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CONTENTS:
DESCRIPTION OF THE ORGANIZATION
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION
LOCATION OF THE ORGANIZATION
COST ANALYSIS
Direct Material Cost
Direct Labour Cost
Overhead
Labour
Energy
Depreciation
Unit Costs
INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE ENGINEERING PRACTICE
QUALITY POLICY
PRINCIPLES
ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF A PLAN
A) TYPE OF ORGANIZATION
B) STANDARD APPLICATIONS
C) CONTROL TECHNIQUES AND PRODUCTION PLANNING
D) ACCOUNTING
E) SELLING-PURCHASING
F) PLANT LAYOUT
TRANSPORTATION
CLIMATE
RAW MATERIALS
PLANT LAYOUT
ORGANIZATION OF PLANT
STORAGE FACILITIES AND STOCK CONTROL
AUXILARY SERVICES OF THE PLANT
QUALITY CONTROL AND PRODUCTIVITY PRACTICES
MAINTENANCE
SALES AND MARKETING
ASSEMBLY LINE
SAFETY AND WORKER-BOSS RELATIONS
CONCLUSION
APPENDIX
PRODUCTS
DESCRIPTION OF THE ORGANIZATIONNAME OF THE ORGANIZATION
Gürteks Thread Industry and Trading Anonymous Company
LOCATION OF THE ORGANIZATION
2. Organization Industry Area Vali Muammer Güler Street West 2. Street No: 10Şehitkâmil / GAZİANTEP
NUMBER OF TECHNICAL PERSONS EMPLOYED
Textile Technician: 1
NUMBER OF ENGINEERS EMPLOYED
Mechanical Engineer: 2
Electrical and Electronical Engineer: 1
MAIN SPHERE OF ACTIVITY
Production of thread
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION
Founder of Gürteks (also honorary president of Gürteks Group Management
Commission), M. Hayri Özkaya, has met the yarn business by trading of yarn 40 years ago
selling and buying thread. After gaining experience in this field he started to spin yarns with
few old machines in 1987 with thread paint section. Sons of father Özkaya, established
Gürteks Tekstil together with him in 1992.
In recent ten years the production of factory increased. For example the thread
production in 1998 8.5 tones but today 37.5 tones thread production is happening. The four
factories in Gaziantep and one factory in Kahramanmaraş Gürteks Group have five factories.
The thread production is approximately 70-75 tones in a day with production of other
factories.
The factory which locate in second organize in second industry area is the biggest
factory in group and half of the total production is made by this factory. Export and import is
made. Factory has five lines. (Line: A line is called the production of thread from raw
material to product; every line has machines to produce thread raw material to thread. As a
result factory have huge machine park and these machines are the last technology machines.
For good production machine park are modified and renewed in defined time period.) Every
line has 7.5 tones production in a day. The productions which start from pure filament for
tricot are producing in different machines according to the quality of thread. Three relays
works in twenty four hours. Factory has laboratory. The technical people who employ in
laboratory are selected from textile engineers or profession high school students. Now
technical people who work in laboratory are people graduated from profession high school. In
searching-improving works are made with permission of factory manager or management
director. These works are made according to wishes of customer or for improving thread.
Three engineers are employed. These are factory manager and management directors.
Factory manager and one of the directors of management are mechanical engineers. The other
director is electrical and electronic engineer. The situation of engineers can be seen in the
location of organization. The chiefs and the other directors are technical persons which
employed in factory. Most of the factories in organization industry areas technical persons are
educated in factory. Engineers and the other technical people who finish a university or any
school generally do not work in their education subject. The reason of this is employers’ cost
because engineers or other technical people have more right if they work in their education
subject. Therefore generally they work in different section of factory.
COMPANIES OF GURTEKS GROUP
Gürteks Textile and Paint Industry Trading Limited Company
Gürteks Thread Industry and Trading Anonymous Company
Gürteks Marketing Anonymous Company
Gürteks Cotton Industry and Trading Anonymous Company
Gürteks Fantasy Thread Industry and Trading Anonymous Company
Gürteks Engine Vehicles Industry Trading Anonymous Company
Gürteks Energy and Distribution Industry and Trading Anonymous Company
Gürteks Civil Anonymous Company
LOCATION OF THE PLANT
A great many factor should be considered if a plant is to be located advantageously .
Their relative importance will depend upon the particular situations.
Although the selection of a plant to location is a management responsibility, the specific
geographic location of a plant site will have a definite bearing on the factory layout. The
overall plot with access to public utilities, water , highways and the market must be carefully
considered in planning a new facility.
Most layouts are planned using existing facilities and services with the resultant
compromises in the optimum machine and equipment location. In these case service facilities
and major installations are relatively fixed and consequently seldom moved. Building
locations and dimensions may prohibit the proper location of large equipment and existing
floor bearing capacities might completely eliminate the economical use of a second story.
COST ANALYSIS
Cost according that deals with the determination and analysis of the cost of particular
processes jobs or departments within the company. Such cost accounting become the basis
of cost control systems and budgetary control system. Cost control and budgetary control are
both essential in the operation of a modern industrial entegrise for they permit management
to plan ahead and to know when to make changes in order to fulfil the plan.
Cost accounting is the job of taking overall business cost and separating them into
greater detail according to unit of product produced, operation performed or ordered .
Cost accounting provides information for the following purposes:
- Cost determination
- Cost for pricing
- Cost for managerial decision
- Cost control
There are three basic elements which are calculated in Gürteks. They are direct
material cost , direct labour cost, and overhead .
Direct Material Cost:
Direct material cost is the cost of the material that can be directly identified with the
product and is delivered to the customer , in practise any scrap or waste of material is still
changed as direct material even though it is not delivered to the customer. Also one must take
a practical point of views when applying this strict definition of some of these expenditure are
listed below.
Raw material
Using energy
Fuel
Repair and maintenance
Depreciation
Insurance
Stationery
Wrapping .... etc
Direct Labour Cost :
That is the cost of labour that can be identified directly with the manufacture of
the product or the direct results of which are delivered to the customer .
The direct material and direct labour cost when adored together for any one product are called
prime cost.
Overhead:
Overhead cost are often defined as all manufacturing cost other than direct material
and direct labour or other than prime cost. This may seem like a backward definition . If a
cost items is not either direct labour or direct material, it must be overhead . Two types of
overhead , indirect material and indirect labour.
Labour: Cost which pay to the employers and their insurance premiums (employers’ fee) are
calculated according to reports which are prepared by chiefs and directors.
Energy: The energy costs that consumed by machines like electrical energy, fuel is consumed
by generators when electricity is cut off and the other energy costs are calculated. Then they
divide number of days and amount of energy are calculated in a day and the energy costs of
every day are compared each other. As a result of that any mistake in factory are defined and
improved. The total energy cost is added the other expenses.
Depreciation: Depreciations in machines generally do not happen in short period of time.
Therefore the depreciations which are happened are not much effective in cost analysis. They
generally are calculated in a year and divided to months. Generally these are less percentage
in cost analysis according to the other expenses. For delaying depreciations maintenance is so
important and the maintenance parts like machines’ oil or spare parts are important and these
add cost analysis per month.
Unit Costs: In unit cost calculating raw material, labour, and energy are most important ones.
For calculating these directors and accountancy personnel work together. There is a program
and every chief of section is working according to this program. The values which come from
is worked in program are calculated and the sale price are calculated with adding their profits.
For being secret information any cost about how much profit they add or cost of raw material
is not said.
INTRODUCTIONAn engineer must know how to be an organization, how to manage an organization,
what an engineer does in organization and all of the factors that influenced the selection of the
organization place, production type. Also, any other facilities like storage facilities,
production planning, auxiliary foundations, which are covered in the organization, must be
known. Human relations is very important for an engineer in an organization.
The useful productivity, which is done by good production planning and control
techniques, are important for brightness future of an organization. For this reason, an engineer
should understand what the good planning is, what the management is.
An engineer should cover method of solving problem of organization, and must know
how to increase productivity.
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE ENGINEERING PRACTICE
The subject of the summer practice of the ME 399 is having the management and
organisation of the factory and having the general information about the factory.
This is included that the structure of the organization , number of the engineers and
the number of the technical persons, employed etc... and also , knowing and having
information about the working places, having experience, industrial management and
organisation
Firstly I want to explain acceptance of my recourse at the GÜRTEKS TEXTILE,
the unit of personal education to be interested in terms . So I apply this unit for my summer
practise.
The third year summer practise is very different from the other summer practise. I
think , this is more useful and necessary than the others for us. It contains some investigation,
processes of industrial management and organisation.
These are accounting , storage facilities, stock and production control, auxiliary
services of the plant, quality control ,repair and maintenance, accounting etc...
The third year summer practise is useful to understand how the most efficient
layouts of equipment and of operation and services facilities are developed, whether in
manufacturing plants , warehouses or other industrial and business applications.
We learned the technical knowledge up to third year which is noticed in the
organization is important and also , a functions of the mechanical engineers , is considered in
the organization . for example I saw that mechanical engineer worked, at all unit of factory
(management, planing, outdoor trade ,atelier).
The subject of the lecture in the school is to be stiffen at the end of the summer
practice. Also learned the position of the engineers ,managers and the structure of the
organization.
I observed human relations in management , I also reclaimed that the reactions
people have to their work environment are linked directly to their willingness to exert effort
on be half of the organization that employ them.
The summer practice program at the end of the third year should cover industrial
management, organization,production and stock activities, management and workers relation
between each other in the plant.
The third year summer practice gives the principles of production engineer. The task
of production engineer is to ensure that the resources of materials, machinery, materials,
machinery manufacturing method, man and money are employed in the most efficient way;
and to coordinate supervise and control the efforts of people engaged in the various factors of
production. Briefly, we do the third summer practice to cover everything about an
organization from point of view of an engineer that we do not take form school’s theoretical
lessons.
And also management is very important for an organization. Management should
assume the responsibility for planning, directing and organizing work. Management must
developed a solution for each kinf of problem of a work. An engineer is also a manager so he
or she must learn everything about the management.
QUALITY POLICY:
-who is sensitive to client expectations and to current market conditions
-who provides the highest value for its shareholders
-who increases productivity and satisfaction of its staff
-who is proud of being a member of it
-who is always initiator
-who is aware of its social responsibility and
-who is respectful to nature are inevitable qualifications
PRINCIPLES:
Worker of the GÜRTEKS -believe that there is human in the base of all system -they are aware that they will reach success in competitions by with the total customers
satisfaction
-they work as a team and they are creative and initiative
-they consider the quality intended as a way of life
-they obtain their communication with mutual confidence , honestly, clearly, and they always
depend on data
-they are aware of their responsibilities for the social and natural surrounding.
The aim of establishment is to have trade affairs by taking care of the customer’s
pleasures in the first place without giving no concession from our quality.
ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF A PLAN
A) TYPE OF ORGANIZATION
The organization is a main company of the holding company. The types of the
production of the organization shows different properties of different production type. It
shows batch production properties because yarn is produced when and as ordered; and once
the lot is completed it is likely that it will never manufactured again. And it shows continuous
production properties because the product to the nearly same specification are produced
continuously 24 hours daily. The reason for that is the needs of the holding company.
B) STANDARD APPLICATIONS
Some standard applications done in organization are;
- control of the humidity and temperature of the departments,
- examine of the daily production plan,
- quality control of the product,
- settings control of the machine,
- periodic maintenance of machines,
- cleaning of the departments,
- controlling the amount of the raw-material at the storage,
- controlling the amount of the product at the storage,
- preparing the production plan.
C) CONTROL TECHNIQUES AND PRODUCTION PLANNING
Plans and procedure of the all applications which are done in this organization, are
created by planning department. The production plan of the order, which is coming from
selling department, is done by the planning department. The production plan includes what
kind of raw material needed, calculation of the amount of needed raw material, heper
material, package material; to produce the order. Calculation of production time or how many
machines and which ones in the production line must be used according to the delivery
period; are included in the plan. The hardware and software settings accordindg to the order
are contained in the plan.
Planning department not only plans the production activities but also plans the
maintenance activities,quality control activities and general medikal check up activities.
Every kind of controls are done according to an annual plan which was done
beforehand.Controls are classified like these daily, weekly, monthly from the point of view of
the time.
Some controls that are done in this organization are;
Measurement of temperature and humidity of the department,
Software settings of the machines on the production line,
Hardware settings of the machines like, gear’s number, roller’ number,
Machine’s output data sheets,
Imperfection of the raw material,
Wasted material at the production time,
Department cleanliness control,
General cleanliness control.
D) ACCOUNTING
The accounting department maintains this company’s financial records. Also, it provides
information and services on the followings;
1. Cost accounting
2. Financial reports
Financial reports generally include financial position of the organization and the process of
the getting money from a bank or somewhere for a new project.
E) SELLING-PURCHASING
Main function of purchasing department is ensure all raw-materials and used materials
on the time which have high quality and suitable cost.
To buy suitable material, this department is compare and appreciate all information
which are coming from preparation. Also the materials which are bought and stored, is
followed in stock by this department.
Purchasing is one of the key functions in the success of modern manufacturing
concern. Manufacturers profits are affected by good purchasing practices based upon sound
principles and effective purchasing procedures.
Purchasing is an important phase in the control of the flow of materials into the
manufacturing plant from the vendor or supplier. The classes of inventory thus controlled are
purchased parts and raw material . In addition, the inventory of supplies is controlled by the
purchasing activity . Control of the flow of incoming material is an important responsibility
of the purchasing group.
The primary objective is contribute do wards the profits of the manufacturing activity.
Another important objective is to insure availability of materials so that delivery objectives
can be maintained , thus keeping the customer satisfied. Specific objectives that support these
goals are :
- Procurement of the right material in the right quantity and of the right quantity
- Receipt or delivery of this material at the right place and the right time
- Purchase of the material from right source and the right price
In Gürteks the purchasing department is responsible for determining other what material
is to be bought or its quantity and quality.
The complete purchasing cycle consist of the following steps.
1- Receipt and analysis of the purchase requisition
2- Selection of potential sources of supply
3- Issuance of request for quotations
4- Receipt and analysis of quotations
5- Selection of the right source
6- Determination of the right price
7- Issuance of the purchase order
8- Follow-up to insure scheduled delivery
9- Analysis of receiving reports
10- Analysis and approval of vendors invoice for payment
F) PLANT LAYOUT
Plant layout is a plan, or the act of planning, an optimum arrangement of industrial
facilities, including personal, operating equipment, storage space, material handling
equipment, and all other supporting services with the design of the best structure to contain
these facilities.
The plant layout of this plant shows;
-only one type of product is produced, machines are arranged in the order of operation
- the product is standardized
- the product is manufactured in large quantities
- no need to use same machine or work station for more than one operation
- minimum inspection required during sequence of operations.
According to these properties, type of layout of this plant is product layout and so that
it has some advantages;
- high through-put
- usually less skilled labour required
- lower total material handling cost
- lower total production time
- less work-to-progress
- high level of performance due to greater incentive for group of workers
- less flor area per unit of production
- simple production control, fewer records and lower accounting cost
The plant has a lot of the same machine on the each production line so that it is not
susceptible to absenteeism, breakdown and dispute. But the plant layout has one
disadvantage, it is inflexible to processing changes.
TRANSPORTATION
The availability adequacy and cost of transportation are important when considering
the transportation factor for plant location problem. One type of transportation is used in
GÜRTEKS which is highway.On the other hand for exportation sea lane transportation also
used in GÜRTEKS.
CLIMATE
Climate influences human behaviour and efficiency, whose production process
requiring about 24 degrees centigrade should be located on a site that has been mean
temperature of 40 degrees centigrade. Otherwise artificial heating and or cooling will be
needed. Also some humidity is needed especially at woven department. The main
disadvantage of this factory is to have less natural humidity, so there is artificial humidity
needed. The humidity is 65% in overall of factory.
RAW MATERIALS
Some industries by the nature of their manufacturing processes are forced to be
located near raw materials sources. The position of raw materials supplies will obviously
influence the location of extractive industries.
The factory is also located near source if weight is much reduced during processing.
Otherwise performance of the plant may depend on performance of supplies.
One should consider the perishability of the raw material when location the factory. Where
more than one raw material is required in quantity.
The aim is generally to select a location which minimising overall transportation cost.
PLANT LAYOUT
Modern industrial processes required a wide variety of layouts and arrangement. A
layout is mainly determined by the type of process it employs. Plant layout is a plan of , or the
act of planning an optimum arrangement of industrial facilities including personal operating
equipment , storage space, material handling equipment, and all other subparting services
with the design of the best structure to contain these facilities.
Layout is best which integrates the men, materials , machinery supporting activities
and any other consideration in a way that result in the best compromise. A plan layout is the
integration of all the facilities into one big operation unit. In a since , it makes a single
operating machine out of the plant.
It is not enough to have a layout that is inexpensive for producing workers to operate.
It must be convenient for the people servicing or supporting the operation as well.
Maintenance people have to grease machinery, production control personal have to keep the
various operations running , and inspectors must check the quality of the work – in – process.
And these are only a few of the consideration. All the factors must be integrated into an
overall working unit , with each related to the other and the whole for the particular self of
conditions .
ORGANIZATION OF PLANT
Many types of the organization for the layout function exist in industrial today.
Although it is generally today recognised as an industrial, and mechanical engineers function.
Large corporation have some flexibility in deciding how their layout function should
be handled. A completely centralised layout function should be used.
Successfully where several workers or operations unit exist under one root. Using
similar equipment to produce different product. If the layout function is decentralised in such
a plant the bottle for floor space and equipment is constant.
In GÜRTEKS staff organization are applied. The nature of staff relationship is
advisory. Staff is auxiliary , organization is the addition of some specialist. The specialists are
added in order to relieve the president of some of their burden. Certain responsibilities are
shared by the specialists, but they report to the president. The staff men only studies situations
and makes recommendations to the superior. The superior makes the decision.
When one looks at an organisation structure as a whole the general character of line
and staff relationship for the total organisation amerces. Certain departments are
predominantly staff in their relationship to the entire organisation . Other department are
preliminary line.
STORAGE FACILITIES AND STOCK CONTROL
Stock keeping reduces the tendency of the production units to each other . Also
reduces of sales from the production . It reduces the negative effects of the uncertainties in
the volume of the demands.
Stock enable an economic purchasing and economic production volume. Setting up
costs may be too large so one can plant to produce large volumes (meaning stock keeping )
in order to reduce this cost. Also purchasing over a period . This will also reduces the cost of
transportation , insurance etc...
Stock protect the company from the negative effects of the increasing in the cost of
raw material and production of yarn and cloth.
AUXILARY SERVICES OF THE PLANT
- Heating and cooling centre
- Dining hole and social buildings
- Warehouse
- Administration building
QUALITY CONTROL AND PRODUCTIVITY PRACTICES
Quality control refers to all of these functions or activities that must be performed to
fulfil the company’s quality objectives according to the regulations of ISO 9002.
Quality begins with the design of a product in accordance with the customers
specification . Further , it involves the establishment of measurement standards the selection
of a suitable manufacturing process and the necessary tooling to make the product , the
performance of the necessary manufacturing operations, and the inspection of the product to
check on conformance with the specifications.
Quality control department is concerned with how its product meets the customers
specifications. Also concerned with the prevention of defects on manufacturing so that the
items may be made right and not have to be rejected . An important component of quality
control is the inspection function , which provides a mean of checking the conformance of the
items with the measurement standard.
The administrative responsibility control is frequently tested in a chief inspector or
quality manager. The position of this person in the organisation structure will depend to a
considerable extend upon the nature of the business in Gürteks manufacturing process and
products requiring a high degree of precision, so the quality control function is very important
, and the person responsible for it will commonly occupy a position on the same level as the
person in charge of manufacturing. It is generally accepted that it is not good policy to assign
responsibility for quality control to the manager who is responsible for getting out
production , the reason being that he may slight quality in order to meet production demands.
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance is function of manufacturing management that is concerned with the day
to day problem of keeping the physical plant in good operating condition . It is an essential
activities in every manufacturing establishment , because it is necessary to insure the
availability of machines, buildings and services needed by other parts of the organization for
the performance of their functions at an optimum return on the investment , whether this
investment is in machinery , materials or employees.
Maintenance is necessary in all manufacturing establishment because machines break
down , parts wear out and buildings deteriorate. In GÜRTEKS three ateliers exists, one is
electrical ,other is mechanical, the other is general atelier which have engineers and qualified
personnel.
SALES AND MARKETING
The manufacturer can be certain that he understands the customers problem and is
delivering what he desired. Without doubt direct selling gives the manufacturer maximum
control over selling practices and polices while the use of other channels tends to reduces his
control. So many items in the industrial field are special or must be engineered to meet
technical requirements.
The engineer plays an important role. As a sales manager he not only sells the product
to the customer but also renders engineering service before during and after installation .To be
only a salesman is often not enough in industrial sales work.
ASSEMBLY LINE
An assembly line is a series of assembly stations through which a product must pass in
an orderly , established manner. The assembly process can be broken down into work stations
each of which consists of an operator working at a given location performing specified tasks.
However the tasks must be assigned to the various work stations according to the produce
requirements so that the idle time over whole process is a minimum. An idle situation would
involve a line in which all the stations would have equal work content measured in terms of
time assigned to them.
SAFETY AND WORKER-BOSS RELATIONSThe safe working conditions are one of the important problem of the industrial
organization. Preparing safe working conditions and preventing industrial accident by forming
a good plant layout are the most critical facing of industrial management. These are important
because any mistake in the working conditions from point of view of safety has no return so
that everything must be thought while planning the working conditions. The experts of
GÜRTEKS plan every facilities of the organization by the conscious of important of the safe
working conditions.
In the plant layout some considered factors from point of view of safety are;
- all the troubles which are present on the loops have be informed to the authorized persons.
- electric based of the tool should not be opened
- during the repairing time, cleaning should not be carried out
- the workers must use gloves, eye glasses, gas masks
- the fire tubes are placed into the every department
- the sensors of fire alarm are placed a lot of points in the organization
- the plant has fire brigade department.
Human relation is very important for the plant. Because the productivity is related with
the relations of the workers. In this point managers and engineers have a big responsible.
Because one of the important responsibility of the managers is human relation. The good
relation with workers increases the productivity. Otherwise, the coordination must not be
between workers and so that the productivity of the plant will decrease.
The managers of the organization discuss the demand of salary increase with the
representative of syndicate.
CONCLUSION
Working in a factory teaches lots of things for example the working principles of
machines, temperature which working machines in high quality without deforming machines,
care when working in machines because there are big machines also big parts so any care loss
can be very harmful, maintenance and its importance and lots of things. However most useful
learning is how factory works and what an engineer make during a factory works. People say
“In university theory part of engineering are learned but in real life this is not enough life
always more and more”.
Generally engineers do not work at their education situation. They work different
sections of factory and beside of their educational information being practical is wanted by
directors. In conclusion after finishing university a new and different life is starting maybe
easy or maybe hard it changes the view angle of person which look but a thing is certain life
really wants more and more that you can give.
It is impossible to say that management so easy . Manager is responsible for
planning , directing and organising work. Planning and execution of a work is very
difficult ,so should be separated from each other . This will make the people work at their
highest level of efficiency.
In Gürteks the relationship among the people and groups that make up the company
is very friendly but the salary of the workers are very low like all other factory so this
decrease efficiency. I learned how to behave as an engineers and also learned the relationship
between an engineers and workers during the summer practice. Sometimes I thought as
mechanical engineer or industrial engineers, I planed the planning of the location of
department, machines and other facilities for production to the sequence of manufacturing
operation.
In Gürteks or other company engineer have to increase production and reduces costs
by eliminating waste and inefficiency. They concerned with the design improvement and
installation of integrated systems of men, machines and materials , it can be emphasised that
the planning of materials handling, storage producing requirements and the selection of
necessary equipment is a complex and frequently tasks.
Most important thing I learned which an engineers who worked for a company must
have very good management characteristic
PRODUCTS
FANTASY YARNS
CHENILLE
It can be produced as raw white Acrylic, Viscone, Cotton, Polyester. Whereas only Acrylic can be dyed. It is possible to manufacture between NM 1- NM 8,
and dyed on hank as 280-300 kgs.
BOUCLE
It is produced Acrylic/Polyamide mixed, every lots are 300 kgs in hank dyeing, it is possible to produce from NM 4 to NM 10
MOSS (ROZA)
It can be manufactured Acrylic/Polyamide mixed, every lots are 300 kgs in hank dyeing or 650 kgs in cone dyeing. It can be produced between NM 3 to NM 10.
FRISE
It is also Acrylic/Polyamide mixed, each lot is 850 kgs on cone dyeing, it can be manufactured from NM 8 to NM 17.
SEMI (ANA)
It is Acrylic/Polyamide/Wool mixed, between NM 1 to NM 5, each lot is 300 kgs on hank dyeing.
SENEM (REGATTA)
It is mixture of Acrylic/Polyamid, manufactured between NM 5 and NM 8, each lot is 300 kgs on hank dyeing.
VERDE
It is preffered to be produced between NM 5 to NM 7. Mixture is Acrylic/Polyamide as most of other fancy yarns and dyeing is 650 kgs on cone
dyeing
PAMSA
Number Metrik range is NM 5 to NM 8. It is Acrylic/Polyester mixed and each lot must be 2 tonnes.
The yarns produced have worsted technology from NM 8 to NM 50, in single, double and three plies as HB and RX yarn. It is used mainly in knitting as well as weaving of fabric and carpet. Dyeing systems for these yarns are as follows: Tow dyeing ( minimum lot may change from 2 ton to 20 tonnes), cone dyeing ( each lot is app 650-850 kgs), hank dyeing ( each lot is app 300 kgs). Acrylic/Wool, Acrylic/Viscose, Acrylic/Polyamide yarns also manufactured in worsted system and dyed hank dyed or cone dyed.
Other Fancy Yarns : Fancy yarns kinds are much more than above mentioned and there is a Research & Development is going on for new fancy yarn productions. Seranat, Alis, Tawny, Bolero, Macaroni are some these fancy yarns
COTTON YARN OE
100% Pure cotton yarn between Ne 6/1 to Ne 30/1, has dyeing guarantee in Open-End system factory.
ACRYLIC RING YARN
There is a production of 100% Acrylic Dralon microfiber ( shot fiber) yarn used for production of chenille yarn, count is between Ne 20/1 and Ne 80/1
PP CARPET YARN
BCF, Heat set & twisted carpet yarn between 1300 and 2700 dtex.