22
7/26/2018 1 Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL Dave Philbrick AT, ATC, CES, CFSC WHEN IT COMES TO MEASURING PERFORMANCE IN SPORTS, NUMBERS DON’T LIE. TAKE YOUR TRAINING TO THE NEXT LEVEL BY VISITING us.dorsaVi.com

Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    2

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

1

Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL

Dave Philbrick AT, ATC, CES, CFSC

/ / 90

WHEN IT COMES TO MEASURING PERFORMANCE IN SPORTS,NUMBERS DON’T LIE.

TAKE YOUR TRAINING TO THE NEXT LEVEL BY VISITING us.dorsaVi.com

Page 2: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

2

Page 3: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

3

Current Research

• ACL injuries occur 5 times more often in female soccer, volleyball and basketball players than male athletes in these sports.

• 100,000 ACL reconstructions in U.S. each year– 81% return to sports 

– 65% return to their pre‐injury level of play

• 20% of ACL reconstructions have to have another surgery within 2 years

– 10% to the other knee

Page 4: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

4

Mechanism of Injury: MOI

The most common

cause of ACL injury is…..

ABNORMAL

PRONATION…a

deceleration Injury. 

Why are females more prone to serious knee injuries?

• Research to date indicates the reasons are MULTIFACTORIAL.

Uncontrollable Genealogy:  

• The female Notch is more narrow and sometimes taller than a male’s notch

• The Female ACL is typically smaller in girth than a male’s and the tissue is more elastic

Page 5: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

5

Uncontrollable: Pelvic Size / Width

• Females tend to have wider Pelvis‐Femoral‐Length Ratios

• This may put the muscles around the hip at a mechanical disadvantage and/or

• Place the knee in a Genu Valgus position

Uncontrollable: Estrogen and ACL’s

• Do Hormonal levels affect injury rates?

• ACL injury does not remain constant during the menstrual cycle, with a significantly greater risk during the pre‐ovulatory phase than during the postovulatory phase

Wojtys EM, Huston LJ, Lindenfeld TN, et al. Association between the menstrual cycle and anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26:614–9.

Anatomical and other Factors.. We CAN Affect!

• Lower Extremity Malalignments: Core, Hips and Feet

• Muscle Stiffness

• Muscle Strength

• Balance / Proprioception

• Technique Errors –Running, Jumping & Change of Direction.

Page 6: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

6

Assess and impact

• 1. Foot Assessment and Posture 

• 2. Hyper‐mobility • 3. Hip Internal Rotation • 4. Ankle mobility• 5. Core Stability• 6. Hip Strength• 7. Running and Jumping Mechanics

• Typically starts at 3 months post‐op

1. Foot and Posture Assessment

• The knee is stuck in the middle – Between the Hip and the Foot.

• Both joints above and below the knee can affect it.

Joint Primary Need

Ankle Mobility

Knee Stability

Hip Mobility

Lumbar Spine Stability

Thoracic Spine Mobility

Scapulo-Thoracic Stability

Gleno-Humeral Mobility

Page 7: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

7

1. Foot and Posture Assessment Continued

• There are typically three types of foot structures: 

1) The Normal Foot

2) The Flat Foot

3) High Arch Foot.  

1. Foot and Posture Assessment

• Flat feet can create valgus strain on the knee.

1. Foot Assessment: High Arch Foot

• The Cavus foot – very rigid 

– not allowing adequate Dorsiflexion at the ankle, eversion at the calcaneus and internal rotation at the tibia.

• The Knee will attempt to make up for this loss of “pronation” by producing 

extra valgus at the KNEE!

Page 8: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

8

Other LE enemies of the ACL

• First MTP joint restrictions‐

– May lead to increased toe out and valgus loading

– May facilitate more STJ pronation and tibialrotation

Other enemies of the ACL

• Increased Gastroc/Soleus stiffness

– May lead to increased femoral rotation to make up for lack of DF

2. General Hypermobility 

• Females typically demonstrate greater amounts of mobility compared to males.  

• This is thought to be secondary to differences in the collagen tissue that makes up the females muscles, tendons and ligaments.  

Page 9: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

9

Hypermobility = 

• Slower hamstring recruitment

– Poor deceleration

– Poorjumping/cutting mechanics

3. Restricted Hip Internal Rotation

• Knee: “I got this”

• Athletes find a way to get movement

4. Ankle Mobility

Limited Ankle = Risk of Knee instability

Joint Primary Need

Ankle Mobility

Knee Stability

Hip Mobility

Page 10: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

10

5. Core Stability

• Stable spine and hips = better movement

6. Gluteus Medius Weakness

• Allows for better frontal plane control

• Hip ADDuction = Knee valgus

7. Poor Running/Jumping Mechanics

• All of the above….Leads to this

Page 11: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

11

Testing these Controllable factors

• 1. Milestones progression

– Are we jumping gun?

• 2. Did we bridge the gap between PT and Sport

• 3. Translate to sport

Return to Sport

• Grindem et al (2016)

• 106 competitive athletes who recently had ACLR surgery 

• 5 key performance criteria

– Quads strength within 10% of the uninjured side

– 4 single leg hop tests; with no more than 10% difference between sides

Return to Sport

• 38% of athletes who RTS despite not passing RTS criteria re‐injured their ACL

• Only 5% of athletes who did meet all 5 RTS criteria re‐injured their ACL

Page 12: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

12

Common RTP tests used

• Single Leg squat

• Y‐ Balance test

• Vertical Jump

• Fwd/rev Single leg hop

• Med/Lat single leg hop

• 3 hop test

And more…

• T‐Test

• Cross‐over hop

• Cross‐over Triple hop

• 6 Meter Timed Hop 

Which Tests are Best??

Page 13: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

13

REVOLUTIONARY WEARABLE SENSOR

TECHNOLOGY

TAKE HUMAN MOVEMENT AND  TURN IT INTO EASILY INTERPRETEDDATA.

• Wireless sensor Tech

• Accelerometers

• Tracks and Measures how athletes move– Real Time

– Wearable

– 200 frames/sec

• Transfers data– Easy to read results

Page 14: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

14

REVOLUTIONARY WEARABLE SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

DATA 

• Quality of motion

• Objective Data

• Shows progress

• Improves confidence of Athlete

• Communication with Parents/Surgeon

• Gives us more reassurance

HOW THE dorsaVi™ PLATFORMWORKS

dorsaVi™ SENSORS SEND INFORMATION WIRELESSLY TO SOFTWAREON YOUR COMPUTER IN REAL‐TIME.

Page 15: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

15

ASSESS HIGH‐RISK MOVEMENTS WITH HARD DATA, NOT HUNCHES.

dorsaVi™ SENSORS ARE SYNCED WITH HD VIDEOTO PRODUCE REAL‐TIME OBJECTIVE DATA.

RUNNING Athletic Movement Index

• Sportinformation

• ACL injury  history

Page 16: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

16

AHTLETIC MOVEMENT INDEX –CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

• Athletic populations only

• Baseline or RTP test• ACL prevention program as a follow up

ATHLETIC MOVEMENT INDEX™ (AMI™)

• Demographic data• Movement data• Limb Symmetry data• High Intensity

o Sport challenging not sport specifico Fatigue

7 “essential movements”

Core Tests

1. Plank Test (PT)

2. Full Squat Test (FST)

3. Left / Right Side Plank Test (SPT)

Limb Symmetry Testing1. Left / Right Single Leg Squat Test (SLST)

2. Left / Right Single Leg Hop Test (SLHT)

3. Left / Right Single Leg Hop Plant Test (SLPT)

4. Left / Right Ankle Lunge Test (ALT)

ATHLETIC MOVEMENT INDEX™ (AMI™)

Page 17: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

17

AMI Report – Summary Page

• 336 points possible: 123  per limb for SL tests, 30  per plank (x3)

• LOB, LOPC, Sport, Injuryhx can only detract fromoverall risk, not boost

• Symmetry important,  but individual SL  performance weighted  more

Plank

• Scored based on the  amount of time subject is  able to maintain a position  within 10 degrees of the  start.

• POSITION THE ATHLETE IN  OPTIMAL PLANK before  opening the window

DL Squat

• Looking for shift

• Scoring for each rep:

‐ 3 pts possible per rep

• Lowest possible score = 20

• Trend displayed over all reps

Page 18: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

18

Single Limb – Squat, Hop, Hop/Plant

• Scored per rep for 10 reps each:

‐ 3 points possible each rep

• Minimum score of 10 each leg

Ankle Lunge Test

<15 degrees = 1 point

16‐35 degrees = 2 points

>35 deg = 3 points

What Are Good Values?

• Speed of frontal plane movement:  • SL squat: 10‐20 

degrees/second • SL Hop: <100

degrees/second

• SL Hop/Plant: <135 degrees/second 

Page 19: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

19

59

Running Application

RUNNINGTESTS

Jog

Run

Sprint

Acceleration/Deceleration

Distance Run

Leg Symmetry

Average Ground Reaction Force  

(L&R Leg)

Average Initial Peak Acceleration  

Average Ground Contact Time  

(L&R Leg)

Average Steps Per Minute  

Total Distance

Average Speed, Time

Outdoor Assessment for Up to 24 Hours

WHAT’SMEASURED

SAMPLE ViPerform™ RUNNINGANALYTICS

Report Review

*ASI = Absolute Symmetry Index Traffic Lights and Bar Graph

*GRF = Ground Reaction Force

*IPA = Initial Peak Acceleration

Trend = See improvement, or lack thereof, with ASI Comparison to Past Sessions

Page 20: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

20

Running – Best Practice Recommendations

IPA

Jog/Run < 4g = Good5 – 8g = Okay – watch the higher end8‐10g = Intervene

Sprint <5g = Good6‐8g = Okay – watch at higher

end

9‐10g = Intervene

Accel/Decel <7g = Good

8‐10 = Okay – watch at higher end10+ = Intervene

Reassess and Reprogram

• Failed test = Keep working

• Modify Rehab Program

• Don’t settle for “good enough”

Live Testing

Page 21: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

21

Resources• Arendt E, Dick R. Knee injury patterns among men and women in collegiate basketball and 

soccer: NCAA data and review of literature. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23:694–701.• Arendt EA. Musculoskeletal injuries of the knee: are females at greater risk? Minn Med. 

2007;90:38–40.• Bahr R, Krosshaug T. Understanding the injury mechanisms: a key component to prevent 

injuries in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:324–9.• Bedi A1, Warren RF, Wojtys EM, et al. Restriction in hip internal rotation is associated with an 

increased risk of ACL injury.  Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Sep 11. • Gilchrist J, Mandelbaum BR, et al. A randomized controlled trial to prevent noncontact 

anterior cruciate ligament injury in female collegiate soccer players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine;36,8,1476‐1483.

• Goodlin GT, Roos AK, et al. Applying personal genetic data to injury risk assessment in athletes. Plos one;2015; 10(4)

• Griffin LY, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, et al. Update on ACL prevention: theoretical and practical guidelines. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:1512–32.

• Granata KP, Wilson SE, Padua DA. Gender differences in active musculoskeletal stiffness. Part I. Quantification in controlled measurements of knee joint dynamics. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2002;12:119–26.

• Granata KP, Padua DA, Wilson SE. Gender differences in active musculoskeletal stiffness. Part II. Quantification of leg stiffness during functional hopping tasks. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2002;12:127–35.

• Hewett TE, Thomas LN, et al. The effect of neuromuscular training on the incidence of knee injury in female athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine; 27,6:699‐706

• Hootman JM, Dick R, Agel J. Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. J Athl Train. 2007;42:311–19.

• Krosshaug T, Nakamae A, Boden BP, et al. Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury in basketball: video analysis of 39 cases. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35:359–67.

• Krosshaug T, Nakamae A, Boden BP, et al. Estimating 3D joint kinematics from video sequences of running and cutting manoeuvres: assessing the accuracy of simple visual inspection. Gait Posture. 2007;26:378–85.

• Myer GD, Ford KR, et al. Development and validation of a clinic‐based prediciton tool to identify female athletes at high risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury. American Journal of Sports Medicine; July 1, 2010;38

• Myklebust G, Engebresten L, et al. Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female team handball players: a prospective intervention study over three seasons. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 13:71‐78.

• Nguyen AD, Shultz SJ. Sex differences in lower extremity posture. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37:389–98.

• Prodromos CC, Han Y, Rogwowski J, et al. A meta‐analysis of the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament tears as a function of gender, sport, and a knee injury‐reduction regimen. Arthroscopy. 2007;23:1320–5.

• Schmitz RJ, Pye ML, et al. Changes in drop jump landing biomechanics during prolonged intermittent exercise.Sports Health. Mar 2014;128‐135.

• Schultz SJ, Schmitz RJ, et al. Changes in fatigue, multiplanar knee laxity, and landing biomechanics during intermittent exercise. Journal of Athletic Training. 2015;50(5):486‐497.

• Swanik CB, Stearne DJ, et al. The relationship between neurocognitive function and noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007;35;6:943‐948.

• Teitz CC. Video analysis of ACL injuries. In: Griffin LY, editor. Prevention of noncontact ACL injuries. Rosemont, IL: American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2001. pp. 87–92.

• Uhorchak JM, Scoville CR, Williams GN, et al. Risk factors associated with noncontact injury of the anterior cruciate ligament. A prospective four‐year evaluation of 859 West Point cadets. Am J Sports Med. 2003;31:831–42.

• Vaishya, R, et al. Joint hypermobility and anterior cruciate ligament injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 2013;21(2):182‐4.

• Wojtys EM, Huston LJ, Lindenfeld TN, et al. Association between the menstrual cycle and anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26:614–9.

• Wojtys EM, Huston L, Schock HJ, et al. Gender differences in muscular protection of the knee in torsion in size‐matched athletes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85‐A:782–9.

Page 22: Data Driven Return to Play: Post‐op ACL · 2018-07-26 · •5. Core Stability •6. Hip Strength •7. Running and Jumping Mechanics •Typically starts at 3 months post‐op 1

7/26/2018

22

Thank you