DESCRIBE AND EXPLAIN ANY 2 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY INDUSTRIES IN ANY EUROPEAN (NON IRISH) REGION THAT YOU HAVE STUDIED. 2010 Q 6 C

THE EUROPEAN REGION I HAVE STUDIED IS THE PARIS BASIN.

THIS IS A CORE REGION OF EUROPE.

THE TWO FACTORS I WILL BE DISCUSSING THAT HAVE INFLUENCED THE DEVELOPMENT OF

SECONDARY INDUSTRIES HERE ARE Physical AND Human DYNAMICS

Two reasons for the development of secondary industries in the Paris Basin are Relief (access ) and Human Factors

Physical / drainage – THE RIVER SEINE RUNS FOR 13 KM

THROUGH PARIS . ALONG WITH ITS TRIBUTARIES THE OISE AND THE MARNE, THEY PROVIDE A NATURAL ENTRY AND EXIT POINT FOR ALL IMPORTS AND EXPORTS. THE REGION IS LINKED TO THE SEA BY THE PORT AT LE HARVE AND

SO HEAVY INDUSTRIES SUCH AS OIL REFINING, STEEL AND CAR MANUFACTURE ARE LOCATED ALONG THE RIVER IN THE

NORTHWESTERN SECTION OF THE PARIS BASIN SO THAT COSTS ARE REDUCED FOR THE EASY IMPORT AND EXPORT OF GOODS.

LOWLYING RELIEF IN THE REGION OF THE PARIS BASIN HAS ALLOWED THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFICIENT ROAD AND RAIL NETWORK. RINGROADS AND HIGH SPEED FREIGHT TRAINS OPERATING AROUND THE CITY ALLOW THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY INDUSTRIES. Lowlying relief has also allowed the development of high quality agricultural goods such as dairy produce and cereals. These can be used in the food processing industries such as Danone and cheese manufacturing as in Brie. The existence of such an important agricultural region has also allowed the development of the agricultural machinery industry as in Chartres and Caen. Fertiliser industries to supply the agricultural industry have been developed in Le Havre

THE ADVANTAGE OF CHEAP, EFFICIENT ROAD AND RAIL TRAVEL CAN BE SEEN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FASHION INDUSTRY. FASHION HOUSES SUCH AS GUCCI AND YVES SAINT LAURENT ARE LOCATED JUST OUTSIDE THE CITY ON THE MAJOR ACCESS ROUTES. PARIS HAS THE HIGHEST GDP OF ANY CITY IN THE EU AND SO A HUGE MARKET EXISTS FOR THE SALE OF FASHION GOODS.

ACCESS

THE TRANSPORTATION SERVICES ALSO INCLUDES A METRO AND SEVERAL AIRPORTS, ITS TWO INTERNATIONAL ONES ARE CHARLES DE GAULLE AND ORLY. Paris is a NODAL POINT – this benefits industry as transport costs are kept low and raw materials and finished goods can be transported rapidly. This is seen in the daily transport of dairy produce from Brie.

EASY ACCESS TO BRITAIN IS PROVIDED BY THE TGV (TRANS GRAND VITESSE) , A HIGH SPEED TRAIN , THROUGH THE CHANNEL TUNNEL. These transport routes have allowed the cheap import of raw materials such as fuel, electronics and chemicals

Secondary Industries have also developed due to POPULATION DYNAMICS.

THE MAIN POPULATION DYNAMICS INVOLVED HERE ARE NUMBERS, EDUCATION AND WEALTH.

THE PARIS BASIN HAS A POPULATION OF 22.3 MILLION

AND SO A HUGE MARKET EXISTS FOR ALL TYPES OF INDUSTRIAL GOODS.

AN EXAMPLE OF THIS CAN BE SEEN IN THE COSMETICS INDUSTRY LOCATED IN THE PARIS BASIN. e.g. companies such as Paco Rabanne, are located in the region of Chartres, which consists of over 70 factories and employs over 3,000 people in what has become known as Cosmetic Valley.

IN THE ENTIRE PARIS BASIN REGION OVER 47,000 ARE EMPLOYED IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY. THE PROFIT EACH YEAR FROM THIS INDUSTRY IS €11 BILLION

THE GREATER PARIS REGION HAS 17 UNIVERSITIES THAT PRODUCE A HIGHLY SKILLED AND QUALIFIED WORKFORCE EACH YEAR.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS CAN BE SEEN IN THE HIGH TECH INDUSTRIES LOCATED IN THE SUBURBS SUCH AS AT MARNE-LA-VALLE

HERE INDUSTRIAL ESTATES AND TECHNLOGICAL PARKS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BY THE FRENCH

GOVERNMENT WHICH CONTAIN PHARMACEUTICAL AND OPTICS MANUFACTURE. THE YOUNG EDUCATED

WORKFORCE WORKING HERE IS SUPPLIED BY THE UNIVERSITIES.

DUE TO THE PARIS BASIN BEING AN ATTRACTIVE

LOCATION FOR INDUSTRIES, IT NOW CONTAINS 25% OF THE ENTIRE FRENCH WORKFORCE AND OF THIS 44% WORK IN THE

SECONDARY INDUSTRY SECTOR. 85% of all research projects in France are carried out in the Paris Basin

THIS REGION ALSO CONTAINS SOME OF THE WEALTHIEST PEOPLE IN THE WHOLE OF FRANCE. THIS ENSURES A CONSTANT DEMAND FOR EXPENSIVE LUXURY GOODS PRODUCED LOCALLY

SUCH AS CHANEL CLOTHING AND CARTIER JEWELLERY.

DUE TO A LONG TRADITION OF WEALTH HERE, THE PARIS REGION HAS DEVELOPED A NICHE MARKET FOR ‘HAUTE

COUTOUR’ OR HIGH CLASS FASHION. MOST OF THE FASHION HOUSES LOCATE CLOSE TO THE CITY CENTRE AND SUPPLY THE

WORLD MARKET.