Step 1. Sort the following kingdoms into the correct domains listed. (Record the correct answers into the table below.)Fungi Plantae Eubacteria Protista Animalia Archaebacteria Archea Bacteria Eukarya

fungiArchaebacteria eubacteria protista

animaliaplantae

Step 2. Match the defining characteristics to each of the kingdoms using the word bank below. Record your answers.Archaebacteria Animalia Protista Fungi Plantae Eubacteria

1. _____protista_______Eukaryotic single celled organisms that are not animals, plants or fungi.2. ______fungi______Eukaryotic multicellular organisms that digest food outside of their bodies, also known as

decomposers.3. _____plants_______Eukaryotic multicellular organisms that are autotrophic and are the base of the food chain

as producers. They do not move and are composed of roots, stems and leaves.4. ______animals______Eukaryotic multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and move at some point during

their life span. Very diverse kingdom. 5. _____archaebacteria_______Prokaryotic single celled organisms that are known for living in extreme

environments. 6. _____eubacteria_______Prokaryotic, commonly known bacteria that are classified by shape, need for oxygen

and ability to cause disease.Step 3. VirusesPart 1. Label the parts of a virus.

Lipid Envelope Capsid Genetic Material

Part 2. Match the type of virus to its description.Bacteriophage Prion Viroid

Retrovirus1.______bacteriaophage___________Virus that only infects bacterial cells.2. _____viroid____________Virus made up of single stranded RNA that infects plant cells. 3. ______prion___________Virus made up of only protein and causes misfolding of other proteins. 4. ________retrovirus_________An RNA virus that is duplicated in a host cell using the reverse transcriptase

enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome.Part 3.

1. Label the lytic and lysogenic cycles below.

Genetic material

Lipid envelope

capsid

lyticlysogenic

2. Write a brief description of what is occurring in your own words for each cycle. Description of Lytic:_______Symptoms with in 24 hours of infection, takes over cell and produes new viruses._Description of Lysogenic:_____injects its genetic information into host DNA, gets reproduces each time host reproduces, can convert to lytic cycle.____

3. Give an example of each type of infection. Lytic:_________Flu__________ Lysogenic:___________Mono______________

4. Give 2 reasons that viruses are considered non-living. :______________________________cant reproduce on own, don’t eat, metabolize.________________

5. Define the term vaccine. Name the two ways vaccines are created: ____a weakened or dead strain of a virus that is injected into an organism to allow immune system to recognize and fight future infections.______

Step 4. BacteriaMatch term to the correct shape of bacteria. Bacilli Cocci Spirillia

Cocci bacilli spirillia

Use the following terms to answer the following questions:Endospore pink purple conjugation binary fissionBacteria are classified by their cell wall composition. Scientists test for the presence of peptidoglycan, by a process called Gram Staining. If this is present the cell, it stains ______purple__________. If it is not present and a second membrane is in place, the cell stains _____pink________.Bacteria reproduce by a process known as ______binaryfission__________. Bacteria may also exchange genetic information without producing new offspring using the process of _____conjugation____________.They have the ability to survive harsh conditions by forming a _____endospore______ and going into a period of hibernation until conditions become favorable.Sort the following terms into beneficial or harmful effects of bacterial cells in the environment.Food/product production Nitrogen fixation Disease Digestive aid Bioremediation Food spoilage

Beneficial Harmful Food production food spoilage Nitrogenfixation disease Digestive aidbioremediation

Bacteria can invade the body and cause disease in one of two ways, list them:Invading tissues and releasing toxins into the bodyDescribe how an antibiotic attacks a bacterial infection.___________________________________________it disrupts cell wall formation______________________________________________________________Explain the role humans have played in the evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria.________________________________________misuse, overuse, and underuse _______________________________________Identify/List 3 different bacterial infections that humans are susceptible to.____E. Coli, Strep throat, acne, ____

Step 5. Kingdom ProtistaMatch the following terms to the correct descriptions of the 3 major groups of protists.Algae Fungus-like Protozoa

1. _________protozoa________Single celled, eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic, animal like and classified by their method of movement.

2. _________algae________Single to multi-celled, eukaryotic organisms that are photosynthetic, and are classified by the pigments they contain.

3. _________fungus-like________Single/multi-celled, eukaryotic organisms that are decomposers and unlike true fungus can move.

Match the following terms to the type of locomotion.Zooflagellates Ciliates Sarcodines Sporozoa

1. _____ciliates______Use cilia, tiny hair like structures that beat back and forth for movement and feeding.2. ___sarcodines_______Use pseudopods or cytoplasmic projections to move.3. __sporozoa__________Are parasitic and use host/vectors to move, unable to move on their own.4. __zooflagellates____Use one or two whip like structures called flagella to move or propel organisms forward.

Sort the following terms into to the chart comparing positive to negative consequences of protists.Source of food Spread disease Source of oxygen Used in household products Cause plant rot Used in medications

Pros Cons Source of food spread diseaseSource of oxygen plant rotHousehold productsmedications

Step 6 FungiFill in the table below by providing both the common name and reproductive structure of each type of fungus.

Fungi Common Name Reproductive StructureAscomycota Sac ascusBasidomycota Club basidiaZygomycota Bread or common mold zygosporesDeutromycota Imperfect Unknown, asexual budding

Fungi reproduce differently than other organisms. Instead of male and female sexes their sexes are assigned a ____(+)_____ or ___(-)____. Opposite mating types fuse for sexual reproduction.

Fill in the sentences below by matching the correct term to the definition.Budding Hyphae Fruiting Body Chitin Mycorrhizae Mycellium

1. ____chitin_____________Tough polysaccharide that is found in the cell wall of fungi.2. ____hyphae_____________Long strands the make up the body of a multicellular fungus.3. _____mycellium________Underground network of hyphae that makes up the body of a multicellular fungus.4. _______fruiting body_________Reproductive structure that grows above ground in a fungus.5. _____mycorrhizae___Mutualistic relationship between fungus and the roots of plants to aid in nitrogen fixation.6. ________budding________Process of asexual reproduction observed in yeast and other imperfect fungi.

List 2 positive uses for fungi.___________food, medicine_________________________________________________________________List 2 negative effects of fungi._______________crop and human disease____________________________________________________

Step 7. PlantsMatch the four categories of plants to their descriptionsSeedless Vascular Angiosperms Seedless Nonvascular Gymnosperms

1. __seedless nonvascular___________Plants that require standing water for reproduction and life because they lack vascular tissue. Examples include: mosses and liverworts.

2. __seedless vascular_____________Plants that require standing water for reproduction but have vascular tissue. Examples include: ferns and horsetails.

3. __gymnosperms______________Vascular plants that have a naked seed called a cone and can live away from water. Examples include: pine trees and ginkgos.

4. ____angiosperms____________Vascular plants that have a covered seed, display flowers. Seed is typically incased in a fruit. Examples include: tulips, apple trees, orange trees, roses.

Label the reproductive structures on the flower given below.

Stamen letter G Petal letter JAnther letter F Sepal letter IFilament letter H Ovule/egg letter APistil letter EStigma letter DStyle letter COvary letter B

Match the type of plant tissue to its major function.Ground Dermal Vascular

1. __________Dermal____________Tissue that makes up the covering of the plant, prevents water loss, forms bark and cuticle.

2. __vascular______________Tissue that is responsible for transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant; contains xylem (water transport) and phloem (nutrient transport).

3. _____ground____________Tissue that is responsible for plant growth, storage of nutrients, and in the leaves houses chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs.

Match the organ to its major function.Roots Leaves Stem

1. _____roots____________Anchors plants and absorb minerals and nutrients from soil.2. ______stem____________Provide support to plants, transport materials, and provide storage.3. _____leaves_____________Main site for photosynthesis. Allow for gas exchange and control water loss of plant.

Distinguish between monocots and dicots by filling in the chart below.Monocots Dicots

# of seed leaves 1 2# of flower parts multiples of 3 parts in 4 or 5Vein arrangement parallel netlikeArrangement of scattered ring patternvascular tissue

Answer the following questions about plant life cycles and reproduction using the terms below.Alternation of generations Vegetative reproduction Double fertilization DormancyPollination Fragmentation Germination

1. _alternation of generations__ Ability of a plant to alternate between a sporophyte and gametophyte stage.2. ______pollination_______ Transfer of pollen from male to female flower.3. ____double fertilization_________ type of fertilization that occurs only in angiosperms in which one sperm

cell fertilizes the egg,while the second fuses with the polar bodies to form endosperm to provide nourishment for the developing embryo.

4. ___dormancy__________period of time when seed is at rest and is not growing.5. ___germination__________ period when the seed starts to crack out of the shell and grow.6. ______fragmentation_______ asexual form of plant reproduction that involves using a piece of the original

plant and replanting it.7. _____vegetative reproduction_________ another form of asexual reproduction in which a piece of a plant is

attached to the parent plant to reproduce.Answer the following questions about plant response and adaptations.Ethylene Thigmotropism Gibberellins Photoperiodism Auxins Gravitropism Phototropism

1. __ethylene______ Hormone in plants that causes them to ripen when exposed to it.2. ____auxin_______ Hormone that causes cell lengthening in the plant.3. __gibberellins_______Hormone that is responsible for excessive growth in plants.4. _____phototropism______Plant response to sunlight/light. Know to grow toward light source.5. _____thigmotropism______Plant response to touch. Plant clings to or wraps around and grows up to touch.

6. _____gravitropism______Plant response to pull of gravity. Both negative and positive gravitational pull responses observed.

7. _____photoperiodism______Plants responding to seasonal changes. Ex. plants losing their leaves during the winter and shutting down photosynthesis.

Step 8. General Animal Kingdom Characteristics

Identify the types of symmetry found in the organisms below.

__________asymmetric_______ ______bilateral____________ ___________radial_______

All animals share the following characteristics. (Circle the answer to make the statement correct.)1. Cell tissue contains collagen or chitin .2. Diploid cells that usually reproduces by sexual or asexual reproduction.3. Cells are diploid or haploid . 4. Most animal cells contain box or hox genes that determine early embryonic development. The expression

of these genes determines what traits will develop.5. Label the 3 germ layers that determine the body cavity structure of an organism. Use the following terms:

Endoderm mesoderm ectoderm

ectoderm

6. Distinguish between the three terms used to describe body cavities. Label the diagram using the terms below. Acoelomate pseudocoelomate coelomate

a. Pseudocoelomateb. Coelomatec. Acoelomate

Use the following terms to fill in the blanks.Blastula Gastrula7. ___Gastrula________is an interior movement

of cells that result in a reorganization of the embryo from a simple spherical ball of cells, the _____blastula_____, into a multi-layered organism.

endoderm

mesoderm

8. Distinguish between the terms protostome and deuterostome. P: mouth forms first and then the anus, all invertebrates except deutrostomes, D: anus forms first, and then mouth forms

Step 9. InvertebratesMatch the phylum to its description.Porifera Nematoda Arthropoda Annelidia Platyhelminthes CnidariaMolluska Echinodermata1. _________Porifera_______Multi-celled organisms that have no specialized tissue, only specialized cells,

asymmetric, sessile in their adult form.2. ________Cnidara_________Multi-celled organisms that have specialized tissue and cells. Known for their

nematocysts (stinging cells) that help capture prey, and primitive nerve net. 3. _________Platyhelminthes________Multi-celled organisms that have 3 germ layers, no body cavity. Most are

parasitic, few free living species. First to display cephalization with ganglia.4. ____Nematoda______________Multi-celled organisms that have 3 distinct germ layers with a pseudocoelom.

Parasitic with a primitive digestive system. 5. ______Annelidia___________Multi-celled organisms that have 3 distinct germ layers with a true coelom. They

display a segmented body, brain and aortic arches that act as a primitive heart. 6. ___________Mollusks_____Multi-celled organisms that have a complete digestive tract, species display either

an open or closed circulatory system based on need for oxygen(speed). All share the common features of a radula, mantle, and shell (some are internal, some external).

7. ____________Echinoderms____________Multi-celled organisms that have radial symmetry as adults, a water vascular system and tube feet. They are the most closely related to vertebrates in that they are deuterostomes.

8. ____________arthropoda____________Multi-celled organisms that display 3 distinct characteristics: exoskeleton made of chitin, jointed appendages, and segmented bodies. Respiration occurs through gills or book lungs. Display an open circulatory system.

Label the diagram below as either complete or incomplete metamorphosis.

______________Incomplete__________ ___complete metamorphosis_______________

Phylum ChordataChordates share 4 physical traits. Label the traits on the diagram below using the following terms:NotochordTail

hollow nerve cordtail

notochord

pharyngeal slits

Dorsal hollow nerve chord

Pharyngeal gill slits

notochord

tail

There are two groups of chordates that are not vertebrates (contain a vertebral column). Match the two groups to their defining characteristics.Lancelets Tunicates

1. _________tunicates________Organisms that are both free swimming and sessile. Display all characteristics in larval form but not in adult form.

2. ____lancelets_____________Organisms that are small eel-like animals that retain all four characteristics of chordates into adulthood.

Match the following terms to their definitions. Endoskeleton Placenta Oviparous Ectotherm Amniote OvoviviparousTetrapod Amniotic egg Endotherm Keratin Viviparous

1.______endoskeleton__________Internal skeleton made built of bone or cartilage that grows with the organism.2.__________tetrapod________Vertebrate that has four limbs.3._______amniote___________Vertebrate that has a thin, tough membranous sac that encloses the embryo or fetus.4.________keratin___________Protein that binds to lipids inside the cell forming a waterproof barrier to keep internal water from reaching the skin.5.______amniotic________Egg that is almost completely waterproof that allowed for life to move from water to land.6.______placenta___________Membranous organ that develops in female mammals during pregnancy and provides nutrients to the developing fetus and removes waste.7._______ectotherm____________Organisms that are unable to regulate their own body temperature and their temperature reflect their environment’s temp.8.______endotherm____________Organisms that are able to regulate their own body temperature through metabolism. Their body temperature remains relatively constant.9._____oviparous_____________Organisms that lay their eggs outside the body for development.10._________viviparous___________Organisms that give birth to live organisms. Develop inside the mother’s body and not in an egg.11.____ovoviviparous_____________Organisms that the eggs develop inside the mother’s body and then the mother gives live birth.

Step Veterbrate Phyla Match the phyla to the description.Agnatha Aves Osteichthyes Amphibia Chondrichthyes Reptilia1 Agnatha________________Jawless fish, open circulatory system, respire through gills, external fertilization, toothlike projections to latch on and eat pray. 2.___ Chondrichthyes _________Cartilaginous fish with 2 loop closed circulatory system. Use a lateral line system to detect movement in the water, have jaws, respire through gills, and have true kidney to filter wastes from blood and conserve water.3.____Osteichthyes_____________Bony fish that make up 2 different groups, ray fins and lobe fins, closed circulatory system, use swim bladder to adjust buoyancy, respire through gills and have kidney to filter waste.4._____________Amphibia__________Tetrapod organism that spends its life between water and land. Organism breathes through skin, poorly developed or no lungs, 3 chambered heart, external fertilization. Frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians are examples.5.___________Reptilia____________Ectotherms covered with dry scales or plates, lay amniotic eggs, have closed 3 chambered heart, with exception of crocodilians that have a 4 chambered heart, strong lungs. Examples include: snakes, lizards, alligators and crocodiles.6.______Aves__________Feathered animals that are endothermic, have a 4 chambered heart, hollow bones, fused collarbones, scales on feet. They have a one way air flow for maximum efficiency of oxygen intake. Examples include: Finch, parrots and ostrich.

Mammals1. List the 3 characteristics shared by all mammals.___middle ear bones, hair and mammary glands_____

Match the types of mammals to their description.Marsupial Placental Monotremes

1._____monotremes_____________Egg laying mammals that are similar also to reptiles. Lay eggs through a cloaca, have an amniotic egg, but nurse their young.2._______marsupial___________Mammals that give birth to immature and underdeveloped live young that grow to maturity in a pouch. 3.____placental____________Mammals that give birth to live young that have completed fetal development.

Heart

1. Describe the difference between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.__________oxygenated blood travels from the lungs to the rest of the body, deoxygenated blood is being returned to the lungs to release the co2_

2. What are the two chambers of the heart? Atria and ventricles________________3. What is the benefit of a four chambered heart over a 3 chambered heart?_________there is no mixing of the

oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in a 4 chambered heart, it is the most efficient .__________

Animal BehaviorsComplete the definitions below by matching the correct term to the definition.Stimulus circadian rhythm biological clock hibernation migration cognition

Instinct habituation classical conditioning operant conditioningImitation imprinting survivorship territoriality altruism1.________cognition_________mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning and judgment.2._________circadian rhythm__________daily cycle of activity that occurs over a 24 hour period of time.3.____classical conditioning_____________process by which an organism learns to associate a previously neutral stimulus with a reward or punishment.4.______altruism_____________behavior in which an animal reduces its own fitness to help the other members of its social group.5._____biological clock____________internal mechanism that controls an animal’s activity patterns.6.____imitation____________process by which an organism learns a behavior by observing other individuals.7. ._________imprinting______________process by which a new born organism quickly learns to recognize another animal such as a parent.8.____________instinct___________inborn pattern of behavior that is characteristic of a species.

9._________operant conditioning___________process by which a behavior increases or decreases as the result of a reward or punishment.10.__________survivorship_____________probability of surviving to a particular age.11.__________stimulus_____________something that causes a physiological response.12.__________territoraliity_____________behavioral pattern in which an organism controls and defends a specific area.13 ._________hibernation______________behavior in which an animal avoids environmental temperatures by entering into a dormant state.14._________migration_______behavior in which internal and external stimuli signal animals to move to avoid harsh conditions in their home range for a part of the year.