DATA, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE

STARTER ACTIVITY

Open the PowerPoint:

L Drive Miss Pickles Year 10 Data, Information and Knowledge

Complete Task 1:

Find a definition for these terms: Data Information Knowledge

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Understand the difference between data and information.

Be able to identify data, information and knowledge.

Suggest why data, information and knowledge is used.

DATA

Data are raw facts and figures that on their own have no meaning. (e.g. readings from sensors, survey facts, etc)

Data can be numbers, words, letters, images, sound etc.

INFORMATION

Information is data that has been processed by a computer system to give it meaning.

Processed can mean: having calculations performed on it converted to give it meaning organized in some way

DATA INFORMATION21041926A,A,A,A,B,B,C,C,C,D,D

2010, 93, digital TV

Date of Birth - 21st April 1926A student’s predicted GCSE grades

In 2010, 93% of UK homes had digital TV

KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge is derived from information by applying rules to it.

Draw conclusions, make judgements or opinions. Make predictions and decisions.

Data

100, M4

Information

A vehicle is travelling at 100 mph on the M4.

Knowledge

If we apply knowledge that the speed limit on

the motorway is 70 mph we now know

that the driver is breaking the speed

limit.

Example

COLLECTING DATA

Data can be collected ...

TURNING DATA INTO INFORMATION

To turn data into information it needs to be processed.

Data Processing Information

Data Processing Information

TURNING INFORMATION INTO

KNOWLEDGEUnderstand the information and learn from it. We apply rules to it to learn. We can then draw conclusions, make judgements or opinions, make predictions and decisions.

SUMMARY

Information Data Context Meaning

Processing

Data Raw facts and figures

Knowledge Information Rules

QUALITY OF DATA

Garbage In Garbage Out

GIGO (Garbage In Garbage Out)

If data input is poor the resulting information output will be poor i.e. corrupt, inaccurate etc.

MEASURING THE QUALITY OF DATA

Is the data fit for purpose? Is the data suitable for doing the job for which it was collected? Is there enough data? Has the correct data been collected?

Is the data accurate? Has the data been made up? Is some data missing? Are their any mistakes in the data?

Is the data bias? Are questions worded to prompt a certain answer? Has a broad sample of data been collected?

ENCODING DATA

Data is often coded when it is collected on input into an ICT system. e.g. M or F Mo, Tu, We, Th, Fr, Sa, Su S, M, L, XL, XXL

ADVANTAGES OF CODING DATA

Coded data is quicker to type in

It takes up less storage space

It is easier to check a code using validation checks

It is faster to access data that is coded

DISADVANTAGES OFCODING DATA

Precision of data can be lost In the example all

shades of blue are coded as “blue”

The user needs to know the codes used

Data in

Stored data

Pink Blue Black Blue

Pink Blue Black Blue

LET’S RECAP

What is data?

What is Information?

What is knowledge?

What does GIGO stand for?

What does encoding mean?