Deformation of the margin of Sudety Mountains (Southern Poland) studied by Persistent Scatterers Interferometry

GEO-IN-SAR project – preliminary results

Zbigniew PerskiRamon Hanssen, Petar Marinkovic

4T12E04329 C1P.3915

Delft University of Technology, DEOS

University of Silesia, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Dept. Of Fundamental Geology

Agenda

• GEO-IN-SAR project objectives• Methods applied• PSInSAR results of Lower Silesia area• Geology and neotectonic activity within the area• Interpretation of PSInSAR results• Future work and conclusions

GEO-IN –SAR project

Research areas

TITLE: Application of SAR interferometric(InSAR) methods for the study of natural earth surface displacements in Poland

Funded by:•Polish Ministry of Scientific Research

(project 4T12E04329)•ESA CAT-1 project (C1P.3915)

The scope of the project: to use the newest developments in a field of SAR interferometry to measure recently occurring natural earth surface movements in Poland and near-border areas.

SAMBIA AND WARMIA AREA:the strongest perceptible natural earthquake in Poland occurs inSeptember 2004. Two shocks of M ~5.0,seismoactive zones, post-glacial rebound

LOWER SILESIA AREA:Complex geological structure, recently active faults

PODHALE AREA:Young alpine tectonics, geothermal springs, earthquakes

Methods applied• Persistent Scatteres SAR Interferometry – TUDelft implementation• Interferometric processing using DORIS software• Stacks of ERS-1/2 images acquired until end of December 2000 (to avoid

high doppler data)• Correction of topography with DTED Level 2 (not yet performed in all

causes)• Coregistration with optimization of window distribution based on amplitude

and optimization of the computation of coregistration polynomial• (G. Ketelaar & P. Mainkovic)

For details: see presentations of TUDelft group

„Lower Silesia” – processed crops

Paczków tectonic graben: recently active faults, geodynamical study (Cacoń et al 2003)

City of Wrocław: general data quality check

More crops are planned

Sudetic MarginalFault

Relative LOS displacements

mm/year

PSInSARdata of Wrocław city

Valuable signal?

Processing artifacts?

Trend?

Paczków tectonic graben

NYSA

OTMUCHÓW

Relative „uplift”?? ~ 4 mm/yr?

Water reservoirs in Paczków grabenHistorical levelingcampaigns: totalsubsidence of 93 mm (~6mm/yr ? 1965-1980?)

(Cacoń 2001)

Study area: Lower Silesia• The geological structure of the area is complex• Active faults are present: Sudety Marginal Fault and secondary-order

faults forming Paczków Graben. • Precise leveling measurements carried out since 80-s by Institute of

Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences.

Fault pattern and tectonic units of SW Poland(Badura et al. 2004)

Lower Silesia: recent vertical earth crust movements

Velocity [mm/yr]

Wyrzykowski 1985 Kowalczyk 2006

(Cacoń 2001)

Terrain topography - SRTM

Fractured clasts in thepleistocene river gravels(Badura et al. 2007)

Terrain topography + fault patternand tectonic units

(Badura et al. 2004)

Terrain topography - SRTM

Faults reactivatedduring Quaternary

Faults active inTertiary

Terrain topography + sub-Cainozoicsurface

(Badura et al. 2004)

Terrain topography + sub-Cainozoicsurface

(Badura et al. 2004)

Water reservoirs in Paczków graben

(Cacoń 2001)

Faults of different origins and age,Only few proved to be active in Quaternary

PSI processing

• 67 ERS-1/2 scenes• Master scene:

ERS-2 15.08.1996• 65 interferograms• „Blind” PS processing• Linear model applied• Topographic correction

not yet performed• Results confirmed by

independent processing of different crop over the same area

LOS Displacementsmm/year

PSInSAR results of Wrocław city

WROCŁAW: vertical movements of benchmarks between 1968 and 1998

(Grzempowski & Cacoń, 2003)

Linear velocityover 30 years:

1.3 – 2 mm/yr

Interpretation

The main cause of ground surface movements in the Wroclaw area – groundwater withdrawal for industrial purposes. In some areas the water level table was decreased of 44 m (Grzempowski, Cacoń 2005)

• Since 1990’s significant decrease of industrial groundwater use

• Crop needs to be extended

Paczków tectonic graben

NYSA

OTMUCHÓW

Nysa re

servoi

r

Otmuchów reservoir

NYSA

OTMUCHÓW

Paczków grabenPSI results:• Consistent over Nysa town: dense and strong network, similar values• Results confirmed by independent processing of larger crop• No unwrapping errors identified

Interpretation:• In ’90s industrial water level withdrawal stopped due to collapse of heavy

industry• In 1990’s drinking water pumping stopped due to its quality decrease

(increase of fluor content)• The latest precise leveling campaign (2003) does not confirmed

subsidence (Kowalczyk 2006)• Reactivation of tectonic structure ?• „Forebulge” effect due to additional load by water reservoir ?

Conclusions and future work

Conclusions:• Recent tectonic movement have not been clearly detected• Not sufficient data outside urban areas• Urban areas are very sensitive to ground water level changes• The „blind” experiment proved high reliability of PSInSAR resultsTo do:• Re-processing of ifgs. with correction to topography• Re-processing for more representative crops• Alternative processing with different master scene• Remove periodic signal and test other than linear model• Cross-validation with other methods (StaMPS, SBAS)