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Mary Kelly, RDH,MS
Oral Health Connections Mary Kelly, LLC
Dental and Diabetes: A Bi‐Directional Dilemma2019 Iowa Diabetes & Wellness Summit
I have no conflict(s) with commercial interest companies to disclose.
Diabetes Support Group
• Changed her diet
• Increased daily walking
• Taking her meds regularly
• Lost weight
• Still high blood glucose
Objectives
Understand the relationship between glycemic control and oral health.
Learn how to perform an oral health screening
Be familiar with common oral health diseases.
Be able to suggest oral hygiene management goals for their clients.
Create shared health improvement goals through interprofessional practice.
“You’re Not Healthy Without Good Oral Health” U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop
Causal
versus Association
Oral Health Connections
GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH
DiabetesReduced blood flow to the gum tissue.Increased dry mouth.
GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH
Periodontal (gum) disease
• Increased inflammation
• Leads to difficulty in glycemic control
Caries (Tooth decay)
• Tooth loss
• Pain
Xerostomia (dry mouth)
• Tissue changes
• Poorer nutrition
Oral Health Connection:
Diabetes & Periodontal Disease
• Periodontal disease
• Complication of diabetes
• May increase the severity of diabetes
• People with periodontal disease are twice as likely to have diabetes as those without periodontal disease.
• Diabetes predisposes to several oral infections.
Diabetes and Dental
• Dental cleaning results in lower A1C levels.
• So does daily toothbrushing!
Bi‐Directional Concern
• Gum disease makes diabetes worse.
• Diabetes make gum disease worse.
Mary Kelly, LLC Oral Health Connections 8
Dental and Diabetes
1‐3 mm are within normal limits (usually)4 mm can be gingivitis5 mm or more may mean bone loss
Bleeding is a sign of active infection.
About one third of people with diabetes have severe gum disease with 5 mm or more pocketing.
Dental and Diabetes:Nutrition
• Compromised chewing if fewer than 20 teeth present.
• Interference with absorption of nutrients.
Interprofessional Practice: Oral
Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
CLIENT’S ASSISTANCE
Oral Signs and
Diabetes
Delayed Healing
Bite changing
Fungal Infection
Loose teeth
Dry MouthPainful Chewing
Taste Changes
A checklist to facilitate oral examination by non‐dental providers and promote communication between
medical and dental providers.
Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205
©2011 by American Diabetes Association
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral
Health Screening
• Dental exam
• Dental cleaning
• Do you have more treatment to be done?
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health ScreeningBenign migratory glossitis.
Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205
©2011 by American Diabetes Association
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205 ©2011 by American Diabetes Association
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral
Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
CDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and Dentistry
Key Questions
• Patients should be referred to an oral health professional if the answers to these questions are “no” or “unsure”:
• Do you visit your dental provider at least once a year for a full‐mouth exam?
• Do you know how diabetes can affect your teeth and gums?
• Do you know the best way to brush your teeth and use dental floss?
• Do you know the early signs of tooth, mouth, and gum problems?
• Do you have any problems in your mouth, such as loose teeth, red or swollen gums, burning, difficulty chewing, or poorly fitting dentures?
Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening
Tobacco
Restricts blood flow
Increases gum loss
Delays healing
ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALSControl the Diseases! ORAL HYGIENE
MANAGEMENT GOALS
Twice a day
Fluoride toothpaste
ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS
ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS
Alternatives to floss to clean in between!
• Use before sleeping; mouth is driest
• Xylitol reduces harmful bacteria
• Lowers risk of tooth decay
ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS Water water water
Not How Much
but
How Often
INTERPROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
• Dental billing code for in‐office A1C testing
• New standard of care for people with diabetes ??? Pre‐treatment testing
• Treatment delays
• Untreated periodontal disease may delay surgeries.
• Uncontrolled diabetes may delay needed dental treatment.
Consult with a Physician?
• …….elective dental treatment may
need to be delayed in poorly
controlled diabetes
• Implants may be more complicated.
https://www.ada.org/en/member‐center/oral‐health‐topics/diabetes
Reduced Costs of Care • Diabetes patients save over 1800 per year if get teeth cleaned.
United Concordia
• Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts claims data shows that members with diabetes receiving Dental Prophylaxis and/or Periodontal Treatment had $144PMPM lower medical costs than members that did not seek these treatments.
Useful Resources
What Dental Professionals Would Like Team Members to Know About Oral Health and Diabetes https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/pdfs/ppod‐guide‐dental‐professionals.pdf
Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and Dentistryhttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/toolkits/ppod.html
DIABETES AND YOU: Healthy Teeth Matter!https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/pdfs/toolkits/working‐together/150‐healthy‐teeth‐matter.pdf
Thank You!
Connecting oral health and total care to:
Improve Overall Health Enhance Quality of Life Reduce Costs of Care