Dante Divine Comedy F 2009

8/19/2019 Dante Divine Comedy F 2009

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DanteDante The Divine Comedy The Divine Comedy


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Dante's LifeDante's Life

Born in Florence in 1265; died inBorn in Florence in 1265; died inRavenna in 1321Ravenna in 1321

Met Beatrice circa 1274Met Beatrice circa 1274 Married Gemma Donati in 1289Married Gemma Donati in 1289 Elected rior !"i#"e$t ma#i$trate% aElected rior !"i#"e$t ma#i$trate% a

2 mont" &o$t' in 13((2 mont" &o$t' in 13(( E)iled *rom Florence in 13(2E)iled *rom Florence in 13(2


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Literary WorksLiterary Works

De Vulgari EloquentiaDe Vulgari Eloquentia% on t"e ori#in and% on t"e ori#in anddevelo&ment o* lan#+a#edevelo&ment o* lan#+a#e

De MonarchiaDe Monarchia% on &olitical t"eor,% on &olitical t"eor,

ConvivioConvivio% +n-ni$"ed% a com&endi+m o*% +n-ni$"ed% a com&endi+m o*.no/led#e.no/led#e Vita NuovaVita Nuova% l,ric &oem$ and commentar,% l,ric &oem$ and commentar, CommediaCommedia % d+00ed% d+00ed The Divine Comedy The Divine Comedy inin

t"e 16t" cent+r,% /ritten *rom 13(721t"e 16t" cent+r,% /ritten *rom 13(721

Relate$ a $,m0olic &il#rima#e t"ro+#" ell%Relate$ a $,m0olic &il#rima#e t"ro+#" ell%+r#ator,% eaven +nderta.en 0, t"e+r#ator,% eaven +nderta.en 0, t"e-ctitio+$ &il#rim Dante 0e#innin# t"e-ctitio+$ &il#rim Dante 0e#innin# t"eevenin# 0e*ore Good Frida,% 13((evenin# 0e*ore Good Frida,% 13((


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BackgroundBackground

Dante /roteDante /rote The Divine Comedy The Divine Comedy /"ile in e)ile d+e to "i$ involvement/"ile in e)ile d+e to "i$ involvement/it" a &olitical &art, t"at critici:ed/it" a &olitical &art, t"at critici:edt"e corr+&tion o* t"e &o&e Dantet"e corr+&tion o* t"e &o&e Dante0elieved t"at an em&eror $"o+ld0elieved t"at an em&eror $"o+ld

#overn aair$ o* t"e $tate /"ile t"e#overn aair$ o* t"e $tate /"ile t"e&o&e$ &o/er $"o+ld 0e con-ned to&o&e$ &o/er $"o+ld 0e con-ned toreli#io+$ aair$reli#io+$ aair$


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Literary InfluencesLiterary Influences


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ContentsContents

"e Divine Aomed, i$ an acco+nt o* "e Divine Aomed, i$ an acco+nt o*Dante?$ o/n o+rne, t"ro+#" t"eDante?$ o/n o+rne, t"ro+#" t"ea*terli*e !"ell% &+r#ator,% and &aradi$e'a*terli*e !"ell% &+r#ator,% and &aradi$e'

e i$ #+ided 0, t"e Roman &oet >ir#ile i$ #+ided 0, t"e Roman &oet >ir#il!1$t c BA' and later 0, Beatrice!1$t c BA' and later 0, Beatrice

"e o+rne, in$&ired 0, and directed "e o+rne, in$&ired 0, and directed

to/ard Beatrice% t"e eart"l, love o*to/ard Beatrice% t"e eart"l, love o*Dante?$ ,o+t"Dante?$ ,o+t" o+rne, to/ard $alvation o+rne, to/ard $alvation


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Structure in Multiple Layers of Three toStructure in Multiple Layers of Three to

Symbolie the Trinity!Symbolie the Trinity!

"ree G+ide$ "ree G+ide$1 >ir#il% $,m0ol o* "+man rea$on &oetr,% t"ro+#"1 >ir#il% $,m0ol o* "+man rea$on &oetr,% t"ro+#"Cn*erno +r#atorioCn*erno +r#atorio2 Beatrice% "i$ &+re "+man love% t"ro+#" mo$t o*2 Beatrice% "i$ &+re "+man love% t"ro+#" mo$t o*aradi$oaradi$o3 @t Bernard de Alairva+)% a 12t" cent+r, contem&lative3 @t Bernard de Alairva+)% a 12t" cent+r, contem&lative

mon.mon. ritten in vernac+lar Ctalian in ter:a rima !a0a% 0c0% cdc%ritten in vernac+lar Ctalian in ter:a rima !a0a% 0c0% cdc%etc'etc'

33 canto$ in eac" canticle !Cn*erno% +r#atorio% and33 canto$ in eac" canticle !Cn*erno% +r#atorio% andaradi$o'% &l+$ one in t"e 0e#innin# a$ an introd+ction aradi$o'% &l+$ one in t"e 0e#innin# a$ an introd+ction 1((1((

=ine circle$ o* ell anteroom 1(; $even level$ o*=ine circle$ o* ell anteroom 1(; $even level$ o*&+r#ator, &l+$ t"ree anteterrace$ 1(; nine "eavenl,&+r#ator, &l+$ t"ree anteterrace$ 1(; nine "eavenl,$&"ere$ em&,rean 1($&"ere$ em&,rean 1(

"ree 0ea$t$ 0loc. "i$ &at" Heo&ard% Hion% and @"eol* "ree 0ea$t$ 0loc. "i$ &at" Heo&ard% Hion% and @"eol*


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CharactersCharacters

Ieo&ledI 0,Ieo&ledI 0,"+ndred$ o*"+ndred$ o*"i$torical%"i$torical%

contem&oraneo+$%contem&oraneo+$%and m,t"icaland m,t"ical-#+re$ /"o "ad-#+re$ /"o "addied 0, t"e ,eardied 0, t"e ,ear

13((% 0+t /"o ma,13((% 0+t /"o ma,"ave lived"ave livedcent+rie$ 0e*orecent+rie$ 0e*ore


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"irgil"irgil


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TimeTime

"e action o* t"e &oem 0e#in$ on "e action o* t"e &oem 0e#in$ onGood Frida, o* t"e ,ear 13((% atGood Frida, o* t"e ,ear 13((% at

/"ic" time Dante% /"o /a$ 0orn in/"ic" time Dante% /"o /a$ 0orn in1265% "ad reac"ed t"e middle o* t"e1265% "ad reac"ed t"e middle o* t"e@cri&t+ral t"ree$core ,ear$ and ten@cri&t+ral t"ree$core ,ear$ and ten

Ct end$ on t"e -r$t @+nda, a*terCt end$ on t"e -r$t @+nda, a*terEa$ter% ma.in# in all ten da,$Ea$ter% ma.in# in all ten da,$


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Dante's historical world as hell:Dante's historical world as hell:

civil and international /ar*arecivil and international /ar*are &olitical $tr+##le$&olitical $tr+##le$ corr+&t &o&e$ $ee.in# &o/er and /ealt"corr+&t &o&e$ $ee.in# &o/er and /ealt"

$ale o* eccle$ia$tical oJce$ !$imon,' and o*$ale o* eccle$ia$tical oJce$ !$imon,' and o*$alvation !ind+l#ence$'$alvation !ind+l#ence$' /orld o* intolerance and &er$ec+tion/orld o* intolerance and &er$ec+tion

!CnK+i$ition *o+nded 1231'!CnK+i$ition *o+nded 1231'

reli#ion i$ a0+$ed% and mani&+lated; #reed%reli#ion i$ a0+$ed% and mani&+lated; #reed%&ride and violence di$#+i$ed a$ "oline$$&ride and violence di$#+i$ed a$ "oline$$ &revalence o* i#norance% $+&er$tition% and *ear&revalence o* i#norance% $+&er$tition% and *ear


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DANTE'S CRITICISM OF HIS WORLDDANTE'S CRITICISM OF HIS WORLD

e)&o$+re o* t"e evil$ o* "i$ /orlde)&o$+re o* t"e evil$ o* "i$ /orld

c"allen#in# o* A"+rc" do#ma$% e)&o$in# $+&er$tition$c"allen#in# o* A"+rc" do#ma$% e)&o$in# $+&er$tition$

creation o* a ne/ +mani$t &"ilo$o&", radicall, recreation o* a ne/ +mani$t &"ilo$o&", radicall, reinter&retin# A"ri$tianit,inter&retin# A"ri$tianit,

#ivin# A"ri$tianit, a "+man and eart"l, meanin##ivin# A"ri$tianit, a "+man and eart"l, meanin#centered aro+nd t"e idea o* lovecentered aro+nd t"e idea o* love

demandin# t"e $+0$tance o* tr+e A"ri$tianit, indemandin# t"e $+0$tance o* tr+e A"ri$tianit, inA"ri$tian li*e love% &eace% "+milit,% *or#ivene$$%A"ri$tian li*e love% &eace% "+milit,% *or#ivene$$%#ivin#% carin# a0o+t ot"er$% "ealin# t"e $ic.% *eedin##ivin#% carin# a0o+t ot"er$% "ealin# t"e $ic.% *eedin#t"e "+n#r,t"e "+n#r,


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Dante#s $ourney Begins in %ellDante#s $ourney Begins in %ell

Aonce&t o*Aonce&t o* contra"aocontra"ao !$in !$in &+ni$"ment'% $innin#&+ni$"ment'% $innin# ii "ell"ell

ell i$ t"e $tate o* $in; "armin# ot"er$ell i$ t"e $tate o* $in; "armin# ot"er$

create$ a /orld t"at i$ literall, "elli$"create$ a /orld t"at i$ literall, "elli$"*or t"e $inner "im$el* and *or ot"er$*or t"e $inner "im$el* and *or ot"er$

e are re$&on$i0le not onl, *or o+r o/ne are re$&on$i0le not onl, *or o+r o/naction$% 0+t *or t"e eect$ t"e, "aveaction$% 0+t *or t"e eect$ t"e, "aveon ot"er$; /e are re$&on$i0le not onl,on ot"er$; /e are re$&on$i0le not onl,*or o+r o/n $alvation% 0+t *or t"e #ood*or o+r o/n $alvation% 0+t *or t"e #oodo* $ociet,o* $ociet,


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The &ine Circles of %ellThe &ine Circles of %ell

1 Him0o1 Him0o

2 "e H+$t*+l2 "e H+$t*+l

3 "e Gl+ttono+$3 "e Gl+ttono+$

4 "e varicio+$ and t"e rodi#al4 "e varicio+$ and t"e rodi#al5 "e rat"*+l and t"e @+llen5 "e rat"*+l and t"e @+llen

6 eretic$6 eretic$

7 "e >iolent7 "e >iolent8 "e Fra+d+lent8 "e Fra+d+lent

9 "e reac"ero+$9 "e reac"ero+$


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Map of the InfernoMap of the Inferno

InernoInernoCircle !Circle !

The "irt#o#s $a%ansThe "irt#o#s $a%ans

Circle &Circle &

The Lasciio#s(L#st#lThe Lasciio#s(L#st#l

Circle )Circle )

The *l#ttono#sThe *l#ttono#s

Circle +Circle +

The Miserl, and the Waste#l a%ainstThe Miserl, and the Waste#l a%ainst-indred. co#ntr,-indred. co#ntr,

Circle /Circle /

The Wath#l %#ests. lords. etc0The Wath#l %#ests. lords. etc0

Circle 1Circle 1

The HereticsThe HereticsCircle 2Circle 2

The "iolentThe "iolent

Circle 3Circle 3

The Fra#d#lentThe Fra#d#lent

Circle 4Circle 4

The La-e o the Treachero#sThe La-e o the Treachero#s


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I5a%es o Dante6s HellI5a%es o Dante6s Hell


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7oticelli6s I5a%e o Dante6s Hell7oticelli6s I5a%e o Dante6s Hell


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Bartolomeo#s "ision of Dante#s %ellBartolomeo#s "ision of Dante#s %ell


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Canto ICanto I

Dante enter$ "ell /"ile aliveDante enter$ "ell /"ile aliveAanto C1 Iin t"e middle o* t"eAanto C1 Iin t"e middle o* t"eroad o* o+r li*eroad o* o+r li*e

Dante enter$ "ell driven 0, "i$Dante enter$ "ell driven 0, "i$o/n $in$ !$,m0oli:ed 0, t"eo/n $in$ !$,m0oli:ed 0, t"e

lion% t"e /ol*% and t"e leo&ard'lion% t"e /ol*% and t"e leo&ard'

lion ride or am0ition lion ride or am0ition

$"e/ol* varice $"e/ol* varice

leo&ard Fra+d+lence leo&ard Fra+d+lence

ere "e con*ront$ t"e lionere "e con*ront$ t"e lion

Cll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorLCll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorL


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Canto Canto

"e dar. *ore$t o* "+man li*e% /it" it$ "e dar. *ore$t o* "+man li*e% /it" it$&a$$ion$% vice$% and &er&le)itie$ o* all&a$$ion$% vice$% and &er&le)itie$ o* all.ind$; &oliticall, t"e $tate o* Florence /it".ind$; &oliticall, t"e $tate o* Florence /it"

it$ *raction$ G+el* and G"i0ellineit$ *raction$ G+el* and G"i0elline Dante a$ &roG"i0elline and Cm&eriali$t i$Dante a$ &roG"i0elline and Cm&eriali$t i$

in o&&o$ition to t"e G+el*$% a&al art,in o&&o$ition to t"e G+el*$% a&al art,Boni*ace >CCC% and t"e in# o* France%Boni*ace >CCC% and t"e in# o* France%

"ili& t"e Fair% and i$ 0ani$"ed *rom"ili& t"e Fair% and i$ 0ani$"ed *romFlorence% o+t o* t"e $+n$"ine% and into t"eFlorence% o+t o* t"e $+n$"ine% and into t"edar.dar.


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Canto (! The )nbaptiedCanto (! The )nbaptied

Dante i$ 0orne acro$$ t"eDante i$ 0orne acro$$ t"eriver c"eron in "i$ $lee&% andriver c"eron in "i$ $lee&% anda/a.e$ on t"e 0rin. o* t"e $ada/a.e$ on t"e 0rin. o* t"e $advalle, o* t"e a0,$$valle, o* t"e a0,$$

e no/ enter$ t"e Fir$te no/ enter$ t"e Fir$tAircle o* t"e Cn*erno; t"e Him0oAircle o* t"e Cn*erno; t"e Him0o

o* t"e Nn0a&ti:ed and t"o$eo* t"e Nn0a&ti:ed and t"o$e0orn 0e*ore A"ri$tianit,0orn 0e*ore A"ri$tianit,

ere "e -nd$ t"eere "e -nd$ t"e"ilo$o&"er$ !ri$totle% lato'%"ilo$o&"er$ !ri$totle% lato'%cla$$ical /riter$ and vicennacla$$ical /riter$ and vicennaand verroe$and verroe$

Cll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorLCll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorL


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Canto *! The LustfulCanto *! The LustfulPaolo and FrancescaPaolo and Francesca

Francesca, daughter ofFrancesca, daughter ofGuido da Polenta, Lord ofGuido da Polenta, Lord ofRavenna, and wife ofRavenna, and wife ofGianciotto Malatesta, sonGianciotto Malatesta, sonof the Lord of Rimini. Theof the Lord of Rimini. The

lover, Paul Malatesta, waslover, Paul Malatesta, wasthe brother of thethe brother of thehusband, who, discoveringhusband, who, discoveringtheir love, put them boththeir love, put them bothto death with his ownto death with his ownhand. They are condemnedhand. They are condemnedto be whirled around in ato be whirled around in a

violent wind.violent wind.

Cll+$tration 0, G+$taveCll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorLDorL


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+aolo and ,rancesca+aolo and ,rancesca

B, O Cn#re$ B, mo$ Aa$$ioli


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Canto -! ,arinataCanto -! ,arinata

Farinata de#li N0erti /a$Farinata de#li N0erti /a$

t"e valiant and reno/nedt"e valiant and reno/nedleader o* t"e G"i0elline$leader o* t"e G"i0elline$in Florence e 0elievedin Florence e 0elievedli.e E&ic+r+$% t"at t"e $o+lli.e E&ic+r+$% t"at t"e $o+ldie$ /it" t"e 0od,% anddie$ /it" t"e 0od,% and

t"at "+man "a&&ine$$t"at "+man "a&&ine$$con$i$ted in tem&oralcon$i$ted in tem&oral&lea$+re$; and *or t"i$ $in&lea$+re$; and *or t"i$ $in"e i$ damned a$ a eretic"e i$ damned a$ a eretica$ i$ Aavalcante% aa$ i$ Aavalcante% a

G+el&"G+el&"

Farinata addre$$e$ DanteFarinata addre$$e$ Dante

ll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorLll+$tration 0, G+$tave DorL


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,arinata .con#t/,arinata .con#t/

Farinata led t"e G"i0elline$ at t"eFarinata led t"e G"i0elline$ at t"e*amo+$ 0attle o* Monte &erto in*amo+$ 0attle o* Monte &erto in

126(% /"ere t"e G+el*$ /ere ro+ted%126(% /"ere t"e G+el*$ /ere ro+ted%and driven o+t o* Florence e died inand driven o+t o* Florence e died in12641264

G+el&"$ a&al art,G+el&"$ a&al art,

G"i0elline$ Cm&erial art,G"i0elline$ Cm&erial art,


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0ra1est danger as he becomes treacherous0ra1est danger as he becomes treacherous

in circle of treacheryin circle of treachery

Dante en$nared in "i$ o/n $in$ andDante en$nared in "i$ o/n $in$ andcontradiction$contradiction$

at t"i$ &oint Dante i$ eectivel, entra&&edat t"i$ &oint Dante i$ eectivel, entra&&edin "ell% "i$ "eart *ro:en% "i$ action$in "ell% "i$ "eart *ro:en% "i$ action$

identical /it" t"o$e o* t"e treac"ero+$ atidentical /it" t"o$e o* t"e treac"ero+$ att"e 0ottom o* "ellt"e 0ottom o* "ell

t"e onl, /a, *or "im to #et o+t reco#ni:in#t"e onl, /a, *or "im to #et o+t reco#ni:in#t"e $in in "im$el*% $eein# t"e a0$+rdit, o*t"e $in in "im$el*% $eein# t"e a0$+rdit, o*

"i$ $el*ri#"teo+$ne$$% *or#ivin# and"i$ $el*ri#"teo+$ne$$% *or#ivin# andacce&tin# /"at "e "ate$ t"e mo$tacce&tin# /"at "e "ate$ t"e mo$t onl, /a, o+t to loo. into t"e $&irit+alonl, /a, o+t to loo. into t"e $&irit+al

mirror% to em0race t"e 0od, o* @atanmirror% to em0race t"e 0od, o* @atan


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The Ninth Circle o HellThe Ninth Circle o Hell!! the froen2 circular lake of ice at thethe froen2 circular lake of ice at thebottom of hell and the home of Satanbottom of hell and the home of Satan

H+ci*er% in# o* ellCll+$trated 0, G+$tave DorL


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SatanSatan


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Description of SatanDescription of Satan

@atan "a$ t"ree "ead$Pred% 0lac.% and ,ello/Pand@atan "a$ t"ree "ead$Pred% 0lac.% and ,ello/Pand

*rom "i$ $i) e,e$ $tream$ contin+o+$ tear$ Cn*rom "i$ $i) e,e$ $tream$ contin+o+$ tear$ Cneac" o* it$ mo+t"$% @atan #na/$ on t"e /or$t o*eac" o* it$ mo+t"$% @atan #na/$ on t"e /or$t o*t"e traitor$ O+da$% Br+t+$% and Aa$$i+$ >ir#ilt"e traitor$ O+da$% Br+t+$% and Aa$$i+$ >ir#ila0r+&tl, tell$ Dante t"at t"e, m+$t leave >ir#ila0r+&tl, tell$ Dante t"at t"e, m+$t leave >ir#il&+ll$ "i$ &+&il onto "i$ 0ac. and 0e#in$ to clim0&+ll$ "i$ &+&il onto "i$ 0ac. and 0e#in$ to clim0

do/n @atan$ "air, 0od, >ir#il contin+e$ to clim0do/n @atan$ "air, 0od, >ir#il contin+e$ to clim0+ntil t"e, come to a &oint /"ere @atan$ le#$ $tand+ntil t"e, come to a &oint /"ere @atan$ le#$ $tand+&ri#"t in a dar. cave >ir#il e)&lain$ t"at /"en+&ri#"t in a dar. cave >ir#il e)&lain$ t"at /"ent"e, clim0ed do/n @atan$ $ide% t"e, &a$$ed t"et"e, clim0ed do/n @atan$ $ide% t"e, &a$$ed t"ecenter o* t"e center o* t"e eart" $o t"at t"e, no/center o* t"e center o* t"e eart" $o t"at t"e, no/

$tand +$t 0elo/ t"e @o+t"ern emi$&"ere @atan$tand +$t 0elo/ t"e @o+t"ern emi$&"ere @atan$tand$ /"ere "e /a$ &lanted /"en "e ori#inall,$tand$ /"ere "e /a$ &lanted /"en "e ori#inall,*ell *rom eaven Dante K+ic.l, $cram0le$ to clim0*ell *rom eaven Dante K+ic.l, $cram0le$ to clim00ac. to Eart" and a$ "e doe$ "e $ee$ $tar$ a0ove0ac. to Eart" and a$ "e doe$ "e $ee$ $tar$ a0ove"im *or t"e -r$t time $ince "i$ o+rne, 0e#an"im *or t"e -r$t time $ince "i$ o+rne, 0e#an


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Dante3SatanDante3Satan

em0race a$ $,m0ol o* *or#ivene$$ o* $in% need toem0race a$ $,m0ol o* *or#ivene$$ o* $in% need to$,m&at"i:e /it" t"e $+erin# !t"e tear$' o* t"e$,m&at"i:e /it" t"e $+erin# !t"e tear$' o* t"e#reate$t $inner#reate$t $inner

intro$&ection and $el*reco#nition need to loo.intro$&ection and $el*reco#nition need to loo.

into t"e center o* t"e mirrorli.e $+r*ace o* t"einto t"e center o* t"e mirrorli.e $+r*ace o* t"e*ro:en la.e; /"at Dante $ee$ t"ere i$ +$t "im$el* *ro:en la.e; /"at Dante $ee$ t"ere i$ +$t "im$el*

Dante @atanDante @atan t"at in$i#"t and "i$ ca&acit, to *or#ive $et "imt"at in$i#"t and "i$ ca&acit, to *or#ive $et "im

*ree*ree im&lication o* t"e im&o$$i0ilit, o* e$ca&in# "ellim&lication o* t"e im&o$$i0ilit, o* e$ca&in# "ell/"ile "i$ $o+l i$ tainted /it" an#er% "ate%/"ile "i$ $o+l i$ tainted /it" an#er% "ate%ven#e*+lne$$% and $el*ri#"teo+$ne$$ven#e*+lne$$% and $el*ri#"teo+$ne$$


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+r#ator,


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Purgatorio


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PurgatorioPurgatorio

@even circle$ *or@even circle$ *ort"e $even deadl,t"e $even deadl,

$in$ &ride% env,%$in$ &ride% env,%an#er% $lot"%an#er% $lot"%avarice% #l+tton,avarice% #l+tton,and incontinenceand incontinence

econd illustrated ed.

!rescia, "#$%


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+aradiso+aradiso "e aradi$o i$ a &lace

o* re/ard Ct i$ $tr+ct+red on t"e

@even Aardinal >irt+e$Fait"% o&e% Hove%

r+dence% O+$tice%Fortit+de% em&erance

Eac" virt+e i$re/arded in one o* t"e

$&"ere$ t"at /eret"o+#"t to $+rro+ndt"e eart"


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Canto 44 +aradisoCanto 44 +aradiso

"e >i$i0le "e >i$i0lere$encere$ence

Cn t"i$ ne/ li#"t o*Cn t"i$ ne/ li#"t o*God?$ #race% t"eGod?$ #race% t"em,$ter, o* t"em,$ter, o* t"e+nion o* t"e Divine+nion o* t"e Divine

and "+man nat+reand "+man nat+rein A"ri$t i$in A"ri$t i$revealed to Danterevealed to Dante


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Aanto 33 aradi$o

Dante loo.$ +& into t"e li#"t and receive$ a #lorio+$vi$ion o* /"ic" "e *eel$ t"e emotion o* t"e e)&erience0+t "e cannot recall t"e detail$ o* t"e enco+nter

e invo.e$ God to "el& "im recall t"e $cene $o t"at"e can tell t"e /orld a0o+t it

Dante reveal$ t"at "e $a/ /it"in t"e Eternal Hi#"tt"ree circle$ o* dierent color$ reQectin# eac" ot"er


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Canto 44 +aradisoCanto 44 +aradiso

Dante $ee$ a vi$ion o* A"ri$t "e t"reeDante $ee$ a vi$ion o* A"ri$t "e t"reeor0$ o* tri&le "+e reveal$ t"e m,$ter, o*or0$ o* tri&le "+e reveal$ t"e m,$ter, o*t"e rinit, in "+man nat+re in t"e Bein# o*t"e rinit, in "+man nat+re in t"e Bein# o*

God% t"e @on mirrorin# t"e Fat"er and t"eGod% t"e @on mirrorin# t"e Fat"er and t"eHove o* t"e ol, @&irit 0et/een t"em 0ot"Hove o* t"e ol, @&irit 0et/een t"em 0ot"

Cn t"e la$t line$% Dante move$ in "armon,Cn t"e la$t line$% Dante move$ in "armon,/it" t"e $&"ere$% /it" God% and /it"/it" t"e $&"ere$% /it" God% and /it""im$el*% im&elled 0, divine love"im$el*% im&elled 0, divine love


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+aradiso+aradiso

+ di+ di


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+aradiso+aradiso

Florentine M$$ 15t" cent+r,


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+aradiso 5"II+aradiso 5"II


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Dante6s E8e%etical Method:Dante6s E8e%etical Method: From Dante’sFrom Dante’sLetter to Can 0randeLetter to Can 0rande selection taken from theselection taken from the 0eoffrey0eoffrey

Chaucer +ageChaucer +age o el+cidate% t"en% /"at /e "ave to $a,% o el+cidate% t"en% /"at /e "ave to $a,%0e it .no/n t"at t"e $en$e o* t"i$ /or. i$0e it .no/n t"at t"e $en$e o* t"i$ /or. i$not $im&le% 0+t on t"e contrar, it ma, 0enot $im&le% 0+t on t"e contrar, it ma, 0e

called &ol,$emo+$% t"at i$ to $a,% ?o*called &ol,$emo+$% t"at i$ to $a,% ?o*more $en$e$ t"an one?; *or it i$ one $en$emore $en$e$ t"an one?; *or it i$ one $en$e/"ic" /e #et t"ro+#" t"e letter% and/"ic" /e #et t"ro+#" t"e letter% andanot"er /"ic" /e #et t"ro+#" t"e t"in#anot"er /"ic" /e #et t"ro+#" t"e t"in#

t"et"e letterletter $i#ni-e$; and t"e -r$t i$ called$i#ni-e$; and t"e -r$t i$ calledliteralliteral% 0+t t"e $econd% 0+t t"e $econd allegoricalallegorical ororm,$ticm,$tic


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nd t"i$ mode o* treatment% *or it$ 0etternd t"i$ mode o* treatment% *or it$ 0ettermani*e$tation% ma, 0e con$idered in t"i$ ver$emani*e$tation% ma, 0e con$idered in t"i$ ver$e

#$hen lrael came out of Egy"t, and the houe of#$hen lrael came out of Egy"t, and the houe of

%aco& from a "eo"le of trange "eech, %udaea %aco& from a "eo"le of trange "eech, %udaea&ecame hi ancti'cation, Irael hi "o(er)#&ecame hi ancti'cation, Irael hi "o(er)#

For i* /e in$&ect t"eFor i* /e in$&ect t"e letterletter alone t"e de&art+realone t"e de&art+reo* t"e c"ildren o* C$rael *rom E#,&t in t"e timeo* t"e c"ildren o* C$rael *rom E#,&t in t"e time

o* Mo$e$ i$ &re$ented to +$; i* t"eo* Mo$e$ i$ &re$ented to +$; i* t"e allegoryallegory% o+r% o+rredem&tion /ro+#"t 0, A"ri$t; i* t"eredem&tion /ro+#"t 0, A"ri$t; i* t"e moralmoralsensesense% t"e conver$ion o* t"e $o+l *rom t"e #rie*% t"e conver$ion o* t"e $o+l *rom t"e #rie*and mi$er, o* $in to t"e $tate o* #race i$and mi$er, o* $in to t"e $tate o* #race i$&re$ented to +$; i* t"e&re$ented to +$; i* t"e anagogicalanagogical% t"e% t"e

de&art+re o* t"e "ol, $o+l *rom t"e $laver, o*de&art+re o* t"e "ol, $o+l *rom t"e $laver, o*t"i$ corr+&tion to t"e li0ert, o* eternal #lor, i$t"i$ corr+&tion to t"e li0ert, o* eternal #lor, i$&re$ented to +$ Aont ne)t &a#e&re$ented to +$ Aont ne)t &a#e


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SS"en /e +nder$tand t"i$ /e $ee clearl, t"at"en /e +nder$tand t"i$ /e $ee clearl, t"att"et"e u&*ect u&*ect ro+nd /"ic" t"e alternativero+nd /"ic" t"e alternative$en$e$ &la, m+$t 0e t/o*old nd /e m+$t$en$e$ &la, m+$t 0e t/o*old nd /e m+$t

t"ere*ore con$ider t"e $+0ect o* t"i$ /or. a$t"ere*ore con$ider t"e $+0ect o* t"i$ /or. a$literallyliterally +nder$tood% and t"en it$ $+0ect a$+nder$tood% and t"en it$ $+0ect a$allegoricallyallegorically intended "e $+0ect o* t"eintended "e $+0ect o* t"e/"ole /or.% t"en% ta.en in t"e/"ole /or.% t"en% ta.en in t"e literal senseliteral sense

onl,% i$ ?t"e $tate o* $o+l$ a*ter deat"%?onl,% i$ ?t"e $tate o* $o+l$ a*ter deat"%?/it"o+t K+ali-cation% *or t"e /"ole &ro#re$$/it"o+t K+ali-cation% *or t"e /"ole &ro#re$$o* t"e /or. "in#e$ on it and a0o+t ito* t"e /or. "in#e$ on it and a0o+t it"erea$ i* t"e /or. 0e ta.en"erea$ i* t"e /or. 0e ta.en allegoricallyallegorically t"e $+0ect i$ ?man% a$ 0, #ood or illt"e $+0ect i$ ?man% a$ 0, #ood or ill

de$$ert$% in t"e e)erci$e o* t"e *reedom o*de$$ert$% in t"e e)erci$e o* t"e *reedom o*"i$ c"oice% "e 0ecome$ lia0le to re/ardin# or"i$ c"oice% "e 0ecome$ lia0le to re/ardin# or&+ni$"in# +$ticeT&+ni$"in# +$ticeT

"tt&UU///co+r$e$*a$"arvarded+UVc"a+cerU$&ecialUa+t"or$UdanteUcan#rand"tm"tt&UU///co+r$e$*a$"arvarded+UVc"a+cerU$&ecialUa+t"or$UdanteUcan#rand"tmll

&aed on&aed on FromFrom The Latin &or's of (anteThe Latin &or's of (ante , Temple Classics, London, 1904, , Temple Classics, London, 1904,E istola X, . 346-52.Epistola X, pp. 346-52.

http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.htmlhttp://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.htmlhttp://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.htmlhttp://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.htmlhttp://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.htmlhttp://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/dante/cangrand.html


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Summary! a modification and adaptation of theSummary! a modification and adaptation of the

traditional four3fold method of interpretation oftraditional four3fold method of interpretation of

Thomas 67uinas .88*389(/!Thomas 67uinas .88*389(/!

HCERH t"e ever,da, meanin#HCERH t"e ever,da, meanin#

M

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