",- --',f :. " -L - lfi---'~ " 'I - - ... - ~Wh -,- u, n -, ,~. --tnat U I,eW01:U "a s,[t o r, l; g u l iU : e srrom tn e rersian " a n g n a , g e ' ~ _ "I .en tne rersisnsca me h ere,'tlley ca lled th ose people H jnd u,'w , ho liv e d ,along th e bsnkof th eS'· .JIIL • '[ L 'D ,. 1 - .. .. . .JII' h ; d thi .,:inw 'u r,lver~In me Persian anguag-e, "s' ts pronouncee as '- ':, an.tms 18

where'm ew ord H induorigma~e;s,from ,. T h is m ea ns,th e word lHindu doesh- ~ ,- ~ 'TilL." d -h b a, _. j h - .' I'" ~nor ave ,3 re.~igJon. ,I rus wor ., nas nor :,een mennoned anyw ;,e,[em ,r:eI.l~I,OUS

~ ....iL D_ 'M ' L_ bh G -.· ...L. ,\' d 'T oil" d l',ep.lcs, rn e ,n,a m aya na ,,L.' Ianan Iarata, I_~lta",we 'ye· ias , even. 1!!.1 Sl" as .8'Ramchar iunanas 'w, h i , c nis 400 y,ear,s o ld~ lacksany reference 'to the : 't erm.If'~ d '-. how cani L~ ['..' '..,

rt_ oesn '[ existas ill term, now can. u I;H.': a re 19~on,~'H " d- ~ t, ft ' h L .~~'L. ~ + ~ ~ ' . bli b.~ . .J,Iin.::~ tusm w as born all,_,ertnebrahminkal caste s,yst.e~mw as esran IS.(W,cU;,

' Ti l . . ; ,E '"'''1I£,rjli. S 'll1 l're -'m ', -'1'1 i!""Ii ,t"' ' f . . ' lI;j!-e- 'd:0- ' -n-, co "' U '- 'r--'tr''!!lm' i a s - B"r, . . .Lm'--ji'" 'v .... '-h"'ii,fi't]·.". .... v.~; ; ' [L ' -h- ,v."I ia n d. , , I~ L A I _ .: IJ~Ii~, r i } ' Q'-',' - I 'n~ D M r iiJ ' ,' . ~ _ .[._I lr~· ,' .. I T 8_ I ~ A;.JI~ _ I ,;a J :1 '_ '1!I'~:t. ~1_'A~!" ''/:_; _. ~-' 'J'". ~llJ. _.

S h-I !1 ' ld '}1" '" ' I iB"", i ' : ' . " I ih '~m.:!!'~' 'I I H O I ! o I , eth'j!!o, 'p ' ,r:;iIliC Ii ' '' !! 'a n d w e rethe h ii lg 'c'h ' ~1ii''''''''i~''JQ ! in t h ' ] ; " ! ! ' :SY'v s r e m.IU - ;l.iS,. . . ~.4 . "I , ',·lJ.~,l_.!I! "!VI!I..,. ~ -, 11. .. . " ,111b-.:1'I....iJ a· ·0. "-.r_Il,b It, "~ . l . ·,-,alli,;, ~.Jb· " _, '_' .. -iJ .. :: Il l! ~ I .•- - - - - - -- - - - - - --- - - - - - - I - - - - - - - - - -- - - - '_.'- - - - - - - - - - - - ,_. - - -

Brahmi d Kshatri 1 '[bo db ·' B ra h .. d ~red, -- : ,~', : m - ;- :-J ' O 'S '' 1 ' 1 -1 '-: ," :-::-'["--,--.-:-,-:-',-.-' C': ' : ' ' 'C ',-I 'C, -'--,-:- 'C ' - -'''C , -,-, ,-- ;:"'-I-':~I-'-:-' p -- ': -'- '~ - ,- - .: ' ' ;- '- .:I 'c_~ n u n s e - ,e ll:- :-,- -, , ,Inl " "l , r]~:IIl , ... 0 l':!I, If"l"'_ , O ' F ]I i , "'l'l'f F'I~: ,A i l . '[ l l' J ' I I iF,'!i~, " i ll _ , Ie '"lI1'. __ .... I " __'~" . t. :. • .• I•• Mii. ' l'W ' rlo l' , .. ·.. .A i .. ·".IIA !\r... 1.· ...1"'"'1·&· ,... o,':..... '.y·liirl, 1:*i.J,-." .. , ·.1· _ .. _'_ jpi. _.-_.

ksha , t r ' i . y a stn h e' ( b e rein ca m a rio n o f' G odand rhe KShatriy.as~n retu rn m a dethern m ,e[ 'OW , _p[,ies(S,.' Va i s h y a sand!sh~d r,a s w e re k ep tout of,power~ ' Va i s n y ; a swer told to indul ,": i .b usln ess a nd"'_';""'I']'-"."I"-,-'w h·'~i"'L··IS ::L.'ld"'-,:,-",,, (.',toldere 00_, €O L, __u,g-eill_ usmeasan agncuuure w nne m e nunraswere to ,[u b ein th e ,S l e ,rv ,ic eof''the: u,p,pere a ste s . .,'This sys~e'm,'was .then decided,byb~rtbto maintain- s u c h ,a socia lorder . Even wi. ' th i .n ,g 'the Shudras, 'rNO ca't~go,ri~"Swere created, One of'them, 'w,asa llotte d 'w o rk .Uke cooking:foodill shopp;ingc.., ",,~,_. _. ~.······kin.-.-~. r" ... ,~I _. t" · rh ':'- '''i'h-r . '.-!It.' ."':, ':;'. · , ''' ' 'v :"i''L -',' -,·km r g rocenes" I,'O O ~_:__,-_,garrer came, ere, .,..;'ne QI~=_.e:_I.Ob.,egorywas ,gt, en me wor , ,

f leani k i d II ~ h ]' .' L h - T h i"a c !ea n~ ng '" m _1:lng - ;ID '.C _ , e a E l l E l : gsnoes, ceanang iua't,' rooms, etc, ..' is earnerCltegoryw a s .ca lled ~eouchables'while m e 'la tter w er.e ca U ed , 'un touch ab les ~'.F ur strict m alntenance ofd, ' l lL S. social .o rd er, ~ :[irict ru les: w e re c r eat o o .It' 'w a s.t!"'i;id-, t ha t e v e n ,~f:'iI, B____ ' l jLm· ·~ , l l ndo ,O-~'~ ,n · · · : ' I I 'k n o w a ~ 'h '' ""-0:- : - : 'abour relislc ~!'I.~ r - ] ", ' ru i -< r i ' I_ : " "1;.~~____~" ""''!''- iA _liW ~~, ...... ~,J)"" , 1 i i i .U . . . ..W _ ' Ii .. , "g au Ul~, ""'. g L O U 4 , .aUt" U!I;.o,

h' ld " '11 '1'b ' l h'l" ped h " 'J · ' r : :'S- 'h ' ld - h a J ~kn 't ' d ' d ' kj- "]-1-~, .. ( I.· ~-I; ! •. :~. ",-., ·:'I ·j ,., ,.. _.,' .1" :. :.~,.:-.L":- ... , ·11·j ' ,I .-!· · II.. ·~:·. '·"I···-,I~r·:·_,·- -(.)·,,1 I· :.. ..' ..s , ,ou_,_ .s :t~ . . e w o es ,1 ,P , , ..W,.l ,e if!Yenl. 3- ,n . r n . a s.:, ...., ow, e . ,g le,, a ; n , _ ,,S ... _j

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S''11;i9i, ' t ' I i~'l 'v 'iIt 'h-,pi 'iI!'(;"5i'FII'11I!' o, ' f '"'$. ' L'I ' ,d '". . . . - ; ,s-'d'e,,,,;:iII,lo' i '><!Ii ' ' 'ed-1to ' ,'E"-ur ' -h '" l in-e:''¥'ilto;<i'l''iII '(' ;o,ika t" "h - 'Mif- :lu t .T ...1."1 ~_ ,. ,,-" ~. cClI'11Llra ' .:,., .._: , 11 ' 1 : . & · -o I .id I .. .. . ',~1Iir. ·LI"I_.'",d~·.· _ .. ' ~ ._~ [. ' iI lL, · , I _.t'Ii,~IIir.,lil, ., ·Ul· " ~ . '~j.'

W~l',e' mo,r-.eworse:o,fT,than.animals,.,.I t'w,as"¥r~'t~c 'n inth e ,M a n 'L U m J it im at itis more o ra ,sin tn k al. ~dOPj c~u:Or' I,ird ,and lesserof a siD ~o- kiU,a s;h.u~,I!:'

SnuruasW\,!fi(~, denioo,the ,r.ight'ff.) own ,propero/ or cultivate: ,Iand~ ",[hey dido.'t

'~:'i-fi ,h'-ve ;-1 :ri--ht :rvf::rtheir ow n wlv,es ..T,h.is - r r a m u : - " noomp·.leteto ended . '~ -eve Q - a\ __g - 0 -- -- ---- - --- - --, --, -- ----0 - ---~-" .. - r. - ····Y-, r"- -- -f '--l£ --, - -~ ---dIJ' -: "W' --" - '-t ~ h - 'S 'h - d ;- "- - -dm ', ,· ,·-,-~,_~'UDO~JOn o ~ £ e _ ~ - -r ,e ~ s p e C I !r .'a n _ , uI,g,nl,"" a . m , Q n g ~ I _ :I~__ ,e :_:c_u~Fas an_, .__: - 'e :Y'even'tuatlY

a a : e p l ( e , d ,the:irfate ' , .p" r _L-' '2 ' -0:- '0- ;"01' '" . ' iL" 'b · ..ih ,'. , '. " '] ,'", -" ,'" , , " " . "" ",~ , .o i_-'lue : F M ~ : ._: ,"<. ' y e a r s , ; ,hltSf,:a , mlDl,ca, 'casre ; s y s t e mw,a;s rampan[

,.". .... ; ,'iL., "I' 'r" " '!'. ..,' ,j('!, d '- , . " , : ]" ~ " , ', 'I ' .,,- " '.'. ' b - " ·1 0 . ,.., ... ', .' iH"' i ; ,'d ' - '~lCroSS ruecOl!lntry~ JlOU ,cal,]' ,un,. severa, ~ns,rance5 In ..O -O KSon. ,.[n.., Ut·, ~ ir:''' L] ~ d Y o h -"'b h - ~ _..JI 'D,_ ........re_.:i:gJOn.,,rot Ins:tance~ tue rQ fa-,P:r,jle5t :an·, g,UIU, ..~·as; 1$ ,.t., lnstruC[o;!, .rUuii,~,

w ho w a s ,sup])Osed, tob e 'c h el~ea rer of uad,ilion a .nd, revered , ,~ ikeGod :; t.o ,k illSL 'b 'k~'· d ' - ,~ ,--~·~.- '-S': 'bd'l' 'b " ,-jl',~ - '-d"" "',, ,,"_nam, _U .,IlJecall,seJ , " _ es,PI[e ' DfUl,,g, a,:. ,1]. nil, " 'e w as ma:utaru~,g:;3ilt ".ul, pcIlance.

J~ tbellt~bh~-':'~.~~f~ DN.'~;~Fyaas~ rorEId~"'j's.rig}1~t~. c h . lu n ba s a p ay.m ent, ro ,F,, h l _ S ,u : a c l u n g s .s,lnceh ,ewas ,aSh.uaraana , D ronacha ry,a ,

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b e 'h 'e d s h are - ~f~ rb- - ---'H '" - - - 'M ',' '-[" ~ ..ed~'__ ~··'·'·-·:-~':-·_··'··'·.-11-1,[.1···.11[·-·:-,,:.·1··,-. _' .. '~'-"'-:.-~ .. -~' .. II~_~: 1 " .- .: . . ._ . _ · . . . .I : ,_~ 1- "',,-···---.''''[':·.'I·-l~-··· 1\',_,'. cause t : ,fq W3!Dl ,a t . . 0 ' e 'power~ , ,. cen,ce~, ,~ .us 1m S O C lety~mn toset divided .in, m , e 's a m e 'way with the: creation ofthe [C3. t ,_e ,go , ry 'of dali t

M I'" N"~ 'b - ~ d havi rh val d - d IikI . ", - .•.. J ••• " r ". ". '" - ", ." • I'· " ' ",,' . I' - .",' 'I ._ J . ' - . " . •. •• ," ._ ••• .••• I", , . I

m llllS .. , ,Jl\w1S; s tm e , _aV, lng _ I , es a m e, _nes,a n 'openue ,1C U l,p,percaste H . I ~ i l 'FlI!d, :'11' ' '~,IIi.rtI:IQ ~ ,~.,JIL I~.

D ud ng , th isnme: ,<S,iJiliism emerged asa p o w e t. !I U lalrernaslves i n c e 'Guru'N~ak indnded all.d~lIb: and . b ~udl classesin the religionand,said.WIrh r w ill h v' .... .,. ,.," ,. ',' "I 'IH ~ , .--I allv ·~ " - - - - .J I -h ~ . '. ~ ~ - ,d -I 'h~ '~~m ey w ur nat eC D consume am rt» . ,_ _:~e aauiU _y cam eo n usQUI:. an, LIS

attracted backward classes, £s,pKiaJly Da1i,t~ ;.Aceo,r[dingto gpv'er..nmmt, s ta r j s r ; i lcs"29% ,o f the S U d ! p op uJa do nis D a l it. 'T h e se : p e o p l e'belong to, sc_hoo' l .dedcastes and ,naf¥e:convened 'to Sikhism, Later,t h e :jM ' communityco nvened to Sikhism aswell, "T h e sa m ephenom enon '~ [obse-rved w here'th,c' simarlonl~e,ganto' repUcaJte'H ind u $ O c~ etyand :Sepata~e:,gu_rudwaraswerecOD;s . ' t r uc t cd ,fo r dal i rSikhs~

Then" [ C " ntls;tiarn,lty carne to In dla an d preached a ,g ,a i .n :s : tsocialdiscri minaJt.iofl;, D alirsand oth erscheduled castes :appro ache d.th e Church ,in,large'.DumJbershu t he re'lDO, ,th e H i nd uf o r m ,[0£ 'cas te -based ,d lscdmina tioo '" ~ :,~ ' r ~-- ~~ -1 <d p~-~-~-' b ' -~~f i~"n~'j-,- ~-- - - - - i t " castes conld notbecome , . ., . 1 . . . . - .was , _ e _ P " " _ , c a , , , , e _ ,. . - - 'C Q ,p ~ e ~e_o_,~g.L,~g,, . -0< ~o-we_c a s te s ro D L . n o "necome UI.e

:Bbh;o~pof 'du~Church ,Baba Saheb,A m b e d k ar fa c e d !the, same:dilem ma, H e~d ~ JL iL_~. I l ' H ' ' ~d' b ~~'I'd.~'L_. ._,j~ H " _ _ _ I I 'H5ai!~~ tln~t He 'wns Qo;rtt '3. '" I!l.n~ U :U t O O 'iU -~ _,01.'005(:' t(O .nor. We a .: tngU" ~~,_e

started ~ -;-_ 'Lin .P' d:~'l'~~~~t, ~ N i J l ; ~ i o D _ - S -'C · ' 'O ·

unders rand'w ' : -h '~c :h ',r e l i e ion ' -b .e · s · h ' - o , . · ~ I " I~d · ·"!I.4Iiil """' ,,1,~~£c[11 e'" . il ]~ I, '! j; .U. , I , ~bO'"I I. . .YUI .,... 1Ii._" '.U, .1, .. .. ,I.II;;'UIO'"I",.. , . [yt

co.fivert ro, S om etim es h eth oug h Sik hism ,w as a g ood oprion, som erlm eshe' chou ,g I l , ·Islam would b e :a;ppm,prhne.,Eventually"h e came to th e ,e.onclusion, . . ,If·Qj·t S -:u ~d ..~ ~ls m~ -·W 'O;'- ' ' '~ ,e- .-b e s e 'O~,if}i"'[-~n ,I i!l i ' i , . . . . .;!i; :G·:- · ,oj ; ' -u, '~:<lirn B'-'i,1 dd i '-<li uli'olCo rh e ,fjis r't.ll"lRI.J l .. .. UJ;~_. l _ ~~~ ! I i .I : li - . ..~ ",.r·l"~~.l. !iii!1.11~ ...IR. _ .~AI.~.1 . . ! W } ,,_~:tA l'~ ~ ~. I t'liir ~

human, lxing [Q challengethe dominant brnhminica1~t~ order and [estaJblish,an equal socie1y~,O ,n 1 4 ' d r n lOctober" : 1 .9 ,56 : "he took , J i k s h a 'a l o n g w, i , t hl lO lakh,people and ,converted,to B ud dh ism .U : n f o r w o ' l te J j , yh e p a s s e da w m yonD ecem ber 6"the sa me ~ a'[~ ,

T he condition of D~i'min,sou.thand, westIndia w asdep i [O[ ra !b l e ' ; oS e v e F a J ,gr-ea ' tDalir leaders, w h o org anised people,.lnst: the' domlnwf. ,re~igi.oworder andsecialdiscriminatien, were born in this r e , g i . o n .One: such , g rea tleader. o fm e '1~' centuryw asM ah atm a Jod ,b a, 'P,h ule~He compared , the: ca st- esyst~m to ,slav,ery and.wr:ot[e' a ,book ca lledGufamgiriw,hicnm e a n s s ,la v e ry "T h- .. . .0 ,-Ih i"''''O'ltt"l ,Mt ~"Ii,tiH, 'n ...~ ,,,,etli~ 'm v N ' .: ''3'~...,17.iI" (n:D=r'L"'~i-\w hoc· [ - 'm,--crge.d"i!;f!' rh-,r .... . ~ / .. ~ .I ".H.,j. [~/~" 11\.iI.Il11~ ,,"",'iR.' 'I J' I' .. _~~!\rll .,1;·~. I "J ,.,J ..1 .~ .:I .' C. · C t ~:: ." , ", .J ~I • _.' .' C

leader0 :£the: oppressedan.d margina1i~ in 50uiliern,India) ,es,pe.cihily'l"amilN ad' d ised IL.~' ~ ~ ~L t m al d ~ ,., -c ' -h '0 a b ' .,' · '00~ -~..:.;n - ~~- - m- -~- ~- - - ~in ti'~ rn -- -~II ' - ~ .- ~ -.m ~fi it"lon0 r I ' r., - ~ m ~c to ~--= _._ U ~.~ _:, ~J;;';'" . . . :<sVO),ce' agal__~-~I~ I~"':"':C:C U .'~ J~ ~ _ _ ~o' . . ;~~~: . . :~a:~~, :_:_,",_'~-,:_e;,[: __ _ _ ! _ _ _ _ _ , _ L _ : _ _ I ll _,

~rem. Both Jallba Ul.d Pf3dyar~war,ked to expose m ebluer truth . ofm eb

--t. " "--~

rannumcar caste sy~nem..'W h en 'G and h:ij1 .returned to Ind ia ,From, ~oudl,Afr, i . cn ;~, h e ~toured 'm ee ntire [c ou ntry b efo rejo imng ' the : s trugg ler O , FIndia J s independence ..Dur in :gh i . s 'jOlllm,ey~he W,itD essed the, p i : c i ab leconditions . in whi,ch rh e poo,r and ,:DaJi~s;O' , fthis country surv ived ..Hesaw that: die situation is ;such that oneman :has to lcarry other 'peol:p'le'~,sexcreta,on , hIs head w,hUe:poo,:p :le,shy' away: f i r o , m ,,bis:s h a d o ! w !H en a m e d c b e m ,~Ha;rijan:~' w h i c hmeans [he nut! people' ,of

.I14}

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'G::~;l1 ~ r ' 'L · : - -p · ; E O 'L~ '!I.PlIe' n o t a w a re a t' ' ' i ' ' - ;" ' ' ' ' '" ': "r :n i~ . . ..'L,""1Ii' ' iii 'L~ c h i lIdl ' I"<!!! ' " ,of d ·, _ _ '~-"f' """I-I i!in.'. ,UU~, I--[E; ·lDil_ ~, n~ 1!!fI~ ... __ . __ ·lIIT'iILI.,~': '" UI~ lUJ;I.I.. ... uua" ~n~,_ .. __ ....,~]; _'-..' ". "-r.tiR~ .;III I I· ,

~L - ~lL . ..11T 'UN ' _.J __ UlI ·_ · j ''h ~ ~ _ u -r-t, d .J._._~ d " ~'we:m U m, lnu, -t:ami~_ Ic:au'u w e . r el l :a lUeQ.hanjans asW e a ~ l . .n ,e : _ '_ e v a u : a . sl'tra ~J,non

,irsaaoeherex am ple ofme: exploitativepracticeof brabminicalHinduism;;Young u n m a . r r i , e d "g,irk 'were k~ ,p tin . t e m p l e sunder 'm e:p ,re r e x !t 0 '£them,,servingGod b u t' 'w e reacttW Iyfo rc ed v ic tim so,f 'sexu.al, desires '£ if'uppercastepeople. G,andhi,"suse o:fme;term ,h a rlja n~ le d toI lnrensedebate,When theCo,n.srilll'lionw ,u wri,tl;e;n ;m,er independence was achieved,untou.mlbl,ecaste s 'were eennedsmeduled.CI'stesa~co,min,geo,Article'34 '1 (1) , . ,Scheduled

'" e d te c lt' · ca l C o ' nl b re f ' ed~).r;i',..;; 1 ~11" ' "> " 'li." !;" '1 '- ::" • .n - 11 ,. .-! . ""rm,-- . '-:,:rrnlm.,,·IQ·.·'; 'Y'tnesec · . - . . , , ~~~0'\:'''' n l~ [- : '. '.·"'; '·f-III" ' to . ·~ .. ~ & ill. ~ ... J a.1! 1111 .. _ . ;Ii !I.'\r., [iii . ;1111 ,.. , ."" !Ii _ t~' .~I"[~ iI& ..I... _,U " IIiir ,II.. ! Ii . .

.....,i:' D I ' . . ~ ..I- ':I~'~ . ·... li.tUI:I}I~\.

On l'IItb ,0 ,"1~cn,l. ~r- 1n 8 · -'2 :. ~ -~,"" ~ ' h ' i b " I : ~she J I th,_,D - -' a1~' ' ' 'S - ,*fIii""i rl'A nroteet the'_._' 7,>""!rY~_'~ ~,7',,;]ij w~ ~~_l,",,~ 'w. ,._.... ,,,:~ l,,,. , ....~~ '!rV r'-.vl!oi .... .,..'" ' ,c .C~.

' !: , ., 'I . i, ' - -'-:-'f~"D~I~i,-,' '< 1 ' - '~ ',-- .,«,:!' ~- ' I ' - - 'd~- ' ;"-'V/._ - --- · '!'jl - -=~.l ,_.. r l;~ ,.-'N·I',nonESor '.,IIlUut an rmnenues in rn ra, we organ. zeu, severai ran lC:S, a , ....,fi,'YJ :yo,u ,ya~ d h arn as, p ra t.,esl'd e m e n s r r a d o n s ere, A 'f .' '1 h _ 1 '1 :time, I w as a ,,m c'm lb e.r of th e Ja na ta D a lwhich\VU a ,pont i . ca I ,Orpnisa£iOID and 50 ,Icreated'- 'h ' .: - - -D:"I- 'S ·:- · · - -~ 1 4 = id - . h . -ggJ"'0 - ~ ". m " - .. -_ . d ''f 'I' I, _. I " "_ , . ' ~I - '. ..: ,".' '.;.: I '1 .,'.', "" ",[ :: : .! .! . -r ,:. ':' r ' :' : _ I' I .. , _. 1 " .1 ' . • ' .!",', ~_. ' . _, ': i. _ > ' ~ '" ,I~" -[ C , . au [ ..ena , 0 w[ en t e stru., ....C ._ y e.ngagilng]D e sp,rta 0.. . . . - . ~ - .. .. .. . - m '"p' -- - ted'-' -:-b l~ h ' " .P ? 1 a . " "C': : : : - l1":a J u a " :b " - 'bI . I -I~' - .~ n ~ I' .' . .' " '.... ' I" 'I "' ..• : . 'I" I' [-" ,'.. -_ _", .."'.'.' ~.. ~ . " .. ! ' .' ." I . -.' I -'~ I " :' .I - I. ' . i ", . ' " : ' .J :. . '. l', . :'" ; '\ll', -,_ I.. - Ie:m anaptuory .'au 7~' t p , r :DC 'csses~w e star pu ,.IS , ,~ D g. ,_'~ _.'..I e : ' ,

, ',11' ,:' .,': " _ !' II .J '~ I; & .: -- , ', .'~'IL.,~ 1'-; '- . .. .. : "Ie I '~ 'm 1 -" ,. '. : .'Iff.~:lev~..J ,• . :I ! . . ' -'I.,. - .···:Ilt' ... ~ ..00·, nnuesnu W;U.C:~ in IUU: I"",&,nnm_g l,tsCU:11 ... ,~U~..... y eeu ~'. eu tnat me ,S[_r~~O-:I"=-;- .".~:~I J"ljj'ilc!"'~~~.:pA--'ld: be nor L-:-_ t:!npF".;J>""~;CI-~ l i iU:,i ehe I O - " P - -, p - -: "i "- _ . ~ ~ ; - I ,. . ..,~d',;;!Lj!iI;, : :=~, '~ ' ;Yu-I ' -n ':;tr~' 'Um ~,W ~t·:~~~ ~ , ~ a ~ : : = ( o , W;f , 'u n " -1 ' ~ " ~: 1 ? M l n n ' ~ D '· : , ' . a 1 ~ 1 4 u ' r ~ ':~~~Id~.IJ.lJf!&,I.~J4Iill~ _ .. ,II... ~ . IjJ ~'!l.I~~i@I I ,lllf; ~~'_, _:_ ._ -- '_ '~l [.. .. . I!",~I~ - __"_ · ·_w ~1I.l.:.

m i n e rities iL- -~b- ' ·" ' - ; i !!! 'n-~raised I""D ""'[,'1!1'·~;~',"I~~ m a n n e r , e _ , o . m 'th '-Ii; ~- e g i n n m -- - " '- -P ~ '~ -= - I I l"......u " ,II:._L~.IG:LS, -.,.;.,..;,.. J..D.l II,; ,.... ill:. ",'!.:&lI;iIIalII.~eu ., "Q.liU.Ii,lO;..l, .IT- ... III,; IL J • . ," " ."0. ,.l'\.l[t;1l

th e : l Q , r m a n , o n ,,of'LJ~ w e :gaR: S ¢ V O OS i c r , m c e s ;to e n s u r e the r i g h u ;ofMuslims'.,W It.merir ' Y l " 9 J S ,my r les~gnado,nas minisret in th e; g o v e t n . m , e D 1 t 'merthe G'ujamt' riots orthe postof 'C,hiefMitUsite.f·in :Bih'ar, w e have a J ) , w a y s

.J__. .J fa ' 'D ' -l"" 'M ' . ,~_1" '.'W OI I,- ,K ,CU ~;..~r_· .i.U I[: , ....~.. ..usum uotty"".1:1-',3,.";il--~~,po,-;--f,.'l"a D ""''' ·W 'rill! ' If--a' ' ' ' , ' iIIiU -''1·'~~ (-D·dem 'o 'n C '~ [- e . .;L'~ir · b - ·"","", ' i \--:---D:I~I;:~ an .d'y'] UlIIIJ I .-.vru:iL ..~ ~[t ...)~ Il_.·l!~' I ~ .r;u .J._" __ ~ e= : _I.." gYI~!.~ _ Ul·gp.", _ uP-l ..:_ .·an~ 1__' " < __ ',

minorkies are vIctims;of'me'b ea h m in ic al c aste' o rd er,One 'was insulted O iD

th e 'basis o;fcaste 'whilethe amer. was m,enwly 't:o rtW 'e d in ,'m enam e a,f_'II'·' - 'T' g g l e: ig h L.~ C ... L.l:::_ll::d,otoft., .1.0stru '.e :iu,f'our 1 '1,- ;'ts·- '~-~~ 11aiV~'~;- move ,awa~~from,me ~oou.:rsec' - _- --'. -- - - . u_ ---- ~ ,w e - -- -eQ ove --y -- ~-- __. ..- .

f ~ d h d " " ~ C: ' , . ~ .L 'IL ~ f '-B ~ _ L " 'D -'_11"o C :a 's c 'e 'ls m .a n · · ·StO'P' 'I'. e '-lvtsh)n. 0[' ,society on, me vaslS 0 .. n r a n m s nor ,I I a J l : t'w,hich, basbeen on, for ,sev~td years ' . .'D ' , j tUuand , m inori.tie.s are in a sim ilar,. ,..,;--,,-,}....-:-~.a n d rh 'i - - '- - ,-~ '-~ 1 . ,- - - -,....,b, 'iL .r -- .."'I'b"'-I" "-""'11 ' · '· - I 'd · : - ' ._- . - : - , - ' - ' - '- - ' '' :' ''~,snuanon ,an,_ t_ ·.e~r unncu s,trc:n&,~~'tan ~nng ,~-out mct~, an .__, eco,(l}omIC_1.,_ B _!L "" d " ' « '~nge,", ."Ill''were,IS,01lc_h:lle.rence.

Dar h ~ d ~,~~_'II~,~-~ t:'_ -h _II d £ -; . . . . .'L ~ ~"•• :L_~,j . 1 t 5 ;,1 _ laveW 1I,tnesSC ~',an ,3waAc.ning; wf' tl.e ,sttu~e ;an;::.ruT W tCf_f1 ',1&!I,'U~

Thq 'arepreparedto a~t: 'm echallenges:ahead~:B W l::'unfo~at,ely~ t h i s ;is,- - th · ;- - - - - ~·h ' '.' ~ ~ 'T h '- . ..I-b«a ·D ·a I-" . 'b - - d - b -'h' ' ... ' - I I ,',., '. ,"1 - ', ,"'I " 1..1...• 11.:: ", I I":. ".-" "1 " I .', i ," I' - ,','1'"". ,,'[ .'. ·1 - ' 1 '- -" , '. , ,"m ot. ._.' C ! ,ca5'e wn_" m ln ,orU I,e& ., ..lIS l.S i - , '.;use, , U s,a m no t . ou.o , .·f f_ , C 'i

O · -~-. . ; ;hI'='-~.--.g' ,-,-- :-_ -- -... "·-d··jl~«_-.- _..... , ···f:',~·-t·.",-,'D-~~:"'d'~',-··'iF 'h a " ,-. -,- --1 -V"" ,I I,' " _ 'CUIUU _ ~!l. ru.....u r,e,m _UJI.I't:ren~ () ,[O lglon, , -, iI lU i I ,l. l' . '_an !L.. ':ve"atguru

o r umnthi th ~ h a v e leade~ w h - ' , n ,t - ' b f I "U.t"-~,n i:'_.. I;IiIii.t"i! '"LOn:" a n d ·vnt-e(0£- The ',"', D" . . .. ',' ~. = ~:I ,= - .. • . _ : , - ~ ~",ii;;I' "'w"', ~ . '-,'~ I ~,~"",,~ I~~I~~~, ,Il~._ ,-=I·I! ~',: '. - , .~ , ,< 1,., 'II!' " ... '.:

: m ' i n 0 1 ' l : r i e sdec.idetheIr stmtegy'by :identifyingtheir enemy' and a s s : e s s i n , gwh,o'w o uld b e a 'b ~ t;to,put up a ,str.ong~ism nc:e tooomrnunalfur-ces..'Even ifd);eleaders, 'have,saaifi,cedme~r ,L ivesfor m e 'upliltm,entof mln,orides,~.iftheyc a n ':! '[ o :. .m b a :I ' , '' '; mm-'I'='=I~'~'- _- , . .: L , - - ,- ,· d · ·.~ .-- " , ,~ -.& .1 - . .'Vi : ;- - : s· : , · : : :C ~ ~I - . ,_ ~ '~ .- :-:h · "Vi-c;,- £ : ,1 '

__ -'---, __ CC - ,~ _ _ :_ __-r.ro~,L_U:U4lu.sm~Ulq' ·(,l,n t get. UI,e _ l O r a ,,om-c m _ l g _ = [ _ c n : c~(L

rh 'b rh ~I~ 'H 'D r b t a k edt '" ".,"' d'__,~ .em--'.Il.U:'~~emasses w, i LI,nOI[ '.. I. ,e n c e :, ,_ : 3 .1 irs .,ave tD · '.1 • .....• .'i ~I~,e;lnJb3i[~Ve' an· .1 ,

co,n$olidare 'the alliant'CSfo r ,I bcnw:fUltnrc'fo r ;a l t .

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W e :organjlcd,(h ,e ~in~t, c o D f e , r e n . c c 'in, 1'9:94o n, th is 'lssue,,A ,n :v,o ,h .n ion ,. inth e mind was iniriaredat that time, 'We, believerh , a J , [j , . tis not possible to h3! ,ve'''Ii', P"nl~t~~ I a n

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nnom ie '~~H""'~J'Ii i1itiili"iif.l(-iU ~so 'cisl revel stion ~~:

place,A O. !III!I.,~~R-~ ~" ~ _l .. y __.~_.._~~ ~""I~!Y"L""lI~ ._y~_ ~~ ~ .. ~_~_ ~~-,.~_~_ ~~~ ~ ,~~~!Ir.-.

, ~,Nociild, revolurionca n onlybe successfu lif ,~t.is accom panied by aculturalre vo lu tio n .. T h e ,d ,e ]e ga r~ 'of d~e 6 rst co n:M m nc~ ~were like 'water .in a darn,T h is \W ,'t ,e r 'never p"rod .ua:5 ,mf, e t , een lc i , ty ; ,E a r U e r jw e , h a d'I ,'O,t 2 ;ntetn,adondd eleg aees, th e second conferencesaw 8,..i ll0- of them, T hose 'w ho cam ewer-e. . . .""" ' : - -. m it re ~ ~ ,.- .- r t a l n n":=;rf'IIl~lfllliitir.fo r 1 I t i !' ! iI ' 'I i ~ 'p'lo M ' ,:'iIi_ K ' . .. .- _ ~s- - 'm ' ", ,nb W '-'ILOI ~;;t ' j '~ot ' J lt" . . . .. ."""i ' : ( ' I I{ ' ·"- :-- .J1~mUJ!::iJeQ, ~v ",e I _J.J, ,r,l.J!!I.I:"'-lr:,I~:t:n;J ~~.U.lI, ,W )!;;:I , ' " J... .,.lc., .., ',fill. . n 1:3 ~QIU~~

'w i t Jn the' Dali rSena,T h e' d l: . ir :d ,conference'washeld InN ' e ' 1 N 'Delhi' ,S ,M'a,Y~lanbr H'aU. ,That

--- - - ]~~- - ~~ --,/t.,,- --- , "m d [-had "nv~ed 'b .~25 c ln 'm uional d"I'" .-, ..'was a .arge c:Q,OJrer 'cnce 3_Q_ ~[ ~~au, l~~<l '[ 'e ,a _ ,_ ·o u I~ ~ . _ .'L",~'(,e",-~Ja'[_'.:':"Co.a_, :e ~ e ga c es . .

S e v e r a lrcsu~:utionswerealso passed,I n th is ,rn ;a nn ,e r .~che ,thirdo o n f e t . e n , c e :w asmere 5uc 'CeS5:fulth.an.the (j,u;c:and c'h .esecond,one" An eld proverb is ,however: -~ : -=: -; - . ;- . 'rh -,we ~,:nan ...........:0 .be ...L,_ hand that holds it -must be stronser; Olne'mavs"",wng_~~C __""'~!I;_..Q ~~ ~-~ -- -,I,U~ ~~IP!_,",_ U ,L_,,", -'"'~ ~ ~-~ ~ - -~ --~ - ~ -~L ~ - -0_--- _ ~-~ - - -yh" '.' - :srr ic t pr inciples ,bur i r ,f l n a U y -deoends on how 'm a n y ceoole b elieve in. ave n" ' " , , "u" 1 .... ' . -,.-. ~, ,~1. - - ," ., ,r ,F' C ,_ c, ,those prlnciples a sW 'C ltT11[,some 'rime38:01., 'w e 'w a lk ed a lo ne 'on this ,p'ath~ Bym efoW 1h, conferenceit ,feels:,~ilre'the tree w - - ep[anted ,eMmierj,h a s 'grown,,stton,g roots. BarU e~'we' u s e d .'to won de r' w h . i c h ,international de~eg~;te 'wouldb e 'a v a i l . a b l ' e 'to com e :f(H~ th e conference b tu::O"JW, w e'have to choose 'wb l,c 'hd ~l ~ .' t& 1 h" ~_1 c S - II ] h-_j '.'~legat'eS to Ul,V,lt"C ~,ro.m tne mternanonat rora, Several poop_,e nao to 'wau:ou t s ide t h e-hall ,d lu-- ' e"1'n I.....· ck · · l~. ,o f en 0'"il,ph s:p·'"II"'.... , i t oo : - 'accommod ' 1 l t -"e 'so m''1]lV" ," : ~ _ . :" ) . _ _ _ ! ._ :, _ _ _ : . . , '_ :. ':I,,v. ~Q! ..:-_.'. W!"'!l 1I ! iP.o_ . :_ . ,w.~~ ["·I;,.·t'-'~~ ~_I.: IQi .. --~_,~ __ ,Ij_.:. ",_.~ ... :- ..... _....: Rj._.,.1

distinguisbed giUCSU, .,Dclc,g~;ta from, 87 counrries have participated in thist: hich i '[ d d 'H ""_l "M 'r' S"" ' I -h d C '" ·'h " '. ' T hconteeence wmcn metu .. ea ."~:1,nul1S~j,:_~US~lmSl 'lL~-,~S anu Lr nsnans. I _:-,C

Prime'Mini.net' ,glaced the occasion asd id several other ministers ill thegovernment even. mculgn,many of dlem cam e just,[,0 li.sten..The main thing

_ is d uu; a ll th ,e,people w ho eame, whether' It was a discussion on minoriries,m e:S a m a rCommittee report' or dalit issues, e¥crybodycontributed in. [he"~rown 'W,3iy~

W e have' a vision, 'W e w ant toreachout ~na ll th e marginalizedand,poo,p1e 'w h o h a:ve' b een d lscr.i mina redagainst across th e world, 'W e can'W ''~''',",;ille41'i,' nrno-al:' of 'd -' : l " C : C 'r 'J m ' :l" 'n " ;'I ". ,'] ·o n ' i nrhe 'W 'o rld ....n the q!II;iiIie~'l"o'n".I'!I;'f'·'.''I'''1I.F'''''d "H I " ' ""',,'u.:lJn..~ "'it' 1"'1'r!li...0]1 ,",'" " .. ilL." ,Ii, " . , ";1,"" "",' (. , I ' ,. .. . , ' . ,."u, '"" . '=' 'U~ ~ i ll " ": "'-"Li;l!I~.:. ,I, u' J.'I1 1!" "" "" - .'" "'" ,

[0 w'h.ich,~'ht!w orld is,divided Into bla,d{ and white people, White peoplethink thley a re su perio r 'to others ,fi),U,owedby Mo,ng,olian.s in sec••ond place ..Tn.~rdlplace goes:to , brown people orthose w b n .s.kin,or:a! dlffefientc ' Q l , o u r ~T he b lack s aretreated as the'lowest ' C 3 t , e , g o r y :This discrimination,~ staking;11- '-It a '~l~,l '~'~7!'~ ~,~ have ro ioin ;hi -'r--'-- II c--,~:'W -J ~p~ace a _''__' ,g_OI!J,Q~~e., ,__ e ~ ~ a _ r eto .J0~=~ (~~~S ,S(~t t g g l ea s : _ _e~~"

"The:second 'type of,discriminacion.is on the basis of sex ..'It:, i s ,'a tpa!triar,chalw or~ d 'w h ere m enthink (hey are superior ro womea, w h o acceptsit, U SAh as h ad 7 01 Pre sid entsye~'j,not a sing le w om anh as been.e~ected,'P=n~.s~d,en[tilld ate" T 11is is a , r eflectio n. of rh e p rev ale n r m en ra litywhich,I s 'whyw e havetOI

raise awareness and str uggle: fo r our ,r;gh:cs~The ifh~rd,type of d;scr.imina,tiQnis on theb a s i s :of r e U g j o ,n . ,T h ose 'w h oa re in ,majo,:d~ th in l the,i:n sd ,vesto besuperler whi l , ; e ,the minorities live in fear and ,poverty, D lscrlm lna rion b ased

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on ~reH:g~onsh ould bewiped out completely [,0 ensure d ig nity and ,security,ofUfe.

T he :t.ourwrype Q rdisc;rimi.n~uionis on th e basis : ofcaste. W e' ,ea nchangeo ur re lie io n w;p;_'n , .. L "l ii '1 i, JJ 'P 1 7 0 'vernm,~'pn,,,",.,, " T h · ; P irj'"..,'L , . . . . . . . '1 '1- . ,'L·..........m pi eooor andI~- "~"'~O·'~~Ii:~,_._.!l i ir. l~-Il'" ~~-=~~~O~I[O lf _ . '". . -.~IJ~IIr_ ....i 'l !r~ .l ll ~ ..., .:_. " .. ~, ,~" I I ! . : : J . . l . ,I~- '_' ~I, .. l .~_~, i···..':.[. - R . _ ~ " I . _ .

pOOl' can become r ich ..One can even change the celour ofskin 3;S Mich.aelJacksondidl SHt 'we:can,"t:change our ca ste . T h e.castes:ysle,m,has in flic tedm axim um damage' to' rhe soda! & b.ric ,ofthis Olunuy' and created g apln,gdisparit ies ..'W e , ha l ,V le 'tD f ight :3),battle to end ir,

'W e 'would want whire peo,p~eC D join black people In their ,struggle'a g ain st ra cism .'Iu rg e th ose' peop ~e 'w h obe l ,o : l lg 'to upper casres and care:fotth e w eU ..b dng o f'D a 1itsand minorities EO join the'strugglefor freed,o:m,from

'~h~'b,~~j_~'i~l~ct31(Hrdler~ ' n d ,di~~rhn.~na~ion~Soc:i~l~'ra '~sio'~~ad,~'n~,~(:be :acoo'. rn 'pani,~dby c ultu ra l tra nsfo rm a tio n. a ndw e m ust co.m m,~ t ourselves,'['0 A,G~[for' rh e dgh.'ts.o fD,aUt'5:"minoritiesand au' those who have 'beenmarginalized 'throughthe: ag',e5.,W e w H lbe'h a , P P Y '[0 providea ,piatrormsuch,a s m is:~ ,[or , r u r - t h e rpartilic,i,pationand. Interactlonon this ,~ssue'..

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m . ~ 'ThemePaper on Caste: Sysrc 'm,and 'Da]its P.S: Krishnan '109:t S ~ a t :I D . s:r Ja p e r- o nM'usUms Q u / m a ; 7 J :,A i i~ ,D ! ".,Ar r-h i 'lO m'n .~ m ' 1 2

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,3'~ 'I'be ,R ighu' 'to 'Yore:' Power, o , f ' - cheP o w e d , e s ' S

4 . Can there D e ,a, Cat~PEJ)" c a U e d ,'D ',~'I':i,.. M 'It s s l~'~II!'I') ~ .... t: , l :'M t~';;t,09' A'L,..,.....,t,:i ' ,2::. " . . ..-'7 't, ",·aIll~ ,;. ~ IILl.l~.Ii;lh. .l.-TIiI)'i' ,.l"I'I~iIi~ ~ .",

,5~ Dew l,op-m,e,fltPFograntru,es:,~il<dSmemes :F or So:hed'lded.Castes: 'andSchedu~ed TrIbes N Man o h rJ r 'P r M t t d 270

6 Th - ~· ~]f '_ ..,~ - - - ~'0.- --.' -- t . --- , c = -- , -h - S '-'Cs"- ' '&":,,t""l"".o. _""~C :~w 'on ,n..esc.rvanonsUJ[ t-,:J:'__ ..::.;J I. s :and 0:80, ffIJt' ,/( a;raJoseph' 2 ,83

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7'" Jtepresenratio,m 0 '£M 'w.l1m s inPolice Foraan d'CommunalR ices .AtgharAli Engint"

8 ", B ~ ,u ep rin t o f S usta in ~ b le 'D e v elo pm e .n t o f,Mttdiamio, IndiaN. rd-fi:M'd,~' A-'fitl"d,q'..IJ,M~"""'~ '.. _.!'"H~' I.!'

9~ Ponce Md,,M i m 'u J J r,r n tm e s ,MohttmmtJ,Mohih,ui,Htlq,3083i5

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'I ''S ' ' . .. . . ~ :D a .lit ', .M ·u sU m . a nd ,'Buddhist .D.i=dogucfut WQi'.ld·peKer • ~A":i'"Lt~,'t. ~~.", ·H"'7;.-,.~_""... . ' ~6 , ''0 '1J V .w n ._ ~ ,,~ ..,W"'iS'~'~~'~'~ :J "_":.",.

Cure Based,.D.isaiminarion of.Da1i.'t-'Ch.rist'imsand dli~: .- - } - -

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·V., Bhwhan RaWttt 373,1 . 8 "H ow ·oo M ak e. fu ·d ia .a Secular State' as an.E ff e c t i v e

ImtrW :nmt:for the Powei 'to Powerless . 5 a l « m :P m --zad A ,3 ·16Powerto :Powl:rless by''Opening:the DOOB toPrimary ' Educado ·n D r ; Satinllt/; ChrnJbary ,3 '7 '9Power to thePO'\\f1edessT hrough Sw :~ ableChangesin .m eEieaol,rialSystem . .D r . Stz t i7 i4 thCha~my 4 : 0 . 2FactnfS ~ing' AbcuiginalHealth in . &lsttaUa

. M rs~ReemCnmty ' :430M Manohl l rPnttmJ 4 3 4

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1. T h e' Interna tiona l C onference on D a lits a nd.Mino.d.tiOli,'.A Glimpse : ofthe: :Prouedin~ 4.49

2~ ResoJutio nsP assed a tthe Inreraancnal C o nferen ce o nDaUBan d M.inori'ties ' 4:5 ' .2-

3" list of Inte rnaeionalDelegates:at the Confe rence 466

Pa'I1·...v1..~Select PhO'w.graphs:£ro.m the [nt'f!marionai,Co:n'n~nce

on Dalits and ,Minorities,2~ s~tea P,hom.grapm:of Co,Dtr.iibu.to,n:a nd Socia lA cnvisu, ~

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'I d - K : - G " " ~lral- - , ,- ,-" -, ,, ', ', 1 ' - -, ': - , - , '- , -,-n,'-"er ,,~\umar' '; -'" 'UJ, •,,:I "

I believe that India is progrHSin~ b u t' th isdoes ,ROl mean 'mat a ll her'p e n p : l e'''i!~,,_:~,-'III~:;:Jl-_-''' I too -g ;e rh - : - ' e : [ - 'on ~~'i , ; t ;o:p -a- ' t -_- '~,0-:f ' -p-~ro- ,-iP~S' , T h o s ew h'0" ' ,re m:"~H)'-'.J: L .... ,•.;I.... ~, - : ,~ , . . . . J ,_~l~ 'WaUU '_ .o",I ,D..,..-IIII'.' f • I' 11[1 ~,~ ~ .n ,',.L ..J •• tJ-ll~' ii' " . Inl~j H' _ ..I~ [.l .G.I_llICU DaCK:Wan.Jl,

~ '- '- , ~ " - C O "- ,-~c o f '\ - - ,- -, -, -:f'- '~~'I'i l~ - -- -' " ~ , -- " , '' ', "} ' ,: ,- -I ~:'f:: ' th':. ,~!-c ...... c-;(b "'1- Cd -' , - .~I '~ 'gJ"'"''''''''1'1 T h l ~ ;ey ' ._~: -~n'" 'c :~j i l ld ' - I ' l · ' -ng '"0, '. - "u , . ,a r e ,a,'...-n" , . , ' e r.n0, ,iiIll ,Ii .. " :". ,.. , ,.. ve 0., .. f!l .rII or iI :U . ., ;. G -U .leu. ,UU." ,, ". ' ,.,;1 I ~,!LiIi. . .L,l 1 '.' ~ ".

'b r th - - - d .....- - - -, ,.- .. ..w t -d -b --, -d - --- . -n - -rned .b - --- ]1- . c , . -r - -f _,1-,-". 0' _'. ,eft arr s]s'Vets seta,e, a .:~,roa:'~1a re co,~~,cerc_ ,~eo ;a , O!l.U:t, e 'ro[U e 0 '~n.c~ , '" ,- ,- . ." , , -d"h - ,_'I:, , ,- , ",'- ' h ' , ~ ,_ c o ' , ," , " " ,' - :f: 'h . '" - - .'WI:. ,-- -J--~_'lmun,uy ';J .D ' ,r, en presence' nere ,IS a tesnm,on.r 0 rr e same, we reaa severai

j I ' "j - - - - - "[- '",1 , : ,'11~'i,~_ ·5 ' : ,_L 'd '1"["d ;r~~-,",' ,,", "d ':5- : - 'IL. 'd 'I'll, 'd iL "f- ' ~ ~ - .,n,~ .- . '"R,POIQ regu:u.y ,~l~!i ,--,ell,e·.,\l,ee- ~I!es, ,an, ,_Cne_,u e::." ,Ij,!nlO~, ~,PO',Ft5, 0['

Mi 'i I fi 'O ~ i j' ~n r'I?~nn'~~ '"'~ . a ' t 't he re' : ;1: 's o mnerh :; 'FjI 'f1eomm-on- th ar ':~ :' l I i ' h re 'c o n cern ' - T h '- i . ,a ' : t -,I,lL. 1,,1'''1 fiCr-,L ~ t.n 'L _ U ........ ,1;;111 .:J!U, , II;,;I~, vlUI!:JI "i.rV " ,. v ,. n ",I;O;!<,,, 1 Ii.. . . """""" _ , ,,~ , . ,

some people in m e o ou .n -c ryw iUmove ahead,lU1Jd majorhy'w U lb e leftbehind I'

T h is ,~ s',already h appe:ning , W h eth er1t'~S a m atter of school andcollege,~ . . l ·m-~SS:I I" --,- ;t;,- 1 " hl- 'm -- 'Pt-"ro-- 'f 'J"'-I!. . .~-iii" m '- P ' ii '" "" -- -m " - n tA 'f '" . .. .. .. .. ., .no 'm · · : . . ..S Y -" , ;r ! ': r-'m '"- r~" i i J Iau' I ilionsuf .~ I :C' ,-,a~ e:' , I ~10m o ill, -, dl;;lilJ',C= : 'C ,. U I . . .~U' ..,' I iI~,' . :j'L"": ... , "~h.:I". __ . .. . l, 1 _ . c. , '.' _ , I , Il e

l,l, • .•.. . .'. -. . 1 '_'" II IJi . _ , ,

'wholeooun:tryis 'concerned , 'W eall : k c e pdli.nk ing inour o w n ''N ay~ ,because'we could never p r. r c p a t ea common P'Fo,gr,ammc:"'How' o o u l , dwe enc~r.giset h e 'C O~l1'~iIi"i'tn,i' a n d the p ~e o o lew h on, :~'~' ~,.. i l ' l :-- . . . :Im :: :jI '! Ii "r -~ " ~ ~ '.0 :"r·sched~~u l e d j"-"!j,It'ii!\IiIi;t; a nd ". . _ I[ "~ I -IWIII 1 U 1 ' 1 i ir .~ . .. .-r'. ~_'l ["Wo' ~I~ ~_~1!tCll. l.~_'~iV~ ~ . J , , ~ ,. . . .~ .il ~ .... U_.!\r.._.' ~'I:.-'-r.~ ...

~....heduledr i '~ i ! - -_" , :~~'(iii'":J·,~,'~qU:'I~-'~W ' to i d e n'r:'~~'' [-Ih-:em1- b u t w h a ,"C ' :~th e irC.UI[u:ili"cJlI ' :and~ICllg_\r.U l"'_IJ_]~Il1-CS!I l !l1li.1. ~ .,' . _ .I!Il.C\r.~,I' '-\3 - _ '. \rl I 1t.-~l.ll' . _ ,'-r. 1 .]1 . _". 1 ~~ _ _ ,.I_';'I. _ .11 iir11 JII! .. " ._I,lir _ .• ",....

now· could thevb e I I p ··114-4. thi!i'issue deservesa ,combinedconcern That'_ _ _ :! !" !J .~ ' .: , ._ .~ ."::, •_-':'~,l.)' . _' ) , . 1 .1 ,,':__ _I)I~ I~I _:~ '. . _ ." .:' 1 ~ . ._._ ~ .' .'_' .. \_~ _ _ ' _~,~t. -..... _', _ .~".....: _- -._ ' _'~' !! I . .. :. .__ _. ~_ .

concern 'will create it new voice,'E . .11 I S - '. ' '.IL il ~ + '_ .J I d - f - - - 'h;::w n U ,ufln ,g .:""r it1&n, ,rw.~e:!,voices '\Yl!'re ,, ra is ru,a u: - .rays .0.' . ope 'were seen,

'The people need, to '(0 l l o o t _ i v ; e I y 'thinkabout a new oath over 'and'above'm e,r ''!Ir , I ,t""~

taste and, rd i Jor i ; ,OD;o:N'o ptlirpose w ill be solvedtill. 'we eradicate p , O ' Y, e n y.0- 1 I, , -e-

Era.diicarUo,nof QqVerty doesnot mean iust a : ( , ewpeople moves above ·p.ove rtyr'~' ~ ,. _ I lr ~ ",- --J - -; . ,- ,!" ,,- --- -,,', ,- 'b~~'I.--.-~~_j~ ''(V;.rL ..- -. ,- - ,..,.... , 11 - _ .- .- , - ,- ,. ..1_- ~'- --- . · n - -~ --I - ,- , ,-L -:3iD .'_ ,m3i.JQn.tyI"~ma:InsI ~~W;~., W nen W{!J' ~ up m e IssueCOnecnvell ,y~rue

OO-Uhltry'could ' talkof a new' revolu tion.G o v, e r. n m , e 1 l t skeep c o,m .in g a ndgoln,g,b ur th isis:not a n issuelO be s o r t e dOUt' ~~, ' O \ Q , v e r n m e n t : s -The issueIs ,of m ak in - ,- .." ... .... . . e, .. YJ l: ! ) i - . - - - - - ~ __Ie -- .. - - - - - -g,a . fUnd~.m~nW,chan,g~':~.d rondanl,entii ~h~,gescan ' b e ,made nor: j ust by the

'b-' h h II - b = d b -- =0::: f lL II fs ta :c , e ' . -U t t - e W ~ole soc i , e i t f~II a n D C : .~one ~ .Y,co'llecdve~mortO ( ':th e peo,p'le0;:

m es oc le - - - - : :T · -ib .-'w h : '~ " . ~. ;-'-ll1~:: 1 - ,:-0-- :c, -,- -=~ r~-~ ' : " - I : - : : - ' -''C'C~-'_-~:-- -=:- :~ '1 1 :- , - - . - -- - , - . - - -__ ee '_.:__. : _ ~ClY~,ue O_C OOUL~[ry =5 c_ncem_OJ,~Hl every paJ'["evc.ry ~anguag'C,.,pw,pleuc:concerned a boutthe:Fact'~hatwe could nor make ,thesocial.dl'angeev en a fte r60 yea rs ofin d ep en d en ce . B "ring ing'about.m eI c h a . n g l ~ :a nd b uild in g, .. ;11 . .. " " , ' .. . . ." .. . .. .~~1iV : : i !Z'· acollecriee '~s-p- ,'o·'i"Ii'~;:;I!.,.~]~h7''ULl~ ~~~"':i' ~ .- :. 1-I~~!I.~ I"'~II,~: ~, ..... ',I,k:J,LlJl_ 1'!llJJ:~

IlaHit. M ~nori- iV: B m r. n w ; e . r m \ ' ! ; n t ........~. -t, '.. _. 'J'" ~lJ' . "r·~··~···_.. '!f"': •. I~, 25




'2

V~ ' 'I t, ,~ "" '""lb'"I 'p' ta,-, IS: : ' "'Rh,i s n w a n a -',I!,', ,_:,ra', 'p emgn

The :fac:tis ' ,peo:pIe:a re alienated. This ls l r , r e s ~ p e c t i i , v l e :of-wh.ether'they are dal i , t. . . 0 -" ,....,iL , ,. '. r" - ,. ., ~L r- ,- ,~ . ' ~'D h l..!llor mlnodty~I:n,e Is tnevicnm 0 - 'S W ,p u :t ,o n ;;anomerQ,', ~ten_a'tl,on..,·.·\€at- &:I..S

'\'",- ""I,I -1 '" " , ' . .,rL:~,th-'I"",·:l'd,;·'·--.....' I \ ' "~ ] - ' I~"< ,_"" ,_"" -~ . . . . i " , , , ,l'll ,0 " : .•I,,-,-,ral'-,-I4-,-~(,,-JUS!: onee, DUr. OSS,O, 1"1Il, ",mu, .. ~ N _ U i lagatn. iln..AIagtU-n...nly w ei. .c u . u . u , g e:,,"","i~ sto p " ~,iI'_ .A. . .· , n1'1un..·ber 0 - ' f-·slienati iii' 0" C ; n . ..~iQC ('I 'Tii 'I!:· t ·h-

IA.'~ 'W 'he uree ' 0 ' " ' U ,Il" ~M '::" 'U~ .. , 'i'J im~!I. ~,,, _ " iI.",~, , "LlL DC , IiJi ill, iIi,Ii'U.iI,U,~ It" ..,~ 'ill:' "" .. , ".l,"',:!, ' . n -- 0- ,. Ii, ,,_ , ~ . ",

b ' ro · ·. .:-~A''''''' ' to -' : :Ind ian i se W h ,.., ': ' ,I '" '"J[1 i : ! " O i i i "il" o f"1 ·'n 'd :]'" "" n ~ ]-~_; ' ! I ii [- i :O ' iI i" ~ '~ 'th ev ...: ,~ .} Ik i 'inaabou ....)~ 'e'01.' ,', I ·•. U11~"i~ ,"[ 1~1.. "~,IW:\r'. ",' l.,.~. J.;II, ~l!li.· Y I l . '," _ • ~_,Ii' .~ ..L·,. ·llL'IYI~ . 1.1t~'J.l4 tJ IJ _ - _ ..'- :0 _ .uu.~~· 'W ,I ~i. - .' ,

,~L.a.... -.ii""I;'ti1I i ' t" i ;' ii " ry : ' :'''n,Mlc d ·-: ;1 : ' l ' ,d 'ed 1: 'H,[-'A Ind' .O:a''Ij'Dld.,- 'tl_,II~;: iI!'.''''II''''' th ey - 'I _. ' : ~~ . "0''''''''' ' ' '01 I l . .__~,~I 'p ar. : , , . 'i i' :1 " f ' :tho . : ,;" " ,Ul,,-, ~u..a.I.~. '. YT,a.a.JI1i[! ~ - , ,1.1, ,U III I . '_ ,[01. _I 1 :"'":""~iJ i~,I,'l ~.,"_I ~1· .. '-, If . ~ [iIlj;:' ,,-, u· _'. ·111]" . . . .

IOOUnr~,They' sa id )our ancestors were cremated here,r II'[DO' be cremated herelon~.yand our' children, w lH aIm do so, Th~ are asked,to produ.cece,n:Ulcatc'of'

Ind ia nness. You.calkofs~para.do,n~h , o w 'l o ,n ,g :you,w U lb eableto d o so r 'You;g9- d~----~--~-- ,~-~'t1be se rv ed ,;a M "-~4b-·J~ T -''hal~a.l"- ''\If/C.-, ,-, .eto n:u~,crin' W] It ~ H C : :servea Ul " , " =,gr3ua~;tY,~, i nan, oner ,YQUJ '_ :1.I ,e a ser (ho

b : i m g 1 ! e J , ~ ,they w i t 11 ,b e from :Pj.ro~bi1.d:"u r a n , g c ',engagt:m,e.nt-o , f 'YQU:[' ,daup.'t'Cr,,~,k-,':_.~: 1--:·;';'" ':, H J -k ~ ', :" ', ~ ' ;' I -'d " - ' h -'~ ,Vi'l If--~'~d"-,'-','-''b y ' , ~ "e ,- M i " -: ;-:IJI~-- -H -r - , "t, I-,I' willI" ,',, ~'I:I": " ,UI.ezan w ar" Wall, ' a_ e IlJC X n one na n usnm.." ow [Q~,g __, U you auenaeem e m ' ~W e: 6 0 u g b . t : : 6 0 , . [ ;freedo,mto g ~ th e r a n d sh e dour b lood ,Can,you,s e p a r a e erhls bleodl Irlsiusenoruossible Th--'--~'~come :~:+l. I"-:~ -"'-"i' ~ ",' , 'i _ _','rms J , O O U . . 1 t . . I S . Just io eposs eie, _ ' - e rsay~co __eto U te m s m s rre a mIn , s o c ~ e t y ~'tV'l'h--,-H'~ ,- ::,,-,- , ,~;f",:,:,~.-,-,-,--~.~,:" ,::'.,.-( ,,--,- t,-U~~-:I-:: -l- .....--,j-_ 'In ,,-recenrmeedneatW " .at sort 0 I_ , nl~un5,{_l!earn, y fQu . a r e .'n !I ..K l n gaoout; ~,~~a, ,L ce~~t ~neeu~_ gar.lu dm o w :~ th e issu e o f'm a In stre amc a m e ,u.p"'W"ha:t, ist 'h , ;s :,m mnstream? 'I:£':iti" s,~~'ti,;i-'~;'~:O"_ o n ,;iii s t r eam has o1venAJ~"~.~ EU~rn- the other has ai'ven I ! 1 S Ta J ~ -One, ~, I, I[U ;JI I! . . ,~'O~1 v.. _~I ~I. ~ o ~ " ', ,_ ~a-'- -_'_ ,~~~.JILL~, .'I;pI!. '_-:1.1 ,I t" . t:r . - , .. :.'~.. ,'

'1 1 . . A .. 16 L= 'p'·'I!~ t. . h Q :- ' b M '" O C " t "'ill",.~as a~Vitn"ml:llo\g;a:n, .t~~ar~~'~:L.eO~' ier .-.: Utu: ,',nnar, ... ! ne Stream -s oontr.,liL'JiU,nOn[1 :;:1 _ -

~, ,'Tt,·,i..,,~ S '- " th - .. , . - 'h - : ."·'·~i ,1 .. . , . . ,. ', i, II' 'G · · ·~ I , .l · ib . · ·"_j M ' , : ,. ,'C'I- . 'h-"I " ~d o, ,'S ' ,& - 1 . .. il,.:t, 'i' .15 ,ll~l",U[ tnen tn e 0 tner nas g [,ven us' ...'- aa u ...,3lJlu . vnr, _ I an c tra__:,...esnar 15

F:.>"t1fli1i;one, then A " 'h" f a · ~I I , ~ , , , " " ,~U '[ ,1~ ' i : · ,:i: 'l,, i Il"~o 'm "' ,':0 , :Ir-;~-t"One ~ni" a:ii~'~ ,~,, , " , , o f " ~ ~ : ; S - 1 I "l i k e B - -: -'' ' ' ' ' ' ' . :l .; rUI l, LI J . .l lll Jw:t , _ 1.__ In.:l. I. _ . _~ _ aJ;l l ~iJ! I~_~l .. J • _ lllI lr .I J! I- _ .1"_ r'li.- ~:I!IiL"J.WI-" ......11:1_ I~~\r."ol !il .JI iI. IIir [ _ lAl!!I.r.'J'

th e 101" 'If-.,jill '[-' ,~1i '' '' ' . .iI,[" Kalam-o!!I~ 'p ~i l '" l : lco"1-- ; l ; i IO !D' i I";0' ' ':'n-:-i'll, sr~ I"ri ; ha,_d .1 0~L_LU:. ~ --,'11 Ii!" "'0 o trp; iI '"1_ ' ~ _ U l'- r. , ~ '~ "- " ~I ,~D{ = ,I ~ ,~,~_ ~> .... " ,~1Ii ... .._~.,I, 1I!r. ' ~'-4UJII, .,__ ._:_ '_' rl5fI'Y"l!,~I~~, ,"':. . ~.I[~_II~I'

rhe other'had DHipKumar,One gave us:lata Man,g~hkar1' du:' o therSmaiya.,One gave us G a v a s k a rthen the,(lrther'~ve us I r , f a n ,F a , m a n "There , isnorthing'1- . ~ ~ ~~ - - . .- - d ' - . . . . . . . . ~dli. r. . _ ••. ;L . .:" dl . W h ~ ''1 1 . . i_, h ... ..aL!Kl!llg IneCG~rallng In I ra nom euner ,SI· e.. ~<~,IC' I', ,co,m m u nny na s no tcontn 'ib:u,t,,"""d');t't, does ~O"."~ 1I!!! 'I~iI! 'Ip' '1 '0-",-."someone t-;II'IC· ': 'C ..he com rn : on .~,e-'~'rgilJ't"" I A I E .'riLl:-I"'";~ 0" • ~ iII.lt . ~ l ll i. ,'' - D.~"~utl["ID . ~ ~~~u~"-., Du ..~ L[I 1 t _ .• v .. I~~ "'~J~~ U J lli.l~r'-Il

w h ,'" ,,- . ', , '." -,:V~'~ 'i;,-, ·d- ' - ,:',1,"; ' i 'p ''P.,': ~I'~P·'L;,,- .1- J h- , I"" '~It.' I_-' ; "i', 1:',1-- 't ',-, , d :- ,': , " - :'w _cue,coun "ry., we nave, .._o,J],e,h, !l.oge "ne,[,an~, ave ,0 C{lnunue o. 0 ,socollectively.,An,inclus j ,Vl t ! ':society,wruch, takes ,ev,eryone:alongo n 'th e p a . 'rb .ofd e v e ' l o p -menl e m 'h e lnd le c o u n ~ n r 'd e v e 1 o p -Evervnne'h a s 'ri~~lron d I e c o u n -M rV' s:."" . '- '< " '".1'--:,1_' ",'1 "- r ' _ "" ._. . . : . .I.I .. .j:.:c.:;' .. i' .. _,~!Ii,I~·· ··-' '' ,i ·v._I ... ,:' I .. &I"·"'J ~I.;'--·.-: ... '~-"i ':,

~ our"""~ m d th o~ ew ho a re d .e priv.e dJ h av e [_ he fin tright-,iL~- _" -_' '~' "" ' - I. , ' ", ," ,,-,". , '," " , , :II '" _ "I . " " ", , " ,', ' , " '_ .

'I<iII'i'YI; 0 ', :f ', . , '11.Q; 0: p--~~1-n --+] '0" ' - "" 'rh :'a ~P' J ~ c 'l'o ''- 'm - -, Q I . .. :~ . .. ..cc "1- ' ' ' 'to t ,;Q 'uni]::r~...d ']·t'LQv S L O " U - "~ I d · l'I"iI,;i"!i;iIi'", ··i1I, J;, I. " U ~l!1;; ..-,:...~.,,~_ .... . .J~, ~JI".III." ,I:.~..... Il~!li.rI~~,.i:Ii ·:.. ·U ~ ·-",r·~i~("~. 0" . ~l~ili ~~:~. ' .. _.~.I_.'I.,I""'~

o,n~y'~ g iw n p .r : iv ilc ,g 'C _ s,b u ~ ~ p a r t k _ i p a 1 t l o n[ ,ig lus aswelt Untilp ,3 J t t i , dpa t i . onis

' iD.· . . . . .1:~,t, · M · ,' i - - -0 · ' ~W' '~ ....... , - .,:_ , ..~ . t·:aJ h,~ . ,~n n... , ,~npower,men.,




- '" - - -- rh - - - -" ,- . .- -'f" - - '\ ';,.. ' -" - - f i '- - .h - 0 0 - 6 ' " -ed + 'h'''~'.':' '. I _ .... _.!., 1".-_ I: ·····~·I I ~~.~ "1">- 1: 1 "':"'1""--'",1,-""'" r',': ~-ll': :.,': - 1.·_ ·;.···-1 · I, ,", '.· .. 1 ,II' ,",gtven~ ,F,.. emnc ,IS 0 , no use, ,0 u g,~vesomeone a unusr .room rtr w n. ate lev ~sio n~ca r a nd , a ll th e o th erconveniences, but until h eis a part:o rthe 'd · ~ m a k i J f t lh Ih . h ~U t,- hA l· ' ~ ,.~ Ion-",-_!" ngp,rQ~;$SO. '_ , 11( : : ~ouset hewi I nor ue l'. 'appy~",pcuTson,lvin.,g:lD

_ 'I d e.: _j ~.' b d ~II, .JIIii. ._ 'I . . . . . . '.

r--h ,.+ '.

a , s iu m a n c:letu~Dg, J lu s t: o nI:'re a c ,W O U W, Y,n e J ]_4 ipP 'Y1 "n e e m p a r t l C 1 . p a ' R :10 ,c, - " 'il' ] '" h ". '. ralki 'D o M "ram y matters,_l IS tne sa m eparncpanon w e are '~~n,g;a ~eut, _ , ~ o n e ylSi notth e m ain resource 'to ach ieve It~ b u~ :it is power, If 'we ensure ,pow er:..sharin,g,' '' i" !L ' --D ,. .1'L 1 -' '.. ' ould L~ able t:".,-, I"-'j ,tid ,'.e e T h · e i the 'L~ ..,•.•.. -P·__'.; , M :· · ·' ·I' .'-W,C~_ l:!l~eyWQw., ~ _.. re ~:O ' pM --- -p :ae, _'__ ill'- ,. :S _ _e !l),IWS~, resource, " _ , , a n y~i'iil;!ln!l!' have been '~k-' ' ' ' ' 'n--in [L~;t' ,d :~'i'p-i,o':~'- '\;i'P!r" a 10,-,·.t-r e m a i n s to L= _ don e~~-~,r'Q!. J - - - ~ ~ , , !LG .~ .Il 1.. . _[lJ~ l~lhl'''~~~I·.. '~l"~ " _~. g II '..,. .a.1 _ .- uc .-,_. ~

'The issue iso-fgivin,g'a tshare to our m inority bretheren. ,A few things, can'I ! . .- d '. d A L o . - 1 : . 0 "·£ '5 - M 'r r I oJ: d " , . 'L .!J}C, '.' on-e'instant y .,wOUI: 0 ."0": percentr ~,mLlmsU1. incra c-omeun ie r tn enUlView of the' Mandal Commission, .I~means that they are q u.:aJi8edand,r . ~,have:the,,r~,gh,t'to g ' , e tJobs. But even after , s f u u : e e nyeM& of implementationo f. . .h e M -,'''Ii II"~~'I Ce, -m - ,- - m ·~: .p ; i [ ' - io n repo - .',.[P'. - [ -h ,,au' 'L:,"",,!!,NIjo n o ' [ - g - _ 'o i i i 'rh~'"d ' . i ' I !~ , i : - - : - - : - -~1~'~,!'1i't"~ 'Ii't-im'Pl ies1Ill. ,'.' _Q .II.1U 31, ._ ., .~ "·1a,:JiJ}U, ,,',' .... " _" "-:Ii "_ .~..l n a,,..... '" .. ,n !. . .lL, . _ .. ~a. - ~;J . rc . . -oan·I1.II."'ilJ JL . •. .' . ,' '''rIlI:,_]

.. - ", _ . ..

they'have g ot the ,invimtion.card, 'but havenot been served , on.m e,p~ates'fet'~'~ ...'- - .- r ;.,- -· i - . -_ _ .. . . ,'c:·'-.·; " broth .. I.,F'· · ,-· the I · i· '- -. -. '~ ' .- . .._ .. .. . - ', " - " ,'. ', '. " -- - ~ -snd&ven ailer srxreen y e a r s ,0 urs .'.rotners rrom r ie mmon 0/ commumnes anth e m ost b ad cw a r.d cla sses a re :left cur,In Ind ia , w hen,invitationsare se : rn . tin..:L~, ,.~:i~]a·-g~o: i ! lCfo r "'i : ~ ~ _ £ ' ; P - people are m ..,J~ ' [ -"0-, '' !C; ' l ·~ '0 '""1i1,0 :oor in a 111 : ' n , , " "and..,..I '7 ,~pe....e r s o n·Ut...... 'r',L~_ _ I~ 1 1. . GI l~!Ii;, .\r.U ,I \r . l . .L \r. t a u~ -. ... ~ .II I . . . ~I..... . I ~ ." _ ~ __ .. '-" ~~. _. U I,~ \r ." J . _ ~ .~ _

'.' . I 1 : ~

servin'" food is a J w a , c sex oeceed to cosne,I reouese m ehonourable Prime----~ - ---,it:). ---.-. - .. --- -- ·.. , r------r-·--- - -- - - ----- - -~q,--s- --- --------------~ = ----~~

M···· · · ·~ i, ,~ ,- 'h -· ·" '--I-h -· · " "-., 'i--;"-'" d th e ,- - ,-"1 - ~:." .~: i · - , - , : - : ' · ·d , ' ,· , ,_ i r :L " ~ 'h - IM · · · · ·- - · ·1· , ·d""" ' I I"b- · - · - ·. _.I n_n;, t~rtr ,al[it ie m m orrt res an,. tne most v;3l ,CK ;W "-drsW,lml[) ~, e ,,:an .iIl!I,~V iI ,1 0

h a v e n o r " '. . . . . . . . ., ;a ; iv-d ·I ' ' ' I InU 'L=n:-t;,t' ~ I h :o u ld - ,L.= 'C ' " IV l -F I ;su '~~~ 'u '- '---;r ' :o'tp r o p ct" · t i : -- .--- t ' II , -- i t \ : -1(0- ' - -n_"..., _, ~'!I., ~",~,~ _e: ~.! DC;.,,I1C':[h,~ ,.:_ _ • DC: ,g ,_e , . . . ., ,..11)- q,o~ F,' .' O~,IO,,-,! a ,,;c . . '

du~i.rpopuh~ltioneven 'without.in ereasin,g:the . 2 . 1 ',pe,rcen~:overall,quo'ta~Byd '. h "i'l'b df ' ~ '. a I' d '· '1 ]'.'-:-,'-.-, -- ,:.-.--- '-'-'-::-1 -,,-, [--,,-, --;-"--, "-'~'-I[--" :-:--:----l'-:,'~'-,-. --;--'--'-1 -:' -- :-, .. -.--.-,---,'-:. --'-[--·W ' ,-",OU1,g;50~ (! ere W,I .. e no nee 0, a.or c-onscltunon., amen umenr, nor: _L, ,l~L.=_ .•, =...1' '1 := . ]" ~ bi - 1 0 -c d ~ d wi ~ ==.J b .~ ..Joe quesnO rlru ~ or a rel,glom nsas. -I . ,~,e,100-. is r. - ea 'y~n on~yneed to 1 -e servec,'~ ', · ",.i·~ _' .l.(_ p :,0 I" 'M :·_ , '-" :· , ," ':', . , ': ', ~ - , ._ ]-," _ " '" ,,- • _1, urge tne rime vurusrer [0 ],m.pemenr It.

Sr:co,ndlJ,y~w h e nthe country' , g o tindependence,our. M J U : s ~ i m ,broshersusedl. . d ' L ,.. L ~L h d ~JI . d h d ' ~d - - - .~ - -'·T-· ·h ·- ~ ~ ~'no 0 tne same WO'I lA "as tne SC~IC)U eu castes an, sene u U~f!', tnoes, , ' e y uauequal,ben.ench' w r o c h .w a s 'usurped ,through , a,Presidentialorder in 1950.,Thisis ,not :fa ir.,In , secular India,nobody should bediscrlmhtat:ed on, 'th e b asis of

Wh--, h - c - ... 'h 31 '1 d '·d 'd £ -' h ,. ~gh th,0 'In· "._-:- _"'. " " ' D IIt".~ .1 ' '' ''' 'I '' ri ;! t: '' '' ~' ii H i~ ,t -' -' -- -: '- ~1 , - : .- . :'-i:-.·_-I:,I·-- '-.:,-,'.- ".'~-: -. ,',-.,-- 'iI[ - .-.--_. ,--",: : -- I i¥ '. ' -" ~ , -- .- ., '. , . ~ ," .~ . '. iI!- - ,~._'L!'J,Ji:;I~ll,lI;iI, ·1,On. , ,a tS . ..:rca .y _P,["OVI . .e . "o:r ' 1 : . , ,eu' [1. . "3t. e'l." I"' f - - h - . ,._ ,__j d - ~t_ _ ~ "'I '5 '1""" . . .d- S l'~ '-[ ::j I__ i!. . .~:V,tUSjllmS 0, OUF oountr,y'w ,10 ~ to ..··0 JIOU,s:SI,mbar to ,-y: ail; :, ,:s~,U\.(! :51l!Dem~~-,l:n ....--,- -b· . .... .... d ' - 'h - - - - - --h • - b " -~ . --lid' L~ --- - . ·d " - . ·_ ,_~'III-r-~Il--·· ~...... ' I . ., , -~~~_~_g}a s:w asue:rm en a n "OT=,,er :sue, j 'OSJ sullU_~ ,ut (reate. equauy U-lro,~~, S C r n l! p p in g o f dl 3 !l tordlinan,ce~LetBuddhists" Mmlhnsand 'Chdsclansakobenefl,tC: '.' T h "s · '~L eo -- '.' 'h '._ ,_.1 b - 1: ' ~ T -l.. .' '.l ~ t O " m. tt ., - , , :I e . :a ~ u a r '- ,m ,m tn -e e , ;a s: rn . l : s .wa ,:num,.er ,O'~: , ~ s s u e s : . ,·fds r e p o r t1 8 .

~ikea m irror' ,in w h ich'w e can ,see'ou.r ~ " t l 1 e:reali:ty~'When,ever~ -h ,e is su e o fM 'l~ '.' '. d' d l -Ii-. . '. . ~d 'h h ; ; . )1 . . , .'llS~l.m, re8erwUQ,I1l-.t; u ,;':1KUs..~e:" r U l enUf':STJ!On lS r-a~se . .'W,, let ' I e rU,iere IS a,e .,

ilL ~ l" ~ d . , 'I de e l ~ '[ ' ~ k w -ad - - , . h ~Illasi'~,.lor , r.-~.rv"!l; '[ ion:!=.; - :,n:!o f~ s::: t- ~-,-- ::.-,1- [Ii""_""iI'C- ;-. ' --~ ~l ~r "","-.' - ,--;:_-- -, ~-: ._ -,-: ijj'ilt=,ii!- -,--\-~ I .- _____"'" _ .... ~__ g. _'_____ yC;: !)o'J' ~ O _::.'Lall, . .. 1.. _".]0,1113 _ a" -., , J[ .ness Y !I< ,h , ,,In a ,,---li-i;,- .• ~OOliU.i1l' ni'ty-·~S,a..chohar comm itteel i M ;p~r,o~~dth - .b~is ::f~odatMd,rc .,p om . , u .. . __ _ _ .. _ _ _ I. . ve . .. e __ Q S . _, _lei. ,

' ·= '-~'I~. . . . . - :Ji_.t ;o,-:- 'nlal~'ba:","II-:,,"~-.,:--,d'-·-IIni,~_I:'''':

: · l -~I_M · · · .· · · .~ r" i I! ' l:..I:rn

IC'orn'm''l~l-~~itv:, :S- .o 't ' -h.·p. · l- ' · r- ,r<1li1i ' -~·d.-'~;'n -_ _"o- ',t'IO'O-'im -:~e - ·iCtl!l.l.li~ I, " ., 1I . r_K.war,I,"~, _~,~, 1 !W I ri. J _0 1 .1 1 ,.1 , .[ I, J . .. . , !U_ LI.~·L'I. . , .,. _ ,.... , ~. ~, , , _ ,.

under' :religiouscriteria,and. tltereforeth'er qu!al~fy;,T here is, none~d ,for :furmer.' d m w " '. ,.d " '., [ ,'_" -, ·,'I'j "I" ,",- '. " I" , - , " , - :- , '_ , "_ ,'_ '[I" ", ,'_ ,"In :_ep_ _SCllJ;SSlQ,n,1[ __ e s e , r v e sJUSt actIon~,

11],....""'"""' Vi~--.~,,--,.:-,,,~-,---'l l- - -· . -- ;~ : , , ·. d ' : " "~~ .":l1.;--'re-h'- ~ I d · ·b -'c- '~~I] Ind1·:~J- ,- .d '~~,~l ,c:-rvl_ "..iI'U ,U :u __as ~~ ,_,_!il$!!aI.. Uilat u~~e__ , ; 5 : __QUL., _ e a n ,~~'~~_. __.u. _uw ..x: ,re:' ,- ·d ·'r" - ·i. ' ,c'i~'I•., "1 ... " •• ·'r.l L IL :: - - ' T.I! . .~ 'h · · · ·.:'L~-~'II]'· ;d,· ..· :i' I,,,,;L :C o :··~ · - ,: / '- : - ;~ ,':, '-an ,am ,In ,Ill.lU agreem,e ,n t W ,h ,n .IUm,., . i llS" . '.as~n.ru· . out ,~n.tJle. . nstttuUQn,I~There , s h a nbe a mlllnd~aJudicial Serv~,ce,;'~'T I t , ewor-d I!',snall'!)hM been used

- 'D"1 . · tM '" '. - -~hT 1: - ~ - ~ f m - - ; n ".. a ~'"' ,~,U10~I;",; 1: .impowe_",~e "~' 27




h-- :T h " - - - -'n -I . - -b - - -- -- -di - - --"'- -- - - '.'."-- -- ------ - d -.. ,.' 'b e " 'w "d '. .. . . .. ... -" ., ... .' I" - ." ', '. ., . " , " , . " , , .' ... " .. ,. . I ., .. "C !F.e" ,:. I. ·e.re".cas .een nOi'.-, .scusslonon It In so many years~ esp ,lre 'lt '.:Ing, . - . I,

. , "'11 ,1" ln the :,r:~*:,,'~iI'l:;[-iII'Ij[-; :nn , . -T h -- ~ '~~C":!I; 'P ,rovision~ r"- Ad '· " .,'. ', .. .h o cappoin tm ..",",*,~; i ' ) , , , ,~w :.· , · ;11 ·v. y!~, ~I Y;l .. \-rU;!I!.I~" ,IYL .!Ii\l" !II! 1, ~;'-', W R . IoVT 1~~lh.. III .J .! l ~.!IiI.. V. _I.:l!li. 1 I I r . . . .ldl .. iJi CID.i. ... it.'_ : . ._ ~

Jud ges: are appointed onlyin thisway;, .F. i f tyyears bave:passed,yet no steps

'h ' . . 'v _ _ : 'b "'- . . .... ...1'" - - . (' - ..L., d ·-:· , ' ." - ' . .: f- , . .!L,. "·; ... ;£ .'1 ' - . ',,"" ,. , .~ .., .," '·"11 d 'c, 'iI',t'",o,!~.. .' " '. h -- " ,' '.- : ' - '."JI,_~_.een ~e.l1lln we .. irecnon 0, me [,I,flll p rO W S 1 ,o n ,U .• ate. If, mete ,avebeen ajudlcialservice:!,'questionswouldhave arisen,about reservation,, s epa ra te ly. ,T h-, - ,.-- - , -- -.~ .- . . :. . - . -- - , - ' : ' - ,',~1.:-'b- : -II,-- a l'l .,,...'1-.- -::,.-;i : -' -~ :c: j - - :---I-ild' I h ·- :- -c - - -b - - :- :" .e -,', e - :[ ' " . - .. -- , .,~ .. . :I : . -e eeservanon aymlltliC:~O_ ..'otner sc-rvu:es'C : O U _ ~ ." . '.a,veeen un.p,ementcu1 1 1

,. .; i! ..~,; , ._ '. ' , '_ ' .'c' . ~ . - ,: - " ,, :' i~ , _ , . -d - '''h - :- ,: ' . ' .:i -: C-.--',' uld ~I :.·:i~' be"~:',", . .- ','1 -' - ,' :d '-·T I-iI!..l:" '- .... " '.-- . " ..· ·t 'b ' . - .m.1S case as wen an me W,Ui,ewOw, . nave l[JC'Cn, rese v e '_ "".ulS, ,rnall!irc:,[ must l~

lookedin[OrA l so , th ~ :,provlsIom a,ppi'ied roth e A U Ind ia S ervicesshould bej ! I ;V+~n 'd· : - - .Ji iO, .thh e mIA~, F-"r-:.:t e e d u e atio· · , 'n .:L

i

f" 0 0 ", 'I[I; ';---;illliIi"~e··-d . i- ~ , , , ,, I ~ S ' ,' lr lW l i"a n d ine v ira b l ..E O - ' · ,r ·. :~Ir.""".. . CUI!\l.. _~ \P_. .. lTD 1[i I_ ~~ CtI ~!Ij._ I . I I _~ . "11[~I.,ill ,. illLl . l~ ,- G l.l_ t" - ,.',!1.4 J ~ I~.

a n r y,r focw ard m ov em ent. If D alles, M ustim s,Backwardsec tio ns, w h o ev er ~ m'--" ._. ... - - '.-, .. - - - ..• ".- .J" --" ,,. .-- .-,,-- --.- -.- '. -:Ii .- .--".- ,0""--

. b . .:L~= , . , . ,1 ,. • d . . 1~ d l" J:...~. f '-Il.~ ," 'b 'a,)0 .•: uu:ou&,-:~,v e s e r v a . U o n ,ann a computer , i s :p,w, , ( , e .in rront 0'" ,111m, 'will ,- OUt'h - - ~ ~ ........ - - '~ '-~~.J:...~- "- ~, -- L ....-wii~1 'b ' d - ''I T h '-- - - - - -~~II]----- - ~- ~,~ d '- - ~ --,',IS, ~ U Q W l n gw,u~:c : :It : t5 '_ ;W liat : :_,Ju, n e '_0 ., _ ,- .:.ere are ,s ev"er,lU ap 'Ses mmeec ueanon

systemwhichmust be correc ted ,I 'wouldlike to sayj 0$[ a ,fe w w o r d l sfor ourD-· ·_ 'I '''"IJ ._ ·i- '~ ~ ' . . -Th- ' -" ·,· ·h ,· · · ·v ! 'b ·· -."i ' , - . - .· · 00 · · · ·:f r: - .- "v·' -:-""",i~ . , .. - ,-- , , ·h--,- ·- ··U " , l'- . - , - , ' • • .. . ._ ~. ,.a & U D romf:rs .. ' ,.. .ey .. a _c ,een uproo'v. .,~,o,m ,_,Ittua uyev,eryw ,ere., ·..·pI,OOu:u" ', . . f 'L , e that ' · · r." 'h- ·. . , '. ', '. '- 'i: , - bu i lda , , , . t~~_.· - · - - , 'h" ' , - ---- tC ~t-, I i, .- · ,- U '· .J · · ·: :- - - .-In tne sense " at l" " e _manages to' ..lUu,il,_a J _r m ,g g t _O[ . umsea; me uU - nozerscome to destroy Ir ~m,o ,st in ,eve.rycity~ Tile la nd s h eworkson is acquiredbya uth o rlrle s. la ,v e a lo nerh e farnle[~w,ha! t'Mil a w ork er d oill such,atd'ruadon:?T h e' D a iitand ' w o r l o n g -nnpuJado n is 2 0--2 5·% o.f,eve-w'vUla,o;e' Thef.umers',~, '.__::. ... ", ,_.. I '.....: ~ " J. _. .' _,"_,,_ . I. _',' Ir·~I ..1... ~'._'~,."I', '__ ,." . ".,. .. . •. _. .4; ',,' "' :1:. . .--,!!I ,~1. . -__: . -,__ ,:",".l

h.- .~ ,.11 '~'~-,- __ :It -,. I , '.r '. ~ ."!'.,:. ,: 'f '- '·· " . . ,-. . -_ . . . , ".It'· '···_ .'I ' .. b -··,~-t·';.~·,.,,;-:i~,l;-< t;:-: .I' i, .-. ,.•..... ~ ....~_ a ve a . U lw.t;ren _proV'lsl,on.0, . co,m "pen sa l_ lon , _u\, W JS,ISnot m e ,JO.ntm to w sc' lh - i -1-,- B --'I' 'w ~ 'ef' .w(,-(l~ :- l a ll ., . . .. u - - : - - - -oj- - cas- o;f ' :: ! f1 r -, ... 'h " ~ -:- ..- .~ : , - ' - : - . . ..' ) ,c" - - ' - :- "m ': : - ',: - . -_ = _ s ,~ssue~ __;_:U ", __u_-_'C __, _ U:_u ,a , UY_;_E'e!i g, . : .~n - _._C '_ :_ ,_U ,,",, __,:ill ) cvc:m,,,,,rI10,-, , ,a "

. n e a i b r y'vinag~,if:hc moves(0 the 'town.~h e f a c e sthebulldozes,cWh~u:w i l l ,m etrib a l d " -, '",:1.- 't " t " h " ~ -'0-' .- . , I ."P G - ,- Jl- ·~ ,,~ · ·,- ,- . ., - ' f- 1 , . . 'it' C '~.··· .... · t~ - ,::~ 'ria, ·0., ~.v,~,an.yI~n~ are re evant ,='O[ uc¥e~Q pm ,cn ~our me q,Ue;5, Jo n 01;

h 'b j_ ID '" - , , " ' ~-T 'h - ~- ,h - - - - - b -" - - - - - - - --~ -~I -- . "lid Ibe -- ill -amrenar ~lu~~tn)u,rem:QU1S., ' __e peopl.e 'W" .JOare I_CUlg upn:u;;,:..cu. coum ~'_:an, ,~ 'e,g "-,....-.:" - ,--,.-b ....c - .: ' '- '~''nl'-'-'-:-',---:~ i:]- ~i'- +- :· :- - --W h ~".::- uld -b---'c - -,..-,L - ,-,--,'.I-~~occuparU "j, ...u t (iernu~·}I n ot. a n,, L I_ .. .. - ~c "C o ,n .z e n., _ _ , ,-a t c-ou.,..,("~ose~wno axe 1'£,6."'"

c.itizen8~~:e11' th,em, ,as:c_hizens?What .should.be their ,respon!iieas,a ,socie.ty?One'w hn jN'irv~:h~' ,~t' ' i ' i JC; ,o1·d:y- '' ' 1 :0 ' ' d"~ 'l"~I·d,:' Wno--'L t;:"',r-C'U-"i"Ul'~'~~'I' " "" 'f .', '~ ~ ~ :ch ·- ~ ; ~ d :~ n - ..w h "- -i!1it '.d···~:. ~,~ '~:J . ~ ~'Ir' t~ ~,IIrA- :.' ~!. ", .-y ll:l:~~ _ ..v.1.K [I'IU, ~ _.-" ~.Val ~ 1 til ....... ,:IL~f .11!!r., .~ ",' GI.. 'U'Iir..!

,~L;iIIi, c - ·o , - · · un · · ' [ - ry. . 'Lc""'UA 'l Ii" O · · , 0 , ~ - " "i lo · · ·h- . " 'm · · ')1=t - - ·J~~''''O'':[il".illii"''i",,,,,,'L"',i-,,.'L;d, q·, , · 'u- · t :nH 0' , r-~1~~lfllllm,-,,;O!iHi"01'-.. . -. _... I. . na., ",-. !I i. . . . .~I,; Il-I· .... , ... I. . - . .31 I I . . J . . . "I '-..IIi.rL Ul3!IL, !tOIli.......... '-'II -~'uJ.I. ... . .£Uln~. . 'tpr.II.~I,"~: . . . - ~ ..

of ,quota ,requi:resanendo,n~ 'Th.ereis,rh e question of weave'rsand,~h~ir '5'14Us~'T h ere ,is,need '~o ~n:naDccth.e,skiUsof a nclassi:S~D a i i . r sand ,Musl.lms~Ifth,rir.k" '1 1 : ~ d li t '.i,~ "' I b C o:S.I~S are Im,p,f ;CJ 'I le",t _ , _ . : 1 ''W11~ Ctel'uul_y-:-entil't:.

D~it~ :MinoritY'Em'pQwermen~I

Copyr ghf£'ldmater al



3

D r, Ma.',' o m " ,noh ianI ·S ·~ · i~ ,crh,I.. '~. .,,. H_'~ , . ~~,_~' ,. ~I~I,

I, 1, . . . ._.'II..... " j. ~ - .- - . - ,, ' " • - ,n, , .. ·d . -~{:C ' · · , il. .- ' . " '-. . L , '- ·'· b ·· '· l· _ .c ' C_-, .J] br- - 'Deneve , Ii [ , IS nece.ssa:ryto rnaxe a ,Irrerenee nerween m e pro uems ~;~ceu. .-fd aJi-u inl nd i : a ,a n d tile' prob lem s :& cedby ,m in - o n ,t i e s :i.n a ll : soc i e t l e s ; ,D,din,hav'c f a o o d ,:3) , u,nique d iscrim in atio n ino ur- s -o ci,e ty :; ,' ch , ac :1 Sf u n d a m ,e n . 't a U ydlf[cre,nt fro,m,thep ' , r o b . l c m sof ,mino : r i ' t } "g roups In ,g enera tT h e only parallelto 'the praoticeof u n r o u c h a Jb H ity' Y 1 3 S~ h , e. sys t ' e ,mof A,pariheid,b l S ou thAfrl,ca~U-'in ,. i t' n · U · l . , . ., L o ! ' ! ii b · ': ~ l M wj;~ not 'J~il'i:if'f",[i'tV "j,~'1 1dlserl . .. .. .Ina..t~~!.",,· ~ L ' "i , ! , ! ,' a - I:b10~ 'I' ,f"lI;ifiI,1k-~'i·m--;-"!"n:·I·:~P"~!iit"

.. I . ,.v" _.t:jJLiP-tL. l .~Il""l l.!I!I l.ll;W ,~ ..' ~tIIfa .l . •.~ tll .I JlI J. _~I .1 _. _IV~IUI,'J [ ,. I~ _ . ll t. . ~ VI"I lL;IIH,. PddL l~'l!fi 1] [t:lMi'~

i ; t ,p .,rJA••,;j se lv w h :y ' " ,~e ~'''IL er n r: ~ue " N ". '' ' ' '~l ln,n·Mahanna: G · - ": "', H ; ~ hi d e da re d a n '~ '~ = 1_~ : ,~L":~,~!, _._ =_' u.~~-.l-=-:dU~\.o. 1 y ~ u·... _~., g~.=u=~, ~ 'l_.~ ~ l ' ~ _ ,_ _. . .Q I J! ,~ u .~ _ . .. .. .. ._P J _ , _ ' _ . , _u .

CJJ_-aor. c ! : : :

UMY . f i igh tagainst un touchah a ity is a figh.t , a ,ga~nstthe. impure Inh _- = ; '~t'. uman~:ty~,

]:t is fo r th lsr e a s o nthats o cia l, ,r e fO r ,m l e r5 ~ ,, t ,eaderno f OUl' f r e e d o m: m o ¥ e ' m c n . tand.'[he makers of our Ccnstitution adopted a, special app .roa,ch todeal withthed ::~4'"'~imiD~t·-;o.n,~O ':' .1 , t 'Hsr D·-:,,'I~.... sand ,:-:-L~,A, .Jlhffi~i'~', .Thev ban~~hed: , . th · .I_ e'p'J:3Imt"4___~ UJ~,~J g,_. __~~~~ ~ w =~ ~ .~ _.u.-~ ~~ .~ ,~ _,;,.~_ ~I ~_ ~~ -- ~ . , . --_~ ,.~ ~ ~ -~~

of untouchabilityand soug h t to em pow erth e d alitsin v ario us'wn . , - s~'TheI'nd.ian,C o n s O tU :d O \D ~written by such , g rea tpatriots, a s D r, B~ba .SahebAm"L."":~~'''=I:''"".:"]',1:':.3,uniqIi 'iiie; ",mr.m . .'·!I·t:~]O .• iR' .o. · l : · fu· ·In', ,J~'~;jCIon;, .. ~ : 11h u 'm .1<1. '" r'j:~'l"'''F:1, '1iC'i'i'::]I~~I:t="":~, ~;; ... .1.1:11, , . . , 'f l . i II . .alTL , ...... '71.1 . ,I;" . ,UaI Ilio..·,u.liU, 11 . _cu. . .. ,,J.~,L!I:;i,1I" i ii . ,~ _ _ u C'CU,

sodalempowerment through, Constitutional, means" In ,dia: t .s unique e x : p e r i m e . D i I :o f.' s oc ia l andeoono,mlc re·volllltion'[hrough peacefula n d ,dem ocratic m eanS

holds, I believe, lessonsF o t ,aU,societiesIn ,trnnsl,don.for annations divided '~y' ~ $ O C l a l ,and economicdisparlr les :~fdd ts c r. lm l n a,t l o [i , , , I,r~ognl'te, dlQ'[' eve'~:mie~60 . f'·L II . '" f C '" . .. . . . . . 'I~,I ,.." ...l St rI _c. :ya_f. 'S{L m e ,pr,o,m,u~ga,no.lil!0 OUI! 'onstnu~u)-n.~ ",i.;5~,pro~:ocnQ:n:~!;IJI~J', ::._,'~ILesupport, rh e re I s ,sd Uvery co nsid era ble so cia ld : i s c F t m _ ~natien : a g a Jm st'DaHl'Sinmany,PMts of our C()lU1Uy '~' the ,poH: tka lisoclaJ:! ,cultural , and,th e ~n't,d]ec~ua1bard,e ,~~:5t such discriminarion t . h e r e f o " r c ~hG Sto continue and ~t needs to be.innmslfJ"ed~

]:assureyou t.h_3:ltOut:Govern.m,en,tis ;deeply-and s ln ce J e ~y ,c o\I D m _ k re d ltom e 'equali,ty of a Usections ofour socilety anell'wit,take all necessary steps to,h elp in'm esocia l, ed ucarionel and econom ic em pow enneD 'tof ,daUts '..'Thisis ,our solem n com m itm ent, Infact, our G overo'm ent h as' takensevera l s tepsinthe past tw o y e a r . sil:nempowerS C S ,and S 1 " s ,both throu.gh, affi .rmadve: aeeionand 'by reinf-orcing our Coru:ritutio,n.aI ,commitment eo rese rvation. ,AboveaU ,

'1,~;L:J.'




- - roe · 'b "' a ' -ve · ' ' '' ''P '",a: ' l : id ,"s '·pec ' -" : · ' , · '~~:a l~ . ''a:·tt '" ' '· :e 'n · : t" '~"I 'O·fI · 't '·o '" "m ''p~, . '0 " ~ -C '- 'rm " - -"t th r _ -', ',' , - 'h ·00"1·-":"-""["" ' ' - ' - - :b " "" ",~ " :: ':W ·,· " .' I ' I ." ,I , ,'. , ' , ,e, .!l1fiIII liI'IDI I Iro.U" .. U~"!Ii ilion Ai"""I111'1!'J!!;I .•• ,,"'_" I,' ...• _ .... -. ~., _ ..• l . " ,1," '.,~~ r , , ..! !liP " . '. I' . '. Q' ... ", ~. ,111_- •• 11. ,._ .~~

;3)S m eH fc of 'D r. B eb a Seh eb A m bed lb r'te l l sus so eloquen tl..~:this is th e m ost', . . , . . ", . . . . , . ". , " . . " .. , . . . , , . . , . . . . , . ,. , . ,. , . . . "" .u .. .y, ,,,.. , ... " ...

,p ow e rfu l m e an s,of 'overduawi.ng'm , eone u n c i v i l i - z e d ,as,peetof our ancientciv,aiz3Jtio.n~

The principle ~hl.tIfx,pi ,ici :c measures, sh ( )u~d lb e taken 1:0 p,ro'tec t: ~~h.e'"n" f mi riti ".. ·d '· . . · - - b e d d _ ..J " . , "' l" '~_~'I'JI': ., dm r e re s ts o r :" '1 I '" '= n U . ; ,~ [1 e s ,~IS a n inea em nea ~ 10 o u r ,po,n~.l41uISCOUfSe' an 'in 0'1 1 i [ ' Censritudonel erovisions, Also it: Is relevant to re,T'"n:i7i'l1<l·''--,e: rhat '~.'I,~~~ ~ y.~ _.Y~~·~~_ M·"_Y~- i.tt .r~!I..!'·!f~tlIt=lY~ ~!I ~=~V~ L'"" ~~ 1~!I!r 'W"'fR ~ ~ I ~V.I:II~11 Z l,,_ ~ H

, . ,~:'I I~ro' +. _ - ',' " , .: .. , . ". !t""f'v" ' , ,,'~' I " ,'~ s ld iL" .' ': /wll,,' ·h · · . , ·' 'I " d e e d,JIlIOQn"j '.n one (:OUQ,-, or reglQ,Q C-Qw-,- ee a ,m3:]O[,II"'"1eisewnere .. maeea,every social and lieligiom,group can claim to be' a minority somewhere orm e ' o m , (; '. [ ,Hence, 'm es oc ia l, p oU d c a Jand economicprinciples ~ha' tmodernde .. .. '. d '. deal .. '.'h h '.' f i: ' b J - f· · · · ' '. '..,_-.-':.'--'.:'.:C, -" .::'1- .'''.-.-: :C ""_-'I"'" .: ..",.""I", .,." .. : ''':'',,::C'_-'''._-',:'.'.:, ',.'.'.' . '--,",. ","1"'":,, ".,."",m o cra nc so cie rte s,d;. opt In,' .• Ing w u ~re ~pecl.[ 'C,proI. ems0, mmonnes" . 'L-I ' ld ':~d'-~~Il'Lbelieve be based -,"-'''--·'~--I '-,.--',,,,,.-,--.,,,1 ,,,,-,,,.~--,,'~-:-II-: '\V1'l--,' -,---snotne l .' ,IC'W ~Yi = uc~~.eve~,...:e u~:. on cen~un UULVCr,> '!WpnnCI',pICS."W Hirtareth e s e u .l l iv e . r s a l .' p [ , in , ,~ ,p l~? 'J 'nm , ), ' 'v i t: Y ¥ ~ ,t h e s euniversal, p F. i n d , p ~ e sa re definedb v . ':h "-"d ': - - -f':" - -""d '~ ' -b e-'6 :- - -1 - - - "h 'I"""" '" ~ -rsa l - '"oli - , .~- ,,- -' fe,'''h -ru l ,'f. .' .. ' I' ( . __',',' ,r . I ' , ," : " , " , . . " " : '. ' " " " '. " '; , , , _ _ , ' " . . . . ,, ' - . . , , " . -.., ~.'e ,~ea 0" e q u · ,~ry.on: ,aw, c·'e unlver.· a,p,p lcauon 0, t ,.e r. ,e : : :0,1.

law" comrnirmenr to ba~dcfuDdame~n raJ human rights t , m d ,ehe .r~gh.t'Sof.' ,~ , , . d th d c h ~ ~h d 'b'. I. .I I.,' ~ .'. .. I ,. _'. . _'. J • • • • '. \. _I ,'. . I. .. ._ - . .•. '. . , . I' . .' . .' . J. • . .. . •mllnonty grou,ps ~D protect, p~rve ,an,,,,promote tne va u.. es cnens ' Ie_' "f

s u c h .groups~,~. ~

S··om e m in'0 ' -rities in Ind~-:i ha:ve done ~.Fo, t t ' l i l l l r-",tl~l'jJj'i '1Iio t h e r s , 'F~["example, in. I I \.r ~.J _I . t .1.1. Ir~ .1 = I _. _IA. __ ~ . . u~ ~. t J !1 I i r~ .1Iir., _~.~iI'iI_J,LI, lU;I , , . . , I l_r lJ i I iru " '- ·" -. II i. _j I~. .I .L . _ . ' -" ~ ,I

I n m 3 1 ,th e m in o ri ty, o o m m u n i l t i i e s ;su C h a s:ja in s a n dth e Sikhsh a v e,f a r e d 'r e l a ti v e l y

w en :lIrom,the process of socialand, economic development, H'oweve~tt,otherminorities, esp ecrally'the M ' u s H mcommunitv ,wnce r t a incarts ofour countrv,I. _ ~J' Ir~~ ~/,:

h a v e 'not h a d the equal share o f 'the':frui:ts o f development .. ' T, h i shas most~ -

,~ndy b e e n . e sc ab U s h e d,by [he d a t a,pro,,~dtdlln[he re p o r r o fth.e'HlghL e v e lC O'_-~'I~- ' : i '*·~, . ,f~i ' "L. 'So:::_-'jt '&·.,:::",'1'1 :~:C',:I':.~ p. . .J " ~ :', ,: ,: ,. .~ ,S- '",: '"",-[ · : : f . · · .~h,-' IM ·· · · · . · · · .>, · . ' I ·m m h"ee 0" me ClaJ,!,nconom ec amu .&U,llI,ca,ll.l0n,aJ,l,a" us 0 'L , e . usnmCommunity ~ n India, po pularll' known as the Sachar Cemmirree, It i5 ~".t..(-" .£0"-; , -" , , ,~"-_-I-'''I · " ,'b ' ·· . , ": '' -_ -I ~ -" ,' ~' :' d ,'.--"I'-':='~U I.' .'];, cred ::,v''''· . ,', ;," ,~ _ J I " . 'mere ,r.c~ meum .ent on any .,e,m,ocrallUluy e ecte , go. ernmenr ('0 reeresssuch im balances and ,eeadicate such inequ] ties, I assure yo,u, t h a , t '0 urG-,- ,---"" ., ",d e e d ' " "'00 '- d th i~'"'"._ -,"1- '-:-_'_' I~'. ", '-.>-,'1:, .·->·'I'-.[I'.![.l~·-."· '!'I :..... :,: I.·'·I~ .. ' ..oveInm~ll[ ,liS ,~n. . ' . J C{)mmH~.. to OUlg lS..

It is incumben t u p o n U S to ensure that the' ,MO~ p 'recess is not onlv. . . ~ _ ~~ _. . , .. ~ . ~ . . . . . ~~. .. .... . ,'. ;0"" . " . .. .. . 5 .. , feq··uitable,but is seem to be so, Ev:e.n as absolute·p ·C f'cerNm av be red r -ced ~ .""... ,.,. , ... , .......• , .... , "'" V''''J''''Y''''' ... ,U, ... ".y,g,rowt.h; in,equaIil~es' can,ge l r.sharpened .. T his emb e 'plli,ticaUyand sodaJ],y'extremelv desuabilizin~'. Hence '. we have to rake step.,s:'malt reduce social and., .J . l ••• 1,/ . r __ . ,. _I~+" [" ... ,_. ". ,. .. ." ...• , ,... "I.. "._

economic ~n.--:-H31h:i"wk:L.:::c,-,~ ln '~,~io--''I'h": orocess of 1I ' ' - '~ '. . ' 'I I ·h '' ' ' ', '- · , J . . ~ • •:t.:':""_ ','_ '_ ,, c"q ,, ,__ es,,_I!.UQU,[ '."un,. __ g L"e p _ , 1 J C e S S0., ,gf"OM", anU._ MUIOlU

:,~J- ,_-;I" "h · "I· :'· ', · , "/ .;" :e"i'~ · ·d '~;~,d.- '[,. ,~ ,_ ' :. ,. ' Id "",".'",'i"". A d;'J ,'/~ I·'-,',",· '.lcuuc~ng C e meennves tor. IU lVJ, u a w e m u 'e " rp .n s ean crea II V It:f . ' . , .rmrustranve, , " '' '' rra k -, -b,-- rh 'G ') --" "d e -] - -'h - , 'b '' ~ ~ ~ '. . , f' "k ' '".. ~ "C : I I I' ';.; ,I ~ l " : ",' ....',.II',' :.: .' _:_ j" _ ., 1' ,: ~ '_ J " ,_. .' ."' ..-. . I -:1 I.'. -1' :-, ,"- . II :. ," .I : : [ .. ' I' " l. ", :'.'~:' :''_,.' ,'; ,.,"" I· . ," ", : ._I ",m easures ... eni ,1 t, e . ovt, [0 . ,eve:"op u e capa .1 .HIes0 wea, er groups are~ ( )[ : - c h ,eend, :d la n dbe ,al lof ,positive:ac t ion aphlSt ,socialg.Lscr. imin-; ,u ' lo ,na n d ,

d-..- - - _.. , " -'l.V T.- ,,-e e d -' -c h '" - , ,- - " ,,, , , '~ ,-dlse T h ··~ ' -- '" '. -- , "d l"b "d ih ' d1 ~ - ,-'. - ~ . 'W'I " .. ' .. ',' ,'. - , .. [_ [ - . _- '.," [ ,', .. 1', ". '.' . I 1 _. "_.,.. . .

~5,paIlties~_, C, n.: . .. ..,ii,' •.,angc, 1DmUl· ts~ .. ,[,IS reqLU,r.rcsa Wl fli! .',rna·, , · · .ase,m cia1olit;cat andcu}'''t·i W 'm --'m -n" '. -:"n,,~'I~ ,~:,. '-1- -f '"' d , , · , i -<- -=C· : ' - - : ' - : · - - : - ' - ' ; "~"C:.' ~'p-,,' ,.'>,~, ,_ :_ _ ,_ ,. ,d J_ ~ ,,- ,~ " . ~ o v e , . ," ; . ,C , , . I ,a g , ; u - , ~ . s ti:iI_ , [o ' r m sO"_lKr,lmlna[~On," -- 'd ' . --}" .;_ ,.: ';." ~ " ', ', .. ,~ ~ , " ,', ' , . '[-- , ', . ' , ', ' , . ., ... . .-,I' T 'ih ,: -b ·' " ;,],r ' 1 1 "',_ 1 1 , . . , ''~~"i 'L ,_~,- . ',b "::a D , ', ,I D J 1 1 U t U : e s ,.prev41!ILen.tU] o u r ,SOC~,(!ty.." .e, .a ,u ,e [[or~!i)CIaJ! equauty n a s to "c

-- = -

~Ii_~ and ' w o n , in thl!, r n . i n m ;orour '~{)'p., 1 : - , WehIve'to re C O D '1 1i~ ' -_ ,'lh·t e v e n In'l" !lo e ~ -- -,.\! ... ~--",-- "',F""'';C •. ", ,.1., ~.:ze.a , .. ".a,: h e esoch,~ty;there a re g lass w indow s, and,gfas , sc c lH n,g s . '

:Th,-:::·E!f~t-'H n~h,d,,~~~;~,,:~,··~'[t'-h - I" L ~.• · · :b : ·~'1" :',"t ',,',':":, ...... "th " · ~ ,:., . ; ._ '. ", , .....',11:< il l' , . .. ."e,t'J.U, ...~Ulg, W 1 i. ,. SUCn prO-I,ems ts: -0 .recog.nlU, ,:e~rexJs~nce ..T h e ,second,s(,ep, i s :to c o , m e :up with universaUy;acceprtable po.~ ic~ e5,thatare not

·30 D·at '" 'M i' '. '"'R' .". ,-- ' ..." ,", ',- . -, -- _-I-: , '.' ," :., - ,' ... ' . ~ ,~ tc ~ , · '_n.onty .,,:-mpower.U.len.t






4 ,

K--· "R ··eh'.-......,.-.Kh" ' : _ -C ' - '""'- '1• ··e ,man , ,.< ,,an,

In .view of 'rh ecountry-wide d ~ ba ~~ o n'the' find ing oft h e .Justice ~Ra}endra,S,~ch 'r' · C · <~,c- ,-~~ ~,.. re - . a n dth e ~ ,:eeentlv a assed B illb v 1 he P-rU'm -~t· ..... nac;..a~ .omm_u:ee 1__. t__ e [fCe_,_Ly passe, ~. y t__ e ,_,a . _ , _ _a __~e__~, 0 __Rese- . --.- '~ '- - '6' · · '-B : -- ·k w - -- -rd o----- · ' -11-~ - - - --£ , - - '- - - .. - -" - - -" ' f i~ '- - - - .-0 . .· · · -'2c '6":'h, , , , ._ . .. "" : '[:" '[' " '« "" ,],.> -: '."~~·.~>.l· '1: -:··.·,1-,··· 1';-:-',', :::.-_"_ .... ; _ '. _.1 .... >1 I... rvanon ror ,.a.: ,.3 ... - asses, ("IS conrerence IS sl,gru"u:anr~ .·n, t

J a n : U 4 : r y ; ,'we celebrate Rel~~NllbH,c:Day~the day w e, g aveou 'to , o ! U , r ~ C ' 1 Ye . sar_ '''" ''l '. ' ":, ',- :~ .' _w h~~l. 'h 'c, , ,-.-.. ~ .,- " ':"'I~'l' .~ '~. . ,- '1. :. " . , I b . d ::-,.-. :.','- .,'-.:.,w . , , ': " .. ',-,~T- , '., 'lJUnsU UIUO.n~ .. ', ]l;,U ., as no ,pat,i,1JJc~ ~n any otuef ..em,ocracy~ ..C '; ,must Si,Uute,

D "B 'b S '' ah ' -bAm " bedkar rh A " m' - ' f ' t h -, Co -'.. .. d - .lead_' -.'. " r. o: _ ". : '1 ,"_ ." . . - . .. - . .-11 •.•.• I I " ," ., . .• j" . _ . .. , '.[ I' ","., ••.. [ •• : .. -', " - ...• ", ,-' " .• _ : .",. "11 ",- •.r." a ..3.·..·, ~ . .- .. :.I. '.' .... . 0" • , .' ,~, r: u.. . .or 0' .'. e '.'." nsntunon art,· , a g re at . , .' .'er

l i k e ,PanditJa \W lharlaJ Nehru , Ra iendraPrasadMaulana A z ad ,SardarPall td-...... ' . , " ~ ~r.' ' .... [ _". , ','. - -' . ·1 I" ,-. - , .' I "." t·" ~ I I' , , . ~.,. '. _.'" • •. ,

'who to ta U yb elieved inthe p , lu . r a J i ty,0,£ India andl gav e 'the Co ns titu tion

aocor&ing l.y ..T:une ,has eeme:~'r U S to take a v .ie y { · ~'to h , o wour Co,nstiw.rionh a sworbd [n the la st ;,5'years'~One of th ebadc.,sfmcruresof the Consd tuoonis the :rightt-o eq,uaii:o/~Article 14 states that a ,Smtesh all n ot[denyt-o a "penone qu ality 'b efo re ~ a worr equal,plIo[tectio.nof ~ awwiudn.~ bet~r.ci~:oryof Indi3.~Ti1L. .. ~ h ...L d' '.. f' '. '... d a] I: 1...- ro '.Ine questto(l1,IS 'WI" emer a ,_,ass or. a section 0' cinzen 1.5 treate equ i1 'betoreJ a wOf' £ l a , v, e ' b e e ngiven,~q,ualp.rote(;[i.on,o f la w'within the ter.r.i roryof.I nd;a~''\.VIl., h·-:·.,-t· ,d l- · ! 'd : . . .'L':-,. ,-,-,--:..t,'!',·_-:~ 'T h l'· ': ....., .. t~ ; '1 1 .- . ,- . . . .b ....J i - · ! 'd 'd ...· ·d · ·th1-.'w no .as :0. eel· e mrs qUes"IOll., . .. .l'S q ues ~Oill fl3,:51 111 0 1ne uOCl '· C ' an . " ea ns w e r- ,h as ·to be: :£o ' l lnd.out b ,Y 'the: gov~![nm;en:tand not hy the courts .. Theres,po,wdbHi:lYis ,enrrusted [0 the governm,cntU~ f ind out w,b erever' [ h e r e 'areno equal O'p .p .ortunities,

'~~l •• ••

At " 'd ' '1 -,tt L ~ b ~ d " ~ " " .J!~ 'f " _ .f '" . 'll: . .e ' J p,ro'IU.•uts uecnmmanon on .g oo :' ', - un as o,~,, re J " w ' )) ·n . .race"caste,. I .:. ~ ,~. ~

, , ','_

.--... nl~o-: ,c,f'::'b.ir.--l ., ~'L;~. s . " , ~ ~ ~ ,,~L.~I:I not d ;~"'rlmi·... ate ,3~:;nSiiit' ...'':''::-~ citizen onsex, Ir iili_C 0 ..-- Ul~ me . 11:.""'''''-' ~a.t~ ~~I!.I ..... --- -- -!!,_ I!;,I !O ' : =:t)~---"'" ~~y -----.--- --=

d r-, 1·" l f' birth A';' h: 'I~-: ':_, 'I '~ 'I .'~ , I," "-:-"".:" .,., ' . .-:~.I·-;·_ : :~ ~ -_ ..~,:-- ·~i :_I ' ; ; '_':1.1-,", 1 ' - : '_ : -"_ , . ·· _, ·· .! ·~ ·' :- ·I '- . ' < ,-_ _ _ :,I',':,g:roun S 0, re Igl.o.n.~mce:!i'caste, sex, pace o. I, "~ ere, ,g;un we ,a,Vie[0

ask ' · ;h·"·'·'''1'' -:.' .' " , 'h :·,L, - , 'h · ·cla "', I c· · .:'. · · f· :· · " ,.; '. ,. " ..discri .. '. __..,las, , rne qU e8uonw .. emer iI i: . :e .aass or ,asecnon or CU:.17.:e.n,LS·~sc:nnuna,t'CUI f d l'· . ' • ed h ~ h d h " .-::r'aor, , " 1S'<"rnOl.natJ-:.' . VI nar 1-: ifi,:c;:::'""'n---:-':~rall' : .o W :3 .. f ie : '~ ':D 'nu lg ' "'to Set0_ _ . =_ __.__ .... . ._ = ~ ," . ~ " " ._5 l~._~e:a__svve= .. _ _ ~ ..'. __ ___

" , • • • ;1- .'h " d '· ' '. '" . 'T h rd l'd - ~ . . ~ ~ 'iL 'b ~ ._..J '" ~.rJ;&,~Ltt ;,1S ••;'tSCrimUla!tl:,on~ ,1,1';I,e WO."', . :.Isanntnatlon· W ~ la s , .:ceo 'U~, J n . tUle '

eo- .. '" takj.., id '" rh o h ' be" d. .... . . " ..... ,.. . _. " W i ,... ..•... nilnsnta aon ''__'ng , m toconSl:.era ,uo.n_",a t ~ .Care nam a a _ ' _ D g $ ana ~

hi d- d"" ~" d '. .' h- · 'b"]~ f"n,", • • • • .. '-1.- ",' ,-, " ._ •.. ," I - , "' '.'1 " "-li ,"', _ ,- .. I' ,". to ",._ _ .' I ,._ 'I' ' ..

a r~ su _J e ct :c _ _[:f)~.I,sCf,l,mlnauon., a n . ~ .,Ii [ .I:S t. ,e rcspons.1 l,ny o . t , I . e :" .·C.· .... [' I . .. - ' . i' " ·t,· ,._',.' .':', : f , ·h, · : · ,:d ' ; '_ - . ' .; [ .i ', · '''~ . '·,'1 A·:· · · · · · · · ." ,c' • " :':'" " _ , · e ··t' .-'.. 'l:~g ov ern ,m C ,[ ],II, ',0 rttm,ove ....,IS l8C,[.I.m.loa .., 1,011 . . , .,g~[.n we com!. .() eq'lUU.....•......•. ~, ; "".;' .'. ·I'I··.J·~ ': "1· . ', ,m. 1 : £ · _ w h :-. .IL,c ....• ,,_ '1 ." '. i ,'1" hive b t : ~ "op,"po...·.,r[Ull~nesIilllucl a.r.rlc~e"u_ ... euuer lf inUaL op..nnrtun_ucs a t.·_ _. c . ~ D ,, , ~ "" I , 1 t"" '!I. I'"

g iven to a U du~ :ch iuns: - th is is m eqUfsclon w h i c h .'\¥e' ,ba¥e ''~o poseI If"- ' w ,a l' .. . , ,"h ad b ' . '. . '1 1 .th o 1-"'.- - . -u l" 'd '·- -...... , I' .. '. _ .,r, . I • . ,". I ' • I -," ',"', .' .'. ,."" ~ Ii -: C . -:-" " -. ," _ . -' : V _'. ~ "",- ..' .... ':; ~~ ".'.'", .',' . . .,".ouae. va.. .. eq, I. o,p'portwu~,]es .' een gt. cn, t_ . ,esc. lnp wo, not:

L ~ U \ e : - '~~.~iW"Il t~-IifA-1l.3..!I'! ~_il. iIW. [ f J ,' !Jy, ," . II i I. r . • ,~~ - - ~ --

3 2 '~'l", Min:n,fir 'Emp o " , . ,'WiC;nuen· '!t.lLFaJ_,,~ ~ ---- Q-_... .1 =.-" .... .-- - -... ..




Justice Sa'marC om m sree has;r e v e a l e dthis 'that no equalOP,POlr:tlUl,j,ty"h a sbeen n~:t : ;d--_J Im.'.;-I U sectiof1i;~ 0'. 'f ; "" 'h-l ' le:S ':~t"~~, Ours ~S';~, "'~~::- l -c ,..,__S"M't~: a'nd- :t is_~ucc, rl '!U'I!',I !:U, ILl , ! i :I l . !U~"I ,1.1., _ ,,",, !U'''''iIi''''''''.I~ __ ,,:n;;, 1_ Q, w e :la _I"'" . ''''" ..... _ .I. .• _. .

, _ I i .. . . .~_;-et;:; ' _ ; : ;p"F1iit 'ic't 'b'::li: ' :iV[e l" - ~,t:~.-- ~~. rd , ," , , ;' [ :"i l in~.- '"righ-1""" U " I I l ~fa : --ilU'iIi"i,~,it'ft-'1~,-, ,_.L ....G ~ O - i i 1 -Uo~~~f~; ,~~l~ :·.u~~~.:·"l.~__: a - I : ·".Y l ~~ ..<. : . :.1.· ·_ILII, ~~J.~~~~,.I:S :- . . ':" ll;~.,.... ~'.. 1.[ " I :I~,-~;lly' me '.. _.1':"''':'''4

has abdicated i"[5 ,l'eSpo,nsi,b.iii~'and courts areinrerp,reting:th e s a f e g u a r d s "-U '-C ' lt 'j ;m ~ - :~1',iIiiIIv. ie ~ ~ . .:1 1,..,,,,, ,~ ~ .•,t_ lo·:f·- ' , . . ,ILiII!I:P~P-':~...in.. ,'L~ ~C'"~fR'r ' l_'IW t;O""n 'i'] !I'Ill ,~LI~ ,:-:~,iI!:':":"""':""I~'~. . ,II: ,- a.~"'I' /~ , lI. ,iI., U ; L " " E 'rann . :. :~ lJ , ," . ·. ..h -u -" wh' ' ' d - ',,1- f e U l1 , ~t:h~:,uh"'l--h a s ' .I, .. , , G.I Ib"1 :,ill, U II , ., ;O ' · ,~~ed~U4lthU.. " _.1 ... ' ._,':. __:-:.] ..... --, .' '1," ~.:' • .' . --'--'.'-,: /', ,-, ',,~, I' ',- : --I '-. ~ ._.-.,1_,_ :-'-:-1 -' -: '-:-.,'-" 1 -:- - ,- . -, ', :- : ', -, ': [ .- . .. .. - .- ,. -.~S'very l_mpo,ItaD,[" ".; 'Ve. ry'Clczen is , ",0. .; , .e ~ , ,_ a t, " "c " ",not, :.een 'en],,' , ,C

..~~, .J~ ~L . eo - ~ .'n.&"t'UDUtI me ,'·,c,Il$UWtlOIl ..

The . r e a 1 i r v 'm d a . t v 'is that a I!~~,-, section ,o f'd tiz en s c on sistie ~ '.-,fd-n,-cjvoo. ..... . ..:}~~ "./ _:" '.' ~~!_, ~;6e ~e'~ 0,__ •--__' .~._:jI '. ,:5 . ,-ng O_.Cc-if '~.. _ I _ _ _

, s £ o t i n n . slib daJits m inorities w eaker sectionsand baclcward,classes'.etc.- - - - - - - J - - ~ - - t - -- ~ - ~ -~ --~- ~ - - -- ~ ~ ~- ~ ,. --

~ rn riD e ly' fe el m a t.m l'!Va re sub lecred'£0 'U neq-~~dtreatmene, dlser lmlaadenID"~-J-' _. -_ •• -'.' .•~ • - •.•. - [ ~;l _l. •. ',J '" . .. . . . . -l ".0 .. , . 1 . - -, _. , .• :t! - - . , - - _ . ,10'

and ,d.enial,o,f'fin~·I_'1 .... pportun.iii 'V~,This L~,_ 'L ........n amplydemonstrated Lv' ",l"I;iII-- - -~- ------ ..' ~IULitl, Y, " ,r "" ~ - . . . . _ ---~J',- "_ ~ I~ UCJ;. -. _-.-_' . J " ut:. _." ..~,~~~,~",~ U[I LUI~

'1 :" , . .....,'L1a£ C -.ommittee :~C; f - - - _ , ~ ~_ M ' i. ,~Eiift"ll"~'t"Q: concerned _ T"'~ ~!!I!'l'Ii1Ie! :i~~ i i lI i :Jl'",""se w;ihl~ - • e - _ . ~ ." "~ ~, ,, ~ ~ ~, ~ ,.,~,l~~_~.~_~ ~~ ~ _ ~~ t'U... =Il~ ~~~~ .. ,"~ lJLl\iI ~~-, _ .. _. '~

oth er d eprived sections:!, Sh ouJd th e: opinion. of'lnly'th ose 'w h o a re d irectly'orIndi';~~'Ij.", responslb •.]~f~:r'th e sea t;CiI"oc'£";~,a"~I~ ~:_ir, t ; -7 '-ye '~-_i ' l l ' ryoF our ' IR e . ' ;~_p; - i l " i 'b . · ' I I ; . , . .' p - , . ~ _ ~ " " J I I__ _-1i~~~T ~~. : ..Idl..;,lll_. f~ I]IUI] U:I ... ~ ~ . If. Wllal.ll~ [lvl~I.,,J ~ '. R..I~ .. l .. _ l " ' ,'u .. tl_l~ , .,' III11r.T'I&l_1

O·r sh e -',ld ,~L,~ 'YOI;:"'~,.,.. 'f~:-:-\nil!'A.W ·'·h . . . . .,have, s ' l ' , : ' l " '~~d '~· ;0--I '"CIUtl"'~":;n -~n~~'; ii' ' T ~ ~ ~;,Il '~ o ":, :r._." :SOl. 'LU . _.D .l" ,- ,. , _ . .II! ~!Ii.."l W I U lfW Q 1 i iP . . .,'iJ. I~~._ , .I I i .P. 'Wi_R....I .,1 I i.P . . , g rr. ....0 , , 1 J_ , .t,) r II'" ,. ,AL I !II 11~1~ .I.itJI I~..

,the ,gov:emment'[-0 decld"e"Let us nor be cmied, i lwayby the opinion of~ few" " ' 1 ; "~ ,s e c r i o'1'11;,1'" ""r"·~t_ a, c ;~ i" ;l !' ii ll li itV 'W.~'h i0.:- r"~ise ...iL.: : iI ''V "oi~-i!i' iiI','L'il'"ni"I,O'iLm , ' e '_ jl~ " "" ... .J :" I o t ~ , . . ..,p", ~ 'd , - I! Ii.- ... , ~'- , ~ !11.' >. ,L:LJI Iu· I I l . . . l~ '~ ''''I " ,', ,4J~, -, U l ! r r. . o . y, ~ ~.n-t,U""'CI[l, " Q,ld1l' !!t.r.U1~'" La d,I,I .-_1

demanseraricns, to suppress 2 . la rge section ofthe society';s fai .rh,inth eC 'o · , - · ,. . . .stiru..tion.. ,!I!!,~ ... _ ,~ ._ !I !, .. -_!!!!I

T h-~ :Sa-- 'ell C o" .:, .. 'it - .. '6" h -'. 'N'" class1 .' I . .,' c· I' . I' .' ." i .i - i l '. _ '. 'J . ~ , ," '. r., '. i j' . ' ' . I . " .' ". . .'. " I ..,.' .,', . ", '.' , .

.. ,e, '::c _ '~0

ar, =-~mml.tt 'ee, s re,po- r[~S',an,eye-opener,or I ,~,en au on " ,,'0 ' ~.'_~~'_~ f' ,., ~ ' Id l'b ea ) - I e d d '"Ii hich'b . . :]f ''" ~nil" s ec a on .- -- :.-,:- :-~'I ' iI---- . :-_ 'n'. .- -~ :- ::- ~ c ~C:, - .~---: I~'~ ,C 'ii~, i-,ll :-Y :~-~-:-:-::~ '~: .,---, ~-~ >~~'~:jN'-" CI,~~- . -c- r- -c ,~- ; - . -c - -'V,. ~"""lIi._, ,'" 0 . C-J,"IIC'UWOlll . '.". . ,ow ~:O. F,~", awaYl1W,.[ . ,-y ,lil.,C, J ! .Sa ,SIgma,

m our C onsrlnnio n a nd"'in i; 'I"I;I"U]'"~n th e CMliTilPn n:f ,o"'i'Ii\' Consritutlon r . .. .ppeal._:._.' _:___~ ~_._~I,"~ ... W!, ._' ... ~~ Qi__ I.'" ~~ ,I '.J~"'. __~IL 'IV '-__..: ' ];l'~'~lbl,~"'-~I~ u.~ '. 1Ir I I !1I I1'.AJ\iJl~~~ J . ! I i . -:~liJIJ~ ~ Ai, "',rCi.1J.J

a l~~.L ~- ,. .. _~'i f ' d~ f" e h ro - ~'L" C' k ~ •to ~~I, 'm,osc'' w o o a re cn nca i O ~ -i_ 'le fe,po,n ' O '~; J i a , . c - , ·3 l1 ':, :~ :~I" m t : ~ r:IGUl.~v] . (WS;n'lfI!o 'IC-,; : :IIr e m o v e vour colon ...d a r l " ' ~ ~ ~and ~. ;o;"n ' l ,~" ,~~~~'I iN' In 'lfh ., ~i i i ,t im " ' '' '' '' , ' " '11 ",111R:is'~\__:~ ,~~__:~_.u;~ ~~ ,:~,. '_~ ~v~v __ 'l'-'.' ',Cir.~' ~llt.'_. ~-'u_ 'l~J !R,IL ~:c:dJ~'!IIll~ t=lIJ" ~ .~. IU~~_~b:__~~ 'Ai .=_i il I /, ~~,~

- ," , ' _ - ' i - 'f ' ,- - - -,lle,- Ih" · . - - -- . -- - -- ,~ '- '-- '-, ,_ '1 . . . "_-, - , -"I ' .~·-- '', ,' ~ ', ,~ , - ', , ,~ - :'~ . :~ . -. . --:F v ~ '~ '~ ",C.·~'~: -'j-'--( - -,., ~~ '~--"~: - ~:'. I\--"~I: 'you,,are .I!lO.ton_~,yI armln.g uU.': C ass ora secnon o. your own IC Ou .n nym en ~V U [" ' I l~L _'~_._" ... 'L '.you,WlI. iD ew~nlng w e nauon.

t~ '. . r.J:~~~ ~-, , n, _.. .· - .. '.",[1:" .,"1t,~~'Fu ty 'l .. ol7aJ rmannIlJ1'llIlfl:r1Il,!

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5

M h ed A'·d iI· .0 1 ammI m I" '1, • .. . .. J • .• I J

Acoor-d il1g to sca tistics avaHalb le OJI the'mattes, our eoo ·nom.yIS 'w i.tnessing a .w th . ' £"" '6 ''8 - ' . '8 ' · t h · · · r owth · · -ill 'b e rea]'~ n J h ' th :,gJo . rate -0'.' I: to:: percent, . __ ' c 'U lt . __._lISg ."~,~_~.'WL_,>: ,~~,_n:y'o_~~yW~J:;:nLe,

people of du;coun.try grow with you!,Economic:,growth,'wi l l .b e true o,n]yw h e nm e l a s tCiri__Ull,~: ~ a s tcity will 'b ew ith you~I f J M l e m D e r - w e'were: taught: in

sch [- n d . ' '. .'M ~ f· · . ' - '" , . "U - " a b "iliti ". ,- .'.- [II i . ." , . :" .. , " I'll I" " 'I' 'I' '.' '".' I' I' ',' - . . 1',,· I',' I' I .' ,'. .' - I' I I I ", ",'1. 1-' .1,' 1'1o illlr ' ,00 . ,an, UD.llVersUy t,. t I '.you c-Olnve.tt.Y O llll ' ' '. '.I,nes lDlt"O asse ,m ,In,a t

business, ' t hebusiness im,proves~If-we:ale ab le tocovertthe d eprived a ndthepo or p eo ple,in.m ecollIn.try'into (FlU" 'assers,we will,'b e the:wealthles:tcountry'~ '- - :b - ---'lid ~ - -' 1 - -'l" - : .._ o ... . - - - - .'I -: h - - ,--.J:~ = .~ ~ ....~~=.JI ...JL=,~I ''- - d i'~ - ; -'!'. - - - - - 'IL .. ~ ~ . •"c -- ==~~·~.JItil t . e won ...In, asr ~,~W':year.s~.. ' ,JWC ~, u~. n· ia s. lm~' I~ lmprulVCU,

in every nookand cerner of thewolla,putialiadyafter theU PA,gtfvemmen,ti's:advear, Peonle in cTurk t : " ,told me mat[ 'w e ' l ookII vour OO~'-:n[~'\vbh hcee--, ----- - --11"'"-- --- =-- --.I' ---._. -= - ---._ .. - ,- e .. - - ., , , r·...., .... _ U _ .. . _" " " ,- . . . ,. - . .·r ""

1 1 1'- ,::~is ;if'II'I']Ii~cou n t~: ~'"'~1,_ere , . . JL~ Presid ··!""n''''" 'I'-Ii! "3i .M · · .· ·r · 1'i'l'II!]~'m', P .rim /'..M : : · : .'1'.ni 'I !:I ':,... [ ~ ~ ,'3,~ ,..:I ! U",!I,,,",, ~ . _-; ~ .""1:1...., , , ,,",1 :] [1 , .. .. ' ,"I._:ul 1;, o •. L, ,OJ !R. "., !loW! _I ')1 ' ,_ ",,",. , ... ~','II;r, ,:b]!- ,

Sikh,~,the: C hairman1 0 , £ 'U . PA , . isa 'Christian, aDddtle: maio,rittyis H ind u. 'T his,,is" .

. ' j 'L . .1 '. '. '[ c- ;'., ,_,L.,·, . -'-" rvand "'it..I~' L, ~ ' L .. - . .. .. ..~.Jj-I-" : -- ' i""; , r,;....JI~~,-. p ass u, e oa f In nus country ,21]',.U,t_U uQS, e'lUWllLCUour , r e p u t a r J o \ n , .,i Luua~,.. ·iLl - ,-- 'C r--'In di_, -~:.,C".":'y -- _,,:c .- .-.',- ", - ,C ' :~ '," :.- ( '_ " ,'h '- ' - : ' ':.-1-: ',c. ',. ' .. - ,4,,_ ,....... ,~1' t ; :. . . . i . .b . " ',I' ::", ' 11 ' "· d ·: ·': . ,w nen an n.· Jan a rn v e s a t so m e ,a u:p or.t~ .._eISa,p,prCClal.QllI,Ur .elng an m uan"'Ii n d "Ii n-...I'IJ~'!Ii""_.J p' . , . ; . ; r · to\nn:'I 'II'il mf'!' 'v t }'I ll ' . ..i!. .o! ' ! I . f 'if " ."'IJ:Hi!' t·.....1;'""-.~r 'iE! iP ' l: ,k - . .: iy . . ..11 o 'niP;. 'n:""" ..... o! i l1'li, go' ' -CUlt _', a,I;i !fatJI ..._ ,....1~:aI '~. ~ ,~ .. !iI' i· tw.. .c~,'......,Ulililii. . I, ' !r.' li l~ . lIKe. ~'T·~I;,' ulKl:': . aJI.. r • "'~I ftll~, ~.~, ;, ·· ..1_ I

,-~. _'~I.J'':CI'·I~ ;11111":'WTa W i' , . ~ ~,mnh 11'-' ,.. '1;-. , .w, . 'u ho . '11, . ,w o ,. ' . .1:-11,1',....."'.1:::--_~ny. n _,_.J I,_,,;l...,;~~Q 'p 'pt '! i" ' io_~1i. .1anea.u. DlJ.lil]l!Lr-I!., W-l.. "" ·u.~.~)~~ Ul,- '", il~ .. _ I,l~,,, .J.J..UI.a"~.,. ~ Ul~ '",'~'. ,: ~'Yau.l~~ ..- '.. ' -,: ~,-- ". ,J7·,~:,-t-1 ":, ~.- .- ,-.- :'"'....'L" -. } '.':' 'Ib--I'-·."--' ~,"~- . ._ "._ .", ,. , . , 'l. . " ," _ ,: i ' eh _., ,_J n e w, a y )In Wu[U,U you are !llU11 ,C\ ',lng ,t , e e w n o,m lc ,1S"unIUI ,r a te" I IIme s a m e

lth ,Ii '!.-1 -a l l 'th " " , n d eed ~' i ' l£0" ' "U-'-'" '.' _ .•• 1. _ • ," [.' • _. I.···. ,"_. .. .. _1° I·_. _ . Iw,ay WL. y o u r . ,e Ipj '~,_._ ' .'c :poor ,a n _ _n~~_ Y W,I _ _,:;__QrW.,

li'-·, ···,,~,'.l;:·I~- .'. R a · . · ~ ', '.Vi'II'I; n.-,,":,"!I!~"""'. w h o ''',....'k " 'Y ' ,-,;"1."" "~>,:. " 'f ; ' ,. .;L:"".Il am, ,gra[cuw,[0 sam uas ,lrGW,!.UI,t W.... O reo . over m e r-elgn,~0, nusproJoct and . the m;uJJts:o f w h i,d lare vis ib le ,now~Let'5:b uJld tb isOOUlltry ' w i t h .

,. 1 ambined _«:,' '.." .. d 'I '~:","~'"'j~' ~' ," I ", 'c ,L .. ,- -; -.'h ', 'if '~;-u-' ...•• ' '-.-0 0_ ,- ,_ , _ _~,CU 1;-JIOf[, an, ~, =! [ OOto [Ue pa.t.I, 0 progress,

'B '~.-q;:.. ~nw ;;:;....*";t'tAl;O'l\li _ ~i!I""II!·~,'llt+l!~f." ,j'" 1If1.'':_'-iI!l un_~

. .

D alir M~nor.i'tvEmoowermene~ I - <. "'l~l' , - I ,r-- -= - 'rr . _ - - "_ - _ '

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6.

D"h-I~,Q:": ' I~iVl" '~in"~Y'~" ' lo , '11, - OrAIiIJII. . I . " •• ' . - .

' In"id 'a '"1 5 : " -it h " - g e "d ';- 'm - ' ---- -t"- w h - - "1 " c hl th,----IS""n - - ,p a ra I-' - - -, -' ':-1E"-"th - - -0"' r id 'Poa"- ' - ' I " 'b l - -, ; .. .: :'. ~'~, '0' ,II"! 'I ' ,,o... "'t"I'r.;v! . '0 ' , '. ' .I . I' ; r: ,', '~~. I ',0 ' : .I ' ~ ' n · · . ;1i ! I ! '·w . .," , . '1 ,.': y ., . I .1 1 1 . _ _I I • IW ," ~ . .. ' . " - , _~~"IR"':J' , .. _ ,. _ ' _ J ~,-'1 , _. = . . . ._ : , ' ' ~ " _ . '. . - . . . ' .1 '_. ... ' .. ~ I.

C h ina [oouJd l' D e 'com pared , 'but de m oeracy' ' w a s 'bom in Ind ia . D em ocra cy--: --, - ••• _ •.• .: ~,' J.,~ '-.'_,',"' .J .l1 - ," , .. . ""1 'I t . .. "~ ~ . 1 _ ' .. . - . . . :~ '- I- -'I '['_- .", ..•. ',1 ._ - .. ( .

w as born a t 'd l~ nm e ofLord B uddha , T he people ofSoum,Fast A sia h ave' b e e nQ),mplementing:Indlia,',s'development,India,q 'rapidly'Id ev do ,p in g b ec au seT d'~ ., II d f B" ddh 1 ..1 :£'_1! ~ 'W1' __ .J = L il..dl·' aa IS ran I. 0 ' , : .U _ . .a, .anu O J I : 'g r e a t ':personw'th!s.wewisn tp pay',lI:~nmage' (0- ' .~L~, ,~....i:lof In.J l~ and•.come iL~, '~ r ";-:'-,...,~in!'II.;iIIiI'. "Thl' .0l i l>;peop..' I I<II i :ofo -.'Le[,0 0 : .'1 'mtrioII'oI:!'", . U ~ ,'Iiir.~ " . ..._,tu, ~ ~J} .. ~ _0 .~I ,~.-IIii-~.'~ ,I,IU' Ul~ ~,~,I;""'~ . '_' '-I _ ~~~.,l.~" ' . U ll.. .. IU-J;~ ..- ~

are eager [0 see India, graced, Japan 'w,ant! 'India [0 progress; sociall.y~,......o n 0 : ' ,M ,: .: ; ~ , ~ u Y ' : . 'an d:~J,U['J~lj:o<n', : '" ' [ I ' [V.' 'Plr~n~~t. r :~~ ' ; l ' r id .'AI't,~_'IO··'~ I~nd'lido".f , :th e fl.':'H[d'·'~~ _ILl.'al_I,J~. G.ll~ ! co 1 I i . . r.G ,L.. ,.111_;'Iii 'W'\" H i I I ~ J 111IIUIJ a. ,._ l' CJj . r- -u .I, :.M1il. .: J. . r. lf tJ . _ :I I: I. .

;n ' ,.. "" : r-4 " ! I! .'. M " l ¥ ·" '· .Y !A"Ii _, ' ' 'TJL ,""i>' 0 ,iIi'lif "",1,. ;;]d,~n·· Ji"I;- "11d ,' ,A"iII'..,.... ,..........-L~ 0 ',··f" ~ll1 pees , ' ; ' ~Y ' : ' .D ·g ':1,-, ,_ ,~~~I!!; ",Y!!!'~'~~'~', ,~,.;!I' ~.", _yl__ cn~,-,_~~:-,_ ~UJ-,_ ~~i!!, ""'~'!I;,;f,~.'~, . _ i!! . . ,!l!I1",,.J., .'_ : , . . ' ..

within the cou~n:uy.,

3 5




7

D....~-~lI"~..,h('L....o· : . IUIS---'·":1.. '. C,I~~ " ... _ .

' :-Thl~,:" ,L _ . ,, _ .,_ ..I, ·c.: r '- __:- - aI ll l ,. ..!L_A."'j"'""":. Rule s and Commlsslo ' : rIf ' I 'S-S-~,nP1" '~~_"C I -- ~m - ' 'M - '-itrees" s :lJ(J0,n;., 00¥e[S ,1;!Ue ~I,;¥, ,. __ ._' ~~, __ ,_.li"'~.I.~L _n", r---~iiI.l ,'U' - - - , ..,....-

consnnned by Govcrnmen ,t' o fInd la ., Th i sbook ,is of 25 0, ( , a ,gesand IwIsh to-.-!I:'-:-'llt'rl!\i!!I; :0 '1; e__,:_'_':::"if!;'lI~'-I ;e; i l l !d· ·h e r e ~~r' 'y ' . . .o,u ' recnsldI i< :J ;MrionQJSC~I IIIiIi , ;,IC\Y ...... I~ ,..... _ IiJ I !~ . . , ' ~I.I ... , [OIl ~ .. _ ~ '1111._ .-1!'Ir.1Q~~'W ~..

.The,,nnt' issue relatesto Dantsand the ir 'tmggle~TheirsrruggJ,eis rootedii"I th ,ill! ,d 'emand '~Ir 'ID~"':iH"'''O·'iL''''lIir@M'"-'""'~ 0p~:noP1i"i~'n--~1V''~r- ;PImi- i : : lp -~ : ] . i i 'Ovm·c' ent' ' T h ·ere~~~~, L~ .,_,~_, __ ~~U OJ " .at:ll:~ ~ . ,lla~~ .:.r.~ua:J Y", Ir---,lllli.iL\l . " ... ;" I[V. ~"I •. '·'~I/·. I ••• ~~ I •• _.-.=.~

,shouJdbe an equalopportunity00' both, D alirs as w dl, as ethermiaorities,'Thisd - , e : m a n , dhas been m_ad,ef o r.a :Ion,gt ime,bue e v e nif , ~ a w s a r eena cted for'theirup!lifimen('~,theyarenot ,imp1emented. So~it is ,impo\tt3Jltm a ta co,mminee

o f d al_ itleaders;s h o u l db e fOnn.ed whowill,,eim~: , p r o , p e i.implemen.mdo.fi o fth e la~" T he second Issue is th e p\wv ls;on , of an,agreement:001£.r.esetvat;on. of,D a li it s " ,M :u s U m s ' a n do;iher'mioo,fiaes inth e private,sed,Q,f and,dl i s ' ,is ;a ,' bu rn ingIssue, The mird i ssue rela tes'10 'Chr is tian , and,MuslimdaJJits.There have been,long Idiscussio,n.son b dng lng ;ehem under purview ,ofreservation.N ow there,isa,needto implement,~tand I requesty o u .to work , t o w a r d sthis implemmJtationin a time-boend manner~ FinaUy~until dali tand,m in orlrie s h a ve, r I g h m :on '!'her.esOUI\W~ 'tbey wi llremaindeprived undertb e caste-system

~lf.;knawn Sor i; ;l S tim t is t )

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,8

D r, K ·:· ·.p, ' -'S · · · · · : · · · ' · I~B·gh· · ; · ' . - .. " , . . . .,. '~'- . .~.' .

T h e ,fir.st,Interna tiona l D a lie and ,M ,inority'conference 'o rga:n_iS;ed,at the',M'avalankar:ha l lin ,'N'ew Delh i, i,gnited ,th e w Q , r l din such a'wa~, that anunderstandingw as developed,,in,'rileorg anisers of th eDallt and ,Mwlim, fn:rces-~ d "'"ffi" .'f··th I'd: T n - ' '; te d - -b ~ -o cb ' d ' .th · ;, '"-"" . ", ~I , I ' .' ',' , " .' . I, I . .. ,.. I" . -.' . I [ co· I .... . 1 :" . .' ',. ," , '. ' " . " . -r.· ". ~J,D." I , eF.e ;1J l1r,par ts :0, 1 ,1 ,e W ( J',r", '.~ .,ley unl, , .' to'PU,I:,3 .",.':..' ·e on , ,.e actl.l9]Oes

f.''fl"d fa ' - h ~. ,. '.' d de i- .. d t '. .. .,. - In - "'- -'; i; ;o j! oo 'i , ' --~;Ei;'" --." - - '---;t;I;- -. pi" "'iI !'iU 'in -nr -.J.. . . . . . .-.::;. . . .'H· ' n ; i l l i~J--"MP' ",'_ nn gs ' .[ '- '-c ·'VI' ,' n r ..•.U.;,,« ' .. ,r~ w, ,0 W'I;;"Fe,_. , i i: :U& ' ,1 .. ,g,r ',O'",,~,"-'i:I!::"":';11'. ,"I!I."""IVt',,·· '~.-n'a...LW':",I, . .-'. . ~.,~,

'·d· . 'I d i . '.~T 'h 0" b b' '. 'g h " .l-" '~ - .th h - ," ,. u ," _' __ : ' ,- . ~'" ':' '. I' . " -', . . I I . I I" I. -', I I '~, I, . I I ._-~ ,.'. I . • I~' ." , .' _'. ,,",.. _" 1"..·. i I .110n. res,l e n t n Ian communlty~ , ... ~ , rames 1l11'.D Fl, .' r ,J ' ~ .a ,pa ,5, OWIngtol'ich~ I 'tan, iU u m a !:e'wi, ' thth e ,liv e e x am p ' ~,I eo f I C a U f o , m ' i a . ,Therew asan, a t t e m p ',:1:

to chang e a ,tex tb oo k th ere .. 'T h echange:w as aimed :31t,glorification'of ' t hecas te -based communitygrowtha nd h ~ n.d utva forcesw e r eb e h i n d ,i'c.:Bu, t'the:Dalitsand,M uslim s ,inCalifornia,un itaU",o n p o ' _ .'sal,th~:movea n dI am p-lased .,I'" [£ "11 .

,. ", lb .' ..th ' h a d ' mal'] . .. th Cha . ' ,11 I I I' . '. I I I, _':,' I ~ :." I' ":-:' '. ":, : .. _ I .... _ .. I' ':.'. ,-",._ '. : -:' . II [; .I I•.. I , ": ,'.' ': •• I ':.' . _ '.; .. . _ -to . 111erm you I . . . ,t.. e government .. 1 . to !.!Venl· :y ,R'move .. at. ,. ,pterE m ' ' . ',, 'm · ,. ..~~ t> i l lr V + 1 b - . .. .ok .]U ,. _._ 1. Ul\r ~,-1!JUill _ :Ii

0:'., iL.. L... id :l. ;'.. of ' : -_j-~::' .. e;'. d- ..L iii .. ' ct· '. " c, . , i l · ·'n m e otner ,5t_e',O D ,m e sssueo ~'~ ane m e p"vate ~,r; Jl nn Ysupport th idea" . f · ·..-.e"1'Va'tion But[I W ':r;h:to 'L l"m g .: ' - ,'to"y O I iIi... ' D O U ' " c e "tha..' t; ''W 'he n- .. 'ill:',: :.;'-1 .'·: ·!····ur 1..'-.ri.'lL,-··,1",·' -. ,II .,·l.a l 1":1]:-' :', l" ·,·:.':II..lLl.: ',:1'" _-_ '._ .__ ~' . .: _ .. .. _,'_. __ ' _,_._ '_'_ .. _.' "_"' __ " .. __ . ' ", __ ," ' __ . . _.L_._ .. _._ ..

w e talk olfreservationin ,rri.vate~WOfj 'w e talkof"me ,eduated,cl~ M.. d mere,I~ •

is a y eq r ~ ,m a ll,.section. o ,fedUGlt,ed,l people Inour GOinmuniity~ 'WhatD utth ose' peopfe~ 'w h o never w e ntto sc ll,ool~ 'How can,m ..ei.r ,panicl;padonIn th e:pri.vate:, s e c , t o rbe: ,ensured?T,ney m otd d lh ave' ,sh are' in :aU 'th eg,pvem.men,t:...' '.'., _':: 'TiL sizeof thear "".'~,; l',d·"~~·'~."'12 'II_I,~,:I! ..,~•. '.' d '[,-'~l:f="·.. ;L.:· . , , ".' .O O L O u a c rs . . , I , ! lieS l z e , , - . , U ~ . earmy 1 . 11,_ ,n .lit. , 11 5 ·. "C_ l~_,g_ a n , ,~ 0_. · t U e mgm, lW O

,mds'~ shoesand clothesform m e;g ,ovem men.l. W e w a n rIOll1'tof tl 'ese-l2lakh_'L~ worn '~iU '''i':L~ """""""'V'men centrsets -frr 'm,",;I~:;'nD" '!!'Ili[- t~;C!+ ".1""I.,L s 'h .i"tA4!' 'i,..-~J~I '~'U:,__:_,_, U,' UK; ~~·~·~I/· -~-~'-:_' ~-:_,~~Q~;~ '-'~-' _'_0. ~-~o' 'w.. ,~~!Ir. ~ GU\il.: ,~u.c

:a ,w,w"ed'to compan'h~s operatedby dalits,sm a ll sh ops ofth edslirs,W e 'wtm,t..'L'·""F0 :-' -u:-....'0 ' :f : ·'F,L;a; '(0'-~,-'I. rn ,n- : -1 ' I i ' ; " i :""r.",lj- '='-r. ' 0 0- ~ -;- . .~ ,.. . . . . . .n , i f ' i I i ' c - ·-Ll~...... .~ o ~'n S ' u - ~ ' n : n n ~ ~a - P n . - " i I ,d -of·"'IO O · - tjI ;UIi:I~ .!li.J . " _l ~, ,.. , . . ,ltU ~" ·~&[A1i.i~ ,11)\ 1 I .au IIir.W.IID.II.:.. . :\..'-.iI Ilil,., '. 1m-- r _1iiniP. "'U8 u·" ," .. 1IijI

kilometers has to be constructed,2,50 kilomeeers,shouid,be given. to'the datit

c on rra ce ors , s om atthe s oc ie ty c ou ldprospee in an equitablemanner, W h yare ,Mt: & miliesunhappy'thesedays?Not b ecause' m e ydo,.001: g et ,mucholr_..i it. I L th L . ' . . . . ._ ~h U" . . . . 11arc oppressea, nut necause .' . - ' .q"have n o ,moneym.' u . t eu 'omes, '",n,lU, m o . n ' e y '

reach back da ti" & m ru "'" 1 ".dii:" .... -, -i':n .' - ,Cit' ,' ...... '. '~, o· 'u r- ' "'~p' '* ~t"i it 'II, ..... it' a c c u n ed;'iI!"ii-~ , a n ; v ;iliiW f 'im "-n'"~ .~ ~ - ,_ _ ;-- ,- I_ V :":'_ _ "_-1'- 1.'·. .I I, :___.~_~'r i,~ . :~ ur I r. . . .~ ,:, ~ I~ ~ ,. . .~ ,. .. .. ,! \. " ,! - ~ ,.~ ~'~~ra l~r. ' ! ' ·~" '~- · - ·~- · ·~4"'.n,n:~-: and ""1f'il'iIC_ ,mIl no·t': h ave a,=:L,~,~~~ In .the '~O,f:t~mv' ,.....nd.•becomeh::i'I"II~,~_~y~~ . . 'UJ~~ . -~__ . 'Ir. l~m._ . 1Pr:s.l~ --- U~ ~''-'. --~---~ ---~ .. _.,,~ ..---~ --~rl"'.

'N O w, I :w i s ' hIn d raw your a ..e tenrion '[0 anorherfaa'..The : ro.reig:noo;m,panies:ih ,M'acD o.nalds, P.iua, hut or :B,W lF ,king arecoming : toom ,tountry~ 'They

D",:II;t, 'M · · ·I",n'·o·~ tv 'O':n'1I,now,e:,.,.,.,., ......,..'1iiiII_liI 'I , ._ [_ ,-I .1I111'.l" J: : ; .""l" , l t . '"- . . . , .-r·,.· •.•. IiII:"II,II'1i1l : 2 -7 '~I.'




'. Am ~ :C...== ~1_'" b ~, .... h f''''M e,d . _, '111, ,1- ,open;re In , ..un enca on ' l Ta D c . D i S e - 1~as.1S,;37 pi!rcent s ~are or . ',ac:ol,~;iJa.sre stau ran ts a re :'withAmerican, blackswillie 'I7 percent is :wi:rh,th e Asians.. d dl ~ Idlans 'w ]. ~

"mM '"cd nalds .. 1 "

d ·'h '.' 'D ~,a j""- - ~ , ,- --,-. - I -:-.,- 1-'- -:-.- ',- · -1 · :- · " , ,- - -'-1--':- . - .,-,- --,- -,--.-] - '-,- - -_- ,. -I' -, - " - ,- - ,",' I-I' - "

,iD' D'·'· n g l.D · ' . .1 '. · . . . " . . .,.I~- , , , '." a:cJQ I " '. c o m in g :to· ,n · J a ,:! ,W .y.n o t g tv e ,. / ,Its;ah ~ .'..) ' \ cv. r t . . . h c, __ ,_t. • '~ 'f ''t. s.: D _ 1 :.1_ d -I_ . . : i iS.I_are m l:L~wn.'y' 3I>'e 'f. Ie tranetuse outrets 0 1

: IVac' t ,•. \():n~.w: not aw ar"cu roDdir.s? You know there are m a n y ' D 3 1 U rn :in 'Delhi w ho have the capacityofb'll iv i i 'Hg""lE ~ '''' ''D ''Ac '- I~ -;l- ,. ,..JL ,o! i I> ;. .. . .. ,. . .m p-O : ! i '~ \1:~r'il' .. lf , B II:I ~thev '"i:~' U,:na bl ~'~'i";'I;.dc.:0::s e a s , ; ; . lbliP" 'V'.'!.111:{ "C"'~., ,~.'¥.Ial,;~_ Y'Jj~~X!h YJ."",...........-,--1.- @4!!!,! ,_I~"' __~ _ !Y!!>, """~ ~"6._,_iRi __ , I } 1 ! . .i! I ," " " .~ _ _ , .!IYI U~'_J

, . .,L .~ ~~~ '·..1"-:-1~,-:-.iIl' h ~ " ~ ~ ' ~ ~ " ~- : - - : -_ , . .t'-.~. aerual c - - :po . - ·- : -' -ru~ ·~~ ~ ' ' '. '' ~~ ·~- 'rt- '=='-"~ '~ ~"~ l:-'~ .,~ ...-... 1! -, ~,~ ' ~...,'~·.-'·~··,~F~jllq u.O no!l., .lave ,access ..0. ~ I. op: ... r, , IDI,u.CSI', 1, liLfCC~ ago,I w asp:rl~nl.,'- - . ._ ' l:_ ·---, '-',.• ,·Ch · · · · ;~'C, . ....' ~ . . ".' 'J i'~' tl_.J1 b ~M ·· ' '' ) I . .· 'J :-- ' " ..I' '_ .; 'I . "'. ; '. r '" ."" . "a t. a , c o n ~ , 'C llC 'n c eIn , ._'~I,cagOw asmaulura-~,. y ,~,(.. my "ames, :I p,ro,mlnenl

., "'i "'_ "-I '. , . ''M ' el" _'1.,_. T h ~ C 'C 'O ("M ' , D -_ . 'i l . .L. C l iV,I I,!f,I,w,ltsacttvllst.. ' ..'f.. ,'... lnton w as ~ present.. JJ . ,ae ..'1 i ! ' . .< S '0 ; , ,'. ac 1 : rCh,Vi:l!.nD~

P- ; ., .. ,. ,. ., 'H - : '_ _ =11'11" and B'I"I':~I!" ~~:'no 'W ii!I!'fli!lip . eesent ~ itl" 'w ' i l ! iU""T'--:- :h ~ ~rff!i' ,.,.. ~. 'I ' '" '_. . .IIW 'h # o nwO'~ L LJ_ ~,~ _~tI;. I!I;U.~ ~.. I__ "~b~c~,K J:_:_o ._'_~ _~ _.:',~ :~_~ , ,','~ ._'_ ~ __:~ '_' ~ _-. .. :, ' ·~. ..·w~, ~u .._: __~~.J ""'_"' .. lll.lU

they'g i Vea share to American Afriams;, not oldY'inopening franChisesOu:dCb',!

but'ab o in ' p~ · · repa .n · · "1~ .ng - . . . . .th e 'p 'reduceslike 'pa'-Itties:~burge .rs· pizzase tc Pape..·~r. 'and.. . I __ .. _ ,'" :' __. .._ ,"I _.. ,__l . _ _ ... _.. . ._ . _ ...• 1.. _ ':." ,'._f ,. , •• •• _ ,,)1 l __. . I ._ .1

'-'~ . art: consum ed ~ napkins areu s e d J\tst im asine, if ibe .aal l i lf a m H i e s·~U:5['~ ,,-- .. - ". "I . _ . .-" - .. _ .. ~ .' - .• • ~ ~ . . . . - , , .J . --~ ; -2 ··.5 ~ C lL..~1,..:"'"::"'- ~m''1 'pr..,..-.Ju•,",:'on 0 ,:f . '_ ' il[ .,.:L*fiIj; ~~w' m·~ ' ·u l. . . , '~progressi ' i ! . . ; i I i 'V1"''!IIlft m ,~11~'-)1~_IIir .. -.. ;"7lJ ~ '_l 1- Il.Jll· .~iY· .~_, . aJ_ Ul~ .. D~~,_ J . _ ~ , o--~ lilt ,· ~:III_] l ~

W e nced to' raise this isswl~:inall possiblew a y s . ,'T h e interna tiona l m ark et, i s ', t· ' ,' t' i;m i ing · . · "1'A Indian soil and before'others m:",~~\~their sra . ' l !c : :e1iwei .~LA-t1Id-' o!"'l~A p .U'~~I .. ,1.,,- ~v . -' .. ~. "I~~' I ••:: _ '•. :__ .' ",_. _ ~.!gII, I'~ ._. o l~ . I...: ~. -. :II _ " . · ·Mly.--UI.-_w~ _...._~

. . . ,

claim£ 0.· s h a re . . ffi ~ th : -th . . le sse ,"'" '- I '~ ' .-e .. ' ", ,.' " ...', - ..", '" ". I .. ' '__ .','. " '. ".".' r' ... '..'.',' - .,' . , > ' , " . ' _' '!if I '. ' ; " "', .'. '0om .' , .r.ii, ..~' __. ,Inane = e c a , y : e ,manne_ &) _I d JJt _ _e 'r ' p ,n . ,_ l -,> "semOM..-.:ii'i"Ii ~ m~" I · :P -~" ' . ; ,Coin ..;L,C''O ~n ~~.,",!Iil'n"E~np',J=-:- .-~lionm· . :~ n ~ - ,- " ," ~p~-'~~ in ,. .' i ."' e ' ,r,,,",,u~'n '~t"r-v-.&& r- -,"". l1li."- ,I; .• tlil· .... D-' _~-ni!l.lC¥ll:J.v,r' , "...., ,la!l I&~ ... U:L· ""'""".. 1 ... ... / ..

L e t' m e r ebe form'lao n ,Iota . n e t w o r ~VIOdcforce'or task~,foroeund er m y''.'....~{':... 1..~~t.. - - .Id · ~ ~'L ~ ~_'I: .. ,.

,SOCli tmI1ltI1"Wnitn COif t . momJror me' Jnternatmnal companies rommg:toIndia:anda s kt h e m .'whatandd b eth.ef o r ,m 'u t atO r'm e~ ~ I 1 J e i l p _at io ,Dofdeip· · . · r. ived,L.r~'~ _ .J

.=J.~1""- d ·· .. . . ····,11 . "h , ~ .A m - .. "_'".". A " "; . .. . .'n. ., 1 " ; , r A ", . ." - .·1 ,Ii; .~' - .. n-]"~-.UiIU.It " asses , tUl lle rt: : eU '.t\.IJ.lnl"UUlVe _, ,~ a~ on I~ O '~ ~ or '_' ,cru:a cn t : ?oess :rO_,~~.

H~ ' ' D a1~ '1 1b " ..b h "11] '~~'= .r, ~ " ~ (",ow ,m an y ,-....lits W~I.. 'I:: ,given JO:us~'W :-atwh, IJE tnetr In,vt!Srm,tlltIn me

;socialsectorandhow'm'my people'W iU .get 3 "sch ola nh ip? W h at ,pe[-cenm g ~'ofme'over 100% ~,rOlflttheY' arc:eu.ninp ; hcrc , tw,illtheysoend on m eda l i c :: am.di'lL .... ~_:.,I:"l·v~~~i- : to · ·~"~I ~I~~·~~'k~Ui.-i ~lhoil ' ,I 'I 'd~b~ U , ~ ~ ' l dp~~Ii'iJ'.;,.:'~!:m I h · . .. .. ~Ul" ~y~l. ~C(1 ~~ ,. I;' .. U-III~I.. ~-~~ ~ . y_ -. . _ .11. _' ~' Il~ !IrN;~ ll~~lLlW !l. 1 ,~~~"

(Soda/il ~fUSA)

Copyr g h f - e dmater al



9.

G · .- 'a· 'I1J'· · la m l· .· . . .'C: ' - -' ~ b i akrav ' 8 · \Irtl. :' -y. ' .. ..•• .•••. • •• 1 •••••• ._ . ~I..,'.....

0",": '", , .. : .ib · :]. " . ', : ' . .. :~·I.···' ",.: la '-- "I~~'k·· _, I f - 'H : -C~ ' -_:-:-I~c>- ,;' '1 1 - '. ., t- ' : ,(lb' m , WI~ n e e d,~.LU' p.ro nems areloo,rUlng, a r, G , C ~n. e m e , ,~m alayas.=Q soive nem, _,-c_,~~to en;gag:e'witheach,other and discussthese; issuessevera l dm,es~Exchan,gjng:

.. _.j ~ ., " 0 ' , - '-bil-L '·_.lL]- t 'I'

Vl~S ann op UiU,Ons,WJlI.. enabte us 'to reacn ,suswnaJu e SOI,(!lltIOt:lS~

1_,- , ·'1 -9· · · · ·8 . · · · :8 . · ·- :- I t ' _ ",~9fOi-;:,-:-;:n. £:"'lVib""" he ld in , K uaJa L am p'uc m anv im eortantn 'e ... , 31 a ,l-rl!; OO~Il::~'"",__""""",--- - - - - - - - ,- ',- ,-,' . - -l r

i.smes:wer-e d i , S C 1 J S S e O .in this histori,c,co.nference ands ince minorltie s:&om" -, -- - i 'if-" '. ' , -'-1 ,. .1 1 , ,:_ - -:_ --p oresented'V"II) ' S " ~neh . 'I K :" 'G ''u 'J:"~.:,,"'.I and th e 'p :"n"m·I 'e 'across Ir,;,ne,woe u were ,Fe, ,I,~ 'I;,;, . .I1,CU~ _"j i- . . .1.' ,~L:, 'I. ".~ .... . '. '.' [Wi , C I I : , I in,.. L e li' ,

M··. · · · · ·Iin ;eNli;r. M . ·:r 'M ·. . . .' ~iIi"Ji('1""',.,.L",,'I"!I;' S , : ' : n '~ '1 - "''1[.':.1'!0~ p .r e s e n t ' T h -I ~,e\1" ~noL,,"", a n d ~"!]F"' a i"1~1:'I __ ~ __. _W~~I:J. = .__~ ._'"_"' ~~~-~~Jl~~ . _.,~~-8.1 "~~ I:· ",,~IIir.".~, ill, 0 ~,·l ..:li[r__,.K;C - ,UI 10"'""I~ 1.11 ~11!\r.,~~

d ~~i .... ft to th e ,W ·.. l_IO.···'ll~;' -" ' ; ' :UII ' I i · [I- ' ry ' · ''\~e" ,b-,,~':I ' i;II 'eo p r , u m o t " o & >o ur t· ·m _-llt-i nn - ' · ,("l'i.~,T-'iI'lre.,.&'~-'_!I.~,V..".II, . - 1Ii.'_ II ,I~ ~. _~-= .,. . ~ W-I!. '" .R·!!!· '~ I!t...y _ _"'~ ~~ ,~~-Y "- ~ . : ; ; t I . ~IH; ~~,_" =

~v'"- ':7 1 .- : , ' . .~f ':1-'-.- who ~liVf: abroad muse partieipatein . this 'process .. What are£_eo U~Jose0 us __ 0 !l __ ~L ~~ .. !il'-LU, ,

';l'[dII: d,lojno'i 'f 'i '' ''W ' : "I i. n ld ,Iwhat '0'.,U '~r 'C:'.PIU'.~ i:""l' it ~.I!'!I!'~ A'F'a'- ; j f I i ; t ' j I ;L~) '-~~n- ·w .- . :>;com ,,~,h';:!; re ,'If."":; .' ,~ ~,~,I.u.. <iLU ,", ,0;1. ., mil, _1.,'Ij;, 'II.rU 1I.:U,Ol~, u,. 1II.;1I.1I:,'U 'I,:11 IJC_, 'W '[I,~,, ~ " ," 'I ;. !I ' , ,,11;;0. '!W,' I!;;o,

, ,. '"h ald 'L_. " .. , .', ',' "tVI '. _ .1 _ '. - - '. - ' - .-h -- . - .-c ·d ·f]i ' --Id'i":'"'",,"'7~'5"I%'~fw e,S .'out K eepour eY'e5open~ we rean :new spapers, "ere an ..=,1)1:' .umt ': , ,.... ' 0_ ,

ir .~ -:C--'l~Ic-.foolincs'W hUi-'I"i!:"A the issuesofhealth. environmenr and p'roO'[e5SI, ,IS n.il~, 0_ [""~,~,~a,. -, _ ,J .. . . ."" ' . . . . ~ .. . . ~ - '-~ ' '- ':"_ :: ~ .. '- ' - ,-", - - :~ '". ,. , ,' . . . . . ,', . . , , " ' . • " .,0" .. "

on s h e: a g e n , d a , 'W h,er-e has'[he ag~-nda0,('our srru~e for 'bade , r Igbrs :gone'!''W h.: : .: :..C'...-'---. h ....iJt- ,.. b -, Idea lso f 'B ab ..a S-·~,L-.~Am.'· 1 ,b . ...J1~,~.., d · · '~e"linrM'~':~':Ii'r· ~~ i'o,')T '- he education_,ere"IIL,~eule,l ,~. 0" >A.-,~~t;lJ.:--=-",~-:~J{aF-I_::__:~g.,r,r...."..-'~""-" ,:_ :"_ ,,,,,,C U _ ~ .. . .,'U ,

system w e ' 'ta lk ,a bou[~ isru nof t 1 3 ! , w s . E v e nmere ,pol i t i .apre,yait W e have 'toth ink :about'w hat [hecountry reallyneeds,O u r m o th ers,sistersa n d ,the o o l m l m g ,senerario,n n-:"'.... .. J ' 110 : ' I f -"" ,"i'll.... ! "'l '. :- = .r ]I I ~ ..J Out C-~It'i~jili':' .... eenerationswi~l ~r :1 f -Vforward..tJ'--'c.II,. III,A':" i . ,1.[1, ,IlII,ceQ !I."

D~A't-' A_KCllIiCU., . -. . _.

1IU,~u.'J~!Cf.'!Ir.,], ~I Rlir. 'ir;1111~'~~_ L""l~~ ~

~!' IIU~_-e - ~ ••

om m e s s a g e ,So'we ,must:planwhar tto 'with,respect to the 50th ,anniversary0 1 £'B--"· b · . .S~'-LL A · · · ·· · - -L_ _lil_, __ ~~ d _~'L - "h -:~'LJ~·i,ti."olt' 1I:i:iI'Aif'i'i>' 'by ,"Ii,e ,u ,_ . , . ,n"!I;;e , co ''r',..,'L.,..~1.lp~·m:np'aoa .aneo ,m~ ..,,~Ul W,~d;:Il ,,~!J,'t!I'~.";', __.:'~ ~~,~u. ~, I'I': Ull,.; 1u:,'~1 ,'. !L I',CI

2-500thanniv~rsary of G,lutam, :Suddha, '5 : M a h t t J w : r i n i r W 4 : n,D ; :W4S ' "W hy do'" tllL.~ 1- '" ti ') ' W h ''-- .- - -t - b - iiJ ]d ' - -a. - -"'~m'_ l ~ k e the'w e ,no!ll.;.wn.itt,Ul pragma ' sc'way., ....•._ .'y can no' ~we . '~" an :nU;:~~J...•.r ....; _~~~~'' e

' II '"' .Ai 'ln sdru1';<10 ~,i" Ahm_.J~'L - d ) W h y . · · ·is mere 'a lack of' -vision" W h v can ' ! I 't we'I' "l;"ll. '. , IL ~Y_ ]" ' . :.,",'I!r IR . '- . ~ ' ~ ~ _ _I ~u::.-4- _'.II!I . , ' .,: I. .:' J. . '" . . " ..... '. - , ' ~ . . _ "! _ I I •_ .. '

developrevolurlon~nr'thoi "~kt' 'illndmate ai es in om wOFld~ 'The time w e' ' Ih te '"... _.", "-;_':'[': '_.-.',_ .. ~ .. _I __ ':'·_~_~/I"': _ _..l~J._I-!I,'c.:-.'- ,._ .. 0.-" J., .-', .•.. _ . ,. J . . . . ·,,'c.' -_".,,1 •. 1.. 1._, .... '

",-- .dem s ..-- .. :I . . .. .,1-- -" -"--'-- A "id --,--m -,-.'_-'IV- ,- n-Ui l l itIn;; , em:an~ 'Ci,eal ~lS\lo.n~;;n, wt:: ,__I_ ,W [S(F,nii 'C:(Q' I ,lL ~ . ' '_"

.39




10

Ru tbl ' ,-:I 'M anoram ta, •. - ",. . .- , I .. , _~ ~ ~

There i - - . 11 '_U f" I iL 'L b ..."," ...1:.. '" L.: ~--. . rLI . I J : . . r e~sa , r e a s o nto 'cal, au 0.' you nere ~ 'w e . l t a -v [enow n e e n uitllKing 3,ooU't:tne.. "'.~ t ~ '.' 'f .' •. 11 . . ·D~~'· d M " Ill· ,. , , . , ~ ~'I ] ""T "iL, ~u n e rn iiU " lo n a .:. , S I :W 3 1 io n[0', 'm e ". · ,aJ!I ' l ts;3ft , [ :, W Il.mS;,:~n.te~,na,tto,DaI,y~,I nere is:,I" . '. "d ~I ,t=·J,·...,,-, · fo · · - ." , -,- _.'I~,;, ..." "cc · e ·A'C' D I -1:- 'n 'd M "'i 'i~i ' '! 'm- '- '- ,'L -'--'~''''Ii!\Iii presend.','C "'.... ,.. jt.,~nee,uu;ay > r an ainance 'v ,J , , ,IiJh!WI' ai, " I",,~U ms !JCUI:U~ ~ ,I,~,I;I<y~""~ loU",

,', ", '.' [ i· 1'[1'" i·'·i·' I ,'. d"'., , .-.'.',·"i 'd " 'I ;,h'[",,..It· 'h '" 'i,'''''~" " '[' ','1 ' , ;J~..','rNO oo'mmu[u tle5! !1 a re .r:nost.ISCllmlnate·, ..,,~, ,Ou,~ .. t t I at, It, is ,lmpO,Ftillt t.uat

'I 'mnist speak1: ' ! Io1"f ioD a li t 'women """"'"fY... L.rl~£iwan' :d _'11_,_.wh' l i i i [ ': ; '<cth e situ'a 't ion 0 '·fth~et. i"J . _ ••• ~", \r~l U~·!II1 I ~_ .. __ ._ .·[_t •. {'I!i!I~,1I! l J '1 I Ii i- :. _ _ : " U=._Cll l" .._.~__. ~ .__ =_PI- _ ~ ~ ~_~ __._.. _. __ '_' "._"_' . _'_"_

D,_~I~",.,;W "; :'! io l_ . _ I] , " - ,'., ~_I~., ~~, .. ,~, . .

Theee are many·"dalit W iO 'm e nwho ue nresenr here, W erepresent in ]'ndia," . _,.. __ .. ,. :".: _ _ . I •. _ II, __ , I .. . ,r '" I.J ,. . !Ii . . I . ~. [ _ .. _ 1 ,I . . _,.

80 million people, 48.%of 'm emraJdalIi . tpO,ouhtrio,nandl16.,3%of the totaJ.I .• I r'

female:p~,pl!lla;ti.onl'If-you look a;tIndia, every's i X mor th ,e~s e v e n i l l lperson Is:1.,.I~1~i'"'· .... ~~2'~'L,,-.""," """_'L[~~" ,-"."",". '~" 0 /:- -., . .. ,-'l.'l"_"bc.-,~'IIL -rf'1L.,-~,',1~uau~;, eve[J' ,I,:UI, woman ~sa [wa_U~woman, .,e mrm me 1 4& ' 5" '£ .'.wn;, 0 , me people.. I ,...Hi 'T. d I .. n... bo .,., .:L·' Theaff '. "ill [ nara, ..IlO . 3Y J[many peopl,e '[IDAa ~ ,Ui[ posl,tlrveU J n ~ gs .. " 'ne :a.J.-,lmta'tlve: action'(0,[' D,aJ l i r c s 'I n Ind fa h ad ,g i'ven rise'to v e ry s ff iM lminodty of peop,lewho came'to a ve,r.y'upperposition,'w h o areable (0 g o 'to :IAS and, IPS"w ho are able 'to ,g o

h 'I "'l IL I'L ' II" '8 .. I f' LIdC'() 't i e leg ,ls '"a :tures orm e Jhlr,l iamjen 't'~, ''U E:major:ity0:,' tne people to 'aYj ,our~o[p..I]e','He still su rv iv i n g·c ' in p.overiV ' 'VPSi nnrl.. said that every ,dav. the houses1r-'·~·-. __ ' _·: r. I_ - - "- "- -- -' -" - .,1, ,I.", .,~._. ·· .. ·-I 'I!!III ,[ ,~"., , . ,I._ --,J . It .1" _, ..

ofrnanyof rh e people living ::inurbana rea s a rebe~.ng:demolis.hed.71 ~ of ourp e o ple , 'w h oa re a g r i cu l " t u r. e 'labour ,s t I ll d o n o /c 'h a v eaccess[-0 s o c i a il , s e c u r i. 't y ; ,

'V'I . .'. , ,..~ ~'k. .. '. h.. ., .. . ' . ..'.,,,". d n ._..1 B [' . , . '",'IL_we can, DIJI.· .a s ,,0 0 .. ,ow our ,people:wenr O U [ ~ ,anc p,ros_peu.:u . "..ut aJL,iUlC,

same rime, a ,m .a . jo r i : tY 'of'me , D d £ s inIndia,and, alsothe :, M J U s H m,cQ,m_muni,ty,"1 1 '"" '" d·" ., dl ., '" ., 1·are :Stb . ,SUM,VU1,g. ,j,np•.ove:rtyj,'. eenvanon,, s y : s t e m , ~ cc ,'scnmlnat~o,n, etc._J1,SP'lte

.. II r' _ ,:,:"'II-:-"-~,~-:.~:L" .. ..hasbar e e n e di '. '~L;,: '~I"':i r-.; .. c~l.'.}Tw' C~o~.~'C' ,·"l;--~b:~.~.·'[e' '' i 'i ' '"~ A i~ 'Q~, ,I!a.W~,wuat .l~ ., _ a p pe n . . . . '~n.,1\.u.a1c_anJ_'= eCenli4)' i =,.0 wom.en ,UiiU .. een ,F-U~'

_II_, .. ..!I 'L ......, ., ." . ""d -1 4 ," .b idies '.,'c' , ". "., "'-', ... ,.... ,.,... il " " .,'t_ .......t.. , . . ,L · . .· . . '" . , . . ,n aK C U " 1.JC 4 ten up;iJl· . tneu .•0 ,Ie'S were put, ,~n~acanas, In WnJUIUJ1~ W~

co. ··u''0 _j ~a'I : ' \F!I ' r '''T'il;::"",h 'I ' i ' J i_[o,h' · ·13 'p ' pe 'n ed ' [~:iFlIiM [ - . ,. .L,.. r .' . '" '"",:t."i"~ .[I. ,u, I. 11:,11;0..... j[ 1:lU)... Go,J; , ... ... , .. !.... ., lei , " an.a ,a:illu,~, '

There .is:law'w hich. on'th e o ne&:Ide:,su pp on s u s..Then there are othertypes' of thingsJ where 'we ate s u Uun,der.going; aproblem ..So, we' ,must arise,

'we mustfight,DeJ in l t e ' l y, - ,'[h e'Sta te g overnm ent or th e Sta re'wb . j , chis , r e s , p D n s i b l e :for vielenee h as an.obligation,and, it should ,fiiitiUthis mnstiwtLo,rudo b i i , g a J t i o n . ,S·· ·'im ] ' [_LI~· -~'o"-n -~" rk . . .--'n --- "EI

--- ... ".~ .J I._ , - '1 C' .-, "]'1 "" - " """ ,- ,---,[t I"[l llUU: VII' .:me~:~,WO'~l_~, :35 scav,e~~ger:s~.....vcn 'r~y~,,~.J mnuon women. arelnvelv _j ", .,- .. "Ii ." .. ,~,... '''',,'rl h'... ', . 'h ' , J., ..,.. _ J ' . .. ,j ".[.,.' ..in V!lJ..~eo I,n rna n iU,3,I, scave "g,ln g ,. we S uu ave t." e ,Q,t',V8aQS', system,D iscrim ination, oppression ood .denial of r ights ,[or,m,the: core:'ofd1,cexistential'---~';'nr,_:'o"· : . i f~~D I .• .alirs 't.:~"J-IV'I~_IiI~/.1 w _ 1ll.!iII .lKla;""I!

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Today~ICMte systemhad, enab led dominrunt ..c aste' peopleto appropriatepo w e , r : "(0 app,['opriate'wea i 'mJ 'R') appro.p,[',iateall th e b es~ ~that'is there,in society~'BUt' for us, me' ,Dmits ,,onlym erest - wita)teVet , is~ U n g ,off from m etable _,'!IiI:J'{d " ' I I

re O\ 'Pt t ''~no''1 1

kIl',-0 - ' W " "tha tA¢M .....

+~~y',',r-""1ji

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a n d < 1 Id "'v ,,:l '~ -, jI II ~:Ii~'

' tV7)Ll i 't- 's h e ,· '·~ d :'"'~ AJi.~1 6'" I.I_.~~ ,.I .'. Ulil. I ....." lIir.-l l-uUU. ~I; ~ _ . All. I G , [~I~1f! Vi 1,1._... ~. UI.- - - -

we'~the D,aJ1 i t s ,~d o ? :H ,o w sh ou ldwe bcna'Je) ,~lOW' should 'He' t e e , 1 ?law:md.~.J ,_, ') 'I 't: '. ' 1 - d ........n d '. 'WI"'O~:W ::ri,,l w e' organ' lze 'ourservesa n ' ptores£,~ we a re I~Le;·, a s - renO, tJS ts .we are

net ter,rorisu;, w e are,Iaw;-abidingcinzens. S o;Justice sh,onl.dbe' on. (JUr. sided '.' '.' h uld b ~a n ,.J us n e e :s r()IW", I. e givento us,

T heproblems of Dal i t s ,l e x i . S lnot only in Ind ia ,W e~m u s e, r - e c o g n I ! i n g 'W Jtcaste'dbcF,imina!tionaffects''W: In ir s m,osE,sey,erefor.m; a ,t ,ieast i ,n200m I n i o n ,,peop:~ewoddwide ,it: is particularlyacute in South , ,A sia '_< N : e , p 3 l l tPaki5mn;Bangladesha n dSri Lanka-also in , m a n y ' of '[h e'A f r i c a n ,countries a n a ,' t heM'o,F.oCClD,co.mmu_Di:~'in Ja,pan~Wi)erever 'Indiansmigrated,,th~have a h a ltak~Jlth is ; ca sU ! syst.em.along 'with,them", . -

The: Un, lv,e rml Dec~a'mt~on.of Human Ri :gh lS ' ,'v cry' dea rly (dIseveryonet h a r :w e are born£ m eand.mere:has tobe 'equalrugnirya nd ng h'ts~'W eare all.

,.I d ~ b d t: d 'I -'11- 111 '· e d: ~ f '-ennrtec to ,r,lg <. ts ann rreec ,(l,m,,,, am, arse elM ing, mr con I , e m n _ a ' c ~ o . n0:· .

d isc rim in ad o e ,a g a in stpersons of'A:sianj , A f r i c a _ "deseent and I ndigeneuspeoples, as contained in 'the :Durban,Declarationand.P rog ra m m e, T h erew as

. a World C onference aga.imt'Racism,,Radal'D i . s e J r i _mlna t_~Gn~ ,X encphobia and,

Intolerance, Gur , g o l v, c ' , r n m , e nt , r. - re fused .to a d m i t the p,re'se~n,e o f castediscrimination in , the I C O l n f e r e n c ~ , .A , generalrecemmendarionin , th eC c mm irree ·on Elim inat ion' 'o f n~,~~,~'1 'D ' t~ i " " t ' im~m' "' ""0-lo n 'tE"'I,~ ":,,L~[-, i r reinfo r....~~ ~ __ ,_!lj..'~~,~ _. \_: .J _ ._ :. I _ _ ~ _,. _ .I:I.,.J ' .'~ l~CU(U' .'_.:',· ~L1 J~ _ _! .. __' aJ ._ . . : ,. _ "I~ um- .._~ _,:____!_·:___t~

~l_, - ...,••1 - ., -- iL.. b - , , ] .iii d - d -'" ~ · -,. -me ,KaaJtronsUlp ierween povertyj, anw,essness an .caste asscnmenanon.Ve . r y : r e c e , n ; t i l y ~th e U N 'Sub-Com.m:issIonappoin~edl'MO, Rap,porteurswith

th e t a s k .ofprep.lring acomprehensive,r-e,portondescent . ..baseddiscrlminadoni,Olltr,gavernrment muse eonrribu teto ' ch i i5 ''~,pott;; but ,th~ b av,e no t, ~ , thisin jlo 'e a m ~tautmpt~ So~w h at 'w e'want,,3..""' ,d · a , U t?to'me,fimustb e ' h ,c a .r d~

Mr~ P S K rishnanhad sald that 'w eshould , g j , \ r c ' l and'[6 dalit women.because w e'wl.iIprorect everrbody '_ food setur,iry and social security' M.U be.,;L F ' r-l- d- ..J~'i:" h- uld L. ~ ~ rl • "I e lim e re, riv e a cresor ian to oanr'women !,:_,OW~ ee unl,Vt':l~~y ig~.ve!ll,m .~n:~~:a -

0 -f" -ceurs e ,:',.,,_<I '_~ .....-.;n ~b.~~:ilt!l\e.n;to...... o- , ' "m '"er ' l 11 ' D 'd1·:;II!I~c;r peep. ~ J ! I O ., :S: 'AJ!" '" l"I i ln ' ;dj ' lv1 0 ' 0 - ', 1 ! ! . . . , . .JLI:~l '- :-JI ~ _ ~:I! .J~aL:.i(J ........,. .,._., t '_ 1 Y I, I.U. " , ,I iIiiI. - ~ .F~. It'!iril' .......~, J"t" 't ,1Iir. ...I:~ru

reservationmust be passedfo rw o ' m . e nddin.~teJ~)1,'whereinth e SC w om en.'will,g et th eir .r,ights~,It:is a, ,[ong~pendi.ngdemand, The ' third issue is that 'm ereservation fo r dalit Chriseians must be esrended, ,Reservationfor Christiansand ,MusUm, converts aho must i b C ! 'exite'.nded"EdJu~tion. for children s h , Q u l d ,be :arvalhlble,.Ed:l!l,cate~:agi,ta ,le ,~o.rpniu ' _,th e se : a rethe : th ree majo rc -o .:n ce p ts o f

D r,A m bed ka t; Ed uca ticnf o,r ,g ir lsmust 31mbe provided f r 'Q ,m'm e, p , f "i m a r yleve l tom e 'uni.vetsity ~ evet.T hen only people lik e' m e a n com e, a dd ress a nd:Ii,ptfor o urc"o,mmunity~

.IlY~ n .l.,~.~,._,~, ~'~,"'.:L~"J~ v; ; ;+ . ,~\"l~''''''~ ~l·M' ailj;~iJ.·_ ~:"f

' D : : -1 ]1"'_ · M ' _ -'~l~";O-'~'tv Em-a ew erm en '[, - .,aJ,II I'l' j'_. - I~~, '1I!I!IIr.:1' '. ,: 'I'" _' "'~ ~["-~' " '

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11

D · 'Q~;a·'··'. ,.E~ __

A 1~IL 'L _ ~,L ~~' ~t_.. c ,', "P h- ' -p . 1-' 'it 'I ', 'wolIg,nme' SJ,og an lor tm sconference IS,~ )1 ower to t~'. e -ow er ess", " ,IlJEVet~d-' .J_'I ~ ~,.J II'" ,; ..;il . . . .IL ~~,~~~_l~ ~ ,~ f - . . . .L.;' ,,roOSt, ernants, ,.wlVU1Sorm e otner 'w,~r' seeuons 0.rnesocietyas:powerless~

1-'1' ~I·- tit:" --"'c. reth:..."",;~~,~'-....'.'.:.'.I ·h : ,- ·· : . .: -~ : . '.d ecid e --~· . J , · ·~n: 'Q-rdt i ·[··;t nationill ~~~a~~:eyare ....Ie,l'call .power W,_Ocan ..,eel ..:c tue uatL._Y I._ '_' - ,- -__ $, gf:'eil_c.,c. _Jl(L,-,~

O· d ~ 'I ded h lug ~ eh ld '8 D·· A m · b dlkar·I · ·U--r c iPin'il nrr:iiU"'V' ii~' -:i -U l ' - . , . . . ,~t -:-.... ---- ..•. - 0-n-c· '"rn c'. jiii, ' -w- ' -o-Ii' c .. 'ii'iilt" "i~ I I r :,----,a # iiI - : - - -_. ' . ~ ,I l&I~II i'~J: iliJl .• 1 _ : '. , j ~ I .• ;,., ._ '.: ";~"I ....• _~',~ I _' I~__ J ~, . .L ~.; , I , ,__!_'I@1' .. 'Yl;~ ~ - ,,- '!' '..:';', ~~~.~ . II !! -~ ' _ ·...~~I_

-::d' ' ; ; r · :V,....!['i[ w a n e _t._~,;p. 'n,nl;.. ~~1 , lIA't ' li ' l. . . . ..~rncv "0· · ...ontinue '[-'0·· , tllo··Uf~eL vnitil! m u s e,~I·~.:tII ,!IVI VIU, n·,~..,~, tm s r-~'~'u~ a~.LI~.t~~-~,: '" .~.~V~"y~.~J_'_~~'~[_., ,( I ~~ "_·~-,~-n:l!' I ..~l~, ~:~:_W~.

have rhe so clal,de,[hocracy and ecenomic democracy which,should, b e :esta blish ed a t:: ~ t s ,foundation"a t Jhe rwi l se '~po l . i t i ca1democracy'w ill not h avea:n~" mean:i!n-:-'Th~~' Is ..he ~['iI"ru~iI!'II'O" · · ; t . .a· ' t- · ,'D· · · ·f' Am b e d1~.... , . . .0: :11 '1 : . . . . .tl'~ w [ - h ,- I - D · ' i! . . . . .. - · · r .- ._ ,_ .: I . ~ . .. - t;~ ~ ' -:_:~-~ Ul.' .".~ :._____Il&I~ UI. _..' I .!I! .' I. lU C .. _Aal~ ~.", \r. ~~ .. _.' I. f\.i, 'I ,1;L~l

:pr:esen,ted,' m e 'C onseinnion on, 26th ,Jan,uary'191 ,5o .~ ,when India entered intoa,. '. - - .. . - ,. - ' A -o ji'tL .." ,.._,~:i'-'i:-,;-~ II ,... i l ,~L~-~,'in- il..- , - ,~, . , ,~l i-- , ' . - 'bu t ~ -.th · - -- - - . . - ;. - -.; -m~~ '·T ,d,-.new eta ." ""ne pounca ,~ev:-el", UlaC WL ut: equal !tY~Ut at me erotitQ=-,_.I_(:"m·

ctdtum1,l.evds~'mete.w,it be ineq ua J i , t y ;it: 'wn~' b e '-lives ofoontradicti.on.,Till,- ,',. '- " ,-, -., -:-C,- -~:~[--,: ',~J~'£e>•.'.'i:I ..., · ro ' ·[ ~ ;- ~ , - , . . .'L - 0 0 · ,- ,,-[1'-'·~d·' i c t icn s ·' ; :0 0 ':gil ' I:iv:a~ U n l e s snoW;.. we -8 i l ' "ennwDg h .. Willl~-W,II;...... so.~,¥e Ule I.. ,[h.m ... ",",01.10:',11 ' ,1,.' . I .. 11,_~.. .... I. ~I

'we m:I,Yf:the problemsofDaliu,: m d ,,M '~ Ind iandemocracycannotadvancef u r t h e r 1[. ::' ., . , ~ o o · , · ·-:-.J ·£o·, j i 'Ind ~a~· ' -n -~L·m---nrrtlc.v ..,t..,O'jIifr'we "!l l1i"iEIo a d d r e s s i n:g ' ..,1L.~ ls s u ~_lIllll.iI' Jrij,L;. III ~ [ Of .' ...lIl ..... ~I II_ I ( . I: __ !_ uc;.:-:I f~i .J~_' ·Ul..1L .~...~ Qbll~ ,all-ill-I. ~I 1 .'.' Ul~ ~. ~

and , 'w lU fInd . 50hu~ io.ns,as ead y as,p o s s ' i b i e , ;It is :, g o o dto clum tha't~Ind i a ' t r sB 5 % · - G · · · 'D 'n -w - - - -.. - nd e la ie .- -[.-- -- -,· 0 · · - ·- - - '] '- di "'.-,-.. ~- - .. ..•.. .[_:.• ,~ [ ..:_. C '_[',c_oJC ,; ._'e can ,g oafL_,C_i,- ,-m evCryw"L,CirC -1\ ~a IS cmcrgulg as, an.- ·cc·cc, -.-:-,.- -~C' - - , ,-" ~ --. ~,L . ,,--. -~ I..Ii - . . ,. , . .. .- 1 [ , . .C · :h :" · . .- . . , . . - - ," th · , .[ iI i" "' i;L. '" - . .ecnnermc powC!r. In me worUl~I' ,nl!Xl:on y to .....: ,ana, O,F eveD at ,parWI - .. LnlD_a.,

"T h ' - 8 0 '_ '1 ," ' . .. .. ..l!'Iiw~·'rvw[: '~ la., th'1''' - if" ' -d·I1 ' t - 'UI"Vof 1i~dl~,", 'UP'~ . . ;o;~I~ ~.;oIL=,,,,'i~ these Ibili '-:-.- ', , , ,....,£, 01[11;. ~U, . "'" _ d, uc .'. "'"', ~ .'" u, JLu 'IA~ W"'"', ~,II, "U,LiU\C au !I.' ,~e ..., g :starements. :S lU: ''w h at are:we M"C witnessing t o d a y : ?Ever since th e:neo-liberaleconomic policies'were adopr 'ed,,in,t h m :mun,t,ry~'you Snd, 've"ryf e w 'r.iny,islandsof,prosperi,ty'a p p e a r i , n _ gon the ,map;,miseries and, ,malice:,p.lapem evast' D l I : iORty 'of OUl' ~nJe =, ' ruPVa re the d a U 'n s -adivads~ 'andm p v 'c a mD e 'minorities ' 3 !S'W e iU',.. r··~-~·,r.' .' ~ " J ' . . ~ , ' '. _ _. "" '., '_ _ . '. ' . ,I o' ,_ •• --'J . _.1. .' , .... ,.. ' '. ..' I I . . , _ •

W ha. ;,th 'E ' ,; ,d ~'II ~ ,vn.. '. " , : 11 . . "r- '', ' • _ t:is :~•. e :m ea n'lng ' or econonuc:Jevao,p,m'en,(iw,Ii,~atis m e meamng0;"econo.m ,[·~ ~~ t"'~ I--m --)4"""'''I''n- ~ po-·[b -~:""-,",:Lro D: r- 'Am[ L_ ":" .l~ _ _ - :- "H ; ~s a l d -; t~,~,, ,, : . .. is "'i'~. ,I' . _~~ &'!I;;I-~, I ~ liJ-~ __ I ..., ' I. D " ~.\J.!, '.' I 0 ~,~iIi "1 '~'. . ~L"_ II . _,

m o n s te r '~o·:'Ill;i"l0'!II'" n o,t th '/]I!'II 'k -j" j; · f- 'nn ' [- ~,~ ,-~II ,;,,~t:.. ,~,~ v o u r 'Y 'I IA 'n ·· ' ·0 ·,t', ~L ; , . . . . '1 ' ._,· 0 ·· f 'e c o n'o m - - -~' l !c[' .. ' _ .t .~,ljJ1 '~Il !I! l.""'!; _ 'I -~&. ·. ·· l ' __ . . - -=- - '-=-"~ . ! !" '! l "" . . ,r-"iI'!'l:_~IIi.~~IL(CIU~!II'~'~j , "'! 'II! ' '~l~I!-.~.: .. ~ Ul-!I!IIK ::'.' "__~I _ _~. __.. '

--c ~ "m [·.,-unless vou '1 :" : :1-]-tiVI".;:;m-~ifi's-~p'r-- cal~-'il...JI casf'"~[T h> ;,~ : ~ ]~ ~:-"'+"lit' ID ' , I -c. A m ,: - " ,- : -b- '-=_jl-~~--'r--[n:Jl;\"'~,. ~~ . _I~ J'_ I\l - 1 . 1-1_ ~ I r ~ V,I!I 11.11..[ . . IO U , . !Lr \. il ., ~ 1 I I _ ~ 1 t J i _'iJ WII~LII. . I . ~ ',_ I •. C"Ulta.,

~d· . W b eJ'e ,isd; ,m1l i tVof da IUu ' r 'What . is th e ,sm uts, in,our' sod,e",~ 'What. ..• IF _ - .. _. _- -_~~~_ 9 .', _ .. .!I _-. .. _- .. .. _. _I!' •••• _ • • • ~1' !F ~ .

"b- , - ' I" iP · i" i i= .J",-c· pt. ...,t ; 'I ' ' ' 'Ii,...t') 'I - - I - ~ ~ --d :'~_,1_ ! ,~ 'h · ,'c-·. ,b-'~'__"'t.iIr·····e 1 - 'h[-- . . . .· ,t· - .. --·1 . ,, 'I I ", iI i' '' - .. aP r ....~cu ,In ilUla1.FtanJle' . ,n a , ~ _ a n ,·wnlC p'Ve .1lU1 1;;0 sue, g[D!a.,pe_rsonau"lC!SI -"!~'~ .M ';,..L,:",;· -< ·pll..~,.,~ ..••... .JI D .' A -rL_.lII~~~, _ [: .. ,.; 'i, :·,"n'I" .. lLI ~ nu,,..:wom:nlKC ,._. aJ-uttma, .. ,uwe 31lu ,. :..f.. cl'U:n~:,[ c a n ,you ,~_magt__ :e,Sltu~, L,J_ . __, _-"_ ,_e - , , , - ,

4. . W '" .'... ,. ,:" ',-.......J ,. ,. ". , .... L-- 'D,- 'I I:"' . .; j :I[en.roes _· . ·~_ t ;were 'commu!);.eu,agaJlUt Ule . . _ ._ iUJ . t s~

Wh:a(~is th e poUdcal d e - Q 1 ' o c m c y'cila ' .c:y o u talk a'bout i.nthis country'?[

42

Copyr ghfw mater al



~" -: '" " e h ~de Ih mlk ab '" th '" '-I '.. . .... '~.II·· , " ·'·n m t.· . 'm . ,. ',,' ..,' I·' ...... " ,. , '.' ,- m' " . unt ,. I Iii' '.,j[';Jj - " "1 - 1-" I-I" '1--. I' I- --I '1 ' l . . . :s .: 'r '.t _5 ~~eeco:_~o_:.L~C· __ OCf,acy [.~a[you. I. ~_ _: '. OUI: _-'_ ' ' - ~ J S OOU ,_try~ '-.1_ __

economic ~'fo:rm - ' · I 'H.d~"" , ; ;~sustaining ,8 ' ,S: :" , ·%: :p_~ •• ,_L,.. w~ are contalnlns th /fII,.. .....u " ,,L,",,. ,Ii,.. ,1 iJ . . . &11. '"" . ~"A.l.U ", .,' . ~'. '. .. OL UW U,I:, __~ c;y;,'Ij;o, VU'.~ 1,.;i;U_,. -""'"'0 '"

in8lation. rate'to,4 . .,5% , .D o thesewordshave,; m , y,meanin.g?,001 t h e Y ' O Q , r r e s , p o n d ,

. th-·· .;' "~I . ('.J_'.'''', .. , d'-j:!",," ~1_\_, ,~t_ ,. 'j .. " .. " .'T ' 'h " '~ '. . h e ~ -,-I't-o I .. e aspuan,ons O'f, QalUS an .. aw,wsls; ~ 'EO me' :nun,Qn.tles~ ,' . [S IS t ,e ,lSSllle'

,ti~ ~,p~..J1 ' 1 '0 . 'ad d ~ ~"""~ ~.I~!\-U., ... ~ ~I .. :..~~ ...

'W h en y.ou~ s a Y '"p ow e e topow,enesst', it is n o t a question, ofp h . i l a n m l o , p ' y. ,Dalitsare not here tobeg fo r p o w e rfrom, anybody'in this C 'O u n ,tr y ; ,,~t is ther'i.,.t'l fOf1 :nLI t and 'lake p -.ower: W h at' dovou meanD V ' ~cower'[0 pc : rwer l e s s l ! ' :>II, i6 .ul ~ [.' ,&1.1 ~ :. 11 1'::1. ,I. . [-:' .~ :.._: '" · .I i' ' ,. ,: " I," "~ _"I ;._:.: !'~L ,l':".~ -" I. ,,': t . .. ; .. ·. , " .":1 '. : f,"_I .. ~ .. _::.,. ::-.~ .. ,. :,', :••

De 'You want somebodyto g i . v, e 'power. to you? Do y o u expect: . s 4 ) m , e b o d ~ yto"h w m'- ":-~ '.. ' I ~---t' 'Yl·,~.'- .:" "1 ~ - ,"-1' and d_-:-ugh.--; .'".--:- ,.;-fth ,~ ,- ,, ', e :- - ', ~ "-"'1"-' , - 'Wl'-., ,,-,,-- -, ,,_Uis~~a.__,~,_ercyon you . .we are aJ.~, sonsan .' au~ . rers 0 . [ IS, oounuy.we are ,~rsh -.. .. " ('th o '. , . . 'W ;' ,h "'g b ' ~ " '.'rh '" , ',h_ ' - ' " - ' . ' - ', . ' - ' I ' . ' - " - , '.I- :. ', ' ' . :. ' . -r i .• 1 " ' 11' . ~.' ,.'. I '.,' [ "., .'. '.' I. - ' . .e C I,iI:~:ZC .illS'0,', ,_.IS CQ!l lDtry. , e ,;3~'e eYe,ry ,1:1:" I: to , .lV,'eIn. ' , IU; ,country w u 'eq -'-'~I~ d1 9 - :n ~'ro' w i ' ' ; h~orl-;;iiIo~ I f ' ,Ac i'i Iii' ' ' ' ' : ig~'h -t ~.t' d. .'e;F j I1 '~ I ' , p . d ''iiii.r.;i; haveI 'Le - ' ' -n '~ 'g :'h · - ' · '1 " 0 : - ' C : ;~ h t '"an- : -d]~. _ ,~"' =.r .. -~I";'[l "_" _'~~...:._ _J V ... _J;~.,..~.~~ ~: 1 ~-,y,~ 1 1 , : _.:'_l., ", ~ . . 'J " _ "J.,~, l~ ," .J. -~~ ... , . ,~.iA._ \.r. ! lr . 11 . . ~I I. :." [Jill.! t1 .- - [,i~,iI. .1,. ,"

'~ ,ef :our rights ' T-his . ,S- b e - ... ,iOU " ':l! '" 'L T h -I~' : '" w h ..."i- i., .. :L.. ... , .....j · · ,f · · ',g_ ~ __ ~ -'_. ___;_~...,.__ ,m u _ t ._ :_ I_ r___Ippro3 l~ , ~ .. 11,llS _ .ny, e L i [,_ 5 w J eqUCS[.JJll, 0

em aneina tic .,£ " ~ H··· · · · . .'i- '.. rh e . '.'1 ' . : . . :." -, ,, of " : ",.;, "... "," .-,of da li . ·_==~ =~c~pa'LOno~u3_ts, ~t ISn e quesnon o~empowennenro~oanrs,\Vhat 1 Sth e fU_ndamen.~challenget o d l a y ?T h e,challengei5 :how''to f i , g b ~ :

and w ,inpolitica l power~ ,D,aiiumus~:'win po,lhial,pOWfl~ This , i s ' 'wha tDr,Ambedkar ', m " ~ a n ' [bd'o~t;'I ? O " I ll ·. ~ n · ·0,1i' ·A m ' _ . ~b e d..l k a r · n " p u e r 'm"P<'iil'll[ a f e w 'p e o p l e~ , _ , .. _ [.~ _ !"" '! l_ " ~ ,_ . ~~~_l!lr. l~_l ![~g_ . ·_·1 l l !" "! !" "! .l _' . _' . l .!""!\r.! '"_!""'!l l!""!'. ~~,!I! ~ --' '__ ' ._ .r -'~~, . '_ '

b ,' . . '.~I< 'M ,"n;, ;. c_ . . , ~ ' "b .....,-.',-:,r. " M ·",' '1A .., _, " ,'h - ', -, ·, ~ , -,I-"'t." '--,'-- n 'Ih .ecolmlng '! l~,S~ a, U ::W .cC Dmln g, . '".l.J'1.;)i [, ,it ,~S'c;nOIll,6"~ !i W"a,5, =_01(' t ~e

\uJdll!rstand.~n,g of,D,~~Ambedw~ D r, ,Ambedbr wafi:t~d ~ wndamerna lrural - h a n 'I ;to

. .. . ."_ ... '.- I' ,", i' .",._ 'Istrue C '. "'.1 ge m our ~oc~,e~ty~

D r A m1: . . .~-;lL _.,. ....1!"'!Ii'i:" 0 ",n° '~IO:'C'eh ~c 1'n,~ ..: ~ I n ; C 1 ', "0 , 'legis',pc il" II"Ii O .I II'· iI" .-n11'.IIiiI~·· ','1:; H ' : "' _ _ :- : . .. ,onl "y'. 'I,,lL .. , . . . ~ fl'!II.OlI '.; _I,,.; . ,1: '_ , . ; , n _ ,_ ~ ,. ~ :. . ! l, ;J !I_~.l, .,u.:I. ~Iy;l.~,_,. ,:_,.;;, U .__ ' ... '--

__.n.. ~.J _.L·O U[-- t ·:II.. .;Ii'~I~n~ : h 'ila tio -- of'"L"!II ~ ~t - m-' II- - - -"d " .. ,}~ -.t .JIL - ~~ - - .t ' . - - -~, :a!O'.. ..n' ' ' ' ;"'~II'·. _II,' ' l iLC t . i ..1 1',0, '.", ~" ....; ,~ , . , ; , ;" ,c. ~, ; ,:IlC ,Sill;', 'E n a : 'W . C : ' ~ I " e sys'cm,must b e ,fu~ lg h ta nd d e m 'oH s hed .'The caste s truc ture,mUlSt 'b e demolished.' P e a ' t sh - ul d - b - th d 'th 'l h 'l w ·d ha al I''Re" ' " 'N ' '. ' th o.... e :"0,",' " ",,,,,,,•.I i \ i !I ," . ; i!I I .0,'1"..," '!'IiH' .', 'Q:'!I!!"'; "',,1' I ... ' ',' .. ' ~'" ,'. "1,1:,' I" " . I" ','n~' ,", ".',_ , p _ '_ . : ': ; .J __ , 1 . . ~ 'Il" '" _ _ ...,P _:n''I;;o~, ~,~ .. ' _' _- . .. .1 ,S _ 0 _ ~ •. Ye ~~, equ _ _I.. . . - ,0 ''0) . Je. , ~ h - · 'H ' b -" £._ d ' . .~.i ." , :IJ , . , . ."n,_'.',Issuei I.S : ,:O,w-.t~), wtn powe.r" ,:~:OWcan, w e ~.nng aIl:Uill._ametl'~ ~J.GiL~";: .in our

....... j.~,) 'P:" '- '""" ,1"' ""-iL.'. Ik~·~b · · · · · -c '..J -b1 '" '1 '~- :- :- ,~ ~, ." ,. ,~ '0 : , i- ,~· b · · ·- - ,"~4~1w ,- rd '~ ' - ::. -~ ...l:SOC~"~l~ "eop,e ,ulU ,a out : (5;L0lNU1'ZatU')n. ,n , i-.Sa . eaut_lUJ" 'Q~. ~ e v e , . , , } 'u-vuy~L,~'}-- nll:~:'"',~",,:II"'II;hod. ::', " ,,-, " iL . . . . .. .c-,~1 ,:'.,'. ~,·~·~·l-,Y:-il,,';, 1.,,::'·.,,: ",',_,;: "t'~" 'L.. ,rd ."" '_uUill~ ,iI,7I.oUaJI.,~ e ve Jll!U ' .Yc an , IX :U J m e,~,OO3ll. [,QU, a n ,m oV '1 ea cros sm,e DO" .en~But I'm:ust',po~;ru:our tha t it "is :only ca ,p lta l~ inre[,mn(uiaJ, ca:p~ta1jwhich , an

,MV;e:th is absol~re ilnd ,ependenc .e .T,his is 'wha tis demanded,fu f 'c 3 p l r a 1 i s m ' ~ ,. £ (Um ---:IUi~tt·.'i'iIi'!li'''~jf'II'n- •. ~JI oI"'\n,:m'0"I""I"'~l~;o;..,,;e,C'•. ~I ' r· t :"m ' . .:gf:r, . ., .m ·"'M : " : .'' c · ' ,D: · ·o , I '~ ;~l~, ''',0 : an ." , J . .O·'.d : N r ~'Th-'~ "':"',:",,-4~·o · -~I ~ '~ : : : ! ln~ , : ,~ ( I ]o 'n: . ;~ U a r · , I . B r ·~ ~ : ~ T h , n : v~~ : - [~~ n '0 " 'ii" '~ i" .i '!! 'I l" , ::; .; n-a ' ' t {~Un-.a t· • ' rbo .~ ._, rd ,":~ : ' I 'b~u ' ;'".111 . f i r. 11.3.T!\.., ,Gllidlr..... m D . _ I 1I"'-~"J"!Ii' ._'~ I,IIC£U I l ' . '- ,.. 7' '-'l I 'l • .t~t."-"""""'''J . _ .IIJW . _. I l li.o!il ,iiJ,. -, ll.l

the po or'p e ! l ) p l " e ' : ~ ,'rh.'e la'boure,rsc a n n o t : m , O V 1 e ; ,fabou.r canna~: .h :a ;,ve.that", dl d .~ '·~.1 h '.'Ul~pcn:~~enG~;oP~.y ,capn:a.,can ,1:JtVC tt.,

1""h"" 'h a "g Jbal 'I' .~ G 'I b~i'." .. '6 ":' - '0 "" ,,',r· .. ~:" 'I,:: ,',',-' -:.;"1"("-1' 1 .. > "ll: . ',' I' -:'~' ;',' -", . ,,_.:._ ... ,,' ·" - " i ,'- ,-I :.'.,.; ,' ..... ;~,.' ,",-,' (1'·,,!s !S _.,. t, < ,0 .. i'la tI .! l :!J0 means~ '.' ,,0 .. u.at[o.n means pro.. t~super pro, 11;"

it m --, ' c lo i - ,~ ,~~n· -. -I'C --,. - , · -1 ,~' , i , ._ .-:~~, , -n ~-,"-:",,~,-,,:, .;- ",:'., ·c .· , . ·h, : -. ·~7, .. ., ,1 ,_11 ,,£0' , ' ; , .-,,_ _ :_ _ ea n:sex,p~_;_,UU-QL'~~8upe;r~p (LmUO~~.,d, ,wso ,meansanOf.' er Sn~e ,.. :1 :

D""~;:'ts 'an'. · ·d : ~ 'm'l,ill'll~' 11'1! H 'd · .jlii!ii"! '!2~'nd,~th ' - ';i~.I·G·~nL~ 1; ; ' ] I '~ ' ' ' ion.hi\!llll!~IV'"r' -r~II! 'AI""~,:"".Jth :' ~(1u; . . cc i i i " ! l ; l I " i, . ii;UJ. ~. . ._ .~~, _l_ ~1Ii, y~,~.. ~'.J~~;I.. _ .. _1Ml-~ . _"_vU'W_~~_ .. ~.& ~ ~ _ V'l-, ~ _ YQJ:. .. ~ ,'~"_ v,,-,~

·f -..--.. ":.-- "'- ']'-- .JI:~~ 'F '" . . - ," - - -," ,", ' I ·Ib - '. ," . ~ .1.. . . b ~-l'I--dlL~ '..' 'h~O : _ 'castecsmU1 ,_UUla .. ~ve1"since !T,ow[zat.lon nas . cen ~ ..'.aooult .I n t_'];5

q)un'try~ 'OlSteismhas emerged as;a t ,grown.phenomenoJl~~t: ,is,bappeningw h I l. . . . ~ . ..J Ih ~..1 th" ~ll'jl' I' f M"-' . . J~==t S ~ (A l' 1 M S ')olr · ,- -:;~ja tuw _a,p,peDroat ... J:~' m __.hula, ldlStlmt-e: O'i:- ,.:eulUU "'clefices \;.....'.. '.,,. I" .

a o:a in st re se rv atio n ~Did i ! l ;not s ho w ' a n eo -c ast:,e ismm. .a th as leme~ in 'this0-' ,".. ','.',"".,.,...'.",. '",."." '.. :""--"--. c·." ., I." C'_""" .. _',. '< J .& " "" .. . . . . . . . . _ _ .._ _....---.- ) 'ID~'I" . ". '- 'h -' I!. .--t=. __~= ..J . !]- .. - ... - -- -~:t..-'~ -'!nh - T h - -_.;to -. - ' ta",n.-b·, c o u n t r y. :,ad,ts 0,1' r ;,e DaCK:WaItll, , c ~ a s s e . s~a 'w,elf' n6u:u" , ,. ·.e~ 1.8OIlS" U5"'~[

'~~.1n:u'them. 'Tb l l !V~1~Ale'thed a J i twomen n a J k e d -r : a . '~ 'them- '3 lf ld'bum them'--;0-' -'~,". : I. II ! ! ••• _i"~J ~i~,I~ ,I •.. ·0 •• -I •. ,1..0 '1 ',_ .. " \ ' J . "_,_: ,_ ,_ .J_ . .. . .; Ii . __ :' . 1r.""'Iiil ,".- ".-._"_ ;II ,.,.~ ," _'_'_._: ....._,1._,.:.)_,

,~i ' i :~ Tb .~ ' n;~, OR'i'" 'I'I-Po1'I'f':-'~ , , . , ,e,h ~' - u . -m l" . - : " i i f1 l i'L.':"Jn~: 'T~I;i'Ii!':jj~, ' l 'n·d-a-."vr~ 'I ' ' ' '~k-'',-,a : - b . ~ u · ' - I t_ _ ,,"'!ir-!i' . '_ '~J" ~.~ - ~~ ~.l'~RlilC(1 ~ . ' _. I" iI\~'1 l'K:~ILI1.O-'1i [ J ;~ = W !Iii. 1.1 j. .Ii_ ill w -~ ~ I _ , , .IX}.. . I

D, ~~, ..,1 1 .A " ', .: ; , -I' '~,---,-. ",.,. . ,"a~I"I, 1 ,V, l I~non If , & ] : l 1 p o w e r , m e n ! l 4 . .3




, S t O O Oyears o , f 'c ivH i ,1 . .~u ion~Thar is whu: evc'ry'body'E ldl !5:US - India I s a ,,great ' .nation which h a sth e c iv, i l iva-c ionof :;:,000yeatSold~: B u te ur s;st,e nand OUE

morhershere are paradednaked.'Wh.a;tis the c iv iliza tion tha t :we m i l k ,about?,S O l ~th e tim e'has now com e:;:itis aIll a question of r;,g lus:;,da l i rs :and adivasis must assert for their r. igh, '[Stoeconom lc em pow e rm ent, polirica l em pew e rrnene, cu~ nua1 em pow e rm ent -e m . p c r w e : r n u : R twhich i s ' acomprehensiveo n e ' .I t :hasto ,l e a d , t oe m a n c i p a t i o n .'We:must break,d,the' shack le s, Th is,~ sm edemandof m esituation. We m usttry to r e a d ,Ambedbr again and :again.. Ambedkar did not speak only oncastes; A m bedbr spoke one con om ic issu es",A tt ' l le ,cime'~;,t'w as the ,greatnessofA mbedb .r w ho spoke ons ev era l 'w i d emn,ging:economicissues,Amhedkars,Po,ke;a J O O U [s ta re socia lism ,U~; us not fo.rget that A mbedkar spo:keabou.tseatesociaJlism;be spoke about nationa liza tion, o f 'banks anda ll financialinstitutions, These were Ambedkar's views, W h y don'r orhers also readAmbeclkat'\s; '~hou,ghtlo n ,economicj $ S u ~ s ?It is very'easy ,[,0 oorn6ne,AnibedbF

1 d 'c,_'I" .. _'I 1--_j b h ~as; a caste .eat·er, ,[:,;veryoneeise is a natronar ~'CiWeI~~:ut w nen ,~t comes toAmhedka r he I 'D ' .~ .,~II d I 'H ' ' f" ~l_ '· .... L - 'iI' ..ll:I'~, o· e ,ISa, .;:,.uit seac,e r., ~e w as one 0' .'m e g , r. e : ~ n e s tgenIuses: :[[].a~ India

h a 's e v e r p ro d uc e d .But b e 'w a ss i i m p , ~ , ycalleda Dalirleader,If"h i s ~statue is , p i l U :Ulp". ;iio,i:..I!V'~"'V' 4 ,demolish: ; [~! ! !'deface h ; ( 'stataiIIi'" 'W h a ·'C ' is ,..iL, , 'LS 'at !Ii'"::IIi"Ii1i,.JI.:) 'liouI~. ,t!! Ull..,,; '~:J' U-I,;,..__ v' " -"I. : Ii . . ."""t~". ~ ~\.Q, .''!i.I ....' .. ~. = _ .. ,_ ~ U~. '.... !Y'!l.y..U-~., ,I~_

cannot t -oller,al teth e statue of A m b ed ka:obut l e a n ,you. to,lerat,ethe v ieYlSand.th.;i"i;u"""h....of'··'Am-·":-··b-:-~"'~~I""')Ifvon cannot te1-A~~ the thouahrs of A m ',~_.lL .... ,""~ _ _ ' 1; .1 '~U~ '~'." ,I ,~.~. I . U:, !Ii...G;:I,iIi , ." - L!.' "-'10, i1U••' !l . ,II..' 0 '. ~!ILl8.lllo1l'. ", '.' ~"

how 1""''''!I'i' y':n'~F h · ln 'w · .. .c o . .: 'm - - ', p , , " i ,e l i ! ~ · l' O F i'[0, ~'~[~J.:~and ~ " i \ d ' ~ ' l \ I " 1 : i [ " ~ ~ , : >' I ' :f~'1;l:-ll~ i["~~~nt' . . - .nu- - ; I :d ·~, J ,U 1i.rIiiI1I,1I, 1",_ ~'!I.WII ~ , u, .... I ," iIi\-liJiIili "1·10 ", . ~._.~]1Irili .ILI. _ -Ai, . ~,HQI~~II! . t ~ .~ u;~.... ~ !rII~"""-~'!r"~IJ' "II!rY _. _.

s n , Q W 'compassion 'ED da1its: and,a d i v, 3 ! S i s ~,a ,mothee and d aug 1ner cou~ &norh ave b een k iU e d. in K h airla nji,

If you. . h3 l . \ t , e 's e e n the phetograph o f the ,m,o ther'and daug'h:[er ' _'th e 'waythey have been , ld~led~,you w ould be asham edof llv,ingin fbh~country. ,Aft,C!:t

alll,~this: ;s ourcountry, 'Th~; is_why~_nowit is rhequ~t.ion,10 ' :£the rlghesofdallma n:-,d ad ;':r... i '~: ' l ' :"lIf:h~miust l'\~l'lv"£:;in~~Ctl!'" ..L1~"Jc'r'~n-1.I~. ' , , . r. r :a-~n,'I ''i :I "" 'i' V ~ ~: :'.,~ .. L ~:.q ' u e s d o n. , iIiI'."·~~,'J ~"-:,.. [~ .. I'~_'JJ .l~I~J.~,DJII Ul~ - &IW,IIWii 'W'll~, I J~l IU=~, U1.. ·l.,..... ~i~ .

o fre se rv ae on c om e s' u p~ ,i t :is na t : anissuere lated to compassien,ir is an issue,relaf~,'~Q rjg,hts~D,di"' must have aHi .[ ,mat ive:3Jmondone by th e govemme'fl'[~

Dalhs m us r ,tU .\fVe, r e s e r v " 3 J . d o , n ;ad~v;as~salso m u s t have reserv aticn , 'N ow '(beO ' B C sshoulda J s ohave :re se rv .a do ,n ." 'W ],. 'e n :[:SQY., th1'$:~hP,OI 'a s if f - e s e ~ r v 3 : d o n ,W 1~111solve ::~ ,~]'0 ";'I:IIi'" n~A,b}e-i'YjI;~'. B"~'". t 'I . '~:]w e :ac . , lh ; ; : · I ' ,PHe~1t1k,p, O··l~~F~V~' t joc'~m~· ·p ·Alo· · 'vi l¥l l~l ifI i , r_ I. , 1 iJ !v l a w .J • "',1, r ~,1i.J.!l I \.[I,i~ti I Y,,," _ l~_ I ~-"I _ •• ,' _: .... ~ ~1 ~I !!I r .~ 1 ' !1 r. . ,_ . .ll '-r. v I" ' ~ , .',1 .W .J IIHIr'~-!II.P"'J

and education fur al], 'WC~n e e da.~evel,pla:,ying,: G e l , d ~This is,where rhe need for'reservanon com es up ..

'WhenI , s aythis,resesv atio n is n oto ,n l.y tobe , l l Jpp l i ed ,to r e s e l Va J t t Q , n ,, in ,m e ,g o ve rn m ,e nt o nly ;,it.should atso a J P, p . ~ yto p riva te sector; 'Wben w e' demand

.' '. ~ il iL . ~ '.reserva rron Inpnv;ar;esecto r, so m e'peop,l,e argue,~nOW c an ,p n .y,a t- esector ,gtve

: r e s e r v ; ~ u j o . n ? 'N'aw~the''tlme ha s c - o m eand we should,demand :and,denne'W h a tth e :p riv ,~ u 'es e cto r ' I nIndiais ,I s there anydenn.hio.nf o , rpri.wt-eseceorln 'India?\Vhaiis priva te ' aboutth e p riv atesecto l '? 'They get land. freeof OO~t Of at a....heae price,Thev 'O"i~r. 'ift~'{-~~ra nd ....lecrric irv ~ro ·'~ .·In eh e ~~rv~J·[Ull~·',[ elrherc: ~~. '; '~If·:.....-~~-.r: ..~--~-~ = =-"':; ,D"'= "",~"",- -~- ~"'~'L~~_":I = ~---IL..... go . e~=~_," ,en ,el .. =e~ril.rce 0,

c o s t ' o r a t: c h ea p ~ '~r:,ict,.Th e n !' tnf"V' c la l m ,th~ a re p -~riv a re se c to r . W h a il: is :p- . r i ,v,a1 t -e,r -'11 "'/1, 1 I I

44




~ b o -c ' - .- ( , -- - -~1,,- - " '~' -.·C· - .- ~I -T'-h.ti '",', -' 'hl,.I' ... '." ,.' - h .Ii·, ; -, .,"-," . - d 'I," · " ,, ',ha ',. lit ,pnV:3.!te seeton ",'at , I S , W '1 'n'o'w, we .,.a - V ' ~In ,g o accor 109 [0 tneG i l n s t b u d O f l ' OW e h a v eto 'use(he Consdtudonalin s rru m e nr mdemand,roIJ ·,to

dec:, ----. -- - ~, " .. ',- -. ,., 'd " ,~ - ,- .. '. ' ',, ',-- '. ," '. - - ', - , " '" ,. . ,-< ., .L" ,~G"t

n n e ,prrv a t,esecrer an ; . ,p [i lv :a ,[ :(~seceorcannot s aY " n oreservaeioa nerearter .'If.necessary~,'m eParliament w, ~ n, b a r , Ye 'to , i n r e r v ; e _ n eand se e m a treservation Is~ 'I 00 ' '.'.. W(:"~,I-:' :·.~~.-··~,--:-l, "~'I: [-1-- '~.I-,--·.r r--~"··:. , ·-r._":~ ;1 '.> :1 ' .-.I ":.,Impiem!enl " .,In pr.iVa,te seclO[ . , o~

A h · b- ,. b ...= lk f ,]~,.,.==.1 d '0;; ' If- "'-'i,1t "erwtse, w :at I_Sl _1 '1&'l:il,'~ 0 :po rttcal .-: e m o c r aq !' r' you c an no t :..!,;;,~UL.ate

and. C'OIU[OI~ nrivaee sector, w h ere Is econom ~ c d em ocra ev'and · p . o H d c a J ,r f !WIJ ' '=

d - e m o c r a q i' Thesea re,~5SUe5 w:hkh,a re o o ns w d le re d ,e o'b eright~A sa Co,mmunist ' ,I - - - - - - '"" '-1 '[ - - - - - ""h-F -- . F ih -t -1 - -it.. · I .Jrt---- -- Ib - d ' " D -' ~ ".. . . - - -must re _ you 1!L~;:a~ n ow u a e s ;rug,e' SiIlOU a, n eeorn e '.roar en ·c · an!li.;, ISSUes[cannot'b eso: l l t iedonly'by'daJi ' r :o,rgani'z;altions~'W en e e d(-0 b . r o a d r e nthe stru~e

d th 'i d - _,i _.n" c: d a li d d i , . d ill:: : :"'t- h .oJ"a n n e :,I~, ani, natu~,i;Ua u ie s ) iu 'f 'r~[!; aD:' a c IV3SLS:i.Uit:e_~iln_ne]!"tl e toumg

masseso ,f o ur c o un tryA ' r 'the p o , H r ic a J l l,e v e 1 . ~defijnit~lf'th~communistsandle .hists aretheir natura lallies,This ', i s :w.h : -y ;m estr.lJg&emust assumea ~ro:ad,d ., ~~ 'D '~'I~ _H ., d .~II~ ,. f ' ...L U: !I ]emocranc uHIm.aer~"liLits, a w, V 3 l S ! S a n : ~ ,m ), s e c r i o n s0 tn e wo[ldng, c t a s s e smust w d u :'tog~m,cr" T he em andparlon ofdaU,a;I ies :tntile emancipation of~l_ .' __j....:~ :..!1 ~ ~~'(I.'II!: [en,OR wonungclass,

I d o I" I lO·;P' ~"",~i'd D,._ , .1 : ;~and ' o · · · · . -_ JL~_'T"L~,~~"",'1Le' "'_'i~h,- 'e,ilm' 1'no ~cmi~i1.,." . . - - : , ,~ l,.-u ,~.!,~,~, ~"'! '""r'Q .I-~~ ,_:.__ . a.tl~ ~,~ __ " "_w'-"'~~~1 n¥ I ,~,,,,,, W... U,,~, "". 0 _-_ ~,_I J~~ ~,~,l:UJ~urat,

class~evenacro,rdingto Dr, Ambedkar,'What:'ISth e differeneebetweencaste,and c l a s s ,as :W as; a g d c u 1 t u r a lworkersare ( :o n Q e rn e d :? 'W h a tis 'thed i f f e r e n c e :'t- ~~ -.-= =.c.JI_,~~:l - . C , C --. - - ,_.

d .,,;h ' ', 'c. .. -

1 -_II ". .... .' j . ')

'T t. . . " , ,~ , . . . . . . . .d '

,!Jc:lW1~n I~t w omen ,~, otner ,agn_cu_tUIlaiiwemenr .. n,eyare me same an, ,mat is 'wh .y,tbere , isa,demand:fo,[land . Yougiveland to agricuJruralwo.rkers,;y o u ,have a ll irriga rion ,P,[o jects,for th e lands, owned,by agr,ioil.turn),workers,These are 311,very m uch genuine :an,dj u s d f l e d ,demands .S o , ; :a 'i tth e p o : ~ l c i c a ] ,level, 'w e need3, 'broad based,democrat icmovem,e-"'[,~'3 b n : m d .based m ass

. --- -- - - --- - -- . - - - - £ " '-rward 'n '" ggl-:' t,' 1 , \ - ,-', .--:' ,', :".- .:. ' , I . ' • -I '·1 ' ! _ ' ' -. - ; 1 , ', I' I '1 - : ' .0 : _I I -_~,' _ ~ . _ " .,movem.:!n ,t toc :a rry . .'0. . . ., . r ,tS, ,stru '.' .'e~






and not on rhe lam of Mmu.~,s,Dharmshmt:ta ..: [11I G n h a n a ; ,1 60 n nU :5 eS 1wer tr e d u c e d 'it-.li"'li,as ' ."~! ... ~A.. O S :" K I" ' I i '~~ :h 'n a n to l~ ' U ·i I:: ' , ' W '- '; iI Ii ;Ii7'1 iV ~ .~'c!~:II1i n'd!,C ! 'V ' C ' '' ~ m . · ,~,€.'.I~~ __,... ~'_ .:.~ .. I~I~~ J"l:Ii 1]-" .• , l _llIl~l, . iI\ 1 !I'V.u. _~, . '\i! I :IQ . _~ g ~fU lid. -"11~ ~'\ iI . .. . vI

oon.sd,w.tiOl1airightS and,.~awss u ' p p o m . f i : g :them, ,on : l . -yimplem en.tati0 1 1 .of thesame in acenerere'waycou ld 'ensu rem e ':seeuOty ,ofDat ; , t s~D,ditwo,men,are[~t- :n"n- . . , . . ._J'an;d l - I ' - ' P - '-d[ ' -~=: t "7"" - -il~:~nO' ~_,,~il,.. d aod n o " '. .. .t:.....n ';c ; ....,..i_1If i T h'110 c··· ·:il. .:-~'!iII'-'r)~'- : ~ ,"g." C. UCillh.", 1~-J." 'iI!D .ru~h •._ 'p;.J.,Ii, . Q "",,II:-.Ii\,;l' ,: ~ ~ " " 'I ;~ , '_ '"."uu..a

Minisre.r of MahuashJtra,: f o u n d ,time to listen to dtei'Fplight :atte.r 4·1da~. ,W h ~n C h ief ,M inistend o not have't im e , tnsh are th eir prob Jem s;it i m p t i J e s' that rh e varieus sections 'of th e societydon,'t get: equal treatment, .If theirdeprivation is:not un d,emood,then ' m e r ei_s;some serious ' det.lcienrv ' In the, ' .~

system;;After 'Saba . SahebAmbedkar~dutin,g lase 50y e a r s ' ~ ,,I f e e l'there is a,d e c u n ein ~, andc u 1 - r u n dm o v e m e n t s ,W en e e d ltO'make tM,t· v. i _ g o u r 'alive!.9104 Thedecline in . such movements has led,tlu,' c r u e : l ,caste ~rem in 'm e,t""n..,.'_" ' n . : , n .- _ _' " fW 'm ,-:_ ' •p--~~ ~ :I ~i f 'I i ,d, . . . .nntin ' 1 .1"1.~ ,e · : ';1 '"1 'n .... .1 . ' .~ .,- 'V "'1'Le.. ·leeidm..."ltlit-'e·..·. . . . =1~1 , , ' , f !~ .t:A...': '- , ,JL;~~·~f!A,· .. ,'~'l·:n"o·!YY~'~~J. 'Ii.-V I . licya:g ~~" ~~~IIi:' .~y I~V. urI I}" t.J J J .. ~ . .~f .. '~L .RII.l. ~~I~~!~ ~L~ U -l r 'I r. 'UC"'!I!ir~~~·~~-n

and lack ofrepentance even,atfi~r usurp,ingthe -6mdamenta J. righ'Es of 'a .,c.ert1j 'n ,

oo,mm.l1n.i:ty~The eircumstances PUil: ':a11of us on. 'Frlat Some peopleare

anaddingDalltsand.Muslimsand trying to divide 'us s im,mtaneausly ..W ehave~·lbe """':~p~~~.~. 0 . .£; 'IG . ' ·~.;I"Ij,'lL~:-ia-·'T h. . · ; :,~" l lS- i 't " h ,'e, ' B , ,_ _Lm'.·n : i__1 ~ d ~~i~ ·W ,• . '~ i ch ' . ' ; " " ,b e n t U-<po.•...•nUl. ~-.'Ii,_ ~~ .. ~ . . VtlliUl II . ~ _..~ I . _. i I _ rail. I I __ lll._Ii,t.G! I.. .~IJ--·,OI . II1_ 1'-r. I ,I_~ ID~\ I !I . . . ~ . . .

nOl' i m p i . e . m e . n d n g :m e' C onseinnion :a nd ,m e' rule of law ;They are 'trying:toensure thar 'we do not 'gerOUf' shere of th e country:~sresources, It is it

~

connnuous pl~;,I n .: a J1the: _previousnve y e a r 'plans, th .e':f ig ure s o fth e aJloa;~ii.ont-o W .e

€'~l~~ comp ~ ~" n - l ~ i'] Ii ·i Ii "P 11"'Ii'i"IIC:~'r 'r\7·1 ; 'iI ': -.'! ' : '"re '1',......rtli i!"11' ~I~l"'l': .i"iI;'r¥I,ry,1 il'rll"t·711~O••"".....te d ;>J [i~!;J. ,r.~ -~1U 1 ~ , V "~"lll~ :, ~~& HJI, Lrd.l.l!W li:l ' a IIir. ~ '-do . _ _III-lOt+' Jl ~-1l_~ RoII.,IUIYJ,1 all.~. IIir . ~

P C F 'm .yestim a tes, equ aJ to,48..0'00 crores and has not been spent on D a U r sand.has hen·ee, obsttua~. their d c v ; e i o , p l l 1 ! e r n ~ ,It is ~b.ugea m o u n tand Eam,ttt' i,~L] .. ,11"0 ' -underseandI " ,~I!..,~~,'. rh ,~,t .~~,-, c- U~"'~Ji ~""'"p,J~='II~,~ ~,t· L",~, ~n'" .b.....tIi;W-li,LiIU..... '-" . lI;;I.uur~L,~_Ii_ ..." wny W, t u I. V{a:5 au.~"cu. ,1,'0,., UaJiI.~,j; ,h : . ,, u , 1 R 0 1 !iIlUiL, "",-",-,U,

spent. T he am ount inFact,has,been rem rned to th e :gp¥em~menttreasu.~T·"~h· ' 1 .. h ~ ~ h l.. 'h ' ~ II t:.'.,1C e ,~,mpl,emefi .l i.n .g autn ILlnties~" rne uurea ucrars W · - 0 are ma,i ",IY' rrcm

d b ;"L.~ ,i ~d- II ,i h e, d £ iupper castes an su .. sen ne to casceist 1 , _ _eo _ , o g ~ e s :stop mese runds rrom.reachi.n,G:US'" ca usin.g aSi tua l t1 \o l f tw.h en: no ,road s" noelectrici,tyand,not evendrinldng'wa '_t :e_rhis re ach . up 'W Ida1 i , tcolonies.The condIt ion of th e ,M' ,us1! ims:.. Iii ...,. __

,g;,smuw~T he ra tio ofeducated.childrenbelon,gin,gto dal~t familiesis declinmg·,day

'~F .J,:"V:' 'I' .. ..ss :--1r;":'"'", ' ~o '~ ~nercen [-'o,:f"~~'"'" '~"l: ' i17W O ~ , - ~~m en ,Qj~" '"" ' " : '4"1: ie" '< ' i - : - - : , " -~0 .'>ne-_ . .. .. .. .,'" ~n-~r~'r-'· f r c : - : Q crn -IUl lUll ~ 1LC5.1. U_UlI'I~ JL" . r··-..J·--I I", ,u.a.I J I I : . . . . . ," ' _!ir.&ll CIIrIl'" C'UIY,"-G~ . ," Illli. ~: • .I_' .11t: J' ," _ ~ J

'tbis that even after' 60 years of independence, ' the; -uplinm,'ent of thedhadvant3 ,gedh a s b e e n laddng~ '7 5· ,80p e r c e n tpeople am ong st us are, L t n d li loo; jk__ '0 '. ' . .;, '" h·' . - T h' ~ - -ie ss 9 W re :. r s , .I, · . · . ·neca.n.J I U S t ", I . m a , g _ ~ ' o et te t r e c o n o m i cstatus. n e resources

availahle'with.them to'bring U ,Ptheir ' cldldlien,M'e m'eager~,All thisneeds:havei t " - . i ( ' iob e ~n:n 'L"td '~~:4 .00: :- : ' : -Ilil@- " . - ' u · ~ I -v a n -- -d rh,iI!!!n - :~. ;a .'l" iI i" r- :~ , '[~ ' ,. ..: ' L O ~u ld ~ ~ • •d ~ ~I-d, '~-~ D 'I P - _ :.-0 :,1 " ~t.rU !~ ~-'U'-;&~Ii II;. I f:U1 . .1~IL.rL ,Y'~-:I - , ~I,I, DI,~ ra!ll. ~ . , _ . - o . ;~I](.. , IlK: . ~'!Ii.,:aI j" .I=I~

We: a re aw are of' m e 's iwadon.:ahet du::Second 'W o'rJdW ara n d know w hereEuropesand'i : nowa nd w h erew estand~oday~W eall.k now 'w n o a re( e spo-ns - i Jb le1 : : ... ~ ' I 'C '~.Ib . • ~ L. fo · ~ d l'h '1-.== e:ro r :U: . ,,i' m e 'e a s e esys ; " t ! emc o n r i n u e s1.0 toe: ;-- ' --rma s it IS:now'a a c , ,,;a s D < X n, r i J rlast3000yean, wen the dreamof B aD a Sa heb A m bed ka r'wil l .remain amere,Chea .mA,ttociticsa g a i n s t ,'w om an arc:gill a n , ,in . cr e a 5 et ~ere have been ·casa;o f

4 7






13

Ramdas Ath · 8 · ·· .W : ' ,' li I1II .·e . · · · . ·~1 ••• l _ _. ill.

'The arehitect o f Indian Ccnsrirutien \~~,S B , a b a ,Sah[eh ,Am,bed,ka , ! , " ' "aConstirurion o:fa country w,h ich h ascompleted 60 y,ear.sas an independentnation, T heissue of m e r i t ariseso : f t [ e n : ~but.th e m[c;~~tis a t its highest-le ve l ; ndallrs as, Baba Saheb ,Ambedlbrwrote {he:eenstitution ,and,Valmikiwroteth e , R . a m a : y a n ; 3 J ~1£,such grieattexts have 'beenwritten by 'u s!'w,nyd oes th e issue'of merit in d a U u rise again and again~T he curse at th e caste.s1:s:t[~m5:t~U,pet5ISts.I 'want to rell th e Hindus that the present caste system, isbased 0.0

binh o f a , p e,[$ o n'w h i 1c h , is,a.g~nst th e ,6und,a,mentalsof HIn du , reHgion,~

Brahrninicali d o o ~ o g i 5 t sare:m,euf(ue enemies:of the Hindu., r e H . g i. o n .. O l Ufightis :,againstth~se'W h o believe in rhe£ourfoJd,varna-caste ,system 'based0.0 birrh.T h is; is'{hereason w,hv B ab a Sah ehAmbedkar em bra ced 'B ud dh ism ..He d id- - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --

, S O ,because he believed '[ha rth e bmnmln.ical,order isnot going'(.0 change ,'W e 'will :fo llowthe p~uhshown b y 'Buddhu ,Let others , g ' P Irheir o w n .V J a y ~Our'path will leadus to w elfare and th ose-fru U c rw In g H indu dlJarmaw i l lultima,t,e'~y[meet with catastrophes, B ut they'are u . n a , b l e '[0 understand,I have~lU:g~ c h e r n ,""0 ' .•eradl....",,.,;::> the caste svstem ~]:I"!i!'~' and .~I""n 1 0 _ ; ~ n1.'1"'_, 'Th- ' [ lo!!O[p~~n~"'~~ ~~I"'r'P:0 ' f ' :"i.. ., ., _L,,,,, [t '" ~ _ . ., J . .." U,L n,I,"I~ ,~ 11 : ' 1 :,iI. "lh .. ,,,,, I . ii, ,,!I;oL:!). , ,'I;,.,. " . ..... L_, , lilaC''!;,." .,U• . 'u .. . U"

Scheduled c a s / r e s ;in 'p o ,p u '~ a :[ ~G n is 1 :6 ,. :2 ,% b u ~: th e ,r e se ,rv a do n ,[qUOta g iv 'e n I ~ Ot h e m jiu s t ~5%,;S o, th ereservation qnota,s h o u l d .be'w, n c ~ e a s e d " ,S b n H 3 J r ~ Y J [d]cadivaslshave 8 . 2 percent share inth e c ou ntry' spopularion $.0 theh~ quota ,should h ~'n.r~- -.J -~~ ~ .J i" -'I - J: '--f i"~ ~- iR - 'm -m ~ '~ -~ - .ii'i - d ] ~ ! " [ l. ,. . . .hep","",

~ _:'y._,,- _' e mcreasea a,vcun.!llUl.lS ..y. . , 'US:I",~u::e'_a~a~rl_s~~na,!!,~~auai ~'I~,tnas neenappoinred Chief Justice of' India, ' G : a n d h . i ji had, a ,dream that one: [~ . l ayIndiaw ill have:3 "dalit Prime Minister bur w e d,on;t mow wh,en.th is d rea mw iHcome erue,

If we, the druhsj;adlvasls and M:us1ims all come tog',ether; ow coEkcti 'Y"csrrength w lU be 24-.:25·%,:inaddition eo th e :1$-14:%of d ie ,M:'lJsH:ms~: M ; ~ ' I i S H m . s

d Dal i t, .,;, ld C o 40'% ' T h , ~h Ill L- ~..Jan "~.atlts, togthwet 'WOii.,u ,...account tor~,".:~,., - ",'e pa :£ i lyWJl!:I('_,~Wl lJC s~,ppo,nw,by 'chis 40% -'winbe th e par~ ~,npower, ,M usH m s h aved e l m : a n d e d ,fu r l O % ,

'. ~ ~ ·o'D 'I'" d " . . d - M " ~ " h ld+ ~ '1-" '- Ir--9.0r·y.;..IIIIi[-]ArII tt, 11.i-"ii····e .. " til,],," 3. ' - '~i'lilPr."Ii~rte ;iIIIIn" . usumss A[lilll"- t~'n·~I[.~ 111[1'[-'l r t11P.C " ~ r - u ~ Q . ~ l~,~, ._~. ,;,u,I,il, I,!;~L to _ .: i !~ , _~", ._ , i I~,t .. _,IJ1'·,~iIi,j; d,::, '__" ..: _ . : I i I, II ,, ' ,oJ;: , !IU[!;:!, j _ _' LOI i ,,.~!.'!I!e "'" _ '.~,;j; ,a,!;,._ ~_,lL;

and proceed t.og ~~ ~h erto a ch ie ve th eirgoals:.To b e p rec ise "' ( h e 'problem of daH tsa n d tbe~r'reservatione:ds~sbur a

b a s i c ,d em and shouldb e :,for'reseevarion, fO ' f(he possess iono f la n d "There :is

D~]~t Minoritv Em p..·owermen {, . . - .I ." ll' "_ "L$ • ",'" '" _ "

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alsoa problem ,ofbadd~'.'Giveus2 1 5 %of-we ,land(i,ih,erNi&ewe willhave ro~ d ,." d will" ' ;W ,., tel take 5 ' 0 % ' 'f'th l a n d. . . .M ,1i: '* ';( iiIn ln~~v ~~:.'!iu1' ffi il1i'Il'O' ,;'i '';'i , ," i jjma~, v-; : -, " "" ,0 :: ," '; ,,~ '- , """

~lIr.CI.Il I I I r.~I:IL - D tllal .."..!La.L!Ii.I..II_&a CI.I.Ii I . - . - 'T . - - I .. ..,. - ~ I - - -II!

There ,llouldb ea,Q o m b . i n , e d _-cfiO rt for upliftm m t of-da l i ' r. s ' , tsocia1ty'a n d~..J ,,! - ,..._'~.,,c u u c a t t O n a J . 1 Y ·

50 'n,_l:!ij'_ M " ,i n o e l t v Em:-~r'm,'-',"IIj'II'[-'LTdU~, .:.._'"_.. _.I;[LU~,.~:.7 ,.. ,._I r· ·."'· __ d I = '__IU •.






52












1 7 '

M··. Prab ,h i' a : 'v · . ' · · ·aC". t i - ·_ • C I -_ ,.·_ ·: _ . _ - _ '

Freedom,from 'nn,v1en;t:r)fr«dam ,fromilli,ter:l!nl'~,&,~~do.m,from violence, should,r...... 1& ";1,: ·--;1"

L = I A -'b ...'L . '" ,' f ' ; ; 'l ;; f '. 1 1 ''Il.._IUC our SilOgan~:- ou t: m e,Issue;a;,Imp, ementanon or :reserva:ilO(n~1 na ve som eC'u~:r~o·'~~ n -~jII~t~nl:' in alld ecision- ......- ' i-ino:bodies sho~~ be I':"".t~_ not~~.,..;;,.~, n~ .. ~r.1I"'~~Q' y~~' '~,. _..-_:'",~ v~' U~ ';0 U U 'Y-I!' '~ .' ~ ~ ~1 - U,_" ~:II' ._.... _

nlvi I 1 - '. . . . to. 1 -" ..-- ~fi '~ d - b _1 __- '. all- 'd ' '. . '0__ '1 m em p .o ym e ntt . n , O to n _ y10, me',po,i'li~,•. Je ,~ : :_ ,~~ut also, in, _" ,"_CQSion-

maldngprocesses,R -, '" ~ h- ld a l 'f ) th T-:-'h ' l.' . -:.' . . ' I" -. " . [" ",-' .. '. I I '. '. - -.' .[ 'I - I ' ," ,'. ::. " ..... [ ' '.' I" ". ".. " ","'". .."."". -.".• " _"'_ .I, eservauon lD, power secser 5 _ O'U- '. . I-SO ae .ere. "cr:e are some

nom lnadens inGovernment bur there Is noreservation. l asked a jo,jJn .tSecretary ,oftbeGovemmen,t ',ofIndia, _,w hyis 'there:,hardlyany repeesentations:&omd a l J i u ?'H e replied 'tha t there is no reserva tion: £0 ,1 'd a lits, T h isis an.. ~ h ,'. ,'" -, ':', ' .'. ",-, _ ' _ . "',- '1 -. "1 :."- - ,c,·.'.:,: ·c ',".' :'·."c .. ' · - I' - .-:,'.,' '-,,:, .; 1,'-" "-r; ' ":f-' ~ 'n ".,~,m,p0,[ tant P(l,t nt as Vi, aerever ,g~)ive[n.men1. no minanons are present,

t.. "1 -" '1 .. h 'Id -'b - '. ' w h - ~ ....L.L I -d - b - '. ~_..l_ 'Th - ''Co.m,plllll5o,n_ f , mere is "QUl" ,ne re se rv a no n, . , ',:,icn snou ',' ;aemamtamea, , ,I , 'esec-o,nd,point is a bout ,govemmefl't planning:and budget,: 3 1 U o c a ; c l o n , ~whkh is'm r 'm e 'welfareof th e da'~j:ts~ In ,a UrcspecuJ ' r h , e r eshould b e :a sp ec ia l'budgetaU ocadon forthis; 'p '"ureose and in p:lanning also-,it sho~d be there Inth e• • . - I • _. - ,~' ",r-' ':Ii .... I. 1,·1._- 1 .1 _.: __ , .,,. ." •• f • _ •••• ,1 ... ,. I. • ••

Planning·.Commission,daliu:should be,g ' .+ven,rep- ' ; , [e5C'n: ta t io ,n ,:ad~ua'te't~,Th,~ nex t. poh lt,b ~dt~:'welfareof eoo,nom,icaUy'weaker~~ion_;~ ':Fo . r.

,">',;,--"~'-'~' I""-"'''W,-,,'''I-' "'- '-'.'~., ,- I I ' ,," :~ ', : :- ..' . J ibud : - i i i ' should b;··,,_,,],~,e co :n o n u c tm " po _ _e rm ,e n l ,~[ue ,p,~aJlnlngaou __0", , g :e " "S c U o u ~. ., . , epfope ~yr e p m s c n t a ' n i v eT h e , R m e _ l V 3 ! t I o n ,Imp-~,~m,cn~a;r ; ,on,Commktee s'~ould, 'b e'm ,e re ;I ~=si I1 ;Pp 'e . · , j j ! : [ - , 't--:iL ii,~,t; '-:I - ~ ' ~ m -' . . ,0· · · .c o nsid "- ' r 'eha -i" w~; s h - IO'~ilJld'-,i:.-I:l 'li ' 'v' ' ' :' 1 - '' i"" . .. .s e r v a r i e nU ua ~ D,I~ 1£0,[ U 1.. ~.. '-'U. .1 .. c lIP.. 1 _.ll.. .. !\r. . 1... " 1 . 11 . . n. _ \.I . _. lru;. 1 I iw . .iAi '-,I ....

~ I 1 ion C o " ...'L '" ,__ ,i i l ,_i d ll ..t, 'S ' I 1 '"'mm piem enranon : .ornm mee atm e nanonar ,U ' : 'V-c.aano at Ul',C: -late, 'e Y C '_'W ,L .

GOVlefnm,en.tnomineesw,im it d . a 1 . i t,~'pre&er1'Cativ,e,.. I :r-should,be :,[ikea ,slaturo,ry'b.J t . , . . . . c,. - - -,_L - uld 1,..- "', - -- , -" - , --, '" -,_H - - -" , , · .1 -!J'VUlj' powe.n,sno .".' IX pven. powersacco.rUJ!n!TY~

Dalits do not get. reservation 1 0 lemployment: ,in India, In the: technical, p ,j :d ' . ..~~oe"",,_ 'h ·'~I~_.nly'f"NI!'nn 1 -",,:," ! i ' i I " < J I o o:~i;ln'p' ! f ' j I I jo~"" ' - "" '~ ,o 'nS -o : -~!I;~iIII, ~'bO~'·il~ , , , ; ' ' - : : i ,_k·o'·f·'· "";'iI'Ii

~ .., ~)I!p'll iLIIl!J¥, I :it.lUl.:: r'·"!P.~'rlC ~,!I!.-I D'''!P..!'~' ':0 ~~_'!lrll!r.l'~' "'@t~< ~_, ill Ii·, -;I! . YY.' !I !P.I ~ ', I. UlU ~1i~,I· .:... d;.iI,.,

_I . i.i . . . .. "...... ~jl , J_- .J. . 'G " · ' - - . .. . ,. . '"1 -' -, ' . - - d :.b s3llItematl.Ye, not o'ecelSaJ",u.y w:,pen~,o.n '! .: ovemment e , m , p ,oy.men,t 'an, J IOSir;

,AJ,ter,na'dvely~I feel,d . aU r.s ,should en ter]Dro tb e ' A ,e 1dofcemmerce' a ndbus iness ,U--H.~_~f!' 'W ' . _ ,t r a d e , d..·'0 ' - r -. n ,m · . . " .· ·m · . .. .. .. .. .. _ . ,a n ·- -d ·-I ~ iIIll~~H,_,~_ 'tl' .., ~I"ii' ""r"O' ," 'r t 's u c c e e d C " - . W ·iI!~"!!!l.J~1 '_ ~ 1Ii.= _ ... _~,. __ ..... ~_:_~ ~~~ .~,_: .. _.,U~~,Il~~, "~ ~,~, ~~''':''' _ ~l ... '_~_~._:_.,!! ~!II .... ~

shQuld do rha ;t ~ evenIn . 'Goverm.mJ t :ut ,con.tracrsand ,consulrancles J rh ,e'1 se rv a rlon sh ..-.--,-~l',JI b e " ~ ,,,,:,- ,.. E"""" ' I" ' , id . '1 '· ', ,·~,,,,,.--·,C". ':-," ·Jl.·......;,ld· " _....,. ',-'",,:'·,'-1'--'·n::sc:tvaUOfi,,$ " Ou'LU. "C g,l,vert •. 'len .3! 1 1 , womell S.uOU... ' get pro,perFe:pRSe.nta'£ion~noto . n lythe dal1tmen, Abou.t ,agrlcg.'tUl',e'po lh .:~ y~Isl!.lgg~t

h e _L __ t~ It ld ...L'I·h 1 I b d a l -tat: most 0;[- m e Sm:aJil :;- '0: ... ers a re~.aJ1ts;t: e ,.ricum re: lab ourers ar-e'O", <lits,

Dali 'M i- ," '.'E ',I •..,' 'o t~:I '.<:nonty , ,~m,:poYlC[,mcn't

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~.

58'_.'.. [...

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20

B a b aS a hib A m b e da . . l !m tW,[O'[iC' such a ,, i m p o r. r a t 1 tConstiturlonbut Out l e a d e r sh ave notyet[b een su ccessfu l inKrio,us~yimplemen1ting the:same,Food,s:heJ!,tericlo...1 l.ins , hum"'"H r iz h ..· ,p ;dri nl-'~'nC' "!!- ••[' r u _ _'1em -p- ' I n v m -''-'I!'II'P' ' - '1U "! i; 'm i!l in-_..I .... eatien~Ul;~~~~ " , _ ~ _ '~~"~ , I i~ ~ ~ ~ , ~ ":-~,~~~KJl:._,-t)'"~"~-,,t:__.~.~ ~'~~'~I' . ' \_~l~~~~-~~~:I!' "'~:_ _ _:~_:_.~ ~~_.:_IU_:_t.

'these thin,p ':na 'vetoob e .very ,scdousIy In tcgra '~odin .'me!:f i f t oen" ,po : in , t,mJrmul;.,Though e v e : r y l l n e 'b as' a clea rcoaseience' anagood,in tentions , andn a sw o , r k e d .L_ ~ _ . JIl 'b iL ~'Ib ~ d =,~~ ·'~L, s 'C " ~ ,~1 e,.,n a m e u e ~ .'.eyuavc~so manyo U le r . ', is su ,e s 'to ,-e a l lw.tu'l,.',o,m,e K. l l : ; . . , - i n{e_ re s~g r o u p sn e e d tl '1I!'Ii;' P " [ I i" ' J I 'p,~,p;" t~ bu ' I i i ' i""~.~ ili'*n"Ii;~:~ .",~~..:I' [n O-:"I~, .... ~m;,"nni""o1il-t-,- m a r te r s ,, ,,""'!I; '!I.V ,_ 'U'!!. "_ iI:,~gi:!l'liol.:I, 'IW ,_ , I I : . , Ul_. . .,1,~:LlQ.I,:LI, ~1,1;~,eFU' ,I..U, m~"',!1 'J: '!i"",:I. " iI :LI!.:II, , al l, . ,. . . .. . ,.;;t.

W a .m ,e n, n ee d ,p ow e r;

m e y 'need a ,~eading' torch,,mth e f O l m l ,of education.,I,

want to makei t :, c 1 I e a r 'miht w o m e nd o not d em ande d u c a t i o n'to , n a r y ea controlover m,en;; mqt demand, it' so' mat: ' t h e y 'could teach theIr.'chUdren 'weU andmake the ,country' ~pro,gress~Once Nap-oleon ,said thae you give m e greatm o t h c r s ~J w ou ld g iv eyou. :ag re a '[ n a t io n , W ewanE,W I'w o m e n .to , p r - o , g r e s sInour ooun lry~

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'; 'h - , " - ' ' ': 'IbL ," 'I IL ." , ,- " -r i '.'" --d : " ,,_l--~ 11;", : -il-I th e ",--,Ib - - ,": - ' - , ' :- ' ",,' .."1 ",' -':', ' ,d-tnese P,1l0 c iems, " nave me ' to 3![J{J,IIS:n. t. e g.apet\Vecn mmonnes ,an_,m:Q,i'n~'~",,-,~,'I ' ~· 1l S' _- " iP ined :r:0f 'I0" 'h , ~ :0 0 '- --nnrm,A'I'lI' m . . . .n '[wa,- ; ;V ']ill ~ ,..:~ ...: lo a i r ' I iI!' . o : , - ' f ~ - ~ ' I ~ Ipo.' 0 ' , . .I ', ne - : -~y : - ', a:)I!""'...:U.II,....ol!, ,l 1Il.,,",";I,.. l"IV!Il.. 0 I;;' .,., 1!;..I,oI.:II", III:.,~ , .1" ",,'U Uh.. UQU-ilI. ,au,,_ ... ". CC'U'.

d c. . . .~ 'i f d· 'd- -M ...'L.·' ,. th - ,. Th - ,.an :£ium'CfS,. I . 'I . '" W ~ ,ill I S In '_,C :capaaty 'as :3,trustee, I -~ ' e y 'saypoverty 1S;I.. JL " f - ' ' " ~ ..:L . . _ i . . _ ~ ~ ~ I I ~ ~ _ _ J · 'h - '·i'ill . ._ _ _ .L ~ _ L . ,cnme, .I UK,I ' eovertvIS ' ,I crrm e tn en tn ese\ro CilIleQ. :[ 1C : 'W ' lll! .i ,take U]~lr' monev

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'to d Ie h ea :ve nw,irhth em , A ll ciriz enso .fIndia,should he g iv en th eirdg'bm~:0 ,"""1t'''" d. e ·m l" U " 'r "(" "lT " I" 1 ;u ~ rfreed om '0':--iii" secula . ..ism:h a s nOil! been fullv achieved:th :;'i. '"y_,I" ', __ ' __ """""'_g'.... :lj, 'V, ,I il,l't:i!;.l, __ ~_~ .,u.~,~ ,iI; ..wJYJ.; )=~ ,"~o ~ ,, ___: : . I ! I . ,U-~,~, .. _ y . _ ''" 'c " . .. .." II ;;( JI .. ;,_ , , , ,~ ,

will net b e a tta in edtinw e are noteoina '0 0 w ork for eoor In dem ocracv w e.~ - 1.1 .•• _ .••.•• ,. -_. •• - • . i t : ii ""b l .," .... _,[. .. r '' !I . I' '' . .~t! ~, . . 1 •• '~ '" ··-~ I ..

have given eveqon,e th e: ,r,ig ht 'tovote, Biut ,how' ,many,peo'ple'~c;x:c;eptfewcerporatehouses, ,ha,ve'been. empowered 'by economic development, Those

'= - _" ~

w h oare Incapable, are handicapped , w hat about th ,em :?It Is th e duty'of ~he~ kaft th d . th .cod d h l 'I.. -- r.n - - n .. I-- -' - f -,I - m -- . t .'"' --...--- ------ If - -' - -- - - - . - -- -gove_,~~me'b,_i[( ,0 ' soos ~__er _ ~ e _ : ~ _,a:n~ _0 glve~,_em proper rooe an, s n e u e r ...,D

m'.yministry, I made a plan,called, '~Nimdh ar¥ o : J n at '.' This y 1 0 jna w as:£0,[thosewho lacked ."f_'::'~·iF. I, ",'-., ",',-' "d o : ,- ', . ' " , 'ableofearnine .. _J .... , ,[:.,:, .• ," 'cwno . ac .cu ,any K 111 u .0. . support ,an..w ere .ln ca pa ..ue 0,. eamlinJ,ga ,I;l,ece;ntJ,v.lng1i

so I ,~ ve' th em amonthly-pensien :&-0 :01th e b ' O v e F J l m n e O tso th atthey c an lea d ,, '-h ,. .]i'£ " " .. . . .·h ' ] ,"T h - '" '. . , - ' . 't , : • •• • . ' "il. ,. 'IL .."" ~ ' '" th e ~ 'b ' ":f ':. :h ' ,t ,le Ir ,sre smoot l.y .. , ,.le y can overcome rneir ,lliUnge,r. d w as rne )0 " 0,', t. e

gtW~rnm~nt- S OW~ d id ir'-A nd th ose 'w h ohave a b ilirv tobecome c:3J 'palbleb'1'_." '_\·.·~J:.....oJ,·_. o_:...:,!!, ' __ " _", _ .. ~.-_<. . : . . .~ .: _" "" ': II !! - ', .j...:........ _:... :. __._:_._ .... _,._.,_._" _"_"': ._:. --,_:- .~-"!!! !:}. "_._. ' __. .: .~,::",---,~,:", .. .. .: : ._ -,1 .- .. _ - _ .. ,_ . '_ ;_ ';'

w o rk i ng ha rd,'w e starred a , se~f~c1:epend en'Y ' ,Pian fa r' dle:m ir , is :called' ~ S ' :val b 1 4 ':: -' ,. "-_:. ' r.1' !J '~ ....-~~: , " ," j I .... ~.: ·I-·:·,~.I·I:(.'. _\Va _ _3J1ll, an ~ oln3 ! "'

u S ' ~!I -b 'H' -~'f '"d d It -,~ ~ -h-O r ,'W3],V,.am_all means, sen aepenc ency~'wo'fKlngon ,your own,W l.'t_,,,uut

dene_nding7; onany 'bod,v~So'von ca n brina vourself OR . the ' top.:.,T h e v have1[""''''' . . _ I!' 0,'~. ,, '~J

- b ed -" :b th- ' didn' - ha - '. lb - '.dill-ildre, ,-,- ,- n - ' ru t e'IU'-'""- ""', -'_"iilii"<_a'-' -PU'", -,' nt---' ,-- m --'-'H'- "'_'-, _1- -, , --- ,--'- - ,',-- -,--eve .. g , U '. ,~1i.iI.O~,~,' ~~ r ''''/' n t, . -e Ye' ; ,II. (h!l,ey (,0 ,I I,dJSe' I :,el.L u I ,' .... Do.

W ehave to give l\hc 'm moreloans so ,m.3'['mey''can become indepellden'tw e_l... ul~ _L ~ L_ t. it - '[ ' · d - _ . G .; ; ; 'N'· J I L ~ ,. , ,snm ,y ,not cnarge ,any mteresr rrom tnern, ,,t'U ~ sat _: 1 arter ' :__,..iTaUnu ,~o)na,'we'formed i.Sw a v r u3!lllDan'\hina; hut unfortunarelv it was ston~a...ll 'm,-eit:"m y : " ,

'- ~" '- -- ~' .. ' ..•• - ... , , -)' .. . -.' ,. '-'- - -' e- . 'I' '-' ... - ~. -,!r~"" -. ", - - - ,- 'T n - " -d ... .. - ""N ' ~ . d - h - ~':II n b u - ]- . . h -, I ' I - ' , " ,",' , , , , " '," -- '-' - ,", , .. ". '" , , I' " ' " ' ,'-' " " ",' ,tenure, "'" 'ey warUe, to Stop , ,J,r,a.'..1 , at Y O Jna as ,we.. j' ut poop' e ca rn e on. t" e

,_j~ ,. • ,.oJ!.. ' · h i L • h '. '·ll ., if 'M'~IL IL · f ' -ro a os in p ro te stagainst lUiS:.'W, ',Cn.iS W -.Y It stu conrtnues,rn ' ,.····auarasntf'a,i'

anvone need s m .on~ to becom e ~ :nd enend en:t:'we s,h.ouldp" rov. i de :them with ,I -:1' ,r I

m :! fl' - -: w h eth erI' 1 . ''5,-0-0(\ru~."-,~' r 1:0 -l a k h '-'-'C'.~;-,-. b u t :h -0-' shot I ]d-nc ,b '- ,_,_ _O _ ,_ qti ' _ _=_euu::_ ,_ t_ s , ;J!"- ' ! . ! ' _ , u p e e s0,_ = _3 ._= . r l ! l , p e e s , ~ , .u[ t _ ,_ey:!L _O lt .,=_Ot e, '" ' : t . ' - ----~"""-.J-'-'n ;.-- -,--,-- ind ---- --- .-",l. .. -- -sh eu ld b e - '.",---'~----':fo ':-'-'10"-"----' --~:uargooany Interest ,all' . mor,eo-v'ertuey:s, ...oI J ; . .e ,grvcn t~m e :,· ·· r "u yean, tore---p ~ -~ ' -y : - ; ' [ ''~ n 0 ' - ~~'-rcm --~:~I :nIliiil"'·l- 'W·~ ;a ,p - -~r- - i I i ' · i¥ i Ipf' Ij F 'Fjhcl ;P ; f Ie - 'r h - 'ji 'n p ~ r r; : ~r-,p., ~,p~ n-~ '1 7 ' ,d 'j is - i" U - -s- , : - ,~ , . .1' ' ' Inl 'dl,I. :-,',_all' I .. !II' l~H.'~ "_l~,_ '. .1 ~'IU~I' ~IJ' u~ A_ !1~IlIHI !Ii~lll.I~~~I_ '-__ .!\r.:~ .., ~~ I: IIH.~I ~!!ir _IU~~ .1 10

'..._:...~. ~I .: ;sea a.~~._ I I

th' - ',' , :'- -- ,b ,: ,- ,-,- k · :" , I I · ·'w''l..--· '''', ,"- '" i t' - , - I! .. .~ , - ,', ', ' ·"h·'!',., '~ ' h . .'-'d " ",'C" d ' , "" , ~ " ','. " , . '- ,.,_.ler.-e~,re .all .S a~so __nO are , ~ r y, 1n .g~L One~p Who , I",~ __ e , :e l i . . .,,0 ·.,.0 ,SOl IDccause,th do. m ' ·b" 'l" 'I ".,"1' 'i " - . -I I I - _ ," _ . 1' I' :' •- . r .i, ' ," , ', . ~I I' ~. .. . '( . ~ : II r:. . IC 1arc not .. o,~,ng...ere .JO ,suu:erey,

T,h,ereis a M a ula naAza.d,.f'oundation.There is a g re at n ttdfn educate m e '~ ,L ,:~.J,= f ....I ll d· ~;, 1 1 ' •' 11"" . . ._ ;_ IL '. L t'thYUI,y,:te:n.0,:' u ~ e :poo,r'a n : . .. fQ l!n o , n U e $ ".!tn,vL~es~ mete 1$ Q , u g e'pflO'pe~ny',0(: :- _~e'waq.fOOaJlid~t,Ifthese ',p .[o~.mes can,b e u se dn[Qip,.erly andm,ven.toth e 00 m m o O n_ r''''!-" lr" l. _ c.rM··· · · · · ,_ _,~'I~" i'L -. 'h ' " -"di - · ' I ! "' i; . . .-y- I'·~ ~I-.-l_, "~,----.c, il...-._.j'~,c -],-,-, fo_ '~ , , - ,h-'-,]-,-,:,, , - ' - : ' ,d~-, . :1; . . ,_ ,_wquns~ U~nl' e y ,on, t, ua,_ e ro ~O O A co,any IlJl.NYe se ",(" 'e,P ,m · U te

, g o v t e m m _ _ e ' n : t ~S D urd e n , 'M U ,,d so 'b er e d u c e d " ,'Th,o'Usmds:o f a 'c re s ; o f, i andh a v r e :b e e n , 'o W e nover''mrough,5~., Arno-n8$tthese S~UllS[.:eB 'mer-eare 'a t W N,of() u r 'nennl.Qo.~' I: ," , i" i _'W h' ' ':" , , ',"~'t'C"~''''' W '·'aC'ili\i!" '[- 0 -' '0 ,[-~e·;rc~ '~U!ii''W '.'Q ,,,":LO',-" 'u ld · ~ ,~I"~'e· . .-v1I,·m-p,~....i'n'p_cY_I, lr'''''-r'' ~ 3Jau\. . . '1i1,', .i1.LJ. . '--, iJ!IJJ:l' . . ·n,- iI..JI1ii ,D. .1 " , .'I.r. Isn,~·.' ._. IIlaKJ ,~, "~. ~_i:1.L' ,La)

:-, ~---,-- ';-'1 '-:"--, - -T"h '~ ' I - -:'-"'-1:'- '-:.-'-.' - - , - - '~ ' -d" ' f - ''1-'·-~-'ld····· ': ' ·:.· 'I1).-'~']-"l\. ', ,·:··- ; o , L _ ,a,[,I,east"[0 Our.s" , .,.' Jere ISla ,great nee, lor ,amen Ing cue ,ru e5, (uat govern :ul!C~':

.. C 'L ·~ -· -· ,JI..,. ~ --,. . ;L - '11.-1• -1 '1 ' ' . . ' . . ,":h · · ,~ ~ -'-, - ., ' - · ·d · "h '" '· '- I' - . ' '-"d ,.':'~U~__- ,-"W'aq;~:lJ'Uaru5o. ,ltn:tne ra s t " .. ,m on t" s ,,I, nave PUI,SUle t IS! a,.,ot an· , w e w ,-I, try to

:rn'o~:n~t,n r ,...~ ]u'~'q-f bo~ '= .J ; - 'p-- : ' - r-o~·p~-e~- ·"1" ' · I -FIe. W'L i!'>(,h, iPr- -; t : '" l_ '~10~O-·' li!'P_<lI-r-e n]-d'l ·~r-- - :Cj,-O~· m - : ',~,,,~,,,~,u Y,_ Q;~" ".',P;,'= __ IU'm ,,,,:~,I!l,.I!;r,",,, _ .J!:I!.... " 'Ii.", I, "~ , UU._ ,;_", .•","" ..... 'I;.iiI', ,L,~""L e. . il. "fL. ~.. -"""t : ; , . II " d - d - 'i f "t-~I .' L h- ; 'ue~:,orel~,~e lraru:nOll or at:lt!:t' ~ll fnPn ence., ,Ii. 'Wl~, s e e ''[0 ~ttnat 't - '015 rOOMrrvr- r ,r.- .... 11

66'"[ _ '1 DMit- fv1J~noritvI!mnnwl~rm~nt ', • . ••• - 1 , _ . I, •• ~ti!. . - 1 , r..~. ""r.. ,. 0" ' •• , .1 01






2- ' -3 '.... "

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There is no ,douht' ' fha , t'we:have,mmy reUgionsin o u r c-nuntrylike, H~.nduism!"I s l am Si ld t i s -n l -C hrisrianitv and 'B udd hIsm .Weh a v e v a r io u sI-~P'I:~::-es , -c ;c - -cd. " c .. :~ ~ " _,!_~= .l, - ~ ,,:~I c _ ~ :__,' _~ ,~ '"'. "',1 ,,:___,,' _" . ,>,-,__ ~ I,c_ ;_ ~ ...::_ _.. ' .' _ a , v ~ ,,0 -_ J;lnb~,g: ,,all,,

..-' ',', , . -~- ,'\Vl' L. .., . __ 1 ' . -. .. .. .t ,L, ·,t ., "t, 'h i .'II~ 'I'lL, , J ~ I" - :~ :~ ~ : . _ , - - .='~~10' many KgJ,Qn:s"w,e u3Vi C ' severai S'-Gi -a: 'DU, , wrrn au "Hereol,Ve[S;hJ es w e are :aliI.

"J d i '1 ' '[d1 ' " 1 - L ._ L c n f = ) d d h, n c sans, WiQU' I j,K,e' to , sary 'ttla,t even :ali;erW y e a r s 0 our; ,_" epenaence t retit tiip P ow 1 -n" ,i ifi ' £ .~'~l cheduled_'"erne-'!{O"Nef to , t_ .' _ e r_es5 : 'IS ,rS1gn~_Jcan,t ro r us, 5peo~_:y (S ~- '_~W ' ·~_oo,cas te sand ,:,,",,"I!...,-d'~I~~.J, _~'b.~:.." ,-:---,:~~_. I ,'_-c ,-,- ,--c ~,~L -'L..T"wh' h e -'W' n o t l- '- -n -~ - nan ~UeIWLCU moes peopie.: want ['0 ~ U lltl,_,_.~ y ,_.avewe not oeen ,gtvc ~...IL '" .',"'''' '-"h · · ,h -.'· '' '_ ,.~ '.- ',. ' , .: ''.- .-~ ~ ". ", '. ' '1 ':",..--:-I,- ~tne power, W .' er .'er ,It ,liSeeonormeas power or ,1 '0inear power~

= 1 ~L d by ~- h d II ""Lam .a, ,roacrJ.lt~' mam: . eo !Ie 'W 0- me ' I mean -_ m~ ilnar _'~': , , ,p p< __ -~_c __ , _, -e-e- __ I 'f p ~ _p _ , co u~, to _ ''':_ '' ~' le__ ,_~.~e.._"it even

after co m pletin g th eir sch oo l.college, education th ey are.nor getting jiob$"tben I ,fee~,dla'cdlis is ,the mose criti,caJshm a do nw h e n .even, af t~ 'Cget~:ing ane d -- - . .. . '~ .- -- - _ . - ...- -- .. -_ .- -"1 ' e d' T h --r '~- no doubt th ,"ed .~.... , ..~. ".eaucanen, ODIC rs u.nc,mp_,'oy'c:., r nere rs ,~:_O'UcCHl_ ' [ mat ecucanon IS

v:e : , [y: l. m , p - o ~ r t a ,r u,:for ,e',mp'~oym'l!:nc:and , f - o r~,U(:GI!'SS in b - I ! l ~ d n e : s s ,even to 'L~=-,m: .1-4 h .-m:n 'L~itij' ," ,--:-.JI'~F"'~' w - -:-- ]··4 I. '.-c-:- have .;-:acoui c-' ",~,'7'" ~J~- ,,_ ,,- e a ,goon,_Jl.L_,_3~~~ _ , , " _ g . ,Jj,!Il[UU((Y S O " one, you ,_tae to acqU_fC,a g 'UiJ 'U

education.] . lil... . . -- ~~t...- C=fiiA i.,.:! 'f'i;t\fit ~!!1Ili:'! sa id ';; .. . .--0··ti l'h· , t t ,- ,- ,it ' iQora 'b --ot tr fJ· 'oL.[ "0"n '-LlnJao,a, ramous : r. . . . .".,~nas ~'4iU,,~, Y '. '1 1. 1, ,' .ave t.!.. ~" .' Y "'1 I.Ii:" ,",mUI, ","' 1i ,1 . . ' ·

one will lever give you,your rights,;"~IGuru G obind , Singh hasalso said 'that.D O

one g ives;:myooep o w e r but on,eh a sto , acq ,mr-eIt wing h ;s : o rw npower~That :is onl: ,yI want to say th atthose 'whoare In pOwr!t they 'wiU []Jot le t you.share i t :wirh them you have to g,rah it and in order' to' do this, you have to,

educare ,your children, In , northern India, th e 'budgetallott-ed fO, t,primary

~uc:o~. islapRd~d~~~raldy.r alwaYSI~II_I1ti~livl~gabroad~at '~.solunen 15 tha~ (hC !,vlllages they belong re they she uld adopt those .for

" ~.J • ' 11 : ' .J; d c: L ' ild'· b L ~~I'~p nm a ry e d uc atio n.lOU eon '(;nee _I,iincy' ~ u( '.Ul,gs o u t WJiilJ ,f'C41~,Ymaners:".. ,-. '. : aod .' - - __,k--- T -c 'Pu-f--~-L ' ! '" " - . . Id ~'L "h -' , . 'I 'k '. - . ' . , - . . .: !" '- . ': '. -,_,L.-is a, goo. teacner, m ; .l'l_,Jau,u is sal .ulat tt , q rna, e a ,pe~[.so'n,,51t on mega~\eQ ,fthe: ,schoo,~,sono student can r unaway :trom,the ~Ch'llOI, ' b e c a u s e 'one'

teachC'~cannot cover rhe syUabus : for 'five classes" Whedl"e~rdl,eil',e are ,4 0d Z -0 0 '" . d ., -h]- e h - th o h [-' hS" i U · e n ts ~ r ' " - ; . .I ; -u ' .: - n'''i'Pi!; :.. . .. , - , . "., -. . :,_ 1 ... ,- ' : , . ' ." .. . . . - . . . ,- .- . . , .; . . . . ,~ , - .. ~ .. r. . t "II .,.- .., · · · n ·. ." .-" . .. . .,-- . . " r

,!II.I ,'-r.:. ~ U ,', I '/. '" ~J.1I, [. "I ." . .. ' .. '. ··IJ.I· . . ._- _I "_ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ ,_ __ _ S ~_ e _ J \5 ~ ~~ a S C _~ O O ~ .,~¥er)"N~ ! le re_.c,y_ ,_aveo~_yo ~ ~ e te a t _e _'1 " , _ .I~-"L., .... 1 - "'b- ' :.- ,. ' -~ ' l l ''h - ' "u -,~L') 'T h ' . ,t_ " ~d;I· ., .·..,L 'ih · · .'p.., - . ._~L,." ," . ,., I"In a,scnooi, W at W,I - ,. e teaLI,~,. ., ,ey ,S~.1I0!lU,' I. , et eimer t .. e ..an,cnayat. or an:),o f th eir ,n ila ;,tiv e8 m o niro rm e :p1co,gmrnme.and.m e y 'sh ou ld a ,p po in t2 , 0 ' ,1",3teachers .. There:is large'scaleune.mplJymeDt ,in., P u n J a b "i f y 1 0 uhire ' them~'theyw Jj"U "t oilII"'Iil ...h ' Y O '"m " ,~L.,!,.II·.J'-~n··"" _ :~II "I_~~"_= :":" ~"~ "~ U,U~llI"IC/_~.,

I"""

0 ...11, Min'- --~,-,E ! -- - .,- ,,- - - - --- -- -~ .aJ,~C; ,~_~__ ,O fJC Y ~zmpcwermenr




T here is:B !big'c l l i f f e r e n c ein th e , s y. l l a b wfollowed.b y th e schools of theSm te Ed uca ..tion Beard and other:sch ools, In ord erto educate O · U f 'childrenproperly a nd for an effectiveeducat ionsysm:m; weneed.the sa me sylla bus forthese'Sdlo-dLs"·Ourdhildrenhavethe:samec a : p a h ~ l i . c i e s )their thinkin.gis same,T hey canaml in : 11 f t ·: i f , t h . e y 'a re ' g iven .t1 l gQ O d,educ ation.

(lkpwy Slrd~ L,~6ba)

Dalir,Mino.ri.tyEmpowerment 6 9

Copy r ghfe-d mater al





25

I have 'v'~ry~CuJly'w,altchEd,and,participated ~n,three nun-,alignedconferences,.T h e flrs ,r; o on fe re nc :c '" w h i chtallmdv e:ry ,e ~ ah o ;ra te ly ' a b o ut so cia ljustice, w asheld, in . In do nesia . ,A ft,erthat "o.nf~ren,ce~ th~'q uestion o .fsocial Jusrice ha semergedv ery c ~ ,e arlya t the ' ineernar ional ,~evel,

T he theme of the Conferenceis ~POWfJ" 'to 'm ePowerless ' ~Billeth e main.question ' today h~how' 'wIn ~hi~ :pQy.r.er, g ,Qto 'the :powe:dess~T h i s :is the' realquestion w,hich "We have' to d lscass, we have (;0 'work out' :a p'rogramJne andthen, ,s t -ar t'wo:rkingon th e 'b asis ofthat p:rogrn.mrn,e~In nly opinion, Indian.

s o c i e t yis divided jn to :6V I e 'lmportant social, g w o u p s ' -d;aJ:i[S~adivesis,religiousm ·'l 'nO 'n '· 'r~jA.s: 'backwardC~]!'i~S~ .;'iii" -~' rhen the uppe ri"'''i;.... ;- . , iHi The 'q "ue srion ~~w ' h ~ ' c - v ''~ .' :.' ,__: • 1 . -_, ' I ! . .'_]I _ .~II!i.rK Wet- . u. "_"~.~~~\ . < : ' 111~~lLU, ~. ,~, '_ . J~. Y.l " I,:.'.-'. [\r.o~~/" .. 1i... l ••. e- : .~ : _~ , !_~I! lrL.· . I .: ,~~ '_",_. l •• ' J -~

after 5 ,6 ''Y,ean;of our Consrirurion h,;] ,v:in g :come ~:[unn perarion, ehesepeopleare v e r yPOD,Ii" educado:n.aUy;,,socla~:I.,~econom ! :c a U l "exploiteda;nd, stU l, 6 . g h d : n g ,:fu:r~heir ri:-hts?- _ - - _-~ - -g- -_~

'yo~ m usr l~.I1,de:r.stand()IJ}ething ,= s.(}cia~juseieeissuesare no t H k~Chrisl:masg ifts ,. o rNew Year g~'ruor D iw ali andHoli giEts~]:~h a s, c om e only through.strug g le, U nless andunril you, ad opt th e patho r.stnJg g~ e" b e clear ~ n :yourm·ll ' . ·n ,111w'::'[~~it,-a 'p 'ro:,p[i1Im,, . ·me = v ou ,;("'~'I'Ii,'iI1I""'i" ;'!i L~~r~: VOii l ' - ""Pn i .~-.-!IW ~ ~ ~ : h .,:~~I~,~,-:-","~-,-",-,." .u," ~ I,n "" "~' .~,~ ,t&., ..,.... ,/ 'U'. ~ .... "~I.U,l iV', a n..!:'!;"", '!. J'~ iIJl!li ,:o ~.iilIi,. ~, .l W I I . .w.... w,_,..'!;"' f i " - l~ . . .b r ".'n.g' c,[' '0 "u ~ t'':''~~J,O'"'lII, h ad there not b e e n A < 'm b~;ed ~I~\-I' i ~ ~'d'i i 'h ,; :oll!",;; ' ~n'''' ~:e~ ; I :> I I ' 1 I ',., '[y,LI"', ,1-'-0 J :\. .o " ~ . ,~ ,[[C'.CU ~.,I..I . : I : ," • . ,I. '. iI, .".~";,I . '! ;,o, ·.~.· ., ~.·"'''',Ic!,.~"-." "'"' .. iKa!l:,~ c~lA. ' ,"~, }.. .. : I I , " ' " , I I !1""'1" v, ".:11:11,

lta m a sa m y fle rly a~ ~had there not b een,M:dianl1,jtP hu le, h adthere not been,Sami~n Kerala,these,~s sue sw ou ldhave never come~p so snong,~yin front of

~ d hi 0".'. c " '- '." l T -h I'd" r=: ' ~ .'.'our' ~ea~_eFS, ,- 'lp . , , ,:UiF'_,ons¢i,runo,nis ve:ry ciear, ~,'ne _nLUUl '-Onstltuu.on, In t i tS ,

p~~, ~'~~I,'hl::~.- ,t '~'~:. irs ,-::ai'i'~O :,:l~ ob:~'-,-h/~S, I t"V -;fiii" eleaelv ~,r'j,~ that I~j\e'rn' :c · . : j i t~- j :" : f ,~ i I f1I l'_ ,ream, _ ' e;l !Sf ' up - -- n -_,,,,Ln --~ --lie .....~J. .... _~, ,"'" ~ e., I -~~ - -y _"''l'~. ....3 . Iir.." I"",] -, ,'~~!I!

'in this ..::,,.-.-,-,-,,~-~...~':'''I~'1-:- :1 '\" ,-" .--~>]'-"";;-"-""-'-'-I' -:' ~nd .~":I"ileal rlehrs \Vl--~--m .., ,-~,-,-,,~~_ (_,_.I!COlUJ tlryW __~, g e t SOCI~L, C C i U n o . m , L C ;an. ~ po. ,~ca ng",_u" we .speaiL\,aluDU~,

secula rism ~ n ourPreamble: w e speak cfsocialism,in,our Preamble:w e speakabout ' [ ladon~J.int£g~afion,h1l,J: tw byare w enot gettingj t? 'OlurC o n ~ ~ I u J t i o n

makes it 'v,ery'dear ~ha.tentire da~it, adivasi,m inoriries a nd entire ,socia lly'andcducarlonallybackward classes constirute 8 5% ofth is country" SQi~,there 1 5 0asilent dan suu,~,c g'oing on = please m arkit ="', 3 ], peacefirl silencGlass,struggleis go~ .n ,g ,on in this o o u r u : r y. ,Thallsilent strug gle isto a cqu ire so cia l ju stic e;toa c qu ir e s oc io -e co no m icPOW"E.';f 'and. socio-economic prog ress of th is ,G ou ntr.y;,'[.0 acqu ire po litica lpow-e'fin this; country:




There'a r e :two i m : p o m m i t, f ea tu t t sin ,the I n dI a n p o U tytoday . ....' t h i sCOHn'tty

is p a s s i n gthrough an eh)' of soc ia l,jwcl~'t:N o on e c an , sto pth is , .T h ls stru gg leof'soclal-i'usticeYri l lcontinue everv da,,~But mathe_I'i!mpO,l'tMltthin~;isrbis . ,, '1 . "II ill = I~

Manyp e o . p l eth ink m a tth i s, o o a li ; t io ,n , g p 'v t_ i l'n m m tl i sr n p o n ~ l b l ~;~ r , po l i . t i , ca liifteotab:ii;:'w and ,..,.t.jii,Indlan people iL~ ' ii : iiW l i'dlseroved,i~;-Itis n'0 " 1" ~tiltiifiP''''1 'N l. ', - ' 1 I 'l~ iH.=-~:11.IIUJiI!I_ _ :Ul~,l~r' l!"oIi' J iUlllir.'·.I.Il i iaJ j J . r~,~-·l\.. ,lliIT''_, _, 'III' ,r,1'V'Ti'-r.' ,.I>~. '~J ..•.• '- L ~'~-a'll ... ~ ... r~l ui;4l

d . e s r a b l iU : n lo f " D "T he present coalition , IS ;an, o,p,po"rtuni,ty;this coalition 1 .5a,iL.... -" '-- ' f t- .n- o. •: r-c :""';@' ~_!;il-be th o - ~II"E' "I'll , s -F-.nil]l . - . ;Le'••p .~~C~' .0 : .· f - ' ,if"nF- .[_'~1 jusdce,IKHJ .. t, I _ .• ,IU,&~ "WU_ .. ~I • _. ~~~ .... v ~cu,f."'" "LD" " ~""- -:-'-D'll~ "". ~. all ~" 'Ii.&4Iu.~!Ii

''\;w, · 'd . . .u;" 'T h "L~ ~ "",'Lt., •w e ,m ust:~ enii"., ouroppo,nents,.,.rnenrst ,opponent in 'iU W . 'coentry tsm e',judlciary~,T he Suprem eC u u r t aI,wayscemes Jnm eway'of.socialp r o g R S S - . ,F rom the firstanl,endm,c-nt ofIndian Consrirudon w h i.ch w a son the issue ,ofreservation; th e SU,prem,c'Court had given a,verdict : ~gaJ f : I lS r.ir, The recent

_.J~ f - 'S - eo-- ' - h th _..l ~ ~ h _~'i

verw'ct 0, I,' .up,r.e,me·.·.> 'Ur t~'w en ,c ~ " , e Y 'stopped reservationm m e centtw,,educational,insoru'tioRi"'I am ,~ad'maJl : :because of this:roal~don"b eca use ofth e soaa lJ u st ic e E o ,fe e sgetting ,stron,ger;~th e :P a rJ i-a m e n [ :unani.mously'passed,m e,A cta ga inst th e verm ,a ,of S uprem e' C ourt, T his h as opened ,tbe d oors forour'yo0 D ,g 'people ,~n, rh is country,A ndso;" '[h e unity of a llth e socialjustice:forces,t h i SCO~ncc:.has g i , v c nthe righ t'o , p p o r c u n i , ' t yto h aved a l i ut minoritiesand . en,ba ls u m e :pr,iori:E;y:;,T op pri,odgr (a. 'm em , O S I :downtrodden, people,txplohtd.£o,rcentwies,th e i r . ,r,i,g h ,tsa n ,d 'lh ,e ,ir ,p : ri .o r it yis m ,e: f o , r c ' m m t ' ~B ur th e

~ fS 'C:; !GL. I ,i, l or . ~ An ..IL d .. e ll ,. . .:L,lWlty o~,:.)N pco ,p , - , e "is 'very,im,portant.,_, , - , , - , - ,o~. luercepnveo g roupIS,m e m o s tL_. ~II--:-~--,-, ..J:-j1, " N . '_ ' .01.. - :-d· , .'Y " · s p e a k s. .'1 ' • sh e . .Ufo 'th em ,T h ',' ':_q? '_I. ~ ~~~, 00 . '('Iiil!'it~'mJ 'I"~, a ',L _""II.t"Da~ a .a s 5 '- i1 1 .:1 1~ .Dtl. I.. _ aD." fI.ll t[I,'k; fl , I _ ,amu. .. .IlJ.O~1.. I :L '\.r. . lJU y ,

- ": ~, - - - I": - - - - -

2 0 % population,'Thcsc'facts ,m'ust'b etaken,Into ,c(Jtfisideradon.,

(m,~ Un;o\~Mi:"istn)-

' r--1 ';t,_ M ' : ·- · , ' ;~,,··,,··,,'·'W ~ , ,'. - ' .'" -, -, 'I',U'alliio] ,,_. UU)f.l ..." .cmpower.,men"

Copy r ghf-ed mater al









IL ~ "'l t" ,_:'L.... ('f1i;!I!t"' 0-f ![~C"I--' awareniPC'~ '"li nd 'I!A,.,.~-Il respons :b~il'll;l"ru T hls lst h o ,i!!i Ind iatJel Q~ U;lr'lir !!Ir~~ ':.. -iIlV', J i L l rMl;1!~I.HI~' '~iiIi A.I!LI." 1 ~W ~aJ "'~ ,: . :....',1. ill - , '-·,1·' ' '; ' ';1 ''. . ....L -"1.:1 .. ' .I~' ,_.", JUI: ..

that we want to address;today;, I am VICry h a p , P Ytha(: this; In ternationalCon&:renceis focusing ' an , tha t:¥ery im ponanr problem -the; India,that is ;a!t

th,~" '.'·:"v'i ,I,> 1 : - - 1 l ~'L" ' I i ' rd ia ~ h-,~~'j .:"',lJ.l:,""",,~_,J ~,;;i " '1 : . .~ ,~ ,, - , - ~ " L J I ~ , ; ,o f , ,,: . '_ : '' . o : -L_e re c e r _ ,,~ n g e n o,m e J j , n _Ii t ,il[ is aUULU;U, " -1 ,1 Ul~_~ p.rOl.nem, 0, castes, tne

b-l- f" eed'---f- ::1' I -'1": f- "1"·, ".. --, ~. -_..p m _ J e m0 CL __-_..

I w a~u 'tomake,3; point here about. 'the p 'oobIem,of 'the aaJhsam ong theChristians,:1know''( ha t trus p rob l~m,Is nor ;gomgto 'b e salved and ti t ' M M ,takesom e tim e, but'at leastthere is lone leader'Cro,mth is m a in la ndW ho lends 'us,sup':'pott, to th e Christian, D u i l S ; ;I must ' m a n k ,the D eputv ..C haif,m'a llof the~ = .~~~ ~

'[)_.. .. ' S~'bh h ~t... ~L _L ...... _aAi·, d hi '"~Jya '...a -,,aa,'W ',0 w as m ere on eneWlJ"we,t'~1.ilavery important ana J i iUtO,I lC;B "'51 .,·IL"c'h·w i ll . " -~. .. .. ] ~ .. -. .~. .=,.J d i ~ ~ ' ~ - -~L ~ C '= . - - d - ]1 '~- - ."L_'II d ~'L~:l~ _j WHi~.::-•.' __'1·.. gs , \ t Ie ',so'ace',lUlU' ~,grurty't-oUU~' liUres t '.'w e' Ul_g; '(DU'"dJS an , 'Ome.r

~I j l ': ' , - , ' .0' ,;-1 ,f,oI >~ ,d 'w ~I],~, ,-rhs -" i.th.- ' S · · '~ ' r- : c .o ; ,~ '.. ;.d l , '.-'l..,:: ~., '\ " 'J 7 '~ _ , :-- :. . . . ~'In,'~';- ' :B., '111 ,. .- , -'d 'h:~tL.n!;W, ,~:t,re5t '.' .. e~ , , e r s"iUmC ,1 !S .e ,. ~ a n,oU lersllw e passes (,.at n an\t 1 ', ,. - .'th ,'fi,_,:~, - S "L h - '-'I' ,"'t:- ~ , .... :" -I ' - 'r-·· ~.... , L "Ti..._ ~, , .... th ' ·t _1~'I~'h'''''- iba l .I . .I I ; § ,I n . _ . e ,. l '\ . i . !_ ,J y a "a v0 a,~. l ! 'O.I S ,g O ln g ,,0lU e :3 "laW" 1,n s s m e a n s . ,a - :0!Ui t, e En .. a rs

]i"i~~~ the ~~m~, ~~. ~oo~~t of~ ~o~.;dt~lllos~ depd~v~sec;d()nS~fth epopu larion, today ha: e some ,ho,pe~ It m ;a1be ,3 .smaJ~, ,seep,bur 10' t h e . r r. lb a J s ,~it i s a ,g ia n tleap : h o . : r w a r d " ,T h a tis ;''1e~' :imponant~

"HI~- ~ "~ - - ~ A " ' (~,I'-~ . ·b~'· --1 - '" - ~: - , . . , / .~ .n d ,'L._, , "",-,- ,s· .ro.. . ,bu I 'L, ....I" ,ere,~w e are t U S C ! l J 8 S 1 n g ao ut m n :1 .o n tl,c s, a n aabout m ,e . :. . :~:j nut w e nave

to [bearin mind ' th.at'the,r,e. isa need to ex ten d our hand to every person so dtaltiL . . . .d i l l S " " , d h '" ~~JI IulS creams wiu come true, ." '0" w e: a re nylng ro e ,0 S O m e t: in .g g :O O u , .am:ha,p'pY'that ~h,eUrA G overnm ent initiated , th is'B ' r U ~'Thanksto the:,sup,po,r:t:ofRam 'r:i1,~,-n"li'~Ii_~. "'lft Ji 10' I.. L;i!!i'_~ :o 'I i kind of a ,...-niliiICil'!'"I!i:'~lllc; ~n"ii_~ ; '1] ' Parlia'm'-n"-l\iI. , y' ,I~ r[~-tT~1L:Ii' I_I,U :_:. m~....g, ~"I.~~t~· .~ y:___ " ".~~~~~_~,~~l~ ~~~t~l'5.~;Y III ,[1 I. _1," _ I, t' li r . "ii'

" , b e h b ': - -H ' T h i . th . . buri '.' '1 a J1 '~ ~th"( '-. :- ',,', - .: _"," -'," ' I ," '. -.' 1: [ _ ' II. ':. '. t.'· , - I. I' 1 r ' , ': 1-··1 I: I.',.:. .. -1"1 :,-' i · _ · · · · ' .. " .'1""':'I n , o u tne mouses. .1 S ,I Ssome ,lng great m rrt ,[S on y a sm~ . s t e p m CO C ,· " , n · " " d .'- '1 . , ~d -= = ~ 'i1 1 . . . -= -~'i .. ;" . .. . . . t . . ~ - . .'~b ' l~ ~~ - -€ ' - l~t , h £L.. _ _ _ j - IIfl&,I,[, nrecnon, fl, '•. a, 'W,I come wnen me pm_l,ems ot a _~,t I.. e anectea p~op~e

'¥ril~come to a p~ :awe' I can onlv say, ·this;~~ ~ . . .., _ ., ••• • 1 ' ,' 1 • • ~ - 1 • "J ' I - , - - • •

W e must know for a :& c t _ 'the other day; m eformer President of 'm eU'S~:~B:iU .C-~i-'-:onW ,~.·, ; 3 ! L _ d - : · ~'-I'-~_'~:"~.'~I'~ w h ..· ·_,'f-~ , - :L: ,-I", ,· _ L ~ -_ ., :- " ,;....-. ,_~, '_ "_-~_ nIL, _ __as _~SKe a, quesu.ocO_ _,a t . are tn,e maIn [n,rea,ts ~{)h .um anIty? H esaid, t'WO th . in g& ; _ , o neis Earrh' s g lob alwarming c a u s e d ,byd,j;lj!fu'··"i"i~ij<~t-~o"'n an id ...he o th e ..,is i".;i!i;i 'r-o·r- - -=i s m - 1 1 '"iii.i"o'1l'n.',,' , . . 'h· ·~C' Co~-~n- " f::"'r~...:!I,nl"'~ '~O·"k n o 'W " 'rh a-"[- '\r.'[ ' .. ~ll~~il'" _:I.·· . .' __ ' . _ ' IUJ[. -u~I! .. IIl'~ l ll .. \r.; 1 [ . : :_ . 1 ~;;J..1 I '. II "· [i Ii IJII,1Ii . [L [ _~_.., ... _ ..' l . . ;1 ,1 t ;_1I!I;,,,,~~l IL!.·: K..I~I;.:.... r (. _ ..

that has been P I , r o Ve d'beyond d o u b t ,Our ' t r, iha lsand., fol ,restd w eU e rs a re'H , v I n g'" ' d ~ I & 6 " 0 % "f ...'L fa f" h d 6 ~ 3 0 : ~f -~1nJenSe :~orcsts~rn,~~ct~ '.•• ,~.' '-, ()~~ m e rorestcover '0','me eounrry 3.n ,",:' ~ 0:rh -£: ,- ~- -- - lie :~ --~'1 -·8:--:7, 't-~'~~I~d '-t';- ~-~r... ,C"-'p " ,(-,~Cli;~..lI.~:t" "!Ii '~ :f ''r- 'h ' ,- - :"t H " ' . - - .!.. of :IO,re;su "Ie I n " " ':,[,lvall, .·ISII.lJC"",, OU~ 0',1 , . . 1 : ; ; t : Jo , I S ! I i ._ r. l J C I . , S ,0," ., ,e 00 U lil ry ~ ., e r i ei- . -- - -'f(- ~-- i" lS ' · · ' "? 'd ' ~ -~ ~ '~ - -Ib - -.~ .7 " 0 :.%..·e , . - :~ :b ~ .'L. =, , Doc'ln~' . .'h .: . _ s,3, m e s s a g e"J.'Q,F'W , _, . ;n f 'I~t:r.n:ts: tu'ere are .......".:.....trl' 3Ui,,!,30UUt -0'.--,7'0. o t _ _iC[

forest d~ellin,g:' tribah lik:eSCS~S'o~th ~ pro,p~ e are,' t h e ', rea lconservationists,;'. ', "{ . h -I_ ,~ ,.L .-- , -, · l I l . . l :_ '_~"_L ". c.....-__.., _ J L . ~-~ 1 - ' ."'I,·~ .. d ·-· : ""h - .~ ,'!n ~ h - · - . ." . , '~ , '- ',~'I', 'k · - d:"l""d-:I 'you ,.,aye tnc tll.ll[JalI.S:.,m,e lOren (W,Wf!1ern all .0 t " e rS " W . I', () ,are l .nn:,rnn f _' .. ,]J,O'_'_a y "me)",a re sa v'ing forests toenlsurc'that. th is, g loba~'war,m,ing~ n~[ndia w,iUben .u .lI .H ie d _ S Q' w e ;h a v e 'c o 'b e t.QPc ::mcI' ,_,the;'n P 'O p .]e w h o a re,a .Ai:ct-edb v -'m e~ ~ - ---- .... ~ ~ ., ~ .. " ""'"-'D ~.. , ' · r · -- :Ior. · . i ... ,t. - . [I I ••

~ - - ~ 'a l'~~ - ~ - -lb ' - ~ - ~ - Ih ~ - a f £ ' . . _ -J !db- ~ th- ' I h - 'SOC:~-·., structure;, I. ,e peop.c; 'W., ,0 Me .' ,"'OCt~II , - '1 poven~y~. I e' peop. ,e w .:0 are

affected by misdilrection,,-let w co.meto,geiher~'W elcannotwalk R1one~As w ew a l k , ;let: us:, m a k e;a tpledge:=. th at 'w e m all m ar:cn,abead and, ,nor:let others .lag:b h" d'_e_Ul'~I~.,

I f :~~, ,; .-~ ~M:~-~,_.\--:-~~":~I;vtJ'IDn ~.'"' ~!n:Ft"/

D'a]" 'M'~ ~ EI ". ~t '~~- -~-~--- I'll - --------~~~~" .: . . . .~ :_ J ~ ', . . :"u1!Q,nty_ _ _ : _ _ : _ ' ~ : ~ , ~ p o w e r m

Copyr ghfw mater al









30

Shakeel A Ju n,,1 11 -ed- Khl~/ ' -an , ; - - -" -l~,_,,~: '._ '_'.~ '~'_' __ " ,,_''''_'~_'' 1 - ':_ _ _ _ _ _ , ,_ '-_ '"

M:', _".-t b -,-_ - ," " ' - "~ . , l ,~:t..,:,. 'S---- t . :'-"C '( '" ," ""'-I-----!ili' -- '. ','" -,~,: like,',','""'0'""an.ypeople nave ,rn,enUOnt;U, till.at '- ilLUar '_- o m _ m U t e eS; ere ,po , r [18,~L__, a nurr c_: ,E .'VT A II=TO-:--:~ 10'+' '' ',0""lf ,,~,L;:"lgs<,''i;-~,;iI'_.d; been S:l1'id in, ...t . . ~ i C 'rep_- 'ort ";,L<f'i;ir",,,W " ,· LA are a l r e a d yW!I;., ,l'\.uW JJ _~, 'UbJ,!I:, , ua!l'~ Dee - . -, _' illhOJ, ,_Ull,1.< mlu~llv ,~aI. ,"-'G, ,

. ." . . , .

': ' t,.:, ',', .' , _', ' ,0, ~ :', 'I: " _- - ,]- ---,,-d :I: ,- '-r-- -I .-'Ii-(fl- r rhese 'fbi - " , IThe. Primew o.rK J.n .g on ,S OC ia l, ,IS S Ues ;a _ F ea rea ~,yaw,are, :a~,LUl t~ _-= -~ -' - '-_ ~n g s" ,-,-- ,-,~ " - _ ,_,M ]nisteris try ,:in g , _ -,[0 imolementth e S a ,c h a r re pert, ' W h bt h i s ,reno,rr"

II IS :nOrWI h . -t.' .. . d ],r -1 _ ," , - - . . .- - --f-"M '" - - .Il~---- ~ n th~. . ---- ..~,,'~- N-II'~I",i:,. .ciear 'w,I<'a '[me _groun," .. eversmianen o· ,·.,U S Um s]'[1t lIS 'CDuntry lSI' ,···,OWIUJie'

qu estio n is', how 'w U l ,th Is rep ortb e 'impJemcntoo'?'T h e ,m aint h i n . g "Saehar; ' ~ m - - - mJtree h.•· :" '1 1 ~ ' pocint ;~.l o-- ' I 'u ' t ' ; 'n ' .'t~1 ::" r e - p ," o :I1 '- ~ ~ .t ' h · . ,~ tth' ,er: ,",hO '! ll \ , ,' jI I i,n o t · ·- I l k - d ,: ""b ;o :u : ' ' ' :...~~ ,'Idl-[~ [drQi ."1 _,~ . _J . ~ I ,_Jli,l.i.1Iil _ ..... I~]!. !!'. !I iII I .. ~ . . . _ _1R1_~~_ ~ ~._. ~_ ..... ~

I J I:' - .

r e s e r v a t i o n s "If it w as w" then tb.c:p · . · e a p ~I e :w ho ; a r ' c , o p p o s i n git:'wnuld . have-~ja deh~:"1'V'~~ b i ..issue , N O witis the' duty'.,of'all secular n;,m1j~m of'Par~iamentIlla e ~ a, _e~' ,1 . . _ g ,= _U! .. __ _ _ _ _ r _ __ _ _ __

to IcnSU lle ,. 'thi tm J5r e p o r tis im ,p l cm e ) f i 'c , e , d. .'\Vhf_lie'' t h e :question a r i s e s: m I 'g i v : i n gC ':]-'::':,, I>, ther -·'I--~--~:'--: _ ; : ; - ~ I M - = -,'· ·] _" "s, ,;.:k .') 'p ,~ '1 -i- . ·"1'2n~'"nd " '~ . :.G · ··0,'11;-mm' ,tIa C lIlles to _ emlDonnes aou, ._ ,W; 1mSl!UJe "a x ame~_!!I.a n _uuC .__ .e~ en_'C "fl-' Ind i ;~_ ~f'.:'! Idl i . · ·ifferent ,d .-epartmentsare 'free to ' p1wvi ,d" f ! :ie, Nobody· can smp-~0, ,~I _I~ :lJ!tnlI . _ l~~~~ .J .. _.~ .~ ,~ _~ ~ ~'~I_ ~ ~ ~_ ~ • • • - •

" ,_ . ,.,

",,'L D"" ~ ~,L .J i,~._.. ~ M 1~ "tnem .. uut u: ,IS 'v ;err ·r smoortant to OYe reo me' me uiSp-an1ty'agruns t ,--·~W'_I~ ,1 0, ,F-· , '~:l .. -

d U Te . r ,e n t 'deparrmerrts,O " d U -"" Ife 1 - h- ' he '.a I r e i " f ~ j[ l~. . . -. - . -. I' .. - - - - - - . - -1- fi .. ~.V.l.US~ms_ ne ve,ry rmportlll[ :..n g IS : , I ',If; ,~t, :at:' W ! _ _ . ~ . ymCJ;'_.~ < a j t _ D ' _ S0 . _ ',I_ . :_ : ~I_,~_

- ~ .

a nd , D a lirs a re 'nO'I: shown in th e society:Why there is n o m o vem e nta m o , n , g s t

M-nil!!~:l'iftj'II"w ',' , 'h-',e ·.n ''''~ ~ ~ : ::,~:'11 ( J II U · ;i I! !e r :: ,n , n ' .about B')"i 'b---'''ill, 'S '. ~ I L eb.Arn. -.-cL-:l 1 1 . ..,7" '=;1' ~ ii;.J~.,..II~>' -Th- ,I ' d 'J \WI>

, . . . -:J I_ I1I,IJ..IlI ., 1 , U111ir_&11Iir. ~ 81 ·'1 1IIr.I.J.!I_"lW, 1 . _,- H .. [ ' A . . !PI. ~"~!!w.:. ,. , .. ~ •. ~ ~ U ~ ~ !f ._t~. ~~L~

':"~lbe --:::--~--'--'--'-,-.. '~"I -I I'l~,-/:,,:,·J ·A It fo"- ' . - I · ·~ - f ~ ".1' <', .:1 ".: "" in ',1 _-',' . '! <, - ,MJ .,- e no ,au,vantagen o m p o ,lULiU p ~ a '. rm1 . .y o u a renot g O L _ ,gt oco-operater., d ..m:,:- rltie 'lV1':" h ' ' I '" ,- ', d I' II·" " . -" 1m ' ,- .i ,-£_, I '1 '[ - 'M " "'"I'l,...-...,..~,,.,..,-L,,:"",~In .-~mrull1Jes"we ..a,ve:(0 I eVle~op soc~... pla[![U,F"m, as wen, .._, 1[,. ,Ir.;a:)w::-a;unas

in,idatedI~i'n,QW'w e,h~ve'to ~ e fu rth ~ r step s"'PoU -c ic . a Jindicatiens ar.e 'ver.y,. d h ,; ., 0" ., _'l_ B~h- I h- ooi .=J L _i :m , ~ r t- a nt a n c you .;:ave,glVftl a s r . to n gineucanonroa ' r-, c__ :_ i I ._ .'U " S .-OU!J_Q,navea .~ ~ - i" C:L: 'r"'M : '" ,,I, 1 1 " I· d -" ~ fo If'M,W ll_m:!n'I,e~' ~-jn1Srer:. ~~ :,1 5an m ~_lcati,Oll ; ',r, empower,m,ent', ,I "~ 'we Me not'POiDP' to u nd ersta nd a nd ,d ecid e w h o sh ould'w e vote fo.r~m emattersof DaJitsn~ 0 _ -

,' 1' d Musl~'m,:w,in 'nOrt:,So~v<::an~':'p".'1!1r:nOS~..We have to develop,ow: R,~ations,and,an ,,, " , ,.,L~~5. -- ~ =~ .. - - - - -- ~y, ....-.J: - - ~ ~- - -" ~ - -, -- - - " " ~

with ' t h e s ekinds ofp ~latformsand undoubtedlyrelations will 'be ,sith!nrri'l1:-eil,ed~II ti U .1l

(.D"" ",' , r= - , - , I 'N Y J(' ' ,- - . , ', ', -- d '- 'j'in m "" , ,----~,.JI_~ j'~H fC 'U )" ,,1',;r:ratJr' uDl_.(:n1., " . '. Ilrl,I', U :tlrnUlDlt,Jl!"LlJ,"t· ,r . I

C'ADIU D·~l+1"-- M', : ,"\--I:-l.;i, ",'- Em--,:-,--',-- 'pm--,: . .. . A'..''__'~ _,t~ ~ _,mo L'~ty" _ _ p oW "e !!l_ '_ _"04~I!!-,




31

Asgh ~..~... A 6 '~ " .•·E '· · I '.1 !!Ii ' . . . ." ."...' arc .....'....':Dgutl,eer

'\"{e',h a v e lf~j ']I;·h ·,~,p:in,,,, 1[ '1 -0-~'i"ii'i!~ F'-,.:ir 'D , . · _ I · · l t . .:M· · ·_ 1 _ ~ ' I I : i m ~ c , -~"I 'n- j ; i IV. t ; - ,p .'til num...I!--=. . . . ,of v~l I i " t "_·WII.",1Ja!y . 1lJ~-~lo.III 1'[ .,-"'A.I. .... 111[110 ~ .. '~_~.kl- ,I}U\I, ," [ w _ ,, ,"0 1 • I .~_~ " 0 ~ I~ _ I L ~ ; .liU"l~' '~~·o. , "ur;~r y~ ~l~~,.

b '. .~_'I'· .' t:..,~~~ .. 'if .~II" 0 -'~r '.~~_..l'i! .' M~'U,t in ,['-oolht .I I fWlb'most nmes, In iU~ nOB" t, wits 'ale: ~lIX'U' aeamst ,_,~,_US~lms~~J" ~ ~ ' ...

at~:·th e ,..,:tm,~'.-f :~ I,0 ,-f ~'I; .. ~it I - ~L..~~ b ec om e s '~ H i nd ,- - .......~,I"L!i.',~ Til ~ ~Is n ... ..r onlva_ . '!14 __ ... Q_ Pi- __ ,o ' l , .Ule_~ eutQ "" ..o;...~ __1IiAI! @j. = . U t::U.b ....... _ =-- ~ g _ """"1 1, . .._=1 ..

G u Ja ra t sto ~ ,b u t in the n ,o r t f f i J ,easta lso" I w ould~ike~to especially'ask.,Dalit~leaders t a k e 'thls 'unity ,$ellou$l~f',rameJ: thanmaking' 1£making It a. poUdcal ,

~ I ~ .' ." , '. 'T I ~~ ,'D '~ "; _ ." .,'ul I . ~': ,~ I" ' .• ' b~ :~ '. :" ',- ~ '. ~ "~ .. . .,I ~, I ~.rf : ' , . ,~ - ' ~ , ', ' '~ '.,I 1 rJ ~ ~'" · f~. · ·..,;L.~s~,o,~n., ,. I:U:,. ~. ant pop ~"aillonmust e.maae awa:m, 0., me .unpo,mnce 0 ems-, '.';-':""£ '...~ -, , ;O. . iLIG -n _ ,0 : ,- -, -~ , ~''V7. =._'IIL.J 'M .· .i ~ -~ ,' - .'. ,~ - ,- ..~'D ,..'1"-1 ,~7 .Jie- ., c_ ,c, d ", ..1 . .. . -1- .' ,unny,( ;U.u::r W le " ._uJarat ,[.I0CS.,w e l : :oa. .Ucu' ..·._,US~lm, a n u ,=atli[ .C ' "d i .u_A:"SJJ.ufa·. :~alo,gue..'W" k e d 'D '-. '_'I."' ] d 'b '" T h 1_.:i f ro~ · - -D "_I'" "" ""d ''L _we .as:Kt:_~,.';UI.t' eaaers a ~,out J .t '~ ,ne f3l.Uers rrom ' · · ,a lInc()mm:UIll'~ , S 3 1 J . _lna.t

.-'1"' the t " · - - ;c -of -~:'~~-'":h~'-'-'''do not hs '- .'- "-~-'.';'"-'.-'-.C:I"---] nn rhe communhv The doat me I. nne '0'_' ,nOIll;k!l~.ey I. 01 no __ave ,any OOfhW, Q._,_. I . - '" ' . . . . . ~ -~ '-- ._ ,- ," "" --- ' . . .r: ,:_:_,..:,-'_:~.::.not ~:ilL"t~n:ii'.... ~L,Q:'r l1Q"I ,d ' ,;;i!!!re '~·- ...... tli!l";i;!i, ,...,lLlQ\i'"3 ' ,~ , not ' I t -=:n~P" m '~I'Ji;i!!!<a :'U~~ 'a~'~-ru'iIi":-,:It. .; ' ii ' ,

!~~ I.J.;II._-II!!-··.,1I!!,u tn~!Ik.: ._:~ ..:..~"g! OO~,~~, m~,l _ .. I i .. .. . ',_ ·_ Ju _lX~- ·-b l ~ _ a J .U ~ ,_.:,"CiI-I'~ 1._00 _.~ Ul.I.i!J

' o a t " -M 'l'" "'Vl h id ' a ll "'J . ~L" ~ ~I L. ~ 'D '"ali, I . , '. .~~ir...! L l ! S .nn l ! l _nH:y. ,w e 5 :,I au ,~. s . se r tous ' :yengage1 , 1 1 ,uns !(~~;~, so m ar, I . • ': ~~i;t:"",

M 'II 'lc H m u n itse :"1I i I ! ' I i .'L.~, fo rmed '1i:~' iff i '' ~~ i 'm , :""" , , 'l imp l a c e sIn ,_"ery' state~o. ~~ __ '_ 0_ , 1 , ' W ~!I!~ uc: lU. "" ,,!\r.;. _) ~"', _ " ~~, 0 _,y ~,"~ .. : ,P-i~~ ~ _ ~,y. -~ .. _~, _ ..

I krUJW' mlnorities,I:am , talk ing about: 'w h at h appens at th e tim e of riots ..'W e have ~Xl w o rk . ,s c'r i,o :u s1 lyin t he :H e l d .T b is Is,my Q,piuiotn"T iUth e time" ' I iW3'~ren ~"\I' ~'I' not creat - _j am'~ng'- D ~ " '31: ; ., " ' .lJn~'n 'W'l"'II~not ~_L_. pla~- real '1'","".' I,~ [~l ~ . a .,I,~.·-· ..I"I [II-.I.I~ elL 1,·:' u:;._: ._ I.,. - o l J :L l l - : .I. I•. ,I~ J :: - .: .~I, . ,' ,~. I iIaK.C ,:.. : I e · ~ J.~ :~/·~

"T h ere a re: n v e :'b asic va lu es ofIslam,mey a re ju stio e, p ea ce, b en ev olen ce,'. d is d T h f~a I" 'l"th .' h ' uld e a k £ -if'! m' .' ~. ,..' " '. W " . . . ' - . . .~ . . .• ". . . . . ' . '. '. . - . "'''I~iI\i!io'' . . I.' . lI'Ii' . ort w ·1 .!rO'

~,. I · •. ~~·I·.· [ 0 · . . [ . ··I·-.~!i...:,; .-.. I I _ ' ···R~'· .,. I. ,0~u I . ·1··IL ]_ . . :.-.~:-,0 _.,pas:!_onan,~ ~,Lo,m,., ,..: e es5.Jlc.e o_ , · _ _!,Ie5e IS '':: 5_ 0 "_ s,_ .pp:_ __ ._~ _ .secaions; 'W henev,er,injusric~:,U ;done: againstda1;:ts 'y;,e:~hould,~:rand'w i th ,themand voice ;~,~'iinS!l:in jastice, Bur th i s: doesnot: hanp ,pen, .Bom sides need to

~ w Lr,~''l"t..:!-,L. D;-'II· ':I-, .. _ -. - ·1 7,~ ;~ - '~ ',~ -slos ..~.~ :.: - "nI"~ , :~' .B' .-~L~·h-····-··~~--'·I~'~··:II--"-.Ihl'·-~~:---I'-- ' ·I~·k.1=UUn_L , ~. 0 no[ ~ .It a s , a 5 ogan .0, ,y ., , ~QUI. n e communmes ave to wo(,_

,\,V/-~'h~ ''" I_ 'ild '~ ;,~ - ~ "lL...._.' "-:....._~. .~.€'_l·j "" I 'TIL ~. .,~ ~'~' ..:..~~- -, c- ~ '.~ .:~. ,- ~~~.. - - ,~ ._ ,~~_ : I . . , .we S . I,OW.· " r:espect,Ud-S1i&v,~,ues '0,1,~1,I9(ln,. .nere ,IS D O scope 1(l_f.r.,U ~N:'Sor qulU~

; 'D" ~~"V' 'r9ila+::~,nl.R.•·~ . - - . ' i ' ; 'g- : ;o ,~: ·n ·does not collide bu I t· n,~:r.-J in.~"tj!J<~ir!l" '? ' f~indlvidu <lliI!!I aa.. .J.1 ~I U,U" ~ .1 :.1 :1 . ; . . . , . ..U"-'Zl .lA,l ~ ,1,0,,-" [JI I ,1=1,'-r..:J[LCU, ~"-.l,I~LlJ! U, , . J(lJ,I'!,I, . _ala

do It Isclash ofim ~~notdash , ;f , ~ .. . ,~ ."-~I 'R '[" ,- "~ " ~ . ~. ." :':' . .. .- , t~ : · · ' , ·~ , · , f i ·~ · 'gh · · ·~ -it·.0,., it 15 ··~.asuO,L., I l l l j e_ re . s t . ,not erasnot re,I ];g ton ..,Iflg lon , never mfBi.e us ,._ ,_I t , ._ ,r

i5: our ,io .,t£restw h i c h , m . a i eus fightPoople'. F L o o d .10 b e 'aiucatr:d.: abou~:thlsIifiI'RW'": ' 'Ii '-w '~- : f i ! -u1 ,~ 'd:'like eo F,~f' ,n,~."",t h ins Th....."" '' , ; ;" , , , , ,~ ,~ ' I"C: ' . . . .mmission's ' i" ; i i ip~'o:- : ' r""~[Ii!"'li~IIiU .. 11.. 'U'! 1 I I '.IIir.. ~.. ..... _. '-rI.JIL l~~J.1Iir. ·[11.1, Ill'" ,II ,Iii.- !il"il]j.j~~t.R.l ~ I ., I ll.""'~.. , . .L'~ _ ... 1lll.J ~a.J ..,

.D . , . I I 'l · 'i '~ ~Mi~-' ' iiIi;r!I,::m :: ~, .& ,~ ,Ib": ' i""'11 .--~-;~~ ,-:JI'd-~:as,s:es:IL~l!~ L~-:-"7'"'m·.-,,,,,:' 0 1 . :: "O: - ' i " J i i !Il.."l' .... 1 ....~:.,.rd ,I Th, . . ~p,; i I I i :~,aJj.~l ~,o'o.l~~'. ,'J. ·0'·,' _ ~t\W,al'iU ""o__,·, "0 lla,'!~, ~ ''''o'!i-Il'~ ~lo".& ~ U €U i;I\} ",._\1t~ o_,"~~~'I¥ L~./, ~

o f'p ,ro ,m " e5 S: O ll"develop.:m,ent:'W'C are' :fo t[o w. in g < is 'p . 'm - ,r. :ic il;W e :p ,'mise Gandhij.i.a!!!""!.l p-, .. [j _ _

I I b ' d fo~'] ~'L. 'h 'b h"' G -" ~..lL.~, ••, f' ~ ~ L ~ . ~ ' I.IOr. .'Ut 'we ' .'.,0 .nOt .,:.~ il)W p a U l: !I I ~ow ..y .jm ~ •• .· . 'an.w;dj.i'was !{),~.a,pUllontuaJt : r C 'a lIf:" .:. ,'i, wh- · . . , .I~: . :h · · .- , .~ .. . " ~ d '"'- '\1',-d oc l:: ,; . ' ."::""'I~"""'I .;c. - .. th o . - ,"",4"<'~,,,;, .~. r : 1 . '.' - .:p.~'OgressfS~. _ ~cn. t_ ',C _m .~ ,t ".'e'pn,~e , . c ..ass ,a.LaI gets _'ee ,auvtW,mge (L progress ..,Bu~:, in ,our. coun.try~ ,progressh a s taken to rn ]ly op,pos;ite :patb. In , r e a1 ; . ' ~ ,th ew uken dassis b e in .g n .e g le c r :e d:an.d,i ,g n , o R d , 'd i e'who, l ,e 'ad .V 'an ' t ag :~ : i sg l,o ln g 1 '0

8 '[






:s -Iy....ed 'S i -h- : : '.abac..~ci': "b - - 'm d d f n.c·

o • '.~ '.: •• ' _ ' . _ •••••• _. " • '. ," __ • _ _ . _ _ _

' -T-'h - S..- ,-ch -- - -··'·I[ 'ii ' - - - e . -b ~ . - -'I - - . p ·I · · '1 ) . -t 'h 'I-":.rte '.,""~.'.-'. I ":- ·.:, ·~ .,i" .. ·)"".J r,;. I I ' ._ '_", .~ '.~ u 1',:1 ~.l . .... "'--1 .: '1 '_ ~ _ .'I 1 -1 '1 ':': : .! ' ~:,II I~"l 1 ' 1 , 1 [~, ,_c_ a _ ail' com,m,L_,_CC S ,[ cpor _ ,us ,flOW _c cue illS., , D, m y 0 ... ,n ,on _' , ~ s ;

.....- nUn ~Hijliiljliil" ~b iggf""!""._,,,,,l~. [i . .<"lI;C'1-=-0- . . . , ' Ib. . :-it' .•) t, t'!V' t. "I:VP ,ro~· m · .-p -~:;I '= J d"'l l . . . .. . - . ;' w h -i c : -h;::;i~",," __~ '~ :__~ _!:_~_l" ... -~ ~, r~ __ .~~ :-~.:~~' 1~t\.I;IAQ. llCC t. UIa", U~~..;r.~. [[lalJ·_.l~ [~. "I ,1[. :.~}o.u I., __ IA~' '_"~'~J _. _ =.J ~ ~~ ~~

that, and. no one Iusa n y doubt, ab l , lu t:it~in · e v \ e r y,$£a~ th e .Muslimoomm.unityeoastitute a bac~ clm; in m eIcnnsdtud()_nal(~ [ega];m c l a l : }educatlonala n d e e o nc: o m·.I·"l 'c se n s e o fth o .- 'i",~"IIi'''''''' . , , , tL.-y....1=, pee~'~p-II-" h .'c ~:i-~'~ I -n · • .. .m .'y .~Ip-; "ii... : 'r y - : -: . . ..i l I I i i I ! ,a ,"

,'Ii;."'-V. i .. ~ _""'. . U<l!'C U . e "C.,.I;,U,.W U, t1U . J ,e ~I "" ...,"'".. " ., "'-'G . R\d C'W! .

.iawye 'f I 'woldd .liket(11 te ll you miU; oo,nstiwtionaJ1yit is ' v i i l i~ ,.Muslimsare notd em a nd: ; D O " 'F rU ~· "" '- #'I I" ':; t'II ;n .i I:" " ,~ ," ",relieion g o o -up : T 'hf'I 'V' "",,~ demaHid'in ' , , 'It "'"iC ' '3

_ . .'-~" _. - I .uI- 1 b _!,~. "'g,UN~~.~ ~ l@p Iliil~l.- 6 - - -1.: '. I - I. _,." ... '.. -l.···~ .1_1 - • [~:i.' ~I~, I., ~.~~~,~;~: _~~I ~ ," ~ . _'

'bac.kwardc l a s s "'T here are so' m an]" view s,com m ents and .ju dg m e.ou : o.f·rh~S u p r e m e t""'-;l'ii'ff ... hat '!lIH,--' d '' '' '' ': ;I il ' . ... . r -p..e-·i :! . , . . . ,n""- - -L"" t "~ rb iIIi L , b ;id "e ''n ; - ' : 'wif rhI P'VIY ."'; .....me . . . . . . . . . u l~~ ' " .mar ' ! !M llf> ass ~•. persons W .u~"""". . ..,. _ ~,U..... : -"I-~",:j:!!"1 'J""J

. come in,'m e'ba·c'~ c l a s s' t h e ycan , beconsideredas baclcwlmld'a8S"M;usUmsL edas h ~.=·I,~_._~.~..JIcl d l~'l.. h --~..J b ~ . '. m u s tue: ·u e a r -w . a s -act(w.ltt:u- a s s a n -U1=-:·.. SI'OWli ~ f: I - - I . v e nR:SefVaJ1lO.ft .S.. - - . .. .- - .. _.- - _.- .. - -_..- -_.--- .- - -- - ey _.. _. - -g-. - -- - .... -

Y e tj I w ,n 't lI d , ,r e q . u c sty o u .. I 1IO' t :to .PUt M 'w i lim sIn a ,. s i n p d a rg r o u p \ .They." ,,- , - - ~. .. . .,. . .i""1' .'- f - - - ' , . - ' .u d '~ .~ - , , . - ,.'III:l 'T i l- 'llil 111 '~ 'k " " ..·v, . . . . .,..-;-I_~ ;·'·f··:··-···- -. 'D '~·rt· - - ' ! 'n"': ''(0',ALl", VI,...."..m s 0 pre1u. lee as weI .. ] ~," .II re m ,n ;am aW l!K a; 1.you.are r -0,. ,8 O I .g '. '.m akea sub-cuota fur 'them~~QU cannot ru x om p U S :h 'th etaskv o u want 'to d o ,I~--_.. . , ,~.,.. ... ,.. ...,...y. ... -'.. , , "._' ..,.... J _. , . . .... , - •.

ask you Whether 'you gi,vethem4 · % , , .5% or 1 0 % :; ,whatsoever'm efi,gurem ayb b . . . ' 11 . u 1 d . . ' th ' _ . . . ~T h ' 'S ' - . ·C o ' . "has id ~L.=··-.. ,~ : ':1 - .",I' .. r "'Il~'; I ,.._ :',._'1 :1" ~'~. ,',':',1 1,:"" ~ ._: _ ."" ",I '_.J '-: I ."1'" 'r ' . . - ~ . : . :;"1 ul3'. e . ucyou .s~~Q.c •. 81rve _~em,reservaaon.,. _c. ~ e ..up.rt1lJe .c .. un ..c. . . . . . . . ,S alJ . ,. . ~ - . .. . t

,.... ,.,_.. -.. - n_..... --.. -! ..-. ~L.-.". I '~ - k ' . S · ·c .· · ' h ·-d : " ·11 ·d · · · . . - ." .- ."d S e b~.J·"·IL.J -_'~L~~, '6 ., _ . ":f :.you c a n ._Ioit~regon~ mem It J~ ·_ C ae l! U . le :. c a s t e s:3!iIl·.U;llalW.C;U e n e e suU f ,* ~S, . . . ,~ :and S:-~f1,-"I '~": :t:;'III,tAJ"n,n'"...~.J, w hv not M ' . ·..···-:111~'II~m.I~:~W h·~-'~ ·' ' ' ' 't' .~c:;. ehe d '" l ' :ffi-I'C'~'"I~'tut'~ ~,~ , _ .' I ~ ~,I uc ~'~~ .. :-U:U~ ,__"... _I ' l ••.. ~' • _, .~.II. __.. -i I· I' ",' l . 11 3 . . . lW U .1~"l . _.1 •• ]-, IlIll'lr.J'"

Nex.t',thin.s.isJ , If you, m r' ro g ive:3. share '[0 any backwardpoup 'then.:youhave to loo.nsldertheir population.;,In m y o'P'.itdon~,M'us'lims shouldbegiven alt

1· -· - - -: .-1no1... - - - . -.- .:., .. - 'S ·:·· - . .. '. - . - " :.. " ..r,_ _j ..,'t....- ~IL S < - ',- .- - :. .r.... -·_. h e . .J~~.'iJ70 .rc :sc:rvaOQ.n . ._·Q ,metlmcs .~{.IS u~ Ul~.t "u.lC' ,_u:p'cc:me'-'"UiU[~ .',J15,

written som,ew:hen::dun totaJ reservation .sh ou ld .n otexceed ,5O % ~'But ourCo··:-c·n,,,, .. i :, ,, · . ,[ .~ . ..ha - ,. t'-· · " ', _ .l'~;!' .'..... .,L.. ,'- .- .' 1 '[" -' ~- -.,- . -T h l - . .. . ~ ·-,--h 'I ;ru :· ..C .. ,-. . ". . .LLiJUILUIon,. as no .SCILal l ,Y.nm~1l.On. Ul':.. : r e s e : r v a , o . n ,l5S Q ie~, ...e reIS ,n0' :SIL~" ~o.ryl"'ii-:-c-";". nd ,--.'.-:",-.-," "h:' . al "d' ,,. _.. - d_ - ;,.,L." 1 " .:" , 'T h '- ' , '.~::IIII .. ,.:'. ~,UDJt an ..~!omc· ,ltafie5 _ 'ave:. c r ea ·_ .y' a IO:S5C:~ ullsmut., , " l ,eyare S.nlU cros.un,g U :"

w hy can 'r you?You f ix .a quam for ;dllbackwardc lasses' on . thebasisof · f ~ h . e i ro o u u la d e a 'T I. ; ·e "lim:i , ,_IO · · · · : t :'5· · · , :O· , . : i J~1needs 'M be c~~ : : " , n i l l i n , l ap . l i .N · .: O W. ·:~ :- .~ . .. .L ~ q ' u e s d o n '~Iil'r'~r _m"~lll~ I. lIt . ,1-__ ,_;I'" . , if] , . ' .70 "~IIt~ II.U U. . l li lJ JJ . .. . ,o.;...u. [ "UJ,,,, I,~I"" [ I~

w h··..iI'!!~ ' Y O ' ::'Ill ·W I ··' :" 'Uge . - ' _ : [ "r.l !!!C'oI!!fV3' . [ ~ 'i "i "n "- n . .. .. .p . l ," ' ! · .."..'1,lc.,.'L -U'[" ,.. .JliII'll~t" =o· · f t_' T h T' ey- . , :£ 0" ,.' rge- '~Ii:'" . :I f- . " " .. ...... 1Ii.. . .. '. -. ..... .. -.u..... :n. .. -:l.U .• ,1 ." ;, ...._ . '" '~ . a.oo '. ,,-,UILn-AII...I.lL., . . . ., .. ... .11i., Ulili.- .~, - .. . - '. : - . - - - _.. - - - - - . - . - . . - - - _.. - - _. - - - - .. - '. . - [..,. -

., f '.'.' " 'I iI.... 'Ill·' 'M : .~ ~ti t _=Llssue' 01 .reserva:bonin prtva'ce.S'OC~or.s.,.. WI,Ot·e' 'to 'cu.e r,F tm B:, "~'.'.1I11.S· let ' . .::3[[ wli,enyou.·b i lk .about, r e s e n r : i L t i o nin .p r i v a t e~tor' : p . ~ e a s ed o n . ~ . t :t a l k .only : f O r5Q: andS Ts ' ,:pl~' . remember. M · w : l i m ~ Jalso...1iSa id'w h erever you.R£JUp'.an ,ind'oscry. . . - 'l I~ .~-! - . " d "~ "" """ - " . b " ~ '"t e fe ··.c.• " " w h ' " - -'b' . . ,:, : .. J. ~ I.; .. :, . , :' ~ . ~ '" ., ... .' ~I:,~ - .. :",1 -. , .. 11.1'. J I 'L . - ~~ ~ : . . . . . ~ : .. . .·.1 ·1 ., ." '. : .· ;,: ... 1 ...•. ' .• ' .... :. ~ I: I' ..•.. ' .... "1,peo,p,e[Ylng .m smroun Lngareas m U lSt. egIven p, .' J:'ence,. ,atevef. m _ a y _e














, u l T h ''! -,- ~- ,1 .. - - -, - --" - '.' ,c~ - -, "~ --, -. -', r: . , .sc..,,--d e-T; -1 ' , -_,L , ,iuld 0 ' " if b e[U e, , "ere: ,~5, Inc ,prov,LSlonIiU[ reservaoonJ ;or~ a n o A,,5,,n snoiucneveei :: <

r e d u c e db u t ~'f''w,-_- j I I l ;h av e t"h ,in kni11 iI"Il~~W - '~ ' -{ i I i'h '" ' "V" ;'0 ,':,n~v '3 · , . · ·% · · · · · · · ·. AAy'oiu·''''m··... i!i ' ' , i ' ' ,J ' ' ,o,, 'b·iI: ' .'N ':o w,'" ,:"JC llIU LC U .,llill.l_ I • lia r . . ' - ' ~\r. ' "' I .1lit. . UI,~ 1,-_111 iii ~ iii.- I 0 !III _ !\.! 1'1 _. .. I D " 'i II '! " _!\r.'1IIIL.I_ I }llr~'lllr.", ._.!Ir. ,. _. __

p.n,m..,a f Je () ," , ",'p~]':;iIIi ,h',~'r'\9cil"·: .... rt. '_og;dJ," ' ' ' I iy.r:; '~g~n:;r;illi: ,e~,o,11'I~d, ' ,m a ke p rov isio nr :o ·.', II!" 1 I"....:' . .. ' ~~ ..:Oi n ls3'LI,~ . ,~, dl,T~, 3 '-d. ~"~. ,1.1.1__ yy.-!I;; i : J J O . y!, . ,I aK..~, . .1 UY ~. I 1 -' Il ,I,~~~'" -~ aU~II I"J II.

" -- _ I I T '- 'I l" " d ', b ''-- 'b l' . ; :'L a ' '-_ - '

f I ' ' roc- 'h i d -o .' , •• ' • • •• •• - ' • " '. , II: . . I . c" , • •• • ,.' ." I _ " : ii" ;".,. . ,: '. '. _ ' '- : " ". . . . '. ,.II _ " . I' "_':. i' .~',', " .. . .

p ,nva le secto r ,',50~ " 15 ISa, e :am ' e qu.esno.n~ . '.'ts 0 , p e O , P 'e are ,'.r t I. IS ,ancsome anI'IOa g " " a inS d ~ ' :a llso T i b ': : '1 ' :~L'!' v" 'ry ' -~,-c on t ro ee rsia l w eh ~I':r~ ' 00 '1 - ' . .. J i : :1"r: I't ~iI:" '"'''''1''it ,and~~ !\.! __ .JIIir. _ _~_. !I i. _ ~I! I ,_ ~ Lii) _.... I !\.?-U,. _iIllU''r-'\irlil~\ .WI ._ I\r., I ! Ii1l1" '! Ii ir . UJ~~~ U''''~IJ = . ~~.

: f i :nd .a , mluti.on. '.' - I' : f' - ' " . .;L..~,,-.IL ,-il-,- - -, ,.'., II,' -" ~-- ,.' C,- C~'" ;', b s " ,d land b ,-,'"I ' ~, -, - d 1'-' ind ",- ., ,- ,:- :nd,',ulln~, lucre 1S u_m_natlon.lUr JO $ an , G:tu, " ,ut tra ,c~ ,I_n"ustf.1CS an .

t:.._ .. .,n fl'" i . . 1 . _ \Vl 'L._." ",' ., ""ILPr o o l ,g : iu o n ~enaiess ••:Ie~us.w en a v e toincreaseon~o:rwmnesm mese Sect-OIS~

I ,~ ,~.

1 1" h oJ' " ch -B _ .11 t : L_Ilt ias greaterscope ana u gnresyou. m ore cnance, I'ut as'w e t"_', aeourchalle ns '-_-~ 'efo : -~ · , " -- , : ; '~- ' - -_~' : t : , , - , ,sched_!_iled_,~~rt"~ I:' ...• -.-=c'h __~ '-u~=.J 'm --c · 'b '~ ,*0, ' ·,S:MI1"Ql aI C , g e s D, ,,' re ,m_u .iI ,onY~J'oJ'!I,.o,,'" .W , , ~ ...... ~ 01. S, ,co leu ,.' ~~, '," " , '""",,, 'I.

~t_ - ~, ,- ,'( ,.r~ _ _'I' ...,L I' " ,", ,"~_II e: ,J _tneir IPtO,['EMIO.n mey ce q uire caP.ilGIJrunes.

rf e e ~ ,in,India; after-discussi :n:gth e ,problem,'w eIan find a solution, I also

fed,m3:Jtminoritie s shou ldD C .g iven lo ans o n lo ng -term cred it b asis,T. h , e : y, c a n"pay their loans ,in20..,2 "yiW"'S~ ,InteJe5,tra re sb ouldb e d e cre a s e dand. as a" - - ul '- ';;.:1 -., .. .... , ,. '~ :~ ~ -d d i IL 'b , ..IL ' .. 1.. f_ ; O . . ! L , T:"I! . . . ~11'rest ir, 'u~i"WUll not ': emanc JOOS ,,·ur:'men createJ0l,l ror om ers , , 1 . D e yW li try

t,~, ..... L ....L... ..., ~ , .. 1 - -_ '~III~ h 'II ~ JL I__ ,2 n 'b'to necom e ow n ers, ra meru i I i iL i , ] j ,l e ' m p ~ , Q y t e sW'lu 'W lD ,.@ I ,POime:u. .:t will not: .I.everv di"C l ,. ll~--I:c'-t' -:, :,,"II",I-:-,"'!'F'i'apthe monee from thebanL... and o ther ,6na:nctal_ "'- '' ' 'I ,l.U C U .:O !M ,r~""D _" ",,~e _o~~y _f .. ~ __ ...... CY~M ~~- -- "'~ ~- -~~- ,~,-

,U u t it u tiO D Sbu,t we h~v:eto think o n th e se :polnts seriously..0 \ . . . it _~ .~ .Jl ...~,,,,,"'~""~:·b·,~l ..... ,"" 'd l . . -d , j j t ; . Cinjb. ' a., ... ~" tL:~:.o;h did n.'.

LUi ,1."l.4UUJt:~·JD,tl·.· arso W . ,SID Y ,ut,. Ua-.ilt~ luy,saJ1n,guw ne 'w. ,~_O[

~ ' · l re ' . : -~Uy:md"li t'I; it, B ur '1! . . , ; j :II''ltM1.11'i:'~.Ji 'ijA S · ~ · Y 'lh:"'IV~'. 00 ' -·· 1u~~oe··.and work with patience ..

i ,~'~~,-" _~' ~'thl ' , , ;~JU ., ,",: u ~ b "

~,::~~u£~~'.'~:~'~~-~ · · ~ ~ d · ~ a 1 ~ '

r:;T"S~; ' - :h ·" ' -~u1"~dc ' - - ' ,~~- :L~

-; \WD[ [0 1 s ay." at our .£OU ,L,errrommmonnes, .'_ us u;,.. «,15,sno _ .not uc~ c . : . - ~ d .I ,..f;C ,' gh . " ' ; In 'g , "bur , . . 'L, 'ey... . . '~"Iir-; : " ' ~ o 1 i : ; , d ,, t ;o ,m ' :''m:n; ru" :n 'gc :" l"~'I! . . , 'o " ' p -""fA h '''Ii~iI'a .. ,:o..- t. '1 ! iftg , AiIIFHl" u l II '. I,Ll ., ... , 'III. .. iiU."';' ;ary,iLl! ... ,I[[ .. ' ,..1 , . ;4,,sn . . ,', WiL;; . 'ilLT"';' l. .. UlIl1.l.!L .,,;;

~~,Dl~d~..~ W e,~~e-t~l~~ ~O ~,ri~b,:T,h~~~':~,~'r-b;cb;i~b igb l ~ s i n ~also, Sometlmesit ·is because: ofD - u s i n . . , e s s m , e n , t h e m s e l v e sand., s om,e t . i .m t 'Sbecause:

f ~ 'I f ' , d ~ ,~ '.-h .. k, ~;L _ to . ~o circumstanees..'-~you,am:rea,Y"[O IUC tne ns: .w e:can.lcnang;e"u],escenano,T hose 'w hoMe: asking; for a job, t odaYJtheyw iUbe able'to gi .v,e :jobs 'to others,T h" , " 'M - ."'_i".. ~, .. .J '_ , .. " , .And 1 . do ,-,,_ '1 , _ _ , " '" ,· 'f I ' "i.ms W l_ _ b,marefliJjd8e'In a~ y Of rwo , ~ ,~ -~ ,piease ,_.0 nor t~ u as l, ;_,'am,h '. fj-:- ' 'b "~l'" f '- '. ' '. , "'L" '11' ~L k -~ ' , , 'y In g ' a w ay ',rom my resPO':Mt:'I lty 0; - g lv lng ,.J0 1 . 7 5 : .JJ 'want ~o say lUi ;a ;; t~ . : : ,. eep

h' 'b' -d' b ' ' 'd h 'h- I I_ .

r 'a 1 " . . . .'1 1

t at' process 0,0, ' Ut ,sf e'Y sf e ' we ,av'C to r.illtL '0,;: r e r. . n i l t lY \esW,3yS ~SO' . ,I w a n e :to ,S ; ;1,[ha t w,bemer',i[ 'is Khair lmjior ;any,orner p]a~c 'w,hcteVer

..t..,,, ~ " 'D " ' . .,~ " , " ," , , ,. .:1 : . .d ' ] d ""b , ', ~ . h' ~_u ,ereIS , a : rr,oc_ l ty:a _ g a ln S t ,- :a .t .,I U ,I~ie, IU Iec trll ce s or-mInori.Ues o r any or ;;,eri t~jOO~ hiliiii',.,_r".";i.,,. n , I i! ' 'j:!ij-jOO w,-~]t ""= ;~... ...a-" -"" ; ' ; ;0 -'n- : -1'I 'i";i ,E'","'1 iI'-r'1I"~li!fifiJn;ji! ~Ib'j;]'~rv'I"n , I tl !f .n-vi i id ' •J'I~~~iI"~:"''AT- , ·~WK.1i r.~ l ~1Ii.:1;V. '" Q:I! .",.~ _', ,II _. 'litl.K~ _"""'_~" ~ ... iii. 10. U'!I.:I 1l1liir.""r·~llil~,- J • ' . ilL.I'~J/: ~I~ e'=u"-' ~: 1_"!ir." l~lY~'_~·1!

Stare, g o v e r n . m e n t sa lsn h aven o : I les im-n,onon 'ch Is1 . S : S U l i ethey h 'aJ ,veaI'waysa c ~ e dfast!,W e :w i l l : t1rsta s k th e s r ,a 't ,c :,gover,nmcn:t,,ifthey Cln'~t do ,it. 'W ew in ,dDh ' , . ,T -I 'lh - :'~ ' - ' -d ',~;c~-:- nt ' h - - ; -'~I'-::: '~--d',~, "C;I'i-,-.-'t-, : -n '~L~S' ';... ....,'-,- 'W e- ,"'if;'--Jfi; , . , 'n t~n ' : - 't-n d 'n ,t:h ''•. ' "e JU '1,10],3,"1 ,', as mSO ,a...."e ,aC"IVCI.Y 0. I uU, ~.u,e., WI oIU,,,,", ~'"',iJ ',g I'....... 'U' !Ii,_~I"'"

d-fu l- ,n~',' ".. . ..~-''''=''---~__:_ ~

j

II

D-~I't M "" ,"',tv' 'f ' , ' '. ' . ' - , '( 'wI , ,: .. ,In.on';i ". m .pow er,m en .








3'6 ''01, , ;

S-·eedN •_ a ; ·· -- .· ~ ·.•· ·..~ · , '· ~ · ·· ·" la q ,V J .

'j[ ~ -_) bee - ,-~... A~-~, --,- , - -nt l ' f - '~ '7 ' . ; ;mL .-'-;' -,-_ i- . -n- ; - f i""L>" o tL ~iA~ _ 'whl;.I uau,een to ,11.. mea recem ~y. ,,L4 oaewe S o__e 0_ me COU_,_L_es m ,runC'a, U~,

its capira l a s H arare. T hereis:a ve~ b ig : andvery bea'U't i"~"W ateJ ; fa l l,mereknown as the Vicmria FalIS~W e W lfnJt there , in ':I. g r. o u p "A , s t a t u - i e :.i f DavldlT,..~-,;inl"L1'~0n---1: is-srand lne there, T hepeople ; i :n ,[g-~O~I'~lp-~ ~ ' - n - : ~ ~ ; r -- m - ~ I ~ _ J ]m e , t h i~i'" this ~ · s -~I'Y~, 1"IO---lIi.cU . I. ~lI. _... _"_ 0 II __~I .• ~~_\r.o r·~'-'·_·~['I!r. II~,I ... ..: I,~l yL· Il,.LIUl II CUI, ", .. l_RiL . __ JI. ll,

"D " id La '. t h h "d "til' ed h ' "Vi ' - - -: - 'f~"lls T h d""I· ,-!,., . V J ' . . . _ . . - . . '. '- ', - . "'W 0 . . . . '. ' . - - -' '! !! I' .- ., _. _ _. ,J '.- "<Ii' --"Fl'- [-"1 ' - . - - - " -"- .- ,- - - -, 'w . ', .I"" -1 . . . 1 ~ -- . I. I .' 1 . . l' -, ·IY.' - . l' ] ' - - ..I: I I I . I ,... -. I_ 3_l' .. - __.n g s [o n ~ , s ta tu e ,~_ _ :~ _ : a ,,1 :SCOe,_,__: t_ ,,_ e _~a"(),=~3j, ~~_,---\., =' . .! . le[jJ,V(:'r

L, b" 1 ~.. . . . . . .A l ~'I "il.. h ..1.' H id "N ' I 'n~ ld'NuO , ,:e,-0115,,",-Jto a,O~ mae w as aogry to hear 'y,HS., H e ,s m " '-- = _I( );, LF ilV l,

l .a 'v i n ,g s c D n l [ i,e v e r[discovered'Vic~oria,Blltn[ H ew asj u s t dlC first white' man,(0

- - .-- . 'h · _ _. - - -.-'F -~I] , - ,wh".. . .1 :- , - , -' "- ,t.. ,=--" - iL- : - -I- - t:- . - - -- - -~ -, - ,r ----- ".' -1 A ... ..,:L. :f j - , . , ,iIL~,.see n ese .,"aw"s ,w , nen we, Kllew ,3lILJOUt nom nme ammemonar, ,cu' Uleu"St wuu:emen w ho uwit fo:r[he' firstdme, m " 3 ! J 1Yoo ll se q - .u e n c e sfonowed.,F i r. s t l y ~because

_. '1 _

C .'B .. ~iL . 'l ~ 'II" d ,j ,.~ I'· lenr inth 1d iL. ~ LO :L".'fitiSfL colon iahs m a n tm pen an sm p,:reva ~en ;[in m ewo,r- at tnat time, m eP alls w ere nam ed a fter Q ueen. Vi,ctoria , w h odeclaredhe.rs~lfEtnperessl o f Ind l i a ,in ,195[8.,This' w a s ;the , p . s y c h e :behind the:Imperial colonialism 8ys,~m o f 'that- .- - . . -. -, .- ,. . .. :1': -T h ~--- .- ..J !--·-·~·.J --I'b . - --"C_},I-,- nd ,-- - --- 'I" ~ I- ' .-" .. . . .II·d· ' .".. :1 . . c - - , . JL. . I I - ,w--- ' ld:perJuu. , , ' iCY,~o.ptcu tuese. , I;CW San., ,as , 3 ; ,r.eswt; ~t WUI tO Ji .. ,to tue w,I:IJJ,~e" .} 'O 1 \ , . .. . ,

~'(- th €'- U '. . . . .L . 1 - h"c h - •. .. .. .,' 1~ .._ .J '\r: a. ·p.. .n ..'mat '.[ere 'was;a :m uin. ,SU[U-I , ;1,piece, 'W : I : -- 15 Uill,wylcto,na : ":alI.~,

'T h e F o r -e i,g n ,Ministerof I nd ia 'v . is i~ e d lChi.naIn : 1 .97 ' , 8 , .Y o u'willbesurprised" '-~. '1[ ., "7 ' .~' .' "~_'M "':"'-,A····,"(·~'IIB ~ h ; " [-'!' ''tl~I~'--- r . .•...;..,~ ' re '--J.. [M ·· · ·~ .~[" , . ., , ", - ,,, .,1 \-_ ." - .'1 ' "d . - ·-- ,- .~ ·C ~~1 '- ; -",0 ,tu;I,OW, ..".~ r. "d'lii.U ~ man v:aJpw ,w a s me w .orelgD , , .lOIS "e.r ..nen, . ,n 0 .Iun.a

1~ ,. ,. iL_

d h ..L

dial ~ pochreia n o n s w e retll a'V;entll ia sl, lap'e· there were n o .['illlom ~es' ·s o H -was'a n e ~ .....' ..,~:....:. _.. ~ ":,,,_. __ , _.._.l...::.....:._. ,', _"._ ':'_" ...::.._ :_:. I__ ',_,_:_.,:,~ :. _:_ ' ... ,, _ _ I..:. ..:_ --':-· ~'_ ,b '9"! !! !! ":-' _~ 'l _,._ .I- ._ ._ ~ _ I_ _:~,.. I_' ,I_, .. .:. . . :. :. .: .

'L t .." , ...: t_ b f" ~ ~11" .. ~ l. . .J ] '. ' • '1 d "" .'Ill"maK.iog 'VlSltMill a n um ~e,r.0 ' Joumwl:Sts In tne ce ,eptlo[_Ilmctuc~-ng:myseu ..1:u s e d l['0 g o ,for'such v is itsfrequently:Whe.n w e rea ch edthere, be:bad ,just oneth ~ - - ,'!" , ~ ,~- .:~. rd : t..--'.' It· - ·t· i. " ,'-b - · " " ', - ,- : : :" - .' '- ,.• ' .. - - ,L__..,.". '. 'C h ' ..• , . ... . . d ''Vi - .. -In,g sn nun I' ,n iQrW d} s,ap I" e Im,mln~J:l,!Ii.,war !x" ~t~en " ,_ ,Ina ann v iernam ..'Ifh e succeed s Int h e :venture,m e 'credit' w o u l d !gu e oI n d i ; LB ut without 'teUing,...l. ... IC ,- '- - -:h · ." "'- _ . . ,- - .. - ~,r. , . . . I : , . .- - . .~'\l~.· ".'-,; . [' 1[" '.' - .· b · · " 'T " h - -' ,d ~ . ~ , ~I lj'l] ~ h - .. ,~1~'I 'd ~ ' ~tnem, '. c' , una atracaea v iernam onenlg 0 (;~ ,il, re [:_c~,egauon,lICIt· a u m uia te _ 'a n aII~l".. ,.' ~ . J ! " ,_'I t: -H ' - 'v ..... '. Il " d 'L 'L.~ 1- '1'.1'.',~c:tt' :lm m tuU ttb Y ' ror ., ,:o.n ,g, [ V. J n g :m a sueman ne an :: ,men came:o a C R .to ID,ui3l..I though t o f going to the [ C h in e se ' M in is tryto enquireabout the:'w,axbut'' w a s":, -;-1'1~., e d -- ,- ,C_~'I;..[--", T h e n I '· - - -'- ',. -'- [- '-'B " " --"- ,~' k" -~~::-L. - -- I : - , 'VI-" : :' S -A '_ - 'a n d ,.JL, -i---nor auowee to go mrmer. s r lent!! went to aug. OK, aner t. g ,ot '.,' ...ana menM:QYcd,C OViemam,

I. W ,~··"le 'n'-MI'I 'i" 'T';- 'I~Y"'I 'liM!:l"if"o.:m-'""?_,Ja " H a n o i Thee , . 'oo·_..· · ,k- , .m .,A '1 1 ', ., . . .~L.,.. !i i :O'_1ni'm io .1lI'•• ' l [ i 'MIi,---:il_T ', _._.~ "IA.I,lWlLt~I, w~_~ __' nl _I_~ _ ' ~ ,"~ ,I_ . , , .t~1 ~ _. _ ,_._~ ~u m~ l~"-'r' __=_,_ .~ 'b . _~-¥eJjll! ,J L

wi tnCS$- -edme:n a J i d e ;a'("L o n g , ; o s . h o n g . ,China ,had.a:tta,dtooa n . dthe people w e re::at ease,m e , r e . ,l had n.ever,seenfu'rces at:m ' e 'front .s o ha,ppy~I saw someth ingth e re a n d ,'wrote a n .:micle,.I a m r-e U l n gyou,a,, m e d i a , . ~ s t o r y. , ' T h i s.isnot a ;, t a l eofCh~na and 'Vietnam It w as a 'faerb u t a s -c ontrn nt' fam " " '-ex:~mtion t f f i l a t[on'.:_', , ,~_., ,_. l__.} _:__:___.. ,:,l, __ ...:·_,.: __ I .. . '. . ._ _ , ,~ _ . ~ :' ,_ "_ . _ _ ~ ~ _ '.' , _ _ ' ~ ,~ .,I ,':"_"'~Il ._ _ .. - ':Y . _ .r-'~~_,.'.'~. I, ,,1 .. . ',' . ~., "

9 2










38····· '',","

, .

RamC "h d 'p. . . . . ; " , . " , . , 'I ' ' . , . ' .'. ," .1 ,an, . ra , ...asw an,

A t th ls co nference,representa tives ,&a ,m,'90 coun nies a re: a m ong stiUS.Theser, .Qonl" .QL ' \ I I Ion '~ ' [ '; ~ " ' _ ':"I iirQ, c l jo"m,d .' :1 '"~'~n'I[-' '~I~ '''';1 nd.l re e io n s Insuch'. a ' b ·"1 : 'g .''~'i~Le·...i;n-' 1 ~ . '-''-"It."'" ~1'-ilM.~ .. ·\:;a,_",I:,. '--1! ~,~ I('~. . . " -, ·He.il''-r. "_ l.l1~.l1L-,"""'" 11IIj..I,1, . _- - . r r- t ._JJ..i]J. ,",_"_' ~..:. __ ,_. _ _:. I':'" _[.:_:. ~UI/.-. ,Il.~,' .o_g'~1

w e' h aveg:o '[ :an oP'Perrunh:yto sh areour views,I w'ishto te'~1you on. t th l soccasion m . a ' c 'nOithingIs .1acking~not''tile,l e a d e r sor ' th e p o . ~ i c i e s tw e have :i t~1exeeprgood.in te ntio n .. Yo u h a v,c:see n so m a nylau:lersofdalle and minoritles~_'I~-'~"n·'g,·,~, " ' ,b- :""'U'~"iI"h ' ' ' 'n f ' O '" 'b-· · l- ." " ·m ~iL -" ' lng· 'c,.,..., ; i l id· 'b v ,,:,:L;iI;ii"i" ......... 'i.-,----,_ ineludj,-.-,~ M .',-(-'11:"--,-,-,itaJ!K1. " '1 II._,#,_IIl .!Ii ;' ,,.. r '_ ,l "'"", ., ,~ pe:", .., :ra~ c.' ";: m , ,. .~n' y QUSCS) .J1C,tU .·.~.Dg, .c,usnms..,T he problem' w i t h ,the: pf,;n,[a nd e le ctro nic,m,cdl i :a ,,IS' dha ' t :'mere~is :W'Lty l i tde

,p r,e sencc o fdalits: am.dmlnorities in th e m ed ia ,The h~3.d ,e ' rsh; .p ',ofdalitsandm inorities h as a lsonot paid,attentian to this , I l e c e & s i t y ; ,,A new m ed ia ,wiD beIaunched but not only ro tU,$~r.1trner'a m~i~, 'wh.ich,wiU talk 'fddy @o.u~~

everyone. 'TiU mal t m edia com es,there 'w ould 'beno one [11 project yOUl'

viewooinr ~f-some O " ' D & ! ! 'does (:'t'!I; his voice W "i l l not 'be'L e t """0' reach the h l e h e r~·n·,r~,·lL~ -il . lJ .1 .3u 1,1 . ";" ':; '.~ . ' . . ~ '.~ ~ ~.;j.~ I_W "~ 'V :_~ ,_,_.. ,~o_:~ ~ ': ': '0 1 _ .. . . ~ " '~ '&!lr.Q:~ .. ,,1 1; ~ ..:_ ~,& II . . ."i1

' U , p s . ,I r is :'the a : g " e ·o f , m r o i aand even :an-er six,tyyear.so f:i 'n d C ! p e n d e n c e '~ w e, sd~1 .only MI~ll~Fii'ig' about ' i '~,j!i ,"i'''i~C''~it'iIP' ' i ' ,h; ,~, -~ i i ! i ; t' · - '- . - ; '~ ,Ithe d,~'I~", .." ," ·d . " ,;~ ,'>, ,.,,,,:'- '_ 'D ' · ' ·d : 'th e'Ii.;!!,IU, ! .Q_~_l~Jh""gJJU" , "U ,,-, ~'A~~lu!,o !,.' .... S I Ii .; R ,U S 0 , me .. auts anc m monnes. .,l , U i i 1 3 :

dalirs and m inorhy peoplenor participare in the strU ,~ efo r ,&eedo,m",w h e n'F 'h-#1'00- ' -'-'-u: n"I(tv' ~.:MI,.~'nnr i n d '''' ' 'P ' . ..'nd··p~rt') A ft· ~''P[ !!'n m "'i1'A'f'.'y '1.. .... iN'~ not ;if"i;'ll"l-'y"~ ;L , . .. . "~Ie~ -I"S1Ii_,"_, .. _ _ ' __ '/ T'1fiikJ . I~ , ., ;/ .l " '. [ '_i i i . . _",- ; .i l . . _""dll,~ _iii,', '_ J'~ ,~ _'_~.'~.. " ~~t. " .U!L Y=_~,,: IU~", U~~~~J '.. ..

't -_,1 -='111= L= ~Ib.d"-~~ d "' '" .. J ] b h d~ ~utue 'i~iK: :lOOU'f'me ,-:~~['an' :mIno:ruy deve tOpmenlJ , c:Ut even t' "e , ' iScusslon:son the jSSl!J :Care beIng ,ignored ..W ehad demanded,in the: lladiam,ent. fOrQ ,

su;rvq ofthe ,percen,m,le ofminorities and daliss ,~ nthe at,my., :H :o woouldkn ' l : J<wabout these num bers, When soldiers are k :U le din a, w,ar~ then the

i, L.~ f' . .1... 'kili'!I_..lI! . . . ~I ...L da['i...:ll '" " clrnaxunum ill umoers Q. mose _"'.n;u u~wong to w,e ; ' . '.n: ana, nun,ooty .: asses,'Thennmber o f su ch ,m a rtyrs' ishigh bUll: th e recruitment ,IS very ,~OW' & o e m'th,e'two classes

'T he ,num ber ofdali'ta nd m in oritie s, i~njudi,clary is also '¥errlow;,Dalirs

a nd , m in orities a renot : p r e £ e r r e d .in a,ppoincments'to

the' judiciary ..ReservadonIs the need of thehour in,th i s arena,The : p ,F{ lb , i em,of promotions existsandtha' bacl~,l.;:"'1og-is'·P - - - " ,. .len ~ evervwhAiil')di T '~":" p-- , . . . , l ,dI 'J"O-·L= 11 '1~ '1_ ,~"Ill\! ']it;;:i 'T';"i n,d: I '(itoavendo ''.iIl'\iI .: ~'l!rI:iUt'I!J _:" 11_. ~ : ._ .[ I !. J\ r. .T, ,, II ._ , , . .!I i . ,'1&-'" \r_.. .J ·r~· ... 1 '1 i i r.o l l ' l i i r l i,1AJW. ell... J : '._ " US 1- _ K . C :-"'a.~,-- a~~.· I . - -'I i.i . '.~IU: - I -.1.

etc, a reglv1ent - O 'd alir a nd,minority ~'J but . h . i g h e rposts ave k ePit'V3X:afit.

Reservae ion isVe":[Ym uch th ere.bu t rheypre tendmat the daHrs:and.minoritiesdo not qualifyfof'maJor,~ ty of pos ts'Of ' th e y ,s im p lydon't a p p , l y ;Ev~n ,~fth.eapplicationiSi ,rece.~v:edi, i , tis :thrown in th e:bin on one Of other p re te xt, 'Itis:'[0

O·· . ;o] . l ;~ t"M .· IH: i"Q'[~hJ' Em~'1.'l!r'i"ljm . ," ""tjI;'F, .. ,R; .iI..,' "_, ~!I" . .. . , , : 11 " ' 1 ' "I~·~.!"I!;,oI" !~I,!I!L,

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b e seen w h eth er [h e 'va rious d epa rtm entsin '[h egovt;rnmen['3R'1m,plemenong..L, " , , ,t , , C', ,J,,,"~::',' ,'" 'i t , · '" ""d," ,0 ' " B "'C ': ' "c l ' " . . ':1,',: i , " , " , , ' ,, 'm e reservatien rorQaU~I' mlnoruyan._ ,_ ,'., ,' ._e: , _ _ asses ,~na ,properm . a n n , c . £ ~ ,

0" ,'r ' IH" , ' ' ': ', · " ,'M ,"" ,·in:" " r m da . c , ," ;"~,~ th . '"" h 'l' "D'·:~I:", A > ' " ,', '"'~c A'""" ,, ' i llb ec . u , " .IODlJ: c, .", .. 1 S t e ~tQuaya s s u re a I ~ " a r .m e .,mit ,ttocItu:s; "ct W I · ,ne

~ " . 'I ' . " "" d ""1 '~'fth "' " . "" d J ' d m ' , rh" ."I . _-' _.. '. _. ! _.[ .. _ [_", ._" '"'. ., .. 1. _. I _'_'. I "_"'I .. '. _, ."_ '_'. [ .. _ '. _ ",I! .. I I I _ ,". _

Imp,.c:mcnt,c':,p , r n , p e r.:y .,t;ViCn.l,

tnestate governments~!onoit_o~,,~at,~te c e n t r e,,'~l~,_,:,",1 ,_,~, ' .",' ,'," , ,," ,,-,: ",' ,f" ""it A :," ,hit ," ,","_1-, utld 'b'", , "'~'~"-',-"~) , " ~IL", "','r ~'f':WI.I. ~, p o ,ro p er c are0, ,~, ,-, W"I.",! p a . p e , [~.Q' ... _;, ,~,~ ~I~ Q ,nIDf! a c _ ; J,I_;

f'Il"fl .•'~'~, .,.. ' , · ·t 'i'; . .n .. . . ,. ,'t " ,";L.~~, '" "'b " ,:: ' ,- ", :,, .. ... ..~ , ,,',",' ; '" , : ' '",'I t ~ J L . , ' ; '",~.~'Ib[~ :-I'·~ti!""" ,r-,p~e resor ,",0 ,re~m,g UIIS ac"" " ,rany5 L.Q.~L governm.en. m e n ,S U I ,L a D lea con'b mit "th T h r ~ da n dar Imusteeta cen ,agaJ_DSt;;enl"L ;;e re a reP O , Ic e s ta n o n snam eu anerc / " I T: S "In,

th ,.'.ik-."",'i."","" ," 'C , ,. . . '~ :- ,- ,~ '" ,=~'~~~ J = H ' ~ , ~ "'i'~- "I , - ' ] ': - , 1 ~ ~ '- - ,~ , -~ . '" " I . . ,- ,~ . -'L~",",~t:_e 1LA..5lfilllng U],cy were, l.4I.IlCll ,',. ar., IJan po.1CC,r~f10fiS" wn l'LU, were CI.lilJ'uti'"u,

a~"1'" prof l<_f ' , i l "'S 'O ' . .,1 . .a o oli . . . .""it'"i'...,rrio nS 9 V; C ' tb " 'U'["'w 'h " ,0 'lII'r:<IIi th...'I ''n '-"h"l ,3rnfF o f Ili'L-m')'~Jl'-w, ::,::': ~'~~."-"""~ U11~;r·~'.. i~~I~~h.~':.·I .. _~ \..A_~_~I. . :" .: . .' .:. :, .. .. .:' I'" c Y.1 ~ 1 . _: ·;I ~" ._I~I ~'--II i - ,D~:': . 't._I:~r'--~:I_l.:

T h rh o ' f fi C ' - : -lals f ]C" b " raJ"1 l ~ i, S O '", '. '. . "", ,"'" ,,'. '" " " ' '1 I' ,,' - " ,-"" " 'n- , " ,'," I" ' ",', ,,' n' ,,'"'" l' ',' , ' ,, " ,~', . '." I ,~ .- . ~l. . . . _ ',.' -. '. . ". " -" ." , _ .' _" I " - I' • I I··_ '. . .' I' '.,' . I .-. ' I . _' -.: . . . " . _~e rareme same omciau rrom me ,ge_~c_,_po__ce statlo_,_Sj~""it 1 5 ,nme [0· " " w h "h II " r h b a l e ' ' ro" ' ' i j~ftC 'f'"th ;• . .I.' . . • .; -. . ' .•_ .• '. -..' • _ I J. .' • ,- , -. • L " ti ; 1- 'I, . . -' . . 1• -.' . I, - •'.' ,-. . -' .; I .• - I . -,' I 'I ~'. . - ." -' . . .' 1-' 1 I.'nltmiSpe"ct"...' ,ct '.c:r a SUlcere ~ l!t,tem pt , ,a s, .' een ("en..' '.' ,r , up" I '. men.t.0 .' cdalijta n d .m~n.o'r i t i~~, m e r e l ydeHve;,ing, s , p e e r o e si s :no t ,g o i'n g 't ,omake :anyd i f F e r e n c c ' ; oO ur' people are not even. g etting aPOSt ( l , r , p e a n ,in ,, s e a r c h .of s u c h a"

m [ea ger post h e'ru ns fro mpUla.n:to posts, l ,01510gI n nu m e m o \ie :p a J rof.his;~hoes~Th '.''.'[l..~;-, n~:,'L-:""~I::1 ::--,:- 'c ~ -.' .... - ,-"-~r ;~f~.~.. ~ ·c,-.~ :-~i'/: '1:'" A ' " ~ - '+ , ~ : " - : ~ ~· l · ' .~ · fc : " , - , " ,C ,i'r-.·_,__e.reU ~ _O t.~ l iW. ya tt:em ,pc.L Up_operco ilJ lJ JaQ _s ..,t l!UeC¥ento_lurmatIOn

,of'a,onvemment' :~ n: B i h m rwe 'w e r e i fl l'l ,i ,t ,e d .'to ' 6 0 \ m 1 ,a U . l PA ,eovernment ,T h e r e :. . D~ '!. _._. . ~ _ -_ .;II . . '" _ . . ._ . - . . . . . . . ~ -. . . .11 a· . . 1.. ••• .l ••• !f I.. •••

w ~re at tet :npts:lUI dm.deus, bUlt 'we put a cond i ticnthat th e U ,PA governmen.t:,could only ,ro,rm,if'a t ,M u d im leader from 'U PA , ,is ',d & t,:ed a s,ch i1 ! fnUrUster~,Everyonetalksab o u t. th erigbts of M : w .tim s an d . ,d lW i,{ :S ,..b ut 'when ,' m e r eis a "r e a loppor£uni.ty'for them, to ' b e 'IclectedltheyMe' .not oblipcL A t:that moment

h" +. S · 1 i' • h II~ ..L ... !L," d

[ e v e r y 'one serves IS own mterese, So, J lWiS.' 'to re~~,y o n W 3 t:"L U _1lS ' ~ '.'".conkrena.e' is not hist :for OD,e'ccmmunire one stare Of' a ceuntrv 'out {h.e'." . ' ". " " ,. ' . , " , '~ ' '" , ," . ." . . " . , ' . . . ., ~ " ," ' . '" . I" " " .,I". ......./ .'"" I. "'.

yiboleworldis getting a message~ ;am e s s a g e 'whiChis ,'bound to create a,sensadon.The grnndeur ~ft'h isc o n f e r e n , c e ''w iU keep incneasingday'by d a Y 'l i k e :a,: p i e c e'ofs i lk'i'~JII sh' , ]". 'D. 'e,"0." 'If ,"" ''~b:l"C', 'hIn'c·r~C'~ ,~I~ i ;[ " ,b , e " . r :. . . . . .m ,~~oldera n d,~I~~~,~ l .. U ~ t'l! ii-~ . .. .l. ".: ..... , 1_... Il~ ~ II ... ~v _ ,\nJ.I 1 I i J . ! . .e a.LIL VJIU.~I .•

I'J.:L_.. ".. _ . _ r.AiI':--.1.l._, l,~.It1·!I!i,,.rll!~ LIIIrJ;41J"_~'

DaJi:t~,MiIlOd:tvEmporwef,mcn:t~ ~~I_' .197

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Dalit and Minority Empowerment