Department of Defence · 2014-07-15 · Defence groups at RAAF Base WLM (including but not limited to Air Combat Group, Surveillance and Control Group, Combat Support Group and Defence

Department of Defence

INTRODUCTION OF THE HAWK LEAD-IN-FIGHTER (LIF) AT RAAF BASE WILLIAMTOWN

Environmental Status Report

Final | 14 August 2013

Hawk LIF Environmental Status Report, July 2013

www.globalskm.com

Hawk LIF Environmental Status Report , August 2013

Document title: Hawk LIF Environmental Status Report, August 2013

Version: Final V1b

Date: August 2013

Prepared by: Jonathan Coffey

Approved by: Kim Collings

File name: I:\ENVR\Projects\EN04186\Deliverables\Reports\EN04186_Hawk LIF Review of Environmental Conditions_Final V1b.docx

Sinclair Knight Merz ABN 37 001 024 095 100 Christie Street St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia PO Box 164 St Leonards NSW 2065 Australia

Tel: +61 2 9928 2100 Fax: +61 2 9928 2500 Web: www.globalskm.com

LIMITATION: This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of SKM’s client, and is subject to and issued in connection with the provisions of the agreement between SKM and its client. SKM accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for or in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party.

Hawk LIF Environmental Status Report, July 2013

www.globalskm.com

Contents

Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................................................. i 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Background Information ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Methodology......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4. Hawk LIF Commitments ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 5. Environmental Management and Monitoring ..................................................................................................................... 12 6. Noise................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 7. Flora and Fauna ................................................................................................................................................................. 26 8. Air Quality........................................................................................................................................................................... 30 9. Surface and Groundwater .................................................................................................................................................. 33 10. Waste Management ............................................................................................................................................................ 37 11. Heritage .............................................................................................................................................................................. 40 12. Health and Safety ............................................................................................................................................................... 43 13. Geology, Hydrology and Soils ........................................................................................................................................... 44 14. Traffic and Transport ......................................................................................................................................................... 46 15. Conclusions and Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 47 16. References ......................................................................................................................................................................... 49

Hawk LIF Environmental Status Report, August 2013

www.globalskm.com PAGE i

Executive summary

The Hawk Lead-In Fighter (LIF) was introduced to RAAF Base Williamtown (RAAF Base WLM) and Salt Ash Weapons Range (SAWR) in 2002 as a replacement training aircraft for the Macchi Jet Fighter trainer. An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) was prepared by URS in 2002 (URS 2002a) on behalf of the Department of Defence (Defence) to assess the potential impact of the introduction of the Hawk LIF into service at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR (to be referred to hereafter as the Hawk EIS).

The Hawk EIS was initially placed on public display between 15 April 2002 and 27 May 2002. Following this period of consultation a number of requested amendments were made to the Hawk EIS. A Supplementary Report to the Hawk EIS (URS 2002b) was prepared to address the submissions and comments received during the Hawk EIS exhibition period.

The Hawk EIS and supplementary report contained 25 conditions of consent agreed between the Minister for Defence and the Minister for Environment and Water Resources (formerly the Minister for Environment and Heritage) and the introduction of the Hawk LIF was approved under the Environmental Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act, 1974. In addition, 24 environmental safeguards were included in the Hawk EIS to further manage the potential environmental impacts associated with the introduction of the Hawk LIF into service. Collectively the conditions of consent and environmental safeguards are referred to as environmental commitments throughout this report.

Condition of Consent No. 25 requires Defence to develop an environmental status report to be provided to the Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC) at regular intervals (i.e. on a 5 yearly basis). In fulfilling this condition, GHD completed the first 5 yearly environmental status report; GHD (2007) Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Environmental Status Report.

This report represents the second 5 year environmental status report to assess Defences progress against meeting the environmental commitments.

Summary of outcomes

Information obtained and reviewed by SKM during the 2013 review of environmental commitments for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR support the following conclusions:

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS and referenced documentation provide the management framework to meet the majority of environmental commitments, and the broader environmental management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. However, the complex relationships between multiple Defence groups at RAAF Base WLM (including but not limited to Air Combat Group, Surveillance and Control Group, Combat Support Group and Defence Support Group) can result in difficulties in clear identification of overall responsibilities and accountabilities for actions such as those contained in the Hawk LIF EIS and conditions of consent.

Of the 49 environmental commitments outlined in this report, 46 have either met the environmental commitment and require no further reporting, or have met the environmental commitment but due to their nature require ongoing or periodical action.

There are 3 environmental commitments that require improved management and consideration in order to meet the requirements of the defined conditions of consent and/or environmental safeguards outlined in the Hawk LIF EIS (URS 2002a) and supplementary report (URS 2002b).


www.globalskm.com PAGE ii

The 3 environmental commitments requiring further improvement include:

Condition of Consent No. 20

The environmental management strategies employed at both sites will include an annual cycle of review and continuous improvement.

2013 Status Requires some improvement

Recommendations: The current process of review is inconsistent and requires proactive management and ownership from Defence. It is recommended that Defence establish a more formal management process to review the currency and effectiveness of the environmental management requirements and strategies identified in the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR site risk register.

Environmental Safeguard No. 15

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to waste management:

Waste Management Plans will be generated as part of EMPs for WLM and SAWR;

Establishment of a waste register for all waste materials generated on the sites. The register will include description of the materials, quantities generated, stored and disposed of;

Establishment of regular (eg. quarterly) inspections of the facilities to ensure all waste materials are being managed

appropriately;

Preparation of written procedures for:

o Maintaining and auditing the waste register; o Conducting audits of the burning/demolition of the bombs;

o Conducting inspections of the site (checklists will be prepared); and o Conducting audits of recycling by third party contractors.

Establishment of regular audits to ensure appropriate disposal of waste materials is being conducted by the disposal contractors.


Recommendations: Comprehensive waste management plans and procedures have not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. It is recommended that Defence prepare a comprehensive waste management plan to address all waste streams generated at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to groundwater management:

Development of a groundwater management plan.


Recommendations: A groundwater management plan has not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, however, the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS does provide a framework for periodic surface water and groundwater monitoring and management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.

It is recommended the current groundwater monitoring framework be used in the development of a comprehensive groundwater management plan to address both local groundwater influences (such as potential contamination from defence activities) and relevant NSW legislative requirements for water management within the framework of the NSW water sharing plan for the Tomago Tomaree Stockton Groundwater Sources.


www.globalskm.com PAGE iii

It is recommended that future reporting under Condition of Consent No. 25 should focus on achievement of those environmental commitments identified as requiring improvement in this report, and on the recommendations for improved management, communication and accountability of the Hawk LIF environmental commitments.


www.globalskm.com PAGE 1

1. Introduction

The Royal Australian Air Force (Air Force) has been present at RAAF Base Williamtown (RAAF Base WLM) since 1941. RAAF Base WLM is one of Australia’s primary fighter bases and houses both operational and training squadrons.

RAAF Base WLM and the nearby Salt Ash Air Weapons Range (SAWR) are used to train fast jet pilots within the Air Force Air Combat Group (ACG). Defence airborne operations include take offs, circuits and landings at RAAF Base WLM and weapons training operations at SAWR.

The Hawk Lead-In Fighter (LIF) was introduced to RAAF Base Williamtown (RAAF Base WLM) and Salt Ash Weapons Range (SAWR) in 2002 as a replacement training aircraft for the Macchi Jet Fighter trainer. An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) was prepared by URS in 2002 (URS 2002a) on behalf of the Department of Defence (Defence) to assess the potential impact of the introduction of the Hawk LIF into service at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR (to be referred to hereafter as the Hawk EIS).

The Hawk EIS and supplementary report contained 25 conditions of consent agreed between the Minister for Defence and the Minister for Environment and Water Resources (formerly the Minister for Environment and Heritage) and the introduction of the Hawk LIF was approved under the Environmental Protection (Impact of Proposals)) Act, 1974. In addition, 24 environmental safeguards were included in the Hawk EIS to further manage the potential environmental impacts associated with the introduction of the Hawk LIF into service. Collectively the conditions of consent and environmental safeguards are referred to as environmental commitments throughout this report.

Condition of Consent No. 25 requires Defence to develop an environmental status report to be provided to the Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC) at regular intervals (i.e. on a 5 yearly basis). In fulfilling this condition, GHD completed the first 5 yearly environmental status report; GHD (2007) Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Environmental Status Report.

1.1 Purpose of Report

SKM has been engaged to complete the second 5 year environmental status report to assess Defences progress against meeting the environmental commitments.



1.2 Scope

The following scope of works was undertaken:

A review of the agreed Conditions of Consent and other environmental safeguards outlined in GHD (2007) Environmental Status Report.

Review of relevant data, including but not limited to: o Defence Supports Operations documents (Environmental Management Systems, Environmental

Impact Statements).

o Strategic documents.

o Environmental monitoring data (including noise, air quality, surface and groundwater monitoring data etc).

o RAAF documents related to environmental management of air operations.

An environmental status review to assess the level of compliance achieved by Defence against each environmental commitment providing supporting evidence for this assessment and reporting status. The review included a site visit to RAAF Base WLM to consult with relevant internal stakeholders and key personnel.

Preparation of an Environmental Status Report on the findings of the environmental status review.



2. Background Information

2.1 GHD 2007 Environmental Status Report

In April 2007, Defence engaged GHD to conduct the first five-yearly environmental status review for the Hawk LIF in accordance with the requirements of Condition 25.

The following information has been sourced from GHD (2007) Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Environmental Status Report.

2.1.1 Summary of Outcomes

All 25 conditions of consent have been commenced, with the majority (21) having either met the environmental commitment and require no further reporting, or have met the environmental commitment but due to their nature require continual or periodical action. The remaining four conditions of consent have all been initiated but require further work to ensure the requirements are met.

All 24 environmental safeguards have been commenced, with the majority (19) having either met the environmental commitment and require no further reporting, or have met the environmental commitment but due to their nature require continual or periodical action. The remaining five environmental safeguards have all been initiated but require further work to ensure the requirements are met.

2.1.2 Conclusions

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS and referenced documentation provide the management framework for achievement of the environmental commitments, and the broader environmental management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.

The balance of environmental commitments not yet fulfilled have however been initiated. Some of these require the input of parties external to Defence and Defence is committed to continuing to work cooperatively and proactively on these issues. Defence will need to maintain the lead role in achievement of these commitments.

2.1.3 Recommendations

A number of recommendations for improvement to assist in continued achievement of the environmental commitments and continued improvement in the environmental management framework at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR were identified. Key recommendations include:

Continued and sustained commitment at all management levels within the military hierarchy to the implementation of the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS is required;

Further improved communications (internal and external) and transparency regarding flight programs and noise impacts;

Improved monitoring and reporting of key waste streams; and

Continued development of a RAAF Base WLM Emergency Response Plan encompassing risks to the general public for off-site emergencies.



3. Methodology

3.1 Desktop review

SKM undertook a desk-top review of background information, including publically available reports, meeting minutes and numerous RAAF Base WLM and SAWR investigation reports (both restricted and unrestricted). This review provided SKM with an opportunity to identify documentation supporting a number of Hawk LIF environmental commitments, and identified those environmental commitments where further management was required from Defence.

3.2 Defence personnel interview

An environmental compliance interview was undertaken at RAAF Base WLM on 23 May 2013. The interview was conducted by Jonathan Coffey, SKM Senior Environmental Scientist, and attended by Defence Support Northern NSW (DS-NNSW) Senior Environmental Manager (SEM), Helen Horn.

The status of implementation for each environmental commitment was reviewed during the interview and a review of relevant records and documentation provided by Defence as evidence of meeting the environmental commitment was observed (where available).

3.3 Ranking of Environmental Commitments

In order to provide a consistent ranking approach for the periodic review of the Hawk LIF environmental commitments, SKM adopted a similar ranking system as implemented by GHD (2007).

Table 3.1 provides the categories and colour coding adopted to reflect the current status of implementation for the Hawk LIF environmental commitments.

Table 3.1 : Categories for Status of Implementation

Completed

The requirements of the environmental commitment have been met and no further action is required.

Ongoing

The requirements of the environmental commitment have been met, however the nature of the commitment requires continual or periodical action to continue to manage the issue.

Requires some improvement

The requirements of the environmental commitment have been partially met. Additional measures are required to ensure the requirements are fully achieved.

Requires substantial

improvement

Little to no action has been taken to date to meet the requirements of the environmental commitment.



4. Hawk LIF Commitments The 25 agreed conditions of consent for the introduction of the Hawk LIF at RAAF Base WLM are detailed in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1: Conditions of Consent

Condition No. Condition of Consent Description

1

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for RAAF Base Williamtown (Williamtown) will be updated to incorporate the environmental issues identified in the impact assessment process. The plan will be updated to meet the requirements of the international quality assurance system ISO14001 which requires a review by an independent environmental auditor

2 The EMP for the Salt Ash Air Weapons Range (Range) will be similarly updated and reviewed.

3 The environmental management strategies at both Williamtown and the Range will include long-term noise monitoring. The impacts of noise will be reviewed periodically.

4 An Environmental Advisory Committee will be established at RAAF Williamtown to facilitate information exchange between RAAF and the community.

5 Defence will engage with local and state planning authorities to establish guidelines to ensure proposed developments within close proximity to both sites are compatible with Defence operational and training requirements.

6 An Estuary Management Plan for 12 Mile Creek will be developed which will consider opportunities for public access to waterways in the vicinity of the Range, consistent with the over-riding obligation to ensure public safety.

7 The RAAF will review the methods it uses to communicate its flying programs and schedules to the community in the Port Stephens area.

8 Defence will give priority consideration to implementing a noise attenuation program at the Salt Ash Public School to reduce the adverse impacts of aircraft noise.

9 Advice from the Port Stephens community will be sought about, and factored into planning of, operations at Williamtown and the Range to provide for respite periods.

10 Night flying at SAWR will be restricted to the minimum required to achieve operational and training targets. As a general rule there will be no flying after 9:00pm (Eastern Standard Time) and10:30pm during daylight saving.

11 The average annual use of the Range will not increase and will continue to be minimised as far as practical. The maximum 10-year rolling average for aircraft usage at the Range will be 115 days for all Hornet and Hawk operations.

12 Road signage in the Port Stephens area warning of low flying aircraft will be reviewed in consultation with NSW Roads and Traffic Authority.

13 Signage will be reviewed and any additional signage required will be erected around the perimeter of the Range warning of possible high noise areas.



Condition No. Condition of Consent Description

14 Should the responsible authorities conduct long-term health studies in the Port Stephens area, Defence will seek to ensure the studies include monitoring for signs of air toxins.

15 Air quality monitoring and air pollution abatement measures will be incorporated into the environmental management strategies implemented at both sites.

16 Relevant air emissions at Williamtown will be reported to the National Pollutant Inventory as part of Defence’s NPI reporting.

17 The EMP for both sites will incorporate Defence’s greenhouse gas reduction strategy including measures to reduce air emissions and fuel consumption during taxiing, take-offs and landings.

18 Surface and ground water quality monitoring will be incorporated in the EMP for both sites, with results to be provided to Hunter Water Corporation according to an appropriate process.

19 The EMP for both sites will incorporate measures for waste management and control of contamination. This will include management of toxic materials and waste generated during servicing and maintaining of aircraft.

20 The environmental management strategies employed at both sites will include an annual cycle of review and continuous improvement.

21 Indigenous artifacts, archaeological deposits and heritage sites identified at Williamtown and the Range will be catalogued, protected and managed in accordance with strategies identified in the EMPs. The plans will include consideration of impacts of aircraft attack profiles on heritage sites.

22 Any development proposals at Williamtown will be considered in accordance with Defence’s environment and heritage obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975.

23 Security at the Range will be improved by constructing a perimeter fence to preclude public access. Alternative strategies to fencing in estuarine and wetland areas will be investigated, and appropriate signage installed.

24 The EMPs developed for both sites will incorporate the requirements for RAAF operations as set out in formal Defence Instructions and will implement the safeguards identified in the Environmental Impact Study.

25 An environmental status report that addresses environmental issues and includes results of monitoring will be provided to the Department of Environment and Water Resources at regular intervals.



The 24 environmental safeguards included in the Hawk EIS are detailed in Table 4.2.

Table 4.2: Environmental Safeguards

Safeguard No.

Environmental Safeguard Description

1

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR

Environmental Management Plan:

EMP Phases 3A and 3B are about to commence and will include the proposed mitigation measures listed in Section 19 of the Hawk EIS, along with detailed procedures for undertaking the measures; and

The EMPs will also incorporate the elements of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems (EMS).

2

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental

safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to environmental monitoring:

The Phase 3B components of the EMPs for both the Base and SAWR will include a series of procedures, which will cover the environmental monitoring requirements for the two facilities;

Monitoring will include:

o Surface water quality;

o Groundwater quality;

o Air quality;

o Noise monitoring; and

o Waste monitoring.

Records of monitoring will be maintained in a register and regular reports will be issued providing summaries of data together with comments on any trends in quality, which may be occurring. Should adverse trends be occurring then the actions being undertaken to address the particular issue will be stipulated.

3


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to flight programs:

No reduction in the respite from SAWR usage (two-thirds of the year free from activities);

No training on weekends and public holidays, and SAWR usage only planned 115 days of the

year;

No loss of the weekend respite from SAWR usage;

No loss of the 11 pm to 7 am respite from SAWR usage;

Currently it is estimated that less than 20% of operational and training sorties conducted by Hawk

and Hornet aircraft plan to use the SAWR;

No new training circuits. (No noise over areas previously not receiving aircraft noise – the Hawk

circuits are those being flown by the Hornets);

Flight paths which avoid as much as practicable residential areas around the RAAF Base WLM

Base and SAWR;

No reduction in the existing buffer zone around Williamtown and SAWR; and



Safeguard No.


No change in Standing Orders/Standard Operating Procedures/ etc which:

o Restrict speeds during training to less than supersonic and supersonic speeds not conducted over land;

o Restrict flying at less than 1,500 ft (500m) except over the target of SAWR. Altitudes to be greater than 1,500 ft over residences/residential areas and a minimum altitude of 1,500 ft is observed over built up areas for SAWR; and

o 100% thrust is only used on take-off, recovery from the SAWR target area, when conducting evasive manoeuvres in military airspace (away from built up areas) or in emergency situations. Restrict flying at 100% thrust over residences/residential areas.

4 At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, efforts were being made to improve the present 1800 telephone number system advising the community of the planned flying program for any given week.

5

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to ecological management at RAAF Base WLM

and SAWR:

Existing ecological management controls operating at RAAF Base WLM in relation to the Macchi and other aircraft will continue to operate in relation to the Hawk aircraft.

Controls are managed as part of sites environmental management program. These relate to:

o The management of stored fuels including fuel risk;

o The risk of wildlife injury from aircraft strike; and

o Excess fuel dumping.

Existing ecological management controls operating at SAWR in relation to training activities will continue to operate in relation to the Hawk aircraft. Controls are managed as part of the site’s environmental management program. These relate to fire risk during practice.

6

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to slashing maintenance at SAWR:

A structured cleared area slashing maintenance program to ensure site condition is maintained and weed spread is not encouraged. Cleared areas are essentially grassed and are currently maintained as such by tractor mounted slashing. This applies to the road verges on the main access road, perimeter firebreaks and the bulk of the Target Area.

7


safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to regular site inspections at SAWR:

A program of regular site inspections to monitor site condition and possible site impacts at SAWR.

8 At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to wetland management at SAWR:

Management of wetlands in line with the Commonwealth Wetlands Policy.

9


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to aircraft emissions:

Aircraft emission reduction measures include:

o Idling time of aircraft waiting for take-off will be minimised; and

o Flight paths will be examined to ensure minimum distances are travelled (within the



Safeguard No.


constraints of other considerations such as noise and safety).

10


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Trade waste interception system:

Deficiencies in the existing trade waste interception system will be rectified at the Base;

Addressing the continuing infiltration of groundwater and sand into the stormwater drainage and the trade waste systems, and the detrimental impact this is having on the performance of the trade

waste interception system; and

Additional pollution control measures to compensate for the poor performance of the trade waste interception system (if the ground water infiltration problem is not overcome) and to deal with potential pollution sources beyond the catchment of the trade waste system will be implemented. .

11


safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to sewage treatment plant:

Deficiencies in the existing sewage treatment plant at the Base will be rectified.

12


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS:

Spill response procedures and control measures for fuel and chemical spills will be improved;

Pollution awareness and education campaigns for Base personnel will be improved; Training of Defence personnel and contractors working on the Base will be undertaken to ensure

that the workings of the trade waste/stormwater drainage system and the need to prevent/minimise the discharge of contaminants to the drainage system and consequent pollution of stormwater are better understood; and

Reviewing and updating as required, the existing clean-up procedures at the SAWR.

13

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to stormwater quality:

Improving the stormwater quality monitoring program including establishing stormwater quality criteria for the Base.

14

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to external reporting:

Hunter Water Corporation requested that a formal process be established for RAAF (Air Force) reporting groundwater monitoring results to them and opportunity to give input into determining the sampling and analysis to be carried out. Supplementary report noted that an "opportunity will be provided to Hunter Water for input into the groundwater sampling and analysis and a formal process established for reporting results to them".

15


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to waste management:


Establishment of a waste register for all waste materials generated on the sites. The register will

include description of the materials, quantities generated, stored and disposed of;

Establishment of regular (e.g. quarterly) inspections of the facilities to ensure all waste materials

are being managed appropriately;



Safeguard No.



o Maintaining and auditing the waste register;

o Conducting audits of the burning/demolition of the bombs;

o Conducting inspections of the site (checklists will be prepared);

o Conducting audits of recycling by third party contractors.


16


safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to the management of spent projectiles:

Investigation into long term solutions for the waste treatment / storage / disposal of spent projectiles.

17

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Non-Indigenous Heritage at RAAF Base WLM

and SAWR:

All contractors and employees will be directed to the provisions of existing Heritage legislation;

Defence will notify the Heritage Office of New South Wales and suspend work that might have the effect of disturbing, damaging or destroying such relics until the requirements of Heritage Office

have been satisfied;

The list of sites is to be maintained and updated as sites are identified; and

Any proposed activities that may impact on a heritage site are to be reviewed, assessed and appropriate approvals obtained before affecting the site as required by the Heritage Act.

18

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Moffats Swamp Dune Heritage Site at SAWR:

Conservation of all existing areas of archaeological deposit; Retention of all cultural materials on site; and Preservation of the site's natural environment including rehabilitation where modern disturbance

has taken place.

19

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to other Heritage sites (Saltwater Creek, Twelve

Mile Creek estuary and Pipeclay Creek sites) at SAWR:

Continue existing passive management of the sites by exclusion of non-SAWR personnel; and

No new development on sandy estuary margins near the sites.

20 At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to occupational hygiene monitoring:

Continuation of occupational hygiene monitoring for workers at the Base.



Safeguard No.


21

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Emergency Response Management:

Continuation of emergency response management; and

Extending emergency response management to consideration of risks for nearby residents to the Base.

22 At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to groundwater management:


23


safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to potential contamination:

Eliminating fuel spills;

Use of proper absorbent material to prevent spills from infiltrating into the ground and appropriate

training of personnel in spill response procedures;

Eliminating leakage from piping;

Removal of disused tanks;

Construction (where necessary) and maintenance of earth bunds and diversion drains to prevent

surface water from entering existing and former fuel farm areas;

Identification and proper abandonment of disused irrigation bores; If possible, removal of potential fuel sources from the areas in the vicinity of the HWC pumping

station; The potential for Aluminium to enter the groundwater at SAWR will be limited through maintaining

the existing screening procedures; and Landfilling will cease at SAWR and other measures will be sought for the safe disposal off-site of

collected spent ordnance.

24

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Hawk night-time operations to promote safety

especially during after-hours personnel movements related to Hawk night-time operations:

Extra illumination at Base gates;

Temporary signage to warn oncoming traffic; and

Management of Base gate through-traffic by guards on duty.



5. Environmental Management and Monitoring A total of nine environmental commitments fall within the field of environmental management and monitoring at RAAF Base WLM and SLWR. The status of these seven conditions of consent and two environmental safeguards are provided in Section 5.1 and 5.2 respectively.

5.1 Conditions of Consent

Conditions of consent No. 1, 2, 4, 20, 22 24 and 25 are considered to fall within the environmental management and monitoring discipline at RAAF Base WLM. The vast majority of the environmental commitments are long-term obligations that require ongoing management.

Table 5.1: Condition of Consent No. 1

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for RAAF Base Williamtown will be updated to incorporate the environmental issues identified in the impact assessment process. The plan will be updated to meet the requirements of the international quality assurance system ISO 14001 which requires a review by an independent environmental auditor.

Defence Comment

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS has been developed in accordance with the Defence Corporate EMS structure and is consistent with ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems.

The EMS has been reviewed and updated periodically since 2003. In 2005, an independent environmental auditor from Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) conducted a review of the EMS. In addition, workplace and system audits were undertaken by SKM in 2006, 2007 and 2009. Following these audits the aspects and impacts register was simplified and the objectives and targets were updated. Currently the risk register is under review to align it with current Defence risk management frameworks.

An independent review of the EMS will be undertaken following the completion of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) EIS process to allow any new conditions and safeguards to be incorporated.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM:

Annex A to RAAF WLM EMS OBJECTIVES, TARGETS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE. SKM (2007) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, 77SQN. SKM (2007) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, BAE Hangar TFSPO.

Comments and suggestions for improvements (if applicable): N/A

2013 Status Ongoing


The EMP for the Salt Ash Air Weapons Range (Range) will be similarly updated and reviewed.

Defence Comment

Refer to response for Condition No. 1.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: N/A


2013 Status Ongoing




An Environmental Advisory Committee will be established at RAAF Base Williamtown to facilitate information exchange between RAAF (Air Force) and the community.

Defence Comment

An alternative to an Environmental Advisory Committee was established in November 2003 known as the Williamtown Consultative Forum (WCF). The Williamtown Consultative Forum (WCF) is an important information sharing and co-ordinating forum for the three levels of government, elected officials and industry representatives to raise strategic issues associated with RAAF Base Williamtown and the SAWR.

In addition, in support of the WCF, an operational level group called the Williamtown Advisory Group (WAG) was formed in 2011. The WAG comprises local community representatives from Raymond Terrace, Medowie, Salt Ash, Williamtown and Tilligerry Peninsula and the Worimi Local Aboriginal Land Council. The group also includes representatives from Newcastle Airport Ltd, state and local government department officers, representatives from local business and the Hunter Business Chamber.

The WAG meets on a six monthly basis, just prior to the Williamtown Consultative Forum meetings. Minutes are recorded and are made publically available online at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO.


Department of Defence. 2013. Williamtown Advisory Group meeting minutes. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO. [Accessed 28 May 13].


2013 Status Ongoing



Defence Comment

In recent years resource constraints have impacted on Defence’s ability to conduct annual reviews on the EMS. As a result, an annual cycle of review of the EMS has not occurred, however, elements of the EMS, such as the risk register and objectives and targets were reviewed and updated in 2010.

The RAAF Base convenes a Work, Health, Safety and Environment Committee that meets quarterly. The committee has representation from all resident units at the base. At this meeting environmental issues of concern are tabled and discussed. This forum affords the opportunity to review management strategies when the need arises.

It is expected that a full review of the environmental management strategies will occur to coincide with the completion of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) EIS. This EIS is expected to be completed in 2014.


Department of Defence RAAF WLM Program Baseline Risk Register (internal register).

Annex A to RAAF WLM EMS OBJECTIVES, TARGETS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE.

Comments and suggestions for improvements (if applicable):

The complex relationships between multiple Defence groups at RAAF Base WLM (including but not limited to Air Combat Group, Surveillance and Control Group, Combat Support Group and Defence Support Group) can result in difficulties in clear identification of overall responsibilities and accountabilities for actions such as those contained in the Hawk LIF EIS and conditions of consent.

The current process of review requires a proactive management approach and ownership from Defence. It is



recommended that Defence establish a more formal process to review the currency and effectiveness of the environmental management requirements and strategies identified in the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR site risk register.

2013 Status of Implementation Requires some improvement


Any development proposals at Williamtown will be considered in accordance with Defence’s environment and heritage obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975.

Defence Comment

All development proposals go through an environmental assessment process as detailed in the Defence Estate Quality Management System (DEQMS). At a site level the process is also documented in RAAF Base Williamtown Environmental Operational Control Procedure N0. 16 (EOCP-16) Environmental Assessment and Planning. EOCP-16 provides a clear documented process for planning of activities, to ensure the relevant statutory obligations and legal requirements of Defence are addressed in accordance with the RAAF WLM EMS and broader Defence EMS.

In addition, major capital facilities development projects follow a process articulated in the DEQMS which may involve EPBC Act assessment processes, if an action has the potential to have a significant impact on the environment. Where the action is not significant, an internal environmental clearance process occurs. This is in accordance with Defence Instruction (General) Administration 40-3.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM

DEQMS. 2013. Defence Estate Quality Management System. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/im/. [Accessed 29 May 13].

Internal document: Department of Defence, RAAF Base Environmental Operational Control Procedure N0. 16 (EOCP-16) Environmental Assessment and Planning.


2013 Status Ongoing


The EMPs developed for both sites will incorporate the requirements for RAAF (Air Force) operations as set out in formal Defence Instructions and will implement the safeguards identified in the Environmental Impact Study.

2013 Defence Comment

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS incorporate environmental strategies related to the Base and land based activities. Environmental management strategies for aircraft operations are included in the RAAF Air Operations EMP which was developed in 2008. In addition, management of particular environmental risks, such as, noise abatement is detailed in Wing and Squadron Operating Procedures. All documents are reviewed and updated periodically. An example is the recently updated “Fly Neighbourly” Instruction.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM Department of Defence (2012) Air Combat Group Fly Neighbourly Policy. [Restricted document]


2013 Status Ongoing




An environmental status report that addresses environmental issues and includes results of monitoring will be provided to the Department of Environment and Water Resources at regular intervals.

Defence Comment

In 2007 Defence engaged GHD to prepare a 5 yearly environmental status review to assess the implementation status of the commitments in the environmental impact assessment documents and conditions of consent.

This report represents the second 5 yearly report in accordance with the requirements for this condition of consent. Defence will provide a copy of this report to DSEWPaC.


GHD (2007) Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Environmental Status Report.


2013 Status Ongoing

5.2 Environmental Safeguards

In order to prevent or minimise potential environmental impacts associated with the introduction of the Hawk LIF at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, a number of environmental safeguards were proposed in the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report. Two of the proposed safeguards relate directly to environmental management and environmental monitoring at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Table 5.8 and 5.9 provide the current implementation status of each safeguard.



Table 5.8: Environmental Safeguard No 1

At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR Environmental Management Plan:

EMP Phases 3A and 3B are about to commence and will include the proposed mitigation measures listed in Section 19 of the Hawk EIS, along with detailed procedures for undertaking the measures; and

The EMPs will also incorporate the elements of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems (EMS).

The EMP Phase 3a and 3b referenced in the Hawk EIS was ultimately replaced by the development of an EMS for RAAF WLM and SAWR. The EMS originally followed the ISO 14001 format but since 2008 parts of the RAAF WLM and SAWR EMS have been reviewed and updated to align with the current Defence EMS framework. The RAAF WLM and SAWR EMS contain documentation identifying the environmental objectives and targets for the bases, risk assessment and environmental program based on managing identified risks. Many of the safeguards discussed in the EIS have been incorporated into relevant planning and operational procedural documents.

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS contain operational controls for high risk activities. An environmental monitoring register was established within the EMS but to date has not been populated with specific monitoring requirements. Some of the environmental monitoring projects contain procedures for ensuring consistency in the data gathering. This is incorporated within groundwater and surface water monitoring, estuary monitoring, air quality and aircraft noise monitoring.Meets


RAAF WLM and SAWR EMS.

Department of Defence, RAAF WLM Objectives & targets register (internal register).

Department of Defence RAAF WLM Aspects & Impacts Register (internal register).


It is recommended Defence review and update the current environmental monitoring register to allow for the assessment of long-term monitoring results and identification and rectification of potential adverse monitoring trends.

2013 Status Ongoing

Table 5.9: Environmental Safeguard No 2

The Phase 3B components of the EMPs for both the Base and SAWR will include a series of procedures, which will cover the environmental monitoring requirements for the two facilities. Monitoring will include:

o Surface water quality o Groundwater quality o Air quality

o Noise monitoring o Waste monitoring

Records of monitoring will be maintained in a register and regular reports will be issued providing summaries of data together with comments on any trends in quality, which may be occurring. Should adverse trends be occurring then the actions being undertaken to address the particular issue will be stipulated.

Defence Comment

The environmental aspects listed in the safeguard above have monitoring programs in place. Surface and groundwater programs are delivered within the Comprehensive Maintenance Services contract, Air quality and Estuary Monitoring is delivered as a project funded by Estate Maintenance budget, Waste monitoring is contained within the Garrison Support Contract and Noise Monitoring is delivered centrally from the Estate Landuse Planning & Assessment Branch in Infrastructure Division.

A single repository of environmental monitoring programs was kept until the end of 2009. Post 2009 data is retained in individual projects files.



Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Department of Defence (2002) RAAF WLM Environmental Monitoring Plan (Draft). Quarterly and annual monitoring reports for air quality, surface water and groundwater, noise monitoring.


Current environmental monitoring programs at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR include (but are not limited to) surface water, noise, groundwater, air quality and waste monitoring.

Suggestions for Improvement

See recommendations for Environmental Safeguard No. 1.

2013 Status Ongoing



6. Noise A total of 11 environmental commitments relate directly to noise monitoring and management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Section 6.1 and 6.2 provide a summary of the relevant conditions of consent and environmental safeguards for noise, including 2013 status of implementation.


This section provides a summary of the relevant conditions of consent (No 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13) for noise, including 2013 status of implementation.


The environmental management strategies at both Williamtown and the Range will include long-term noise monitoring. The impacts of noise will be reviewed periodically.

Defence Comment

A long-term noise monitoring program commenced in October 2004. Airservices Australia was commissioned by Defence to install and manage a Noise and Flight Path Monitoring System (NFPMS) at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.

Defence has continued to operate the NFPMS at RAAF WLM and SAWR, producing quarterly reports which are published on the Defence website at http://www.defence.gov.au/id/aircraft_noise.htm.

NFPMS reports supply actual, as opposed to forecast, information about aircraft noise so that community members and residents can make informed decisions. Defence is expanding the NFPMS with an additional 5 community monitors that are expected to be installed in 2013.

Hawk movements modelled in the 2025 ANEF use the same tracks and profiles as prior modelling undertaken at the time of the Hawk EIS process. The New Air Combat Capability (NACC) EIS project due for completion in 2014 is completing a 2011 ANEI which will look at what movements actually occurred in 2011 and how that relates to the modelled movements in the 2025 ANEF. In addition, an examination of the measures taken by the Air Force to manage and minimise the impact of noise on local residents was undertaken by Comcare in July 2012. Based on the information obtained, the Comcare inspector concluded that the risk to the health and safety of residents in the Salt Ash area, as a result of the aircraft noise from operations near or the use of the SAWR is low. The Air Force demonstrated that it continues to take reasonably practical steps to mitigate further this risk.


The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS. Department of Defence. 2013. Aircraft Noise. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/id/aircraft_noise.htm.

[Accessed 07 June 13]. Comcare 2012. Comcare’s noise- compliance monitoring activity into the noise by military aircraft from RAAF Base

Williamtown during their operations near, and use of, the Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, NSW. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=22&ved=0CC8QFjABOBQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comcare.gov.au%2F__data%2Fassets%2Frtf_file%2F0017%2F111545%2F2012_1789_Noise_from_military_aircraft.rtf&ei=ZBS5UZ_FJ8-jiAf7xoH4DA&usg=AFQjCNHPpCeMyORXfJPnRCu-mRUwyD-NCA&sig2=o7kacJNNaTXhoRYDEt7kMg&bvm=bv.47810305,d.aGc


2013 Status Ongoing




Defence will engage with local and state planning authorities to establish guidelines to ensure proposed developments within close proximity to both sites are compatible with Defence operational and training requirements.

2007 Defence Comment

Consultation with external agencies and community groups is ongoing through the WCF, Williamtown Advisory Group and Salt Ash Community Forum.

Port Stephens Council has developed a noise policy and development control plan - Defence assisted Council in the development of these documents.


Department of Defence. 2013. Williamtown Advisory Group. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO. [Accessed 28 May 13].

Port Stephens Council (2008), Environmental Noise Policy.


2013 Status Ongoing


The RAAF (Air Force) will review the methods it uses to communicate its flying programs and schedules to the community in the Port Stephens area.

Defence Comment

Consultation with external agencies and community groups (including Port Stephens Council) is ongoing through the WCF, Williamtown Advisory Group and Salt Ash Community Forum.

In addition, a review of community consultation and engagement for the Williamtown community (including Port Stephens Council) was undertaken in 2011 by Air Combat Group (ACG).

Notification of planned flying programs has improved with public notifications through phone recorded message, newspaper notifications, webpage and RSS feeds of website updates.

Defence document: ACG Williamtown RAAF Base Community Engagement Action Plan2011 – 2013, is a strategic communications plan incorporating the three major streams of communications practice – issues management, public affairs, and community engagement, and contains a series of key activities and initiatives to be conducted by ACG.


Department of Defence. 2013. Williamtown Advisory Group. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO. [Accessed 28 May 13

Department of Defence (2011) ACG (Williamtown RAAF Base) Community Engagement Action Plan 2011 – 2013. [Restricted document]


2013 Status Ongoing




Defence will give priority consideration to implementing a noise attenuation program at the Salt Ash Public School to reduce the adverse impacts of aircraft noise.

Defence Comment

Condition of consent No. 8 was competed prior to the 2007 GHD environmental status report. The following information has been taken from GHD (2007).

Salt Ash Public School Noise Attenuation Defence engaged GHD to prepare a Noise Attenuation Report for the Salt Ash Public School (GHD 2004b) to identify noise attenuation options for school.

Construction works for implementation of the recommended acoustic insulation was completed in 2005.




2013 Status Completed


Advice from the Port Stephens community will be sought about, and factored into planning of, operations at Williamtown and the Range to provide for respite periods.

Defence Comment

The Williamtown Consultative Forum (WCF) has been in operation since 2002 and provides an avenue for Defence to engage with local and state governments. The Minutes of the WCF are posted on the Defence public website to allow community stakeholders with the opportunity to raise relevant issues and to be informed of Defence’s operational and training requirements that may have the potential to impact upon the local community. Whilst the WCF does not have formal decision making powers, it is an important information sharing and co-ordinating mechanism for the three levels of government to discuss matters of mutual concern.

In 2012, Air Combat Group proactively established a sub group of the WCF and invited community members to participate. The Williamtown Advisory Group (WAG) comprises Federal, State and Local departmental officer level, industry, business chamber and community representation. This forum allows the community to directly ask questions about RAAF and airport operations and subjects of interest. The WAG meets before the WCF so that concerns that need to be elevated are tabled at the next WCF. The WAG Minutes are published on the publically accessible RAAF WLM website.

The WAG includes representation from the following organisations:

Representative from up to 5 community groups from neighbouring areas including Medowie, Salt Ash, Raymond Terrace and Williamtown.

Newcastle Airport Ltd. Port Stephens Council. Newcastle City Council. Industry such as Hunter Business Chamber Officer. Hunter Water Corporation. State Government – Premiers and Cabinet, Planning and Infrastructure, Regional Development Hunter, Education;

Environment and Heritage. Worimi Local Aboriginal Land Council – (landholder/neighbour and Aboriginal community.



Maitland and Great Lakes councils.

Communication methods now include the RAAF Williamtown website that contains a map of the air space utilised for RAAF training and is updated weekly with the planned flying activity for the week. Community members can also subscribe to RSS feeds to be advised of updates to the website.


Department of Defence. 2013. Williamtown Advisory Group. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO. [Accessed 28 May 13].


2013 Status Ongoing




Night flying at SAWR will be restricted to the minimum required to achieve operational and training targets. As a general rule there will be no flying after 9:00 pm (Eastern Standard Time) and 10:30 pm during daylight saving.

Defence Comment

The condition of consent is observed within the practicable limitations presented by flying training program exigencies, operational commitments, aviation safety and weather. The Air Force minimises night flying where possible without jeopardising operational training requirements.

As a general rule, the Air Force will not plan to fly at SAWR after 2100 hrs (EST) and 2230 hrs during daylight saving at SAWR.


Defence (2012) NACG Air Ops EMP Review, LCDR John Polglaze RANR (Restricted document).


2013 Status Ongoing


The average annual use of the Range will not increase and will continue to be minimised as far as practical. The maximum 10-year rolling average for aircraft usage at the Range will be 115 days for all Hornet and Hawk operations.

Defence Comment

SAWR is used as an operational training space with annual range usage determined by current training needs, which vary year to year. Since release of the conditions of consent the annual range usage has not exceeded 115 days. Defence records operational information in relation to all flights including those at SAWR. Since release of the conditions of consent the annual range usage has not exceeded 115 days.

The usage statistics since 2007 are:

2007 - 55 2008 - 45 2009 - 66 2010 - 46 2011 - 53 2012 - 61

Usage data includes Hawk, Hornet and PC9 aircraft.


Department of Defence (2013) Salt Ash Weapons Range Usage Statistics (Register Print-Out provided by DSG SEM Helen Horn compiled by the Base Command Post at WLM).


2013 Status Ongoing




Road signage in the Port Stephens area warning of low flying aircraft will be reviewed in consultation with NSW Roads and Traffic Authority

Defence Comment


Road signage has been reviewed in consultation with the NSW Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA). A project to install new signage has been undertaken and installation of all signage in accordance with Defence’s strategy was completed in September 2007.


SKM observed numerous road signs in close proximity to the RAAF Base WLM, including ‘Low Level Military Aircraft’ signage as stated in condition of consent No. 12.




Signage will be reviewed and any additional signage required will be erected around the perimeter of the Range warning of possible high noise areas.

Defence Comment


A review of perimeter signage around SAWR has been undertaken. New warning and trespassing signage was installed at regular intervals along the fence and on buoys in the estuary channel to minimise public access to areas of high noise and other hazards at SAWR. Signage specifications comply with Defence standards for warning signs at Air Force Air Weapons Ranges. This was completed in 2006.





The following environmental safeguards were proposed to prevent or minimise potential noise impacts associated with the introduction of the Hawk LIF. A summary of environmental safeguards and the current implementation status are provided overleaf.



Table 6.10: Environmental Safeguard No. 3

The following environmental safeguards relating to flight paths were proposed for the introduction of the Hawk LIF:

No reduction in the respite from SAWR usage (two-thirds of the year free from activities);

No training on weekends and public holidays, and SAWR usage only planned 115 days of the year;

No loss of the weekend respite from SAWR usage;

No loss of the 11 pm to 7 am respite from SAWR usage, currently it is estimated that less than 20% of operational and training sorties conducted by Hawk and Hornet aircraft plan to use the SAWR;

No new training circuits. (No noise over areas previously not receiving aircraft noise – the Hawk circuits are those being flown by the Hornets);

Flight paths which avoid as much as practicable residential areas around the RAAF Base WLM Base and SAWR;

No reduction in the existing buffer zone around Williamtown and SAWR; and

No change in Standing Orders/Standard Operating Procedures/ etc which:

o Restrict speeds during training to less than supersonic and supersonic speeds not conducted over land;

o Restrict flying at less than 1,500 ft (500m) except over the target of SAWR. o Altitudes to be greater than 1,500 ft over residences/residential areas and a minimum altitude of 1,500 ft is

observed over built up areas for SAWR; and

o 100% thrust is only used on takeoff, recovery from the SAWR target area, when conducting evasive manoeuvres in military airspace (away from built up areas) or in emergency situations. Restrict flying at 100% thrust over residences/residential areas.

Defence Comment

The RAAF WLM and SAWR EMS incorporate environmental strategies related to the Base and land based activities. Environmental management strategies for aircraft operations are included in the RAAF Air Operations EMP which was developed in 2008. In addition, management of particular environmental risks such noise abatement is detailed in Wing and Squadron Operating Procedures. An example is the recently implemented “Fly Neighbourly” Instruction.

The 2007 Defence comment on Environmental Safeguard No.3 is consistent with the current best practice management in relation to flight paths at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. The following comment has been sourced from GHD (2007):

Due to operational training requirements the Air Force cannot commit to no flying during specific periods during the year. However, the cyclic use of SAWR (less than 115 days per year on average) provides an inherent period of relief.

As a general rule, Air Force will not plan to fly during weekends or public holidays. However, if a training session is extended for operational requirements, flying operations may be required during these periods to maintain operational and training commitments.

Restrictions to the hours of night flying are reflected in standard Air Force instructions with any deviations requiring approval by the relevant authority. For example, Operation Deluge (Security for APEC) involved flying outside normal flying hours. This operation was approved / tasked by the relevant authorities. Flying programs are published and distributed to both Air Force and civilian personnel. They are also published (in broad terms) in local media.

SAWR is one of many locations used for operational and training sorties. Other locations include other air weapons ranges and gazetted airspace over land and water. These are used as required to meet operational and training requirements.

Flight paths avoid as much as possible residential areas but it is difficult to avoid individual residents. Due to operational requirements, rigid flight paths and tracks are not set, instead military aircraft fly within defined flight corridors. These defined flight corridors avoid as much as practicable residential areas around the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Specific flight paths within the flight corridors will be dependent on air traffic (military and civilian) including transit flights from other airfields such as RAAF Base Richmond, weather conditions (such as thunder storms) and training requirements (such as number of missions and number of planes per mission). Continued inappropriate development in the vicinity of RAAF Base WLM and SAWR also impact on the Air Force’s ability to meet this requirement.

Normal practice is to be no lower than 1500 feet over "built up areas" however on occasions due to essential training



requirements, emergencies or weather this may occur.

The use of 100% thrust over built up areas is actively discouraged except when required for/by essential training, emergencies and weather.

The above requirements are reflected in standard Air Force instructions. It is noted that the Hawk does not have supersonic capabilities.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Department of Defence (2012) Air Combat Group Fly Neighbourly Policy. [Restricted document]

RAAF Air Operations Environmental Management Plan



2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, efforts were being made to improve the present 1800 telephone number system for advising the community of the planned flying program for any given week.

Defence Comment

Communication methods now include the 1800 telephone system and the RAAF WLM website that contains a map of the air space utilised for RAAF training and is updated weekly with the planned flying activity for the week. Interested residents can also choose to receive automatic notifications of Air Force flying activities in the Williamtown area by subscribing to a Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feed. Once subscribed to a RSS feed new information and updates are automatically delivered to the subscriber as soon as they are published, without the need to constantly check a website. Most internet browsers and smartphones have the ability to deliver RSS feeds, but depending on the device used it may be necessary to download an RSS reader.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Department of Defence. 2013. Royal Australian Air Force Flying Area. [ONLINE] Available at:

http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New_South_Wales/RAAF_Base_Williamtown/Royal_Australian_Air_Force_Flying_Area_Williamtown/?RAAF-yWRLAjyw9/VPKgil5mIe9WmJQltc8feu. [Accessed 07 June 13].


2013 Status Ongoing



7. Flora and Fauna A total of six environmental commitments relate directly to flora and fauna management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Section 7.1 and 7.2 provide a summary of the relevant conditions of consent and environmental safeguards for flora and fauna, including 2013 status of implementation.


A summary of the relevant conditions of consent (No 6 and 23) for flora and fauna, including 2013 status of implementation are provided below.


An Estuary Management Plan for 12 Mile Creek will be developed which will consider opportunities for public access to waterways in the vicinity of the Range, consistent with the over-riding obligation to ensure public safety.

Defence Comment

A draft estuary management plan was developed in 2005. At that time public access was considered and has since been reviewed in 2010. The Defence policy is that SAWR remains closed to public access. Air Force cannot guarantee there is no unexploded ordnance on the SAWR including in or near the waterways on the range. The public would also be at risk if they entered the waterways on the range during air to ground training operations. Accordingly to ensure public safety, public access is not permitted to the SAWR including the waterways on the range. Access to the waterways is secured when the range is active but unauthorized access to the waterways occurs when the range is not active and unmanned, particularly on weekends. Security patrols attempt to deter unauthorized public access.

The draft estuary management plan is overdue for review and update. Defence intends to update the plan following the completion of the JSF EIS process to ensure any additional safeguards identified that affect SAWR can be included.


Umwelt Australia Pty Ltd (2005) Draft Twelve Mile Creek Estuary Management Plan, prepared on behalf of the Department of Defence.


GHD (2007) reported: ‘A draft Estuary Management Plan for Twelve Mile Creek was prepared in May 2005, which considers public access issues. Implementation of the recommendations in the draft plan is in progress. Defence are continuing to develop a policy to address the complex issue of public access at SAWR’

The draft management plan contains a number of mitigation measures to manage risks identified within the 12 mile creek/ SAWR area. It is recommended that Defence undertake a detailed review and update of the Estuary Management Plan for Twelve Mile Creek as a matter of priority. The review should consider the risk, management and mitigation measures outlined in Section 5 of the draft report and any additional mitigation measures that can be adopted to further deter and limit unauthorized access to the range. The review should also consider strategies for the proactive management of Twelve Mile Creek to ensure the long term sustainability of the Range.

2013 Status Ongoing




Security at the Range will be improved by constructing a perimeter fence to preclude public access. Alternative strategies to fencing in estuarine and wetland areas will be investigated, and appropriate signage installed.

Defence Comment


“Security at SAWR has been improved through the construction of an 18 km fence at SAWR. New warning and trespassing signage has been installed at regular intervals along the fence and on buoys in the estuary channel. This was completed in 2006.

Every effort is being made by Defence to repair fences, reinstall signage and replace gates that have been stolen, but breaches, trespass and vandalism continue to occur at the site at a maintenance cost of approximately $2000 per month.”


Department of Defence (2013) Estate Management System (Work Directory Printout). GHD (2007) Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range,

Environmental Status Report.




A total of four environmental safeguards were proposed to prevent or minimise potential environmental impacts to flora and fauna as a result of the introduction of the Hawk LIF. A summary of each safeguard and the 2013 implementation status are provided below.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to ecological management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR:

Existing ecological management controls operating at RAAF Base WLM in relation to the Macchi and other aircraft will continue to operate in relation to the Hawk aircraft. Controls are managed as part of site’s environmental management program. These relate to:

o The management of stored fuels including fuel risk; o The risk of wildlife injury from aircraft strike; and o Excess fuel dumping.

Existing ecological management controls operating at SAWR in relation to training activities will continue to operate in relation to the Hawk aircraft. Controls are managed as part of the site’s environmental management program. These relate to fire risk during practice.

Defence Comment

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS include provisions for the management of native wildlife including threatened species and communities at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.

Ecological management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR include management of weeds and pests, bushfire management, estuary and other flora and fauna management plans and assessments as required and implementation of standard practices for management of fuels and other hazardous substances, animal / bird strike risk and fuel jettison.




Department of Defence (2012) Feral Animal Management Plan.

SKM (2007) SAWR Shorebird Survey of Twelve Mile Creek.

Serco Sodexho Defence Services (SSDS) (2007) Central Northern NSW Region, Regional Weed Management Plan.

RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS.


2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to slashing maintenance:

A structured cleared area slashing maintenance program to ensure site condition is maintained and weed spread is not encouraged. Cleared areas are essentially grassed and are currently maintained as such by tractor mounted slashing. This applies to the road verges on the main access road, perimeter firebreaks and the bulk of the Target Area.

Defence Comment

At SAWR, slashing occurs within the road verges on the main access road, perimeter firebreaks, lead up areas to the target area and the target area.

Routine weed and feral animal management programs are in place based on survey and control plans. These plans are Implemented annually according to resource availability.

Passive management of habitats is conducted through the management of weeds and fauna pests at RAAF WLM and SAWR. A weed and pest management program is implemented on a yearly program based on a priority and risk basis. The environmental assessment process considers specific impacts and management of flora and fauna on an activity case by case basis.



Department of Defence (2011) Spring Spray Program.

SKM (2006) Biodiversity Management and Monitoring of Endangered Ecological Communities, Acquired Properties Williamtown RAAF Base.


2013 Status Ongoing




At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to wetland management at SAWR:

Management of wetlands in line with the Commonwealth Wetlands Policy.

Defence Comment

Annual estuary monitoring is undertaken in general accordance with the Commonwealth Wetlands Policy. The monitoring has been has been undertaken at both sites since 2007 and includes the following items:

Quarterly water quality monitoring.

Biodiversity monitoring including:

o Fish habitat monitoring.

o Fish surveys.

o Benthic fauna surveys.

o Seagrass mapping.

Estuarine Habitat Monitoring including:

o Assessment of bank erosion.

o Sedimentation assessment.

o Assessment of saltmarsh extent.

o Survey of damaged saltmarsh areas.

In addition, the draft Estuary Management Plan for Twelve Mile Creek (Umwelt 2005) covers Twelve Mile Creek, Saltwater Creek and Pipeline Creek at SAWR.


SAWR Twelve Mile Creek Estuary Annual Monitoring Reports, 2007 – 2012.



2013 Status Ongoing



8. Air Quality A total of five environmental commitments relate directly to air quality at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Section 8.1 and 8.2 provide a summary of the relevant conditions of consent and environmental safeguards, including 2013 status of implementation.


A summary of the relevant conditions of consent (No 14, 15, 16 and 17) for air quality are included below.


Should the responsible authorities conduct long-term health studies in the Port Stephens area, Defence will seek to ensure the studies include monitoring for signs of air toxins.

Defence Comment

Defence is not aware of any long term health studies conducted by health authorities in the Port Stephens Area.

Defence has prepared an Air Quality Management Strategy (AQMS) for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, which includes an ambient air quality monitoring program that commenced at RAAF Base WLM in July 2006.


SKM (2011) Air Quality Management 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.[Restricted document] SKM (2011) Technical Supplement, AQMP 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. [Restricted document]


2013 Status Ongoing


Air quality monitoring and air pollution abatement measures will be incorporated into the environmental management strategies implemented at both sites.

Defence Comment

An Air Quality Management Strategy (AQMS) has been prepared that covers the potential air quality impacts of operations at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR on the local air shed. The AQMS forms part of the EMS framework.

Air quality monitoring was reviewed in 2010. A revised plan was implemented and monitoring is currently occurring at RAAF WLM in accordance with the revised plan. The revised program commenced in April 2012 and occurs monthly. Prior to this air monitoring reports are available from July 2006 to October 2009.


SKM (2011) Air Quality Management 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base WLM and SAWR [Restricted document]

SKM (2011) Technical Supplement, AQMP 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. [Restricted Document]

Aurecon (2006 – 2009) WLM Monitoring Air Quality (Annual Reports)

AECOM (2012 -2013) WLM Air Quality Monitoring (Quarterly Reports)


2013 Status Ongoing




Relevant air emissions at Williamtown will be reported under the National Pollutant Inventory as part of Defence’s NPI reporting.

Defence Comment

Relevant air emissions are reported to the National Pollutant Inventory. In accordance with Paragraph 2.3 of the Emission Estimation Technique Manual for Defence Facilities an alternate reporting requirement has been agreed between the Department of Defence and the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Communities for national security reasons. The Emission Estimation Technique Manual for Defence Facilities is publicly available through the NPI website (http://www.npi.gov.au/publications/emission-estimation-technique/defence.html).

Defence only reports fuel storage & usage across the whole portfolio and the figures are not linked to individual establishments for security reasons, however this data is collated and included in national reporting of emissions within the local airshed, and then aggregated to national level reporting of total emissions.


Department of Defence (2012) Operation RAAF WLM Base Emissions Data (raw data) 2007 – 2012, reported to DSEWPaC [Restricted document].

Department of Defence (2000) Emissions Estimation Technique Manual for Defence Facilities, National Pollution Inventory.


2013 Status Ongoing


The EMP for both sites will incorporate Defence’s greenhouse gas reduction strategy including measures to reduce air emissions and fuel consumption during taxiing, take-offs and landings.

Defence Comment

The EMS refers to general Defence policy on Energy Efficiency and Resource Management. However, specific greenhouse gas abatement measures related to aircraft operations have not been specified in site EMP’s or operational procedures as the minimisation of air emissions and fuel usage is more closely aligned with reducing costs and is therefore implicit in day to day operations.

Within the limitations of operational readiness and safety, Defence continues to seek opportunities for efficient utilisation of aircraft. Defence have undertaken a number of initiatives that target greenhouse reduction and air emission reduction at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR including development of energy management plans, conducting a Defence Energy Workshop and preparation of an Air Quality Management Strategy (AQMS).

Defence remains committed to operating as efficiently as possible whilst meeting Air Force training requirements to comply with Government operational readiness requirements.



It is recommended that the results of the air emissions inventory process be discussed with the operating units at WLM with a view to identifying where emissions can be reduced and efficiencies gained. Any efficiencies identified should be reported against corporate greenhouse gas reduction strategy objectives.

2013 Status Ongoing




In addition to the conditions of consent, there was one environmental safeguard proposed to prevent or minimise potential environmental impacts to air quality as a result of the introduction of the Hawk LIF. A summary of the safeguard and current implementation status are provided in Table 8.5.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to aircraft emissions:

Aircraft emission reduction measures include: Idling time of aircraft waiting for take-off will be minimised; and

Flight paths will be examined to ensure minimum distances are travelled (within the constraints of other considerations such as noise and safety).

Defence Comment

Within the limitations of operational readiness and safety, Defence continues to seek opportunities for efficient utilisation of aircraft. Best practice measures are utilised to minimise aircraft idling on the ground (refer to Condition of Consent No. 17 for further details) and within over-riding operational safety requirements and noise reduction strategies, to minimise aircraft travel distances.

Document: Air 5438 Phase 1A, seeks to assure the Lead-in Fighter Training System will remain effective until the Hawk planned withdrawal date. This project will provide new flight simulators with the aim of improving the efficiency of airborne training. A direct benefit of more efficient flying time will be a reduction in fuel usage and associated emissions.

At a corporate level the Joint Electronic Fuel Management Project introduced tools in 2011 that provide Defence with better visibility of fuel usage enabling the identification of fuel saving opportunities.


Department of Defence. 2013. Air 5438. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/dmo/id/dcp/html_dec10/air/AIR5438.html. [Accessed 07 June 13].


2013 Status Ongoing



9. Surface and Groundwater A total of six environmental commitments relate directly to surface and groundwater at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Sections 9.1 and 9.2 provide a summary of the relevant conditions of consent and environmental safeguards, including 2013 status of implementation.


Table 9.1 provides a summary of the relevant condition of consent (No. 18) and 2013 status of implementation.


Surface and ground water quality monitoring will be incorporated in the EMP for both sites, with results to be provided to Hunter Water Corporation according to an appropriate process.

Defence Comment

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS provides a framework for both surface water and groundwater management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Current monitoring programs include both surface water quality and quantity (flow) at RAAF Base WLM, surface water quality and sediments at SAWR and groundwater at both RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. These programs are subject to continuous refinement based on the observed trends.

The Hunter Water Corporation (HWC) have been routinely provided Groundwater Reports for RAAF Base WLM (including data) when they have become available. The reports are now provided by email to HWC. HWC also meets with Defence on an annual basis to discuss water quality trends.


Department of Defence (2002) RAAF WLM Environmental Monitoring Plan (Draft).

Quarterly and annual monitoring reports for air quality, surface water and groundwater, noise monitoring.

Email correspondence to Hunter Water regarding monitoring data and annual meeting.


2013 Status Ongoing




There are five environmental safeguard proposed to prevent or minimise potential environmental impacts to surface and groundwater as a result of the introduction of the Hawk LIF. A summary of the current implementation status of each environmental safeguard is provided below.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Trade waste interception system

Deficiencies in the existing trade waste interception system will be rectified at the Base;

Addressing the continuing infiltration of groundwater and sand into the stormwater drainage and the trade waste systems, and the detrimental impact this is having on the performance of the trade waste interception system; and

Additional pollution control measures to compensate for the poor performance of the trade waste interception system (if the ground water infiltration problem is not overcome) and to deal with potential pollution sources beyond the catchment of the trade waste system will be implemented.

Defence Comment

Infrastructure appraisal is carried out on a yearly basis which identifies the maintenance or replacement requirements for infrastructure. Rectification is undertaken according to condition assessment, risk analysis and resource availability. The Stage 2 Redevelopment major capital facilities project has identified and bundled an upgrade package for stormwater, trade waste and sewage systems.

As part of the planning for the Stage 2 Redevelopment project deficiencies in the trade waste system have been investigated in detail by GHD. The investigation has recommended infrastructure upgrades which will be subject to design phases with programmed implementation to occur in 2014.

HWC also meet on site with Defence to undertake 6 monthly and 12 monthly inspections of trade waste infrastructure.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: John Holland (2012) RAAF Base WLM Redevelopments Stage 2, Schematic Design Report, Vol 2 Site Engineering

Services.

Hunter Water (2011) – Defence Liaison Meeting, Date and Time: 2pm Friday 1st July 2011, Trim Number: HW2007-1003/11.


2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to sewage treatment plant:

Deficiencies in the existing sewage treatment plant at the Base will be rectified. Defence Comment

Projects have been undertaken to address deficiencies at the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) such as stormwater and sewer pipe closed-circuit television (CCTV) investigations, installation of a deodoriser system at the sewage pumping station and recently a review of STP operations, documentation and management to identify deficiencies in the system.

The Stage 2 Redevelopment planning process has examined the condition of the existing stormwater system and the upgrade to the tradewaste system will involve diverting stormwater away from the tradewaste system reducing the load of stormwater and sand into the sewage system.

Rectification of stormwater pipes affected by sand ingress will continue as part of normal maintenance programs.



Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: John Holland (2012) RAAF Base WLM Redevelopments Stage 2, Schematic Design Report, Vol 2 Site Engineering

Services.


2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS:

Spill response procedures and control measures for fuel and chemical spills will be improved;

Pollution awareness and education campaigns for Base personnel will be improved;

Training of Defence personnel and contractors working on the Base will be undertaken to ensure that the workings of the trade waste/stormwater drainage system and the need to prevent/minimise the discharge of contaminants to the drainage system and consequent pollution of stormwater are better understood; and

Reviewing and updating as required, the existing clean-up procedures at the SAWR.

Defence Comment

Periodic reviews and audits have occurred since the first 5 yearly audit was undertaken, with the most recent audit of hazardous materials management occurring in April 2013 (SKM). Recommendations for improvement provided from this audit will be implemented as required.

Recent changes to the Commonwealth Work, Health and Safety legislation has focused attention on hazardous materials management and risk management. Defence has entered into an Enforceable Undertaking (EU) with COMCARE to improve Defence's management of Hazardous Chemicals (HazChem) to reduce the health and safety risks to Defence personnel. A Defence Hazardous Chemicals Project (DHCP) has been established to implement the remediation program and the requirements of the EU. The objectives of the project are:

Develop and implement a consistent, comprehensive and inclusive system for the management of hazardous chemicals across all workplaces that use hazardous chemicals;

Support and enable Groups and Services to develop and implement their respective workplace remediation plans;

Address Defence-wide deficiencies in record systems, training of personnel, compliance and assurance.

Defence has developed facility specific drawings that identified stormwater, tradewaste and other engineering services pathways in order for facility personnel to identify where to deploy spill capture equipment in the event of spills. This allows personnel to understand where drainage flows to prevent pollution to the environment.

Pollution prevention do’s and don’ts is included in all contractor site inductions.

SAWR facility stores minimal quantities of fuels. Range Standing Orders are scheduled to be reviewed and updated to include robust spill response procedures.


SKM (2007a) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, 77SQN

SKM (2007b) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, BAE Hangar TFSPO

Department of Defence (2010) Hazardous Chemical Project Management Plan


It is noted that SAWR facilities store minimal quantities of fuels, however, appropriate spill response and clean-up procedures for SAWR should be developed as a matter of priority.

2013 Status Ongoing




At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to stormwater quality:

Improving the stormwater quality monitoring program including establishing stormwater quality criteria for the Base.

Defence Comment

Stormwater quality monitoring is undertaken under the RAAF Base WLM surface water quality monitoring program (Refer to Condition of Consent No. 18 for further details). Criteria contained in the ANZECC (2000) Guidelines are currently being used and it is intended that once sufficient data has been collected site specific criteria will be developed.



2013 Status Ongoing


Hunter Water Corporation requested that a formal process be established for RAAF (Air Force) reporting groundwater monitoring results to them and opportunity to give input into determining the sampling and analysis to be carried out. Supplementary report noted that an "opportunity will be provided to Hunter Water for input into the groundwater sampling and analysis and a formal process established for reporting results to them".

Defence Comment

Defence and Hunter Water Corporation (HWC) meet annually to discuss groundwater quality trends and any issues of mutual concern. Defence provides HWC with a copy of each quarterly groundwater monitoring report that includes supporting data.


Meeting Minutes:

Hunter Water (2011) – Defence Liaison Meeting, Date and Time: 2pm Friday 1st July 2011, Trim Number: HW2007-1003/11.


2013 Status Ongoing



10. Waste Management A total of three environmental commitments relate directly to waste management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Section 10.1 and 10.2 provide a summary of the relevant conditions of consent and environmental safeguards, including 2013 status of implementation.


A summary of the relevant condition of consent (No. 19), including 2013 status of implementation is provided in Table 10.1.


The EMP for both sites will incorporate measures for waste management and control of contamination. This will include management of toxic materials and waste generated during servicing and maintaining of aircraft.

Defence Comment

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS provides the framework for waste management and contamination control and contains measures for waste management and pollution prevention that are in accordance with relevant legislation and Defence policies.

At a site level, waste management is reflected in the site EMS Objectives and targets as follows:

Develop a comprehensive waste management plan by 2012.

Ensure fill that is ‘fit for purpose’ (or fill that is reasonably able to be made ‘fit for purpose’) is not sent to landfill.

Divert 65% of waste volumes generated in 2009 from landfill by Dec 2010 IAW NPC target.

Currently the waste management plan is generated by the waste management contractor under the Garrison Support Services Contract. The Garrison Support Services (GSS) contractor manages waste at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. This contract includes provisions to increase waste minimisation opportunities and for development of a waste management plan. Waste minimisation principles are also included in standard procurement guidelines and recycling opportunities are utilised where possible. The contractor is required to set objectives and targets for waste management, implement waste audits and reporting of disposal pathways.

The initial waste management plan was developed at the start of the contract in 2007 and is currently under review as at July 2013.

In 2013 Defence is reviewing its waste minimisation policy. The review will look at current Waste Data Systems and Waste Minimisation Plans to determine their effectiveness and propose a national way forward for a performance based program approach for Defence. In 2014 a new Base Services Contract will be in place at Williamtown that will require the contractor to not only abide with legislation and policies but manage the waste hierarchy from waste minimisation through reuse and recycle to disposal.

Hazardous and toxic waste is tightly controlled and in accordance with legislation and regulations. Waste classification in accordance with NSW State guidelines and is undertaken prior to disposal or reuse.

The contractor reports on waste disposal pathways and quantities of waste diverted from landfill for reuse or recycling. As an example, the maintenance services contractor is currently diverting 97% of waste generated by facilities maintenance activities from landfill. The contractors periodically conduct waste audits to maximise recycling opportunities. Contract personnel also periodically check the contractor compliance with the contract requirements.



2013 Status Ongoing




There are two environmental safeguard for waste management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. A summary of the current implementation status of each safeguard are provided below.




Establishment of a waste register for all waste materials generated on the sites. The register will include description of the materials, quantities generated, stored and disposed of;

Establishment of regular (eg. quarterly) inspections of the facilities to ensure all waste materials are being managed appropriately;





Defence Comment

Waste management is primarily delivered through the Garrison Support Services (GSS) Contract. The contractor is required to set objectives and targets for waste management, implement waste audits and reporting of disposal pathways. As noted in Table 10.1 The GSS contractor is currently reviewing and updating their waste management plan. The waste management plan will include a schedule of audit processes as well as improved data collection and reporting methods.

The Defence EMS provides the framework for waste minimization and pollution prevention in accordance with legislation and Defence policies.

Ordnance waste is required to be declared free from explosives (FFE) before the metal casings can be recycled through commercial metal recyclers. This process is managed by competent explosive ordnance technicians within the RAAF who work within safe work method procedures.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Serco Sodexho (2009) Environmental Management System Objectives and Targets (Waste), CNNSW Region.


Waste management, reporting and auditing are not currently undertaken at a standard to fully meet environmental safeguard No. 15. Comprehensive waste management plans and procedures have not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. It is recommended that Defence prepare a comprehensive waste management plan to address all waste streams generated at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. The condition requires proactive management from Defence to ensure the environmental safeguard is effectively met.





At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to the management of spent projectiles:

Investigation into long term solutions for the waste treatment / storage /disposal of spent projectiles.

Defence Comment

Defence has initiated a number of projects to improve the recovery and management of spent projectiles (small arms and BDU’s) including trial use of a magnetic screening device, ongoing remediation of former dump sites and design of a new burn pit at SAWR.

The disposal of spent projectiles (such as burning) is controlled and managed by an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) and in accordance with relevant Commonwealth and NSW legislation.


Defence (2007) Environmental Clearance Certificate and mitigation measure for the Demolition / Burning Ground at SAWR (Restricted document).


2013 Status Ongoing



11. Heritage A total of four environmental commitments relate directly to Heritage at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.


Table 11.1 provides a summary of the relevant condition of consent (No. 21) and 2013 status of implementation.


Indigenous artefacts, archaeological deposits and heritage sites identified at Williamtown and the Range will be catalogued, protected and managed in accordance with strategies identified in the EMPs. The plans will include consideration of impacts of aircraft attack profiles on heritage sites.

Defence Comment

Sites of significance and management plans are recorded in the WLM-SAWR Heritage Management Plan (HMP) (Woodhead 2008). Where potential impacts on indigenous values are identified the local aboriginal community is consulted and mitigation measures put in place to manage impact. For example, When the WLM Ordnance Loading Aprons were constructed artefacts were collected and reburied in “Keeping Place” on site in accordance with the wishes of the Worimi community.

Significant indigenous engagement has occurred during the recent planning for the Stage 2 Williamtown Redevelopment and the facilities planning for New Air Combat Capability (NACC). In addition, the current HMP is due for review in the next 12 months, therefore the indigenous community will be engaged to review and update the HMP.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Woodhead International (2008) RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Heritage Management

Plan, prepared on behalf of the Department of Defence.


2013 Status Ongoing


There are three environmental safeguard for heritage management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. A summary of the current implementation status of each safeguard are provided below.




At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Non-Indigenous Heritage at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR:

All contractors and employees will be directed to the provisions of existing Heritage legislation;

Defence will notify the Heritage Office of New South Wales and suspend work that might have the effect of disturbing, damaging or destroying such relics until the requirements of Heritage Office have been satisfied;

The list of sites is to be maintained and updated as sites are identified

Any proposed activities that may impact on a heritage site are to be reviewed, assessed and appropriate approvals obtained before affecting the site as required by the Heritage Act.

Defence Comment

Heritage mitigation measures are captured in the WLM-SAWR EMS aspects and impacts register and also the Heritage Management Plan developed by Woodhead (2008).

Sites with heritage value are recorded on the Defence Estate Management System. A heritage flag is then triggered if a person is planning an activity at the site.

When works occur on heritage buildings or involve excavation, consideration is given to heritage impacts through the Environmental Clearance Certificate process. Depending on the nature of the work and significance of the impact, the Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, People & Communities may be engaged to ensure all legal requirements are met.

All works that have a heritage implication are done so in accordance with the recommendations outlined in the site HMP.


Woodhead International (2008) RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, Heritage Management Plan, prepared on behalf of the Department of Defence.


2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Moffats Swamp Dune Heritage Site at SAWR:

Conservation of all existing areas of archaeological deposit;

Retention of all cultural materials on site; and

Preservation of the site's natural environment including rehabilitation where modern disturbance has taken place.

Defence Comment

All works that have a heritage implication are done so in accordance with the recommendations outlined in the site Woodland (2008) HMP. The following strategies outlines the management strategies for heritage areas at SAWR (including Moffats Swamp Dune Heritage area) where there are known Aboriginal archaeological sites and those areas recognised for their inclusive cultural landscape values:

Defence will manage its own activities to prevent direct or indirect impact on the locations of known Aboriginal archaeological sites. Known sites are Twelve Mile Creek 1, Twelve Mile Creek 2, Saltwater Creek 1, Pipeclay Creek 1 and Moffats Dune (outside the Target Area).

Sites will be protected from disturbance such as erosion, track construction, illegal camping, etc.

The manager of SAWR will inspect the known sites with a representative of the Aboriginal stakeholders and Defence Environmental officer to ensure awareness of the localities.

Specific sites will not be fenced, unless it is essential that Defence activities occur in the immediate vicinity of the



sites.

The condition of known sites will be monitored and recorded on an annual basis, during the monitoring inspection conducted by Defence personnel, the Aboriginal stakeholders and an archaeologist (if required).

If at any time, Defence personnel or contractors become aware of unforeseen impacts on the known sites, Defence will contact the Aboriginal stakeholders and arrange a site inspection to discuss the impacts and potential remediation measures.




It is recommended Defence undertake annual due diligence monitoring at SAWR to ensure the known aboriginal archaeological sites are maintained in accordance with the objectives and recommendation contained in the WLM-SAWR HMP.

2013 Status Ongoing



At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to other Heritage sites (Saltwater Creek, Twelve Mile Creek estuary and Pipeclay Creek sites) at SAWR:

Continue existing passive management of the sites by exclusion of non- SAWR personnel; and

No new development on sandy estuary margins near the sites

Defence Comment

All works that have a heritage implication are done so in accordance with the recommendations outlined in the site Woodland (2008) HMP. Additional management actions and commitments are provided for these sites. Refer to Condition of Consent No.21.




2013 Status Ongoing



12. Health and Safety There are not conditions of consent relating to health and safety at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.


There are three environmental safeguard for Heritage at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. The current implementation status of each safeguard is provided below.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguard was proposed for implementation relating to occupational hygiene monitoring:

Continuation of occupational hygiene monitoring for workers at the Base.

Defence Comment

In general, Defence monitor the health of Base personnel on a case-by-case basis based on the Defence personnel’s position, job description and potential exposure to hazard and risks. This health monitoring continues to occur at the Base.



2013 Status Ongoing


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Emergency Response Management:

Continuation of emergency response management; and

Extending emergency response management to consideration of risks for nearby residents to the Base.

Defence Comment

Response and management of emergencies and incidents at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR is undertaken in accordance with one of the following plans, dependent on the location of the emergency or incident:

RAAF Base Emergency Management Plan (September, 2012), which includes emergency response for aircraft crashes outside the base;

RAAF Base WLM Airfield Emergency Response Plan (October 2012) – addresses the emergency requirements for an aircraft crash;

RAAF Base WLM Base Fire Orders – addresses emergency requirements for spills leaks and fires;

Other Emergency Response Plans (ERP) - Individual Building ERPs (including an evacuation plan) have been developed for each unit in accordance with the Defence Safety Management Authority requirements. High risk facilities (such as the fuel farms) ERPs have been developed for facility specific activities.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: Department of Defence (2012) RAAF Base Emergency Management Plan.

Department of Defence (2012) RAAF Base WLM Airfield Emergency Response Plan.

Comments and suggestions for improvements (if applicable): NA

2013 Status Ongoing



13. Geology, Hydrology and Soils There are two environmental safeguard relating to geology, hydrology and soils at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Table 13.1 and 13.2 provide the current implementation status.




Defence Comment

A groundwater management plan has not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, however, the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS provides a framework for groundwater management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.

The majority of components that would form the basis of a groundwater management plan are managed by other aspects of the EMS, including the extensive groundwater monitoring program (Refer to Table 5.9 for further details), which includes regular reviews to identify the need for additional investigations and refinements in the program. In addition, any proposal that disturbs the aquifer is assessed for environmental impact and appropriate controls are put in place through the provision of an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) before it can proceed. Whilst the main components of a groundwater management plan are currently in place Defence does recognise that a review is required to consolidate the data into a single plan for ease of reference, assessment against strategic and regional water management objectives and to ensure all aspects of groundwater management are included including the beneficial use of the aquifer for irrigation.


The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS.


RAAF Base Williamtown is located over a large sand aquifer known as the Tomago Sandbeds which form an integral part of the water supply for the city of Newcastle. As a result, the aquifer underlying RAAF Base WLM and SAWR is particularly sensitive.

A groundwater management plan has not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, however, the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS provides a framework for periodic surface water and groundwater monitoring and management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.






At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to potential contamination:

Eliminating fuel spills;

Use of proper absorbent material to prevent spills from infiltrating into the ground and appropriate training of personnel in spill response procedures;

Eliminating leakage from piping;

Removal of disused tanks;

Construction (where necessary) and maintenance of earth bunds and diversion drains to prevent surface water from entering existing and former fuel farm areas;

Identification and proper abandonment of disused irrigation bores;

If possible, removal of potential fuel sources from the areas in the vicinity of the HWC pumping station;

The potential for Aluminium to enter the groundwater at SAWR will be limited through maintaining the existing screening procedures; and

Landfilling will cease at SAWR and other measures will be sought for the safe disposal off-site of collected spent ordnance.

Defence Comment

In recent years, Defence has entered into an Enforceable Undertaking (EU) with COMCARE to improve Defence's management of Hazardous Chemicals (HazChem) to reduce the health and safety risks to Defence personnel and the environment. Periodic reviews and audits have occurred since the first 5 yearly audit was undertaken, with the most recent audit of hazardous materials management occurring in April 2013 (SKM). These audit and review activities are a continual improvement process to reduce the risk of adverse incidents occurring.

In addition, the Defence EMS provides the framework for waste minimization and pollution prevention in accordance with legislation and Defence policies. Screening for spent ordnance within the SAWR target area continues to occur. Ordnance waste is required to be declared free from explosives (FFE) before the metal casings can be recycled through commercial metal recyclers. This process is managed by competent explosive ordnance technicians within the RAAF who work within safe work method procedures. Landfilling does not occur at WLM or SAWR.

Defence implements industry standard procedures identified in the Defence Estate Quality Management System when removing or demolishing disused infrastructure or infrastructure at the end of its life.

Refer to Table 10.1 for further information.

Supporting documents and evidence observed by SKM: The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS.

Department of Defence (2012) RAAF Base Emergency Management Plan.

Department of Defence (2012) RAAF Base WLM Airfield Emergency Response Plan.

Defence (2007) Environmental Clearance Certificate and mitigation measure for the Demolition / Burning Ground at SAWR (Restricted document).

Comments and suggestions for improvements (if applicable): NA

2013 Status Ongoing



14. Traffic and Transport There is one environmental safeguard relating to traffic and transport at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. Table 14.1 provides the current implementation status.


At the time the Hawk LIF EIS and supplementary report were prepared, the following environmental safeguards were proposed for implementation relating to Hawk night-time operations to promote safety especially during after-hours personnel movements related to Hawk night-time operations:

Extra illumination at Base gates; Temporary signage to warn oncoming traffic; and Management of Base gate through-traffic by guards on duty.

Defence Comment

The introduction of Hawk LIF and other developments at the Base have resulted in extensive upgrades to the Base facilities. Extra lighting, signage and gate guards have been installed at the Base gates.


Lighting and signage at Base gates. Management of Base gate through-traffic by guards on duty.





15. Conclusions and Recommendations 15.1 Conclusions

Information obtained and reviewed by SKM during the 2013 review of environmental commitments for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR support the following conclusions:

The RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS and referenced documentation provide the management framework to meet the majority of environmental commitments, and the broader environmental management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. However, the complex relationships between multiple Defence groups at RAAF Base WLM (including but not limited to Air Combat Group, Surveillance and Control Group, Combat Support Group and Defence Support Group) can result in difficulties in clear identification of overall responsibilities and accountabilities for actions such as those contained in the Hawk LIF EIS and conditions of consent. As a result, further consideration and proactive management of the Hawk LIF environmental commitments is required for Defence to fully comply with the conditions of consent and environmental safeguards discussed in this report.

Of the 49 environmental commitments outlined in the Hawk LIF EIS (URS 2002a) and supplementary report (URS 2002b), 46 have either met the environmental commitment and require no further reporting, or have met the environmental commitment but due to their nature require continual or periodical action.

The 3 outstanding environmental commitments require improved management and consideration in order to meet the requirements of the defined conditions of consent or environmental safeguards.

15.2 Recommendations

A number of recommendations to assist Defence in achievement of the environmental commitments and continued improvement in the environmental management framework at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR have been made within this report.

A brief summary of the environmental commitments requiring further improvement and SKMs recommendations are provided below.

Summary of environmental commitments requiring further improvement Condition of Consent No. 20



Recommendations: The current process of review is inconsistent and requires a proactive management and ownership from Defence. It is recommended that Defence establish a more formal management review process to review the currency and effectiveness of the environmental management requirements and strategies identified in the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR site risk register.






Establishment of a waste register for all waste materials generated on the sites. The register will include description of the materials, quantities generated, stored and disposed of;3

Establishment of regular (eg. quarterly) inspections of the facilities to ensure all waste materials are being managed

appropriately;






Recommendations: Comprehensive waste management plans and procedures have not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR. It is recommended that Defence prepare a comprehensive waste management plan to address all waste streams generated at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.





Recommendations: A groundwater management plan has not been developed for RAAF Base WLM and SAWR, however, the RAAF Base WLM and SAWR EMS provides a framework for periodic surface water and groundwater monitoring and management at RAAF Base WLM and SAWR.


In addition, it is recommended that future reporting under Condition of Consent No. 25 should focus on achievement of those environmental commitments identified as requiring improvement in this report, and on the recommendations for improved management, communication and accountability of the Hawk LIF environmental commitments.



16. References Aurecon (2006 – 2009) WLM Monitoring Air Quality (Annual ReportsAECOM (2012 -2013) WLM Air Quality

Monitoring (Quarterly Reports)

Department of Defence (2012) RAAF Base Emergency Management Plan

Department Defence (2012) RAAF Base WLM Airfield Emergency Response Plan

Department of Defence (2007) Environmental Clearance Certificate and mitigation measure for the Demolition / Burning Ground at SAWR (Restricted document).

Department of Defence (2013) Estate Management System (Work Directory Printout).

Department of Defence (2012) NACG Air Ops EMP Review, LCDR John Polglaze RANR (Restricted document)

Department of Defence (2012) Operation RAAF WLM Base Emissions Data (raw data) 2007 – 2012, reported to DSEWPaC (Restricted document).

Department of Defence (2000) Emissions Estimation Technique Manual for Defence Facilities, National Pollution Inventory.

Department of Defence, RAAF WLM Objectives & targets register (internal register).

Department of Defence RAAF WLM Aspects & Impacts Register (internal register).

Department of Defence RAAF WLM Program Baseline Risk Register (internal register).

Department of Defence (2012) Air Combat Group Fly Neighbourly Policy. (Restricted document)

Department of Defence (2002) RAAF WLM Environmental Monitoring Plan (Draft).


Department of Defence (2011) Spring Spray Program.

Department of Defence. (2013). Royal Australian Air Force Flying Area. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New_South_Wales/RAAF_Base_Williamtown/Royal_Australian_Air_Force_Flying_Area_Williamtown/?RAAF-yWRLAjyw9/VPKgil5mIe9WmJQltc8feu. [Accessed 07 June 13].

Department of Defence. (2013). Williamtown Advisory Group. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.airforce.gov.au/RAAFBases/New-South-Wales/RAAF-Base-Williamtown/Williamtown-Advisory-Group/?RAAF-svYJQEcrWFn7McZC9YEcVrCXbo8oVUdO. [Accessed 28 May 13].

Department of Defence. (2013). Noise and Flight Path Monitoring System (NFPMS). [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/id/nfpms.htm. [Accessed 28 May 13].

Department of Defence DEQMS. (2013). Defence Estate Quality Management System. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/im/. [Accessed 29 May 13].

Department of Defence. (2013). Aircraft Noise. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/id/aircraft_noise.htm. [Accessed 07 June 13].

Department (2013). Air 5438. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.defence.gov.au/dmo/id/dcp/html_dec10/air/AIR5438.html. [Accessed 07 June 13].


John Holland (2012) RAAF Base WLM Redevelopments Stage 2, Schematic Design Report, Vol 2 Site Engineering Services.

Port Stephens Council (2008), Environmental Noise Policy.



Serco Sodexho Defence Services (SSDS) (2007) Central Northern NSW Region, Regional Weed Management Plan.

SKM (2007) SAWR Shorebird Survey of Twelve Mile Creek.

SKM (2011a) - Air Quality Management 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range.

SKM (2011b) Technical Supplement – Air Quality Management Plan 2011 Phase 1, RAAF Base Williamtown and Salt Ash Air Weapons Range. (Restricted document)

SKM (2007) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, 77SQN

SKM (2007) Internal Environmental Audit Program 2007, BAE Hangar TFSPO


URS (2002a) Draft Environmental Impact Statement – The Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In- Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and the Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, prepared on behalf of the Department of Defence, April 2002.

URS (2002b) Supplementary Report to the Draft Environmental Impact Statement – The Introduction of the Hawk Lead-In-Fighter at RAAF Base Williamtown and the Salt Ash Air Weapons Range, prepared on behalf of the Department of Defence, July 2002.


Documents

Department of Defence · 2014-07-15 · Defence groups at RAAF Base WLM (including but not limited to Air Combat Group, Surveillance and Control Group, Combat Support Group and Defence