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Mary Kelly, RDH,MS Oral Health Connections Mary Kelly, LLC Dental and Diabetes: A Bi‐Directional Dilemma 2019 Iowa Diabetes & Wellness Summit I have no conflict(s) with commercial interest companies to disclose. Diabetes Support Group Changed her diet Increased daily walking Taking her meds regularly Lost weight Still high blood glucose Objectives Understand the relationship between glycemic control and oral health. Learn how to perform an oral health screening Be familiar with common oral health diseases. Be able to suggest oral hygiene management goals for their clients. Create shared health improvement goals through interprofessional practice. “You’re Not Healthy Without Good Oral Health” U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop Causal versus Association Oral Health Connections GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH Diabetes Reduced blood flow to the gum tissue. Increased dry mouth. GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH Periodontal (gum) disease Increased inflammation Leads to difficulty in glycemic control Caries (Tooth decay) Tooth loss Pain Xerostomia (dry mouth) Tissue changes Poorer nutrition

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Page 1: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

Mary Kelly, RDH,MS

Oral Health Connections  Mary Kelly, LLC

Dental and Diabetes: A Bi‐Directional Dilemma2019 Iowa Diabetes & Wellness Summit 

I have no conflict(s) with commercial interest companies to disclose.

Diabetes Support Group

• Changed her diet

• Increased daily walking 

• Taking her meds regularly

• Lost weight

• Still high blood glucose

Objectives

Understand the relationship between glycemic control and oral health.

Learn how to perform an oral health screening

Be familiar with common oral health diseases.

Be able to suggest oral hygiene management goals  for their clients.

Create shared health improvement goals through interprofessional practice.

“You’re Not Healthy Without Good Oral Health”  U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop

Causal 

versus Association

Oral Health Connections

GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH

DiabetesReduced blood flow to the gum tissue.Increased dry mouth.

GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ORAL HEALTH

Periodontal (gum) disease

• Increased inflammation

• Leads to difficulty in glycemic control

Caries (Tooth decay)

• Tooth loss

• Pain

Xerostomia (dry mouth)

• Tissue changes

• Poorer nutrition

Page 2: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

Oral Health Connection: 

Diabetes &  Periodontal Disease

• Periodontal disease

• Complication of diabetes

• May increase the severity of diabetes 

• People with periodontal disease are twice as likely to have diabetes as those without periodontal disease.

• Diabetes predisposes to several oral infections.

Diabetes and Dental 

• Dental cleaning results in lower A1C levels.

• So does daily toothbrushing!

Bi‐Directional Concern

• Gum disease makes diabetes worse.

• Diabetes make gum disease worse.

Mary Kelly, LLC      Oral Health Connections    8

Dental and Diabetes

1‐3 mm are within normal limits (usually)4 mm can be gingivitis5 mm or more may mean bone loss

Bleeding is a sign of active infection.

About one third of people with diabetes have severe gum disease with 5 mm or more pocketing. 

Dental and Diabetes:Nutrition

• Compromised chewing    if fewer than 20 teeth present. 

• Interference with absorption of nutrients. 

Interprofessional Practice: Oral 

Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Page 3: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

CLIENT’S ASSISTANCE

Oral Signs and 

Diabetes

Delayed Healing

Bite changing

Fungal Infection

Loose teeth

Dry MouthPainful Chewing

Taste Changes

A checklist to facilitate oral examination by non‐dental providers and promote communication between 

medical and dental providers.

Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205

©2011 by American Diabetes Association

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral 

Health Screening

• Dental exam

• Dental cleaning

• Do you have more treatment to be done?

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health ScreeningBenign migratory glossitis.

Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205

©2011 by American Diabetes Association

Page 4: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Beatrice K. Gandara, and Thomas H. Morton, Jr. Diabetes Spectr 2011;24:199-205 ©2011 by American Diabetes Association

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral 

Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Page 5: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

CDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and Dentistry

Key Questions

• Patients should be referred to an oral health professional if the answers to these questions are “no” or “unsure”:

• Do you visit your dental provider at least once a year for a full‐mouth exam?

• Do you know how diabetes can affect your teeth and gums? 

• Do you know the best way to brush your teeth and use dental floss? 

• Do you know the early signs of tooth, mouth, and gum problems? 

• Do you have any problems in your mouth, such as loose teeth, red or swollen gums, burning, difficulty chewing, or poorly fitting dentures?

Interprofessional Practice: Oral Health Screening

Tobacco 

Restricts blood flow

Increases gum loss

Delays healing

ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALSControl the Diseases! ORAL HYGIENE 

MANAGEMENT GOALS

Twice a day

Fluoride toothpaste

ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS

ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS

Alternatives to floss to clean in between!

Page 6: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

• Use before sleeping; mouth is driest 

• Xylitol reduces harmful bacteria

• Lowers risk of tooth decay

ORAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT GOALS Water water water

Not How Much 

but 

How Often

INTERPROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

• Dental billing code for in‐office A1C testing 

• New standard of care for people with diabetes ??? Pre‐treatment testing

• Treatment delays

• Untreated periodontal disease may delay surgeries. 

• Uncontrolled diabetes may delay needed dental treatment.

Consult with a Physician?

• …….elective dental treatment may 

need to be delayed in poorly 

controlled diabetes 

• Implants may be more complicated.

https://www.ada.org/en/member‐center/oral‐health‐topics/diabetes

Reduced Costs of Care • Diabetes  patients save over 1800 per year if get teeth cleaned.        

United Concordia 

• Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts claims data shows that members with diabetes receiving Dental Prophylaxis and/or Periodontal Treatment had  $144PMPM lower medical costs than members that did not seek these treatments. 

Page 7: Dental and Diabetes (Slides) - Des Moines University and Diabetes (6 slides).pdfCDC Tool Kit: Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and

Useful Resources

What Dental Professionals Would Like Team Members to Know About Oral Health and Diabetes    https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/pdfs/ppod‐guide‐dental‐professionals.pdf

Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Toolkit for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and Dentistryhttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/toolkits/ppod.html

DIABETES AND YOU: Healthy Teeth Matter!https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ndep/pdfs/toolkits/working‐together/150‐healthy‐teeth‐matter.pdf

Thank You!

Connecting oral health and total care to:

Improve Overall Health Enhance Quality of Life Reduce Costs of Care