Data vs. Information tug

7/28/2019 Data vs. Information tug

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Data vs. Information

Data

raw facts

no context just numbers and text

Information

data with context

processed data value-added to data

summarized

organized analyzed


2/18


Data: 51007

Information:

5/10/07 The date of your final exam.

$51,007 The average starting salary of anaccounting major.

51007 Zip code of Bronson Iowa.


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Data 6.34

6.45

6.39 6.62

6.57

6.64

6.71

6.82

7.12

7.06

SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO INC.

$5.80

$6.00

$6.20

$6.40

$6.60

$6.80

$7.00

$7.20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Last 10 Days

Sto

ck

Price

Information


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Data Information Knowledge

Data

Information

Summarizing the data

Averaging the data

Selecting part of the data

Graphing the data

Adding context

Adding value


5/18

Data Information Knowledge

Information

Knowledge

How is the info tied to outcomes?

Are there any patterns in the info?

What info is relevant to the problem?

How does this info effect the system?

What is the best way to use the info?

How can we add more value to the info?


6/18

Information Systems

Generic Goal:

Transform Data into Information

At the Core of an Information System is aDatabase (raw data).


7/18

Information Systems (TSP and PCS)

Data doesnt just appear,Capturing Data is really the first step

These systems help capture data butthey also have other purposes (goals):

1. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

2. Process Control Systems (PCS)


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Capturing Data

What are some examples of real TPSs?

What kind of data is being capture?

How is this data transformed into

Information?


9/18

Data Processing

Recall that a basic system is composed of5 components

Input, Output, Processing, Feedback, Control

Typically processing helps transform datainto information.

Input OutputProcessing

Raw Data Information


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Processing

Summarizing

Computing Averages

Graphing

Creating Charts

Visualizing Data


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Processing: Great Example

Navigation System Specialized Geographic Information System

Input: Maps, Addresses, Points of Interest,

Yellow Pages Processing:

Computing Shortest Paths;

Finding the Nearest Chinese Restaurant

Output: Directions (each turn + a map with arrows) List of nearby Chinese Restaurants (sorted by dist.)


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Analysis Navigation System

Recall that Information Systems have fivemore specific components:

People, Data, Communication Network,Hardware, Software.

In a Navigation System

what is the Communication Network? what is the Hardware?

who are the People?


13/18

Course Goal: Help you analyze systems?

Step 1: Always ask yourselfWhat is the

purpose of the system?

Step 2: Identify People, Data, Hardware,Software, Communication Network.

Step 3: Identify Input, Output, Processing,

Feedback, Control.


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Navigation System Feedback

So what is the feedback in a navigation system?

Feedback is information about how the system

is performing. Feedback can help you identify problems with the

systemso you can improve it.

Feedback helps you determine if the system is

achieving its goal. In a heating system, the feedback was the actual

temperature.


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Navigation System Control

So what are some of the controls in anavigation system?

Control: Changing a variable to help thesystem reach its goal or to set a new goal.

In a heating system, the control was the

desired temperature.


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Navigation System Control

Obviously, entering a new destination

Not so obvious

zooming in

changing the map view

selecting an alternative route


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Key Points

A Navigation System takes raw data(maps, locations) and displays it visually

(data information) so that it iseasier to drive to a location.Goal

The feedback (your current location) is

perhaps the most important feature. Paper maps can NOT show your location.


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Geographic Information Systems (GIS

In lab we are going to learn moreabout

1. GIS systems Data more informational (more valuable) if you

visualize it on a map.

2. Attributes that make information more

valuable Information is more valuable if it helps you

achieve your goal.

Documents

Data vs. Information tug