DelDOT’s Vision for

Connected/ Automated Vehicles

Gene Donaldson

October 13, 2016

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Agenda

Connected / Automated Vehicle Overview

USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle Guidance

State of the Industry / Anticipated Timeline

How DelDOT is Positioned / Timeline

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project

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Connected/Automated Vehicles Overview

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) are vehicles that utilize technology to communicate with other vehicles, the built environment, and the outside world

Purpose– Reduce crashes resulting from driver error

– Increase mobility

– Reduce vehicle emissions

Applications– Automated Driving Vehicles

– Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications (V2V)

– Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Interaction (V2I)

– Fully-connected/interactive travelers (V2X)

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Automated Driving Vehicles

NHSTA Identifies Five Levels of Vehicle Automation:

Level 0: The driver completely controls the vehicle at all times

Level 1: Individual vehicle controls are automated, such as electronic stability control or automatic braking

Level 2: At least two controls can be automated in unison, such as adaptive cruise control in combination with lane keeping

Level 3: The driver can fully cede control of all safety-critical functions in certain conditions. The car senses when conditions require the driver to retake control and provides a "sufficiently comfortable transition time" for the driver to do so

Level 4: The vehicle performs all safety-critical functions for the entire trip, with the driver not expected to control the vehicle at any time. As this vehicle would control all functions from start to stop, including all parking functions, it could include unoccupied cars

TESLA Auto-Pilot = Level 2.5

GoogleCar aims to achieve full Level 4 Functionalities

Source: Consumer Reports

Source: Google

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Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communication

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Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Interaction

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Fully Connected/Interactive Travelers (V2X)

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USDOT Highly Automated Vehicle (HAV)

Guidance

Released 9/19/16; Comments due 11/22/16

Establishes USDOT’s goals and priorities for regulating HAVs

Encourages states to allow NHTSA to regulate performance of HAV technology and vehicles– USDOT retains authority over safety standards

– States retain authority to license human drivers and register cars; enforce traffic laws; regulate insurance

Model State Legislation provides a framework for states wishing to regulate procedures and conditions for testing, deployment, and operation of HAVs

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Where is the Industry?

Small-scale pilot projects have been developed throughout the US– Focused on safety, freight, and arterial corridor operations

Auto/Equipment Manufacturers are well positioned to implement CV/AV Technologies and many have AV components in newer vehicle models.– Standardization and guidance is needed from Public

Sector

– Vehicle Fleet Turnover averages 8-10 years. Progress will be incremental – Anticipate 50% penetration by 2025

USDOT is focusing future CV initiatives around 5.9GHz wireless spectrum, which has been reserved through FCC

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General Timeline

2016 – Early Automated Technologies

2016-2020 – Limited V2V Availability

2018-2030 – V2I and V2V Implementation

2020-2035 – Self-Driving Vehicles

Future – “Shared Driving” Environment

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How is DelDOT Positioned?

DelDOT’s anticipated role is primarily in the V2I space with V2V applications within DelDOT/DART vehicles

Developed V2I Pilot Program Grant in 2015, but were unsuccessful in selection

Participating in AASHTO/ITS America V2I Deployment Coalition and AASHTO HAV Guidance Working Group

Participating in I-95 Corridor Coalition Connected/Autonomous Vehicle Executive Leadership Team

Robust ITMS Deployment – This is the next phase!

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What Can We Leverage?

Existing Telecommunications Network– Network Master Plan recently updated to incorporate

future V2I connections

Existing Delaware Transit Corporation Integration

Existing Traffic Signal and ITS Device Integration into TMC

Mobile App– Interim stopgap between full V2I deployment

Text-to-Voice Enhancements

Mobile Devices as Probes

Direct communications with TMC

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Why Should We Invest?

DelDOT is uniquely positioned to be a leader in CAV deployments– We operate or integrate to all transportation modes and facilities

within the state

– We have existing university and public sector partnerships that we can leverage for research and funding opportunities

CAV has the potential to significantly reduce highway crashes and fatalities

Implementation of CAV will allow for more effective utilization of existing roadway capacity by automating freeway and arterial operations to a greater degree

Once a significant penetration of CV equipped vehicles is achieved, the Cost: Benefit ratio of implementing V2I communications will be substantial

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DelDOT Timeline

2016 – 5.9 GHz spectrum license issued

2016 – 4.9 GHz wireless Phase I (Dover)

2017 – AI Project (Newark)

2017 – SPaT Challenge (Smyrna)

2017 +

– Additional deployment of roadside units (RSU) and

onboard units (OBU)

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V2I Networking Concept

DSRC

DSRC

4.9GHz

FIBER BACKBONE

NETWORK

TMC

DSRC

4.9GHz

Direct

Fiber

Leverage Existing Backbone Fiber network and future 4.9GHz connections to tie in 1,700+ field network nodes

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Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project

If a network is too large, or too many cases, with

a huge amount of data coming in (especially

when CV data is available), human brains

cannot process the data and make

comprehensive, timely decisions.

Build a computer/AI based tool, which can

enhance operations and build a foundation

which can support automating or semi-

automating TMC operations in the near future.

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The Project Covered Area• It is the corridor of I-

95 from DC to NYC, with parallel arterial US-40

• Wilmington and Newark, the state's largest cities, are clustered here

• This corridor has high incident rate: on average 10~15 crashes /accidents each quarter

• The test bed area includes 8 miles of I-95 freeway, 43 miles of state highway with 98 signalized

• intersections• key roadway segments

include I-95, US 13, US 40, DE 4, DE 7, DE 72, DE 273, DE 896 and Old Baltimore Pike

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Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project

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Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Project

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Questions?

For More Information:

Gene Donaldson, TMC Operations Manager

(302) 659-4601

Gene.Donaldson@state.de.us

www.deldot.gov