Deafness and Hearing Impairment

(EDU2802)

Done by:

Aisha Mohammed

Shayma Mohammed

Higher College of Technology

Ras Al Khaima Woman’s College

Outline • Definition Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• History Of Deafness And Sing Language.

• Causes Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• Terminology About Deaf And Hearing Impairment.

• Characteristics Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• Diagnosis Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• How to Treat Deafness?

• Policy Of Integration Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• Accommodations Appropriate For SEN.

• IEP For Deafness And Hearing Impairment.

• Professionals of deaf and hearing impairment.

• Assistive Technology.

• Famous Faces.

• Myths and facts.

• References List.

Definition Of Deafness And Hearing Impairs

• Deafness: is a disorder affecting the ability to hear. Deafness

includes a complete inability to hear. (Guiney, 2000).

• Hearing Impairment: is dysfunction in the ear, the nerves or

the brain; total or partial; temporary or permanent. (Guiney, 2000).

History Of Deafness and Sing Language

• In the 1600s, the Benedictine monk Pedro Ponce de Leon developed a means to

teach deaf people to speak. At about the same time in Italy, Geronimo Cardano, a

physician, successfully taught his deaf son to communicate using a variety of

symbols.

• In 1760, the French priest Charles Michel de L’Eppe, created a free public school

for the deaf – the first of its kind.

• Graham Bell mother’s was born hard of hearing and his father worked on a form

of sign language called “visible speech.” He used the funds from his telephone

invention to develop the Volta Bureau, a school to teach hearing-impaired

children.

(Libal,2008, p. 90).

Causes Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment

Congenital Causes:

Maternal rubella, syphilis or certain other infections during pregnancy.

Low birth weight. (Marschark, & Hauser, 2008).

Birth asphyxia (a lack of oxygen at the time of birth). (Marschark, & Hauser,

2008).

Inappropriate use of ototoxic drugs (such as aminoglycosides, cytotoxic

drugs, antimalarial drugs and diuretics) during pregnancy. (Marschark, &

Hauser, 2008).

Acquired Causes:

Infectious diseases such as meningitis, measles and mumps can lead to

hearing loss.

Chronic ear infection, which commonly presents as discharging ears, can

lead to hearing loss. (Marschark, & Hauser, 2008).

Collection of fluid in the ear (otitis media) can cause hearing loss.

Use of ototoxic drugs at any age. (Marschark, & Hauser, 2008).

Head injury or injury to the ear can cause hearing loss.

Excessive noise. (Marschark, & Hauser, 2008).

Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) is caused by degeneration of sensory

cells. (Marschark, & Hauser, 2008).

Causes Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment

Terminology About Deaf And Hearing Impairment

• Audiology is the branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and

related disorders.

• Audiogram is measures the degree of hearing loss.

• Tympanometry-measure middle ear fluid and pressures.

(Russo, 2011).

Characteristics Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment

• Speech Delays.

• Communication Difficulties.

• Selective Hearing.

• Behavioral Characteristics.

• Differential Diagnosis.(Russo, 2011).

Diagnosis Of Deafness And Hearing Impairment

• Otoscopy-examination of the structures inside the ear

• Bone vibrator (also called a tuning fork test)-helps to determine the type of

hearing loss.

• Audiogram (also called a hearing test)-measures the degree of hearing loss

• Tympanometry-measure middle ear fluid and pressures

• Brainstem auditory evoked response-measures electrical response in the brain to

sounds in order to help determine the exact location of certain hearing problems

• CT scan -a type of x-ray that uses a computer to make pictures of the inside of the

body, in this case the head.

(Deafness Diagnosis, n.d)

Audiogram measures the degree of hearing loss

How to Treat Deafness and hearing impairment?

Treatment for deafness depends on the type of hearing loss. Options may

include:

• Medical treatment-for example, removal of earwax or use of antibiotics to

treat an ear infection.

• Hearing aids-small devices that are worn in or behind the ear to help

amplify sounds.

• Cochlear implant -a surgically implanted electronic device that helps

provide sound to a person.

(Deafness Treatment, n.d)

Policy Of Integration Deafness And Hearing Impairment

• The World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) promotes and safeguards the right of all Deaf

people to quality education, starting at birth and throughout life.

• They have right to work.

• There are many centers for special needs (deaf) people in the UAE.

Examples: Zayed Higher Organization for Humanitarian Care & Special Needs in Abu Dhabi,

Al Noor Training Centre for Children with Special Needs in Dubai and The Rashid Centre in

Dubai.

http://

www.expatwoman.com/abudhabi/monthly_abudhabi_faqs_Special_Needs_Resources_and_Sup

port_In_The_UAE_9261.aspx

Accommodations Appropriate For SEN

Hearing Impairment Students: Place the child near the adult in group work.

Speak directly to the child.

Stress word beginnings and ending.

Reinforce speech with facial expression, sign or gesture.

Reinforce speech with visual backup-print and pictures.

When other children answer, repeat their answers aloud.

Rephrase or repeat words and phrases that may have been misheard.

(Marschark & Hauser, 2012).

Deafness Students:

Find out from the deaf child’s family what types of communication they use.

Take time to explain to the children why the deaf child doesn’t respond when

they speak to him. (Ideas for Teaching Deaf Children in Primary, n.d)

Explain to your class that the deaf have a special language that helps them

communicate. (Ideas for Teaching Deaf Children in Primary, n.d)

Vary your teaching methods.

Avoid giving the child such special treatment that he stands out as different. (Ideas for Teaching Deaf Children in Primary, n.d)

Accommodations Appropriate For SEN

IEP For Deafness And Hearing Impairment

• This is IEP of deafness students

http://www.ontariodirectors.ca/IEP-PEI/IEP-PEI_Eng_Downloads/Deaf%20&%20Hard%20of%20hearing%20elem.pdf

(Guiney, D.(2000) In P.Benton & T. O’Brien(Eds))

Professionals Of Deaf And Hearing Impairment.

Family:• Give support and care to their child.• Learn how to communicate with their deafness child.• Involve them in different deafness centers. • Give them appropriate assistive technology. School:• Organize different workshops to aware the teachers and children and deaf

and hearing impairment . Teacher:• lets deafness children work in group with others children.

• Involve the deafness children in classroom activities. (Libal,2008)

Assistive Technology

• Assistive Listening Device (ALD).

• Hearing Aids.

• Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TDD).

• Infrared Systems.

(Assistive Technology For Students With Hearing Impairments, n.d.).

Myths and Fact• Myth:

People who are deaf lead totally different lives than other people.• Fact:

In general, people who are deaf occupy their time just as anyone else. They work, marry, raise families, drive cars, use the phone, go shopping and pay taxes. Of course, individual differences may exist. But chances are when you meet a person who is deaf, you may share several similar interests.• Myth:

All people who are deaf can read lips.• Fact:

Some people who are deaf are very skilled speech readers, but many are not. Only 30% of spoken English is visible on the lips. (Libal,2008).

• Myth:

People who are deaf are less intelligent.

• Fact:

The inability to hear is unrelated to intelligence.

(Libal,2008)

Myths and Fact

Famous Faces

• Ludwig von Beethoven (1770-1827)went on to create some of his

most famous musical words after becoming deaf (Libal, 2008, p.39).

• Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931)who invented the telegraph, the light bulb

and creating of the first motion pictures (Libal,2008, p.55).

• Helen Keller (1880-1968) is author, activist, and a celebrity (Libal,2008, p.25).

Famous Faces • Gideon E (1842-1895) is a famous chemist (Libal,2008, p.79).

• Granville Seymour Redmond(1871-1935)is visual artist and a

silent film actor (Libal,2008, p.93).

• Thomas Gallaudet was a groundbreaking teacher of students with hearing loss

(Libal,2008, p.105).

Questions Or Comments

References List

• Assistive Technology For Students With Hearing Impairments.(n.d.). Retrieved from http://sped.wikidot.com/assistive-technology-for-students-with-hearing-impairment

• Deafness Treatment. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.thirdage.com/hc/c/deafness-treatment

• Guiney, D.(2000). The individual Education Plan. In P.Benton & T. O’Brien(Eds). Special Education and Beginning to teach (pp 28-43). London: Continuum.

• Ideas for Teaching Deaf Children in Primary. (n.d). Retrieved from https://www.lds.org/ensign/1986/06/ideas-for-teaching-deaf-children-in-primary?lang=eng

• Marschark, M., & Hauser, P. C. (2008). Deaf cognition: Foundations and outcomes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Marschark, M., & Hauser, P. C. (2012). How deaf children learn: What parents and teachers need to know. New York: Oxford University Press.

• Russo, J.(2011). Characteristics of Hearing Impairment and Deafness in Children. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/509643-characteristics-of-hearing-impairment-and-deafness-in-children/