DATA COLLECTION METHOD:

INTERVIEWSPREPARED BY:

SITI NADIAHSYAFIQAH AMIRA

AIN SYUHADAAQILAH

SYAFIQAH

DEFINITION:

PURPOSEinvestigate issues in an

in depth way

discover how individuals think and feel about a topic and why they hold certain

opinions

investigate the use, effectiveness and

usefulness of particular library collections and

services

inform decision making, strategic

planning and resource allocation

sensitive topics which people may feel uncomfortable

discussing in a focus group

add a human dimension to

impersonal data

deepen understanding and explain statistical

data.

ADVANTAGES

they are useful to obtain detailed

information about personal feelings, perceptions and

opinions

they allow more detailed questions

to be asked

they usually achieve a

high response rate

respondents' own

words are recorded

ambiguities can be clarified and

incomplete answers

followed up

interviewees are not

influenced by others in the

group

some interviewees may be less self-conscious in a one-to-one situation.

DISADVANTAGESthey can be very time-consuming: setting up,

interviewing, transcribing, analyzing, feedback, reporting

they can be costly

different interviewers may understand and

transcribe interviews in different ways.

3 Stages of an interview.

1. Arrival process.

• Introductions,

• background noise

• checks, getting to

• know each other,

• Setting up

• audiotape/ recording

• equipment,

• settling down, etc.

2.Introducing the research

Explain:

• the purpose of the interview,

• why the participant has been chosen, and

• the expected duration of the interview.

Seek informed consent of the interviewee:

• Use the information sheet,

• explanation of how the information is confidential,

etc.,

• the use of note taking and/or the tape recorder,

• written or documented oral consent.

*If the interviewee has consented, conduct the interview.

3.Starting the interview

Gradually, unhurried, relaxing…using open-ended

questions.

• Semi-structured format…

• Although you should have some pre-planned

questions to ask during the interview, you must also

allow questions to flow naturally, based on

information provided by the respondent.

• Do not insist upon asking specific questions in a

specific order.

• In fact, the flow of the conversation dictates the

questions asked, and those omitted, as well as the

order of the questions.

Types of interview

Personal interview

face to face contact between

the interviewers and the

respondent

Non-personal interviews

• No face to face

• Interview using telephone,

internet, and other related

medium

Group interviews

• More than one respondent are

interviewed simultaniously

• Can be small (1-2)or large (10-20)

Structured interview

• The interviewer can only use the exact

same questions on specific topics for

each interview

• questions are carefully worded to avoid

ambiguity or specific undesired

connotations

EXAMPLE OF INTERVIEWS

Avoid:

Double question

Wrong choice question

‘Fuzzy word’ questions

‘Cover the world’ question

Jargon questions

‘kitchen sink’ questions

Leading questions