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Dansk Brodag 2006 Fra Lillebælt til Messina Lars Hauge Director, COWI. Storebælt, East Bridge. Stretto di Messina. Messina Strait Crossing Basic Considerations. Stretto di Messina S.p.A. was established in 1981 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Dansk Brodag 2006
Fra Lillebælt til MessinaLars HaugeDirector, COWI
Storebælt, East Bridge
Stretto di Messina
Messina Strait CrossingBasic Considerations
Stretto di Messina S.p.A. was established in 1981
The current financial arrangement based on no direct contribution from the Italian State was approved in 2004
Shareholders : Fintecna 68,8%; Rfi 13 %; ANAS 13%; Calabria Region 2,6%; Sicily Region 2,6%
Tendered as Design-Built based on a reference design
Depreciation of at least 50% after 30 years of concession
Budget
bn €Total 4.43Superstructure 2.23Landworks & Foundations 1.66Design & Supervision 0.43
Organisation
Stretto di Messina SpA
ATI Impregilo
COWI(Design Suspension Bridge)
Sund & Bælt Partner
Dissing + Weitling
Buckland & Taylor
Ben C. Gerwick
Messina Bridge
Pre-bid Investigations
Technical Studies (December 2003 – January 2004):
Global FE-model (IBDAS)
Articulation of the Bridge Structure
Optimisation of the Cables
Optimisation of the Towers
Optimisation of the Bridge Deck
Review (April 2004):
Review of Tower Foundations
Review of Anchor Block Foundations
Messina Bridge
Bid Design to be carried out for:
Suspension bridge with 3,300 m main span
On land: 20 km roadway (13 km in tunnel) and 20 km railway (18 km in tunnel)
Toll station
Contract Documents:
24 Preliminary Design drawings (2004)
250 informative drawings (1992)
125 specifications, test reports etc. (2 m3)
Italian and Euro Codes
Messina Bridge
Tender Design of Suspension Bridge comprises:
Structural design of substructures incl. foundation models
Structural design of superstructures incl. global IBDAS model
Design of secondary structures and systems (wind screens, service lanes, access facilities, pavement, rails, expansion joints, bearings, buffers etc.)
Basic studies (design basis, seismic, aerodynamics, risk analyses, runability, safety and comfort analyses etc.)
O&M incl. LCC and RCM
Technological systems (management & control system, electrical and mechanical installations, structural monitoring system, anti-sabotage facilities etc.)
Messina Bridge
TENDER EVALUATION MAX ATI IMPREGILO
ASTALDI
Price 45 45
Finance 5 5
Organisation 15 13,5
Technical % Aesthetic 15 15
Use & Maintenance 10 9,6
Construction Programme 5 5
Sub-contractors 5 5
Total 100 98,1 52,5
The crossing of the Strait of Messina
Challenges:
The world’s largest suspended span of 3300 m
Road as well as rail traffic
Triple box concept for the deck
Seismic
Wind
Design life 200 years
Messina Bridge
Global IBDAS Model - Geometry Model
Messina Bridge
Messina
Akashi Kaikyo
Great Belt
Humber
Jiangyn
The Great Suspension Bridges
Messina Bridge
Suspension Bridges - Top 10:
Span Year Location
Messina 3300 Italy
Akashi Kaikyo 1991 1998 Japan
Great Belt 1624 1998 Denmark
RunYang 1490 2005 China
Humber 1410 1981 UK
Jiangjin 1385 1999 China
Tsing Ma 1377 1999 Hong Kong
Verrazano Narrows 1298 1964 USA
Golden Gate 1280 1937 USA
Höga Kusten 1210 1997 Sweden
Messina Bridge
Triple Box Concept for the Suspended Deck:
Main elements: cross girders spacing 30 m
Secondary elements: two longitudinal roadway girders and one central railway girder spanning between the cross girders
Messina BridgeMono-, twin- and triple deck concept
Messina Bridge
Triple Box Concept for the Suspended Deck
Messina Bridge
Suspended Deck:
Steel quantities - total 62,500 tons:
- Cross girders: 22,000 tons- Roadway girders: 29,500 tons- Railway girders: 11,000 tons
Steel quality: S355 (32%) / S420 (14%) / S460 (54%)
Fatigue governing for design: for the roadway girder detailed analyses using a local IBDAS-model concluded that 16 mm deck plate and 7 mm trough stiffeners are required to obtain 200 years design life
Save weight: 1 ton less in deck 1 ton less in cables and related savings in towers and anchor blocks
Min. plate thickness roadway girder: bottom plate 8 mm and trough stiffeners 5 mm
Messina Bridge
Aesthetics
Severe impact from seismic loading
Aerodynamic behaviour
– Vortex shedding
Optimise thickness/stiffeners
Tight construction schedule
– Fabricate/Erection 100.000 ts. in 24 month
Towers - Key Issues
Messina Bridge
Towers:
Steel structures
48,500 tons steel S460 per tower
Top level at +382.6 m
Leg dimensions 20 x 12 m
ULS seismic load combination governing for the tower legs
Plate thickness in tower legs 30-85 mm
Messina Bridge
Weight (166.000 ts)
Availability of cable steel(World production capacity 3-4years)
Stiffness (1:11)
Erection time, how to erect 166.000 ts in 12 m (14.000ts/m - Great Belt 4.000 ts/m)
Corrosion Protection 200 years service life (by dehumidification)
Cables - Key Issues
Messina Bridge
Main cables:
Sag to span ratio fixed to 1:11
Twin cables spaced 1.75 m – i.e. total of 4 cables required
PPWS-method
One cable: 324 strands each consisting of 127 Ø5.33 mm wires - i.e. totally 41148 wires - outer diameter 1.20 m
153,000 tons - fu = 1860 MPa
77% of cable force comes from dead load
Wires can reach 22 times around the World
Messina Bridge
Bridge Main Span
Cables(ts)
Bridge Girder(ts)
TowerSteel (ts)
TotalSteel (ts)
Ratio
Lillebælt Bridge (DK) 600 m 4.100 13.800 Concrete 17.900 1,1
Askya Bridge (N) 850 m 3.100 4.200 Concrete 7.300 0,4
Höga Kusten Bridge (S) 1.210 m 6.000 11.000 Concrete 17.000 1
Great Belt Bridge incl. Approach Br. (DK)
1.624 m 20.000 76.000 Concrete 96.000 5.6
Akashi Bridge (J) 1.991 m 56.000 82.000 50.000 186.000 10,9
Chacao Bridge (Chile) 2x1.100 m
10.000 19.000 Concrete 29.000 1,7
Messina Bridge 3.300 m 166.000 66.500 100.000 332.500 19,5
Messina Bridge
The bridge is a flexible structure
Deflection mid-span (SLS) (Vertical 4.3m/Horizontal 13m)
large movements (+/- 5.9m)
pronounced wear of e.g. expansion joints
repair and replacement
interruption of the traffic
discomfort for the bridge users
Articulation - Key Issues
Messina Bridge
Solution:
Introduce a system of devices that prevents movement at normal operation conditions but during severe load conditions such as earthquake will allow movements of the girder and will be able to dissipate energy
Messina Bridge
Buffer system:
Acts as a damper combined with a spring
Reduces the maximum movement of the deck in seismic load comb.
Blocks longitudinal movements for buffer force < 10 MN
Messina Bridge
Deck free at towers
-0.400
-0.300
-0.200
-0.100
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0 50 100 150 200
Time (s)M
ov
em
en
t o
f th
e e
xp
an
sio
n j
oin
ts a
t th
e t
erm
ina
l s
tru
ctu
res
(m
)Sicily Calabria
Suspended deck free at towers:
Accumulated yearly expansion joint movements due to repeated longitudinal movements of the bridge girder for trains passing the bridge would be 65 km
Excessive wear of the expansion joints
Impossible to achieve a reasonable life time of the expansion joints
Discomfort for bridge users and unreasonable maintenance costs
Messina Bridge
A bridge with buffer system:
The buffer force is limited to 3 MN during passage of a freight train
Longitudinal movements are limited to the movements from local deflection of the towers and the bridge deck.
The accumulated yearly expansion joint movements for train traffic is reduced to 1.6 km
A long life time of the mechanical components is secured and comprehensive reductions of maintenance costs are achieved.
-0.008
-0.006
-0.004
-0.002
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0 50 100 150 200
Time (s)
Mo
ve
me
nt
of
the
ex
pa
ns
ion
jo
ints
at
the
te
rmin
al
str
uc
ture
s (
m)
Sicily Calabria
Buffer system at towers included
Messina Bridge
Angle of attack
Internal wind screen on
roadRailway wall
Aerodyn damping ζa
54 m/s
Aerodyndamping ζa
75 m/s
FlutterUc m/s
Deck rotation at
75 m/s
-40
00
+40
yes yes6.0%3.0%7.0%
6.5%5.9%
10.3%
> 103 116> 103
4.0%
SdM accept criteria 2% 1% 75 m/s
Wind Tunnel Test, Section Model
Messina Bridge
Soil Improvement
Seismic
Construction Schedule
QuantitiesAnchor Blocks
Sicilia: 315.000 m3Calabria: 220.000 m3
Foundation - Key Issues
Brobyggerdagen 2006Messina BridgeBrobyggerdagen 2006Messina Bridge
Messina Bridge
Anchor Blocks
Sicilia: 315,000 m3 concrete
Calabria:220,000 m3 concrete
Messina Strait BridgeMessina Strait Bridge
Messina Strait BridgeShear stresses along the surfaces of the anchor block.Messina Strait BridgeShear stresses along the surfaces of the anchor block.
3
2
4
1
Messina Strait BridgeMessina Strait Bridge
Messina Strait BridgeMessina Strait Bridge
Messina Strait BridgeMessina Strait Bridge
Messina BridgeMessina Bridge
Messina BridgeMessina Bridge
Load case Sicilian tower foundation Calabrian tower foundation
safety factor
settlement horiz. displace
ment
safety factor
settlement horiz. displacem
ent
mm mm mm mm
SLS2
>1.8 80 25 >1.0 30 45
ULS
>3.7 70 55 2.0 40 75
SILS
>1.8 90 65 >1.2 40 50
MessinaKey Dates for Tender
28 Oct 2004 Invitation to Tender for General Contractor (3 groups)
18 Apr 2005 One month postponement of Tender Submission
25 May 2005 Submission of Tender for General Contractor (2 groups)
12 Oct 2005 Temporary award to ATI Impregilo (Opening of Financial Prop.)
24 Nov 2005 Final award to ATI Impregilo
Dec 2005 Filing of Claims by the Astaldi group
Jan 2006Filing of counterclaim by ATI Impregilo
08 Feb 2006 Court Meeting no 1 : the tribunal requests 1 month postponement
08 Mar 2006 Court ruling : PdM are allowed to continue with signature
27 Mar 2006 Signing ceremony
Messina BridgeThe Future
Future Services:
Progetto Definitivo (180 days)
Approval Phase (max 540 days)
Progetto Esecutivo (120 days)
Construction (approx. 2007-2012)
Messina BridgeStaffing
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Date
CO
WI S
taff
ing
Messina Bridge
Dansk Brodag 2006
Fra Lillebælt til Messina
Messina Strait BridgeMessina Strait Bridge
Strabag
Bouygues
Dragados
Consorzio Risalto
Baldassini
Tognozzi
(Mott)
(Cleveland Bridge)
Strabag
Bouygues
Dragados
Consorzio Risalto
Baldassini
Tognozzi
(Mott)
(Cleveland Bridge)
ATI IMPREGILO
IMPREGILO
Condotte d’Acqua
CMC
Sacyr
Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries (IHI)
Consorcio Stabile
(COWI)
(IN.CO)
ATI Astaldi
Astaldi
Impresa Pizzarotti
CCC
Grandi Lavori Fincosit
Vivanini Lavori Ghella
Maire Engineering
Nesco Entrecanales Cubiertas
Ferrovial Agroman
Nippon Steel
(Chodai)
Strabag