Data and Database Administration CISB344 Database 2 At the end of this chapter, you should be able to: Define terms related to data & database administration

DATA AND DATABASE ADMINISTRATION

Data and Database Administration

CISB344 Database 2

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this chapter, you should be able to: Define terms related to data & database

administration List several major functions of data/database

administration Describe the changing roles of the data and

database administrator in the current business environment


CISB344 Database 2

TRADITIONAL ADMINISTRATION DEFINITIONS

Data Administration: A high-level function that is responsible for the overall management of data resources in an organization, including maintaining corporate-wide definitions and standards

Database Administration: A technical function that is responsible for physical database design and for dealing with technical issues such as security enforcement, database performance, and backup and recovery


CISB344 Database 2

TRADITIONAL DATA ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS

1. Data policies, procedures, standards2. Planning3. Data conflict (ownership) resolution4. Managing the information repository5. Internal marketing of DA concepts


CISB344 Database 2


Data policies, procedures, standards Data Policies: statements that make explicit the

goals of DA Every user must have a valid password

Data procedure: written outlines of actions to be taken to perform certain activity

Data Standard: explicit conventions and behaviors that are to be followed and that can be used to help evaluate database quality

Minimum characters for password: 8


CISB344 Database 2


Planning Provide leadership in developing the

organization’s Information Architecture (IA) Requires both an understanding the needs

of the organization for data and information and the ability to lead the development of an information architecture


CISB344 Database 2


Data conflict (ownership) resolution Who owns the data? DA: suitable person because DA is not

associated with a certain department Procedures must be established


CISB344 Database 2


Managing the information repository Repositories contain metadata describe an

organization’s data and data processing resources Replacing Data Dictionaries Serves as an essential source of information and

functionality for: Users: who must understand data definitions, business

rules and relationships among data objects CASE tools used Applications that access and manipulate data DBMS: maintain the repository and update system

privileges, passwords, object definitions


CISB344 Database 2


Internal marketing of DA concepts The importance of procedures and policies Effective internal marketing reduce

resistance to change and data ownership problems


CISB344 Database 2

TRADITIONAL DATABASE ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS

1. Analyzing and designing databases2. Selection of DBMS and software tools3. Installing/upgrading DBMS4. Tuning database performance5. Improving query processing

performance6. Managing data security, privacy, and

integrity7. Data backup and recovery


CISB344 Database 2


Analyzing and designing databases Prioritizing application transactions by

volume, importance and complexity Specifications should be reviewed as

quickly as the transactions are developed Selection of DBMS and software tools

Establish policies regarding the DBMS and related system software that will be supported within the organization


CISB344 Database 2


Installing/upgrading DBMS All the correct versions of different modules are in place, all

the proper device drivers are present and the DBMS works correctly with any third party software products

User accounts must be created and maintained. Tuning database performance

Performance of a database (query and update processing time as well as data storage utilization) needs to be monitored

Design of a database must be frequently changed to meet new requirements

Database rebuilt, reorganized, and re-indexed: recover wasted space and to correct poor data allocation and fragmentation


CISB344 Database 2


Improving query processing performance Queries may need to be rewritten in a

more efficient form Index may need to be added or deleted Data may need to be relocated to different

devices Managing data security, privacy, and

integrity Data backup and recovery


CISB344 Database 2

FUNCTIONS OF DA & DBA

DATABASE PLANNING

Develop corporate database strategy/policies

Develop enterprise model (information architecture)

Develop cost/benefit models

Design database environment/select technologies

Develop and market data administration plan

DATABASE ANALYSIS

Define and model data requirements (conceptual)

Define and model business rules

Define operational requirements

Resolve requirements conflicts

Maintain corporate data dictionary/repository

DA


CISB344 Database 2

FUNCTIONS OF DA & DBADATABASE DESIGN

Perform logical database design

Design external model (sub schemas)

Design internal (physical) models

Design integrity controls

DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION

Specify database access policies

Establish security controls

Install DBMS

Supervise database loading

Specify test procedures

Develop application programming standards

Establish procedures for backup and recovery

Conduct user training

DBA

DA/DBA

DBA

DA/DBA


CISB344 Database 2

FUNCTIONS OF DA & DBAOPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

Backup and recover databases

Upgrade DBMS

Monitor database performance

Tune and reorganize databases

Resolve access conflict

Tune and rewrite queries

Enforce standards and procedures

Support users

GROWTH AND CHANGE

Implement change-control procedure

Plan growth and change

Evaluate new technology

DBA

DA/DBA


CISB344 Database 2

TRENDS IN DATABASE ADMINISTRATION

Trends and new skills needed: Increased used of procedural logic

Triggers, stored procedures Proliferation of e-business applications Increase use of Smart phones


CISB344 Database 2

DATA WAREHOUSE ADMINISTRATION

New role, coming with the growth in data warehouses

Similar to DA/DBA roles Emphasis on integration and coordination

of metadata/data across many data sources

Specific roles: Support DSS applications Manage data warehouse growth Establish service level agreements regarding

data warehouses and data marts


CISB344 Database 2

OPEN SOURCE DBMSS

DEFINITION: Free DBMS source code software that provides

the core functionality of an SQL-compliant DBMS

An alternative to proprietary packages such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, or Microsoft Access

mySQL is an example of an open-source DBMS Advantages:

Less expensive than proprietary packages Source code available, for modification Have different version (simple to complex, free to

some cost(additional features) No additional cost for copies or licensing


CISB344 Database 2

OPEN SOURCE DBMSS

Disadvantages: Absence of complete documentation

Ambiguous licensing concerns Not as feature-rich as proprietary DBMSs

Vendors may not have certification programs


CISB344 Database 2

OPEN SOURCE DBMSS

Consider these factors when choosing an open source DBMS: Features Support Ease-of-use Stability Speed Training Licensing

END OF CHAPTER

INFORMATION IN THIS SLIDES WERE TAKEN FROM MODERN DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, TENTH EDITION BY JEFFREY

A.HOFFER, V.RAMESH & HEIKKI TOPI.


CISB344 Database 2

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE (IA)

Definition the discipline of defining an information

model or concept and structuring information around this.

Information architecture (IA) is the art of expressing a model or concept of information used in activities that require explicit details of complex systems

a conceptual framework that defines the basic structure, content and relationships of the organizational databases that provide the data needed to support the basic business processes of an organization


CISB344 Database 2


Taken from: http://www.shiftedpixels.com.au/S_Information-Architecture.php

http://www.shiftedpixels.com.au/S_Information-Architecture.php


CISB344 Database 2


Taken from: http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw01/papers/refereed/sawyer/paper.html

http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw01/papers/refereed/sawyer/paper.html


CISB344 Database 2


Taken from: http://businessfoundation.typepad.com/bf_blog/2008/11/world-class-information-architecture.html

http://businessfoundation.typepad.com/bf_blog/2008/11/world-class-information-architecture.html


CISB344 Database 2

ROUTINES AND TRIGGERS

Routines Program modules that execute on demand Functions–routines that return values and

take input parameters Procedures–routines that do not return

values and can take input or output parameters

Triggers Routines that execute in response to a

database event (INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE)


CISB514 Advanced Database

ROUTINES AND TRIGGERS


CISB344 Database 2

TRIGGERS

CREATE TRIGGER STANDARD_PRICE_UPDATEAFTER UPDATE OF STANDARD_PRICE ON

PRODUCT_TFOR EACH ROWINSERT INTO PRICE_UPDATES_T VALUES(PRODUCT_DESCRIPTION, DATE,

STANDARD_PRICE);

Documents

Data and Database Administration CISB344 Database 2 At the end of this chapter, you should be able to: Define terms related to data & database administration