DAVE-LUNG CANCER.ppt

8/12/2019 DAVE-LUNG CANCER.ppt

1/15

PRESENTING

LUNG CANCER

BY

DAVE HUEY


2/15

Lung Cancer: Defined

Uncontrolled growth of malignant cells in

one or both lungs and tracheo-bronchial

tree

A result of repeated carcinogenic irritation

causing increased rates of cell replication

Proliferation of abnormal cells leads to

hyperplasia, dysplasia or carcinoma in situ


3/15

Picture of the Lungs


4/15

Lung Cancer in the US

According to 2004 statistics,

there were

173,770 new cases and

160,440 deaths yearly More deaths from lung

cancer than prostate, breast

and colorectal cancers

combined

Decreasing incidence and

deaths in men; continued

increase in women

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

1 3 5 10

New Cases

Deaths


5/15

Women & Lung Cancer

80,660new cases were reported in 2004

- Account for 12 % of all new cases

68,510deaths were reported in 2004

- An increase of 150% between 1974 and

1994

Women are more prone to tobacco effects -

1.5 times more likely to develop lung cancer

than men with same smoking habits


6/15

Where Does it Come From?

Radiation Exposure

Smoking

Environmental/ OccupationalExposure

Asbestos

Radon

Passive smoke


7/15

Smoking Facts

Tobacco use is theleading cause of lungcancer

87% of lung cancersare related to smoking

Risk related to:

age of smoking onset

amount smoked

gender

product smoked

depth of inhalation


8/15

Where does it travel?

Lymph Nodes, Brain, Liver, Adrenal,

Gland, Bones

40% of metastasis occurs in the

Adrenal Gland


9/15

Diagnosis

History and Physical exam

Diagnostic testsChest x-ray

Biopsy (bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, surgery)

Staging testsCT chest/abdomen

Bone scanBone marrow aspiration

PET scan


10/15

Symptoms

cough

dyspnea

hemoptysis

recurrent infections

chest pain


11/15

Syndromes/Symptoms secondary to

regional metastases:

Esophageal compression dysphagia

Laryngeal nerve paralysis hoarseness

Symptomatic nerve paralysis Horners

syndromeCervical/thoracic nerve invasion Pancoast

syndrome

Lymphatic obstruction pleural effusion

Vascular obstruction SVC syndromePericardial/cardiac extension effusion,

tamponade


12/15

Two Lung Cancer Cells, Classified

Non Small Cell Lung

Cancer (NSCLC)

Adenocarcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Large Cell Carcinoma

Small Cell Lung

Cancer (SCLC)

Oat Cell

Intermediate

Combined


13/15

Treatment and Staging

NSCLC

Stage Description Treatment Options

Stage I a/b Tumor of any size is found only in thelung

SurgeryStage II a/b Tumor has spread to lymph nodes

associated with the lung Surgery

Stage III a Tumor has spread to the lymph nodesin the tracheal area, including chest

wall and diaphragmChemotherapy followed

by radiation or surgery

Stage III b Tumor has spread to the lymph nodeson the opposite lung or in the neck Combination ofchemotherapy and

radiationStage IV Tumor has spread beyond the chest Chemotherapy and/or

palliative (maintenance)

care


14/15

SCLC

Limited StageDefined as tumor involvement of one lung, themediastinum and ipsilateral and/or contralateralsupraclavicular lymph nodes or disease that can

be encompassed in a single radiotherapy port.

Extensive Stage

Defined as tumor that has spread beyond one

lung, mediastinum, and supraclavicular lymphnodes. Common distant sites of metastases arethe adrenals, bone, liver, bone marrow, andbrain.


15/15

Conclusion

Smoking cessation is essential for

prevention of lung cancer.

New screening tools under way.

Clinical trials under way.

New treatments under way.

Treatment can palliate symptoms andimprove quality of life.

Read first bullet again!!

Documents

DAVE-LUNG CANCER.ppt