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Roadmap Automation in Road Transport. Date: 1 October2013 Meeting: Concertation meeting VRA Speaker and organisation: Maarten Oonk, TNO. Purpose of the WG Automation. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Date: 1 October2013
Meeting: Concertation meeting VRA
Speaker and organisation: Maarten Oonk, TNO
[ Roadmap Automation in Road Transport
[ Purpose of the WG Automation
“The mission of the working group on automation is
to identify how automation and its subsequent
applications can help to improve efficient, clean,
safe and reliable road transport now and in the
future and what is needed to foster deployment and
implementation.”
The objectives of the working group are:
“Act as a forum for understanding the current state
of the art in automation in Road Transport, explore
and promote the potential of automation and
applications for intelligent and sustainable mobility
and providing a clear direction for the challenges of
the future”
[ Roles and activities
Define roadmap Automation Organise meetings with WG Disseminate results via
various events Align with
internationalisation WG; Provide input to the tri-lateral
working group
[ Roadmap
One for urban & one for interurban scenario’s
Whole spectrum considered from driving assistance to autonomous vehicles;
Description of several functions Detailed description of relevant needs for
R&D Recommendations on R&D Recommendations on large scale piloting
5
Activity TRL 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Regulation and standards
Scientific research 1
Technological research
2 / 3 / 4
Industrialisation 8 / 9
Pilot / large scale demonstrator
5 / 6 / 7
Traffic Jam Assistant
AEBS
CA-BS
Full AutomationDynamic Speed
adaptation
Co-operative mobility -Supervised Automated
Driving
Interactive
SOA
SOA
SOA
Mile-stone 2
Mile-stone 3
Mile-stone 1
Mile-stone 2
Mile-stone 2
Energy Efficiency Intersection Control
Urban platooning
Automated Intersection
Cooperative transport systems for smart
mobility
Dynamic SpeedAdaptation
Cooperative Systems for energy efficient and sustainable mobility
Full Automation
Cooperative transport systems for smart
mobility 2
Automated intersection
Mile-stone 3
Mile-stone 3
Interconnected trafficUrban Automated traffic
Collaborative Automation
Automated safety
[ ROADMAP
6
Use case definition “Intersection assistance”Scenario: Urban Environment
Function: Intersection assistance
Automation level Driver assistance
Description: This function enables drivers at intersections to get direction specific or direction dependent warnings (based on the combination of position at the intersection, the indicator use, the destination (based on travnav info) etc.) for potential conflicts with other cars or users (pedestrians, cyclists) and can also control the vehicle(s) with the objective of collision avoidance if necessary.
Benefits: Increased safety and comfort for the drivers, specifically at complex and unknown intersections with lot’s of potential conflicts;
Increased safety for VRU’s Possibilities of reducing the safety margins for intersection control with the benefit of higher efficiencies Options for more adaptive traffic control based on real-time intersection specific OD information.
Value proposition: • Reduction in societal costs of traffic casualties;
• Less waiting times for drivers and smoother traffic flows
Topic Issues & research area’s Maturity level [1-5]
Legal aspects
Technical developments
Reliable and real-time perception (incl. VRU detection) V2X communication Accurate digital maps Data fusion among sensors, maps and V2X communication Reliable and accurate positioning (lane level) Control/x-by-wire
3
C2C WIFI-p secure communication layer 1
Cognition & human factors
User – center design (applicable for all automation levels) Management of the interaction between the driver and the vehicle (interaction strategies) Maintain the driver’s workload in an optimal level (automation has dual effects on mental workload and may lead to both underload / overload situations) – definition of the optimal
level & measurement procedure Over-reliance as a result of adaptation / trust Driver in the loop (applicable even in highly automation level cases), situation awareness & response time Human – machine dynamic balance for any automation level
Traffic management
Crowded and congested intersection detection, collection, processing and distribution service to other cars 1
This could be a useful function for more efficient signal control at intersections due to more precise real-time information. 2
Modeling & simulation
I don’t see any resulting driving behaviour change that would be amenable to a new model.
stakeholders
Car industry 2
Development proces
Deployment issues
Would the drivers really bother to receive such warnings at each and every intersection?
Verification & certification
Standardization
security
Major research topic, as car’s my be hijacked 1
[ EXAMPLE USE CASE
• Legal aspects
• Technical developments
• Perception
• Cognition & human factors
• Traffic Management
• Standardization
• Modeling & simulation
[ RESEARCH TOPICS
[Next steps
Define next milestones for automation;
Set up of 2 sub working groups on two explanatory
functions:
Platooning on e-lanes
Smart Intersection control
Describing specific use cases and defining the targeted
outcome of a project;
Concertation meeting with identified stakeholders
Publish updated version of roadmap
Scenario: Highway
Function: Platooning
Automation level Highly automated
Description: This function enables platooning in specific lane. The vehicle should be able to keep
it position in the platoon with a fixed distance or fixed time difference from the front
vehicle. The behavior of the first vehicle (e.g. braking and steering) should be
transmitted be V2V communication The function should also handle vehicle that
wants to leave the platoon.
Up scaling and deployment can be reached as follows:
1) Start with trucks as there is a strong financial incentive due to 10% to 15%
fuel savings
2) Start with small platoons of only 2 trucks and co-operation with fleet-
owners in high density truck area.
3) Start with a system where drivers are still in the following truck, for legal
reasons
4) Setup an (open) fleet management system for trip matching between
equipped trucks of different fleet owners
Benefits: Increased safety and comfort for the drivers.
Increased reliability
Reduced environmental impact due to less aerodynamic drag.
Reduced congestions due to better utilization of lane area.
Value proposition: Truck: Increased fuel efficiency, see peloton business case, resulting in lower
operational costs.
Passenger: TBD
Targeted outcome CSA (or included in VRA)
A support action to prepare a large scale demonstrator defining the use cases
that should be demonstrated and setting the boundary conditions for these
use cases. Use cases should cover private and commercial vehicles (bus &
trucks).
A least the following must be defined for each use case:
Legal implication and solution
V2I & V2I requirement
Forming of platoon (e.g. entering & exit of platoon, pre-trip
defined or ad-hoc. Platoons)
How to handle mixed vehicle types
Safety issues
Estimated efficiency gains and business case
Lane road requirments (e.g. dedicated lane, left or right side)
The use cases should be evaluated by all relevant stakeholders and the key
outcome should be agreement on deployment strategy as input for the large
scale demonstrator. The agreed use cases should be possible to deploy in a
2020-2022 timeframe.
Large scale project, 2015
Implementing the scenarios defined in the CSA that fulfill the pre-req
[Next meeting