DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERISED STADIUM MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM.doc

8/10/2019 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERISED STADIUM MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM.doc

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ACOMPUTERISED STADIUM

MANAGEMENT INFORMATIONSYSTEM. (CASE STUDY OF NNAMDI

AZIKIWE STADIUM ENUGU).

ABSTRACT

This project was centered on computerized stadium

management information system. The current process of

management is being operated manually and due to this

procedure numerous problem are been encountered. A

design was taken to computerized the manual process in

order to check this problem. The problems were identified

after series of interviews and examination of documents

after which analysis was made and a computerized

procedure recommended. This project will also suggest how

to successfully implement the computerized procedure and

to overcome the obstacle that would hinder the successful

implementation of the system. The new system was

designed using Microsoft visual basic 6. programming

language. This language was chosen because of its easy

syntax and features for developing windows based

applications.


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TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

!ertification

"edication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

#.# $ackground of the study

#.% &tatement of the problem

#.' (urpose of the study

#.) *bjective of the study

#.+ &cope of the study

#.6 ,imitation of the study

#.- Assumption

#. "efinition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

,/T01AT210 103/04


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CHAPTER THREE

'. 1esearch Methodology

'.# Method of "ata !ollection

'.#.# (rimary Method

'.#.% &econdary Method

'.% (rocess5/nformation low Analysis

'.' (roblem of the 0xisting &ystem

'.) 7ustification of the 8ew &ystem

'.+ /nput and *utput "esign

'.6 ile "esign

'.- &ystem lowchart

'. Architectural "esign

!9A(T01 *21

).# /ntroduction

).% (rogram flowchart

).' (rogram source code

).) (rogram /mplementation

!hapter ive

+.# &ummary

+.% !onclusion

+.' 1ecommendation


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CHAPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

#.# INTRODUCTION

The advent of computer Technology has brought relief

to repetitive tasks and has helped in the better management

and origination of data. /nformation management system

can be applied to any system that facilitates storage:

management and retrieved of data and information re;uired

for some particular application within a computer system.

This makes it easier for data to be handled or managed.

The stadium staffs have been finding it so difficult to

manage information for example: in the existing system

where everything is processed manually: the operators find

it difficult to store: locate or retrieve information when

necessary. Also the issue of crowd control and ticketing:

which is needed in events to generate income for the sector.

(rocessing ticket for an event manually can be costly: time which create loss in the

finance of the stadium unable to communicate with one

another in other to share information which leads to time?

consuming: re?entering of information and lack of

centralized system for customer information.


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1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This work is aim to reduce the work of stadium

operators: managers: and individuals. urthermore: the

aims of this work are to.

=i> &tudy the present way of processing ticket.

=ii> "esign a new system that will be more convenient

and efficient: which will take care of difficulties

encountered in the present system.

=iii> "esign a new system that will enable the

organization control crowd in every event.

=iv> "esign a system that will make access to record or

information easier.

1. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

There are lot of activities that takes place in the

stadium an example is the processing of ticket and

management of information. This research will base on a

computerized management information system in the

stadium.


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1.! LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The following constraints were experienced during the

course of the research.

a Time !onstraint

"ue to the shortness of the semester and other

activities within the school: there was no much time to

carryout more research.

b ,ack of Money

The issue of going from one place to another in search

of materials relevant to the work calls the attention of

monetary problems which limit the cost of this research.

1." SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this research is to help the staffs

attain excellence: accurancy: and effectiveness in the data or

information with aid of an information management system.

ASSUMPTION

The design of the system is assumed to be cost

effective bt beneficial to stadium. The design will

reduce the problem facing staff or operators of the

organization.


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1.# DEFINITION OF TERMS

"ata < /t is a law fact or it is unprocessed information.

/nformation < They are data that has been processed and

ready for use.

Management < /t is the bringing together of resources and

people for the accomplishment of a specific goal.

CHAPTER TWO

2.$ LITERATURE REVIEW


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!omputerization is the process of building a new

system upon a computer technology for input: output:

processing and storing. !omputer entirely replaces the

manual system that is using only paper and pencil for

processing.

/n $arba ".,.A =#@-@> in his contribution says that

computerization does not only involve computer technology

consisting to only hardware and software but also the

communication link: that is it establishes the link for data

communication devices to interact and share data as well as

transferring data5information from one location to another.

$esides: computers can be used for keeping records and

these records are always available whenever they are

needed and the need of carrying office file from one place to

another is eliminated and in most cases some document

may get lost or be tampered with the transmit.

"avies ".4 =#@-@> state that computers have replaced

manual technology because of its ability to process large

volume of data or even handle complex work =processing

cap ability> at a very high speed. /t gives out accurate result

at each time except when it is fed with incorrect data:

arbage?in?garbage?out. 9ence: the need for

computerization is certified.


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/n this stadium: computerization help to keep accurate

records in which case one can call up a customer record to

find out necessary information about the customer when

needed. This also helps to reduce redundancy in collecting

customerBs record and also eliminate the problem of missing

of some customer files.

Also rench !&. =#@@6> states that a file is a document

stored in the computer individually by name and is

organized in a particular way with a well defined structure

consisting of a collection of records each of which are made

up of files.

9enry !.,. =commented that a typical organization has

a large number of files: many of which may be stored on a

computer device. 4e call these data machine readable

because one can use computer to process them. (aper files

on the other hand are much less accessible. A large

organization related file as part of a database.

rench !.& also defined a database as a single

organization collection of structured data stored with a

minimum of duplication of data items so as to provide

consistent users of the system but is independent of

programs that use the data. "atabases are normally set up

in order to meet the information needs of major parts of an


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organization. /t is not possible to construct a database in a

single operationC it is usually built up section. "uring this

process it is possible toD

Add new EfilesF of data.

Add new fields to record already present in the base.

!reate relationship between the items of data.

A database re;uires to be stored on large capacity

direct access devices. The usual medium is the magnetic

disk. or security purposes a copy of the database may be

held on magnetic tape or disk.Although to the user: the database may appear as a

collection of files: data in database is organized in a more

complex way than data in conventional files. "atabase may

be classified according to the approach taken to database

organization. The classes are relational: network:

hierarchical and file inversions. $ut this project workdiscusses more on relational database: which is it users:

types of table called relations.

"ata description must be standardized for this reasons

a data description language =".".,> is provided which must

be compared to the declarations and processing statementin a compared to the declarations and processing statement

in a conventional programming language.


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&ince complex files are processed in the database: a

complex software system called database management

system is re;uired for construct: expands and maintain the

database. /t provides the controlled interface between the

user and the data in the database. The "$M& allocated

storage of data.

/t maintains indices so that any re;uired data can be

retrieved and so that separate items of data in the database

can be cross?refrenced. The "$M& provides facilities for

different types of file processing such as process a complete

file =serially or se;uentially> process re;uired records

=selective se;uential or random> and retrieved individual

records. /t has the function of providing security for the data

in the database.

Gent =#@'>: present a set of guiding to make

8*1MA,/HAT/*8 more intentive. irstly: normal form

re;uires that all occurrence of a record type contain the

same number of fields. As a result of record cannot contain

a repeating group. &econd normal forms re;uire the design

to examine the relationship between key field and other field

in the record. /n general: normalization creates a database

in which there is minimum redundancy of data and risk of

demanding the database through updating is minimized.


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Most computerized systems cannot accept data informs

customary to human communication such as speech or hand

written documents. /t is necessary therefore to present data

to the computer in a way that provides easily conversion into

its own electronic pulse based form. This is commonly

achieved by typing the data into keyboard devices that

convert it into machine sensible forms. "ata finally enters

storage.

rawhil M.! draw a distintion between data and

information. $y using the description information storage

and retrieval rather that storage and retrieval that emphasis

is firmly place upon something meaningful to a user rather

than upon he technicalities of storage. 9e also stressed that

the more the meaning that was to be represented and

stored: the more complex the storage organization and

structure must be. As records are stored in these system

their contents are automatically indexed by the software.

&ubse;uently: the use may be able to find every instance of

selected record very ;uickly.

A generally conclusion drawn from this is that: the

provision of suitable information and storage retrieval. /n a

manner suited to the kind of data and to the information

needs of the user or organization. Also: the data to be

processed by the computer must be collected. The process


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of data collection then involves getting the original data

converting it from one medium to another and finally getting

it into the computer.

Abudullahi: 7./ defines data collection as the process

involved in getting the data from its points of original

collection starts at the services of raw data and ends when

valid data is within the computer in a form ready for

processing. The process of data collections may involve any

number of the following depending on the method used

which includes the followingD

I "ata creation.

I Transmission of data.

I "ata preparation.

I (ossible conversion from one medium to another.

I /nput of data to the computer from validation.

I &orting

I !ontrol?all stages must be controlled

Also in processing the stadium information record: data

control measures should be involved. The following such asD

Manual controls

"ata collection controls

3alidation checks


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$atch controls to ensure that all data is processed preserve

the integrity of maintained data: delete: correct and

reprocess all error.


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CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

INPUT%OUTPUT SYSTEM

3.$ RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1esearch is an investigation in order to discover new

factors through planning and systematic collection analysis

and interpretation of data: where as particular task:

therefore: research methodology is a detailed description of

what the researcher planned and procedure adopted in

gathering new facts relevant to the project work.

/t is therefore an established fact that without data:

there can be no analysis. This is the crux of social science

research. "ata can be defined simply as basic facts an figure

mostly numeric in nature: resulting from business economic

and social activities of man.

3.1 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

/n the course of this project: the following outlines the

method of data collection used.

(rimary method

&econdary method


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3.1.1 PRIMARY METHOD

The ;uestionnaire and the direct observation methods

THE &UESTIONNAIRE METHOD

/ sent ;uestionnaire and appeal to the management of the

stadium responsible for day to day operation of the stadium.

&ome of the ;uestions sent to the management were meant

to obtain the following informationD

I The goal and objective of stadium records.

I The organizational structured of 8namdi azikiwe

stadium

I 9ow the stadium operates

I 9ow tickets are been sold.

I /nputs: outputs and process forms used for fans and

customers record.

I The problem of stadium records.

I inally to ascertain if computerization can be a way out

of their inherent problem.

$esides thorough care was exercised to structure ;uestions

based on these aims so as to ensure that the ;uestionnaire

is developed effectively and efficiently as toD

Achieve the objective of the system under study.


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et the maximum information in the minimum time.

OBSERVATION

&ome fact were also recorded through my observation

of some activities carried out on stadium information record

in the management department which is my area of

concentration.

3.1.2 SECONDARY METHOD (OTHER METHOD)

*ther method we used in data collection as stated was

deductions from the fans and football fanatics that come

regularly to watch football in the stadium? 8namdi Azikiwe

stadium.

3.2 PROCESS%INFORMATION FLOW ANALYSIS

The highest profile from which information flows and

are processed is EThe entry while the lowest is Ethe fansF in

between this terminals are several department whose

functions function are definitely instrumental to the effective

and efficiency processing as well as circulations of data. As

you go from down =fans level> to up =entry> facts and figures

are passed in form of data while as you descend from

highest to lowest: facts and figures are passed on as

information. $elow shows the trend of process information

flow analysis of fans5customers record in 8namdi Azikiwe

&tadium.


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INFORMATION FLOWCHART

3.3 PROBLEM OF THE E'ISTING SYSTEM

The problems that are obtainable from the existing

system are inherent mostly from the current method of

operation =The manual method> which includes the

following.

LACK OF OFFICE SPACE

This is due to many working materials like files: paper:

cartons shelves etc that must be accommodated.

MANUAL LIMITATION

DIRECTOR

HEAD OF ADMIN. SERVICE

DEPUTY DIRECTOR

STADIUM MANAGEMENTHEAD OF STADIUM

SERVICES

STADIUM

WORKERS

FANS/CUSTOMERS


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Many processes demands high mental exercise and care

which if not properly documented could result to

inaccuracies.

MISSING ITEM

Most time data records or even files are out of place. This

can be caused by carelessness: oversight: overstress by any

of such unpredictable factors.

TIMELINESS

"espite the high staff turnover: information is not usually

prepared on time. !omprehensive accounting sheet: total

number of attendance in one match etc. are usually never

ready at the appropriate time.

POOR SECURITY

There is no enough security to keep data from unauthorized

instruction. This means that in critical cases: records can be

altered without due formalities.

UPDATE IS DIFFICULT

"ue to records can only be searched out by going through

file shelves: it becomes more tedious as opposed to glance

some data which are operations: but mishandled the

following are the inputs &taff 8ame=surname>: other 8ames:


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(hone 8o: department: health details: sex : Age: "ate:

9ealth /nstitution etc.

3. JUSTIFICATION OF NEW SYSTEM

The initial problem of the existing system as outlined

above hinders efficiency in the &tadium and reduces

effectiveness in data processing. That not withstanding:

initially changes and other crucial analysis re;uire lots of

labour and mathematical calculation perhaps ;uite

numerous and complex.

A computer is known for its capability to perform complex

and routine function satisfactory: notably difficult for man.

!omputerization therefore offers the benefits of cost and

labour effectiveness: for this institution =8namdi Azikiwe

stadium> in her meeting up with challenges of modern data

pressing. This has greatly motivated the design of this new

system. *bjectively: the system will provide compute based

tools and designs: suitable and social technically: acceptable

for the !*M(2T01/H0" &TA"/2M MA8A0M08T &J&T0M.

3.! INPUT AND OUTPUT DESIGN

"ata red into the system tell more about the output

desired for this project: the user shall input data via the

keyboard: initialize command via the keyboard or with the

aid of a backing storage. Then the output processed can be


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accessed from the 3"2: floopy disk or store in the system

database: the following describes the data design for the

new system.

INPUT DATA (DESIGN)

DATA ITEM DATA TYPE FIELD WIDTH

Ticket /" &tring %

*wner &tring #+

Amount /nteger #

&eat 1eserved &tring #+

Match (layed &tring #'

OUTPUT DESIGN FOLLOWING

"ATA /T0M "ATA TJ(0 /0," 4/"T9

Total 8o *f Tickets

&old

&tring %+

Total Attendance &tring #

Amount &tring ##

3." FILE DESIGN

ile are sets of records which must be retained over a

number of operational cycles of the system: because of the

volume of information that computer holds in storage?

keeping where other storage tools are limited. iling is

adopted to hold records in this case. &pecially: random are

used in this project. The file structure.

STAFF FILE

10!*1" ATT1/$2T0 "ATA TJ(0 /0," 4/"T9


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8ame =&urname> &tring %

*ther names &tring #+

(hone 8o /nteger #

"epartment &tring #+

0mail &tring #)

CUSTOMER FILE

3. SYSTEM FLOWCHART

10!*1" ATT1/$2T0 "ATA TJ(0 /0,"

4/"T9

8ame =&urname> &tring %6

*ther name &tring #6

(hone. 8o /nteger #0mail &tring #+

Address &tring #+

avorite sport kit &tring #+

KEYING OF

DATA (KEYBOARD)

DISPLAY

INPUT ON

THE SCREEN

(VDU)

PROCESSING

DATA (CPU)

DATABASE

FILE

(FILE)

PRINTING OF

THE

OUTPUTS

(PRINTING)


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3.# ARCHITECHURAL DESIGN

ABOUT FORM START

EXITPASSWORD

SPLASH FORM

MENU FORM

TABLE FORM

RECORD FORM RELATIVE FORM

TEMPORARY FORM

REFERENCE FORM PRINT FORM


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CHAPTER FOUR

PROGRAME* TESTING AND IMPLEMENTTION

.1 INTRODUCTION

The program design was considered in the following two

areasD

#> M+,-/0 ,456 !reation of modules was necessary

since we realize that the system would be made of different

units which would be same what difficulty to design as one

whole unit. 4e therefore created representative module for

the complex whole.

2) A78-/ D456 At this point: the individual modules so

far created were transformed into actual working design.

This design stage involves the creation of forms and placing

of necessary objects on these forms.

.2 PROGRAM FLOWCHART (APPENDI' 1)

.3 PROGRAM SOURCE CODE (APPENDI' II)

. PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

To affect a changeover into the new system: the health

institution should adopt =chapter '> steps as was discussed:

to prepare the ground for the implementation and other

factors which includesD


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STAFF TRAINING

4ith the help of the program flowchart =item ).%> the

algorithm =).#> and system chart ='.@> staff can be

wonderfully e;uip to use this application.

PROGRAMMING

Though this application has been exhaustively tested to

meet the user re;uirements. / the programmer is ready to

render directives in the course of implementation.

SYSTEM TESTING

The system has been tested on the basis of program

flow and procedure flow. The information from the indexes

proves the success so far. iles have also been converted to

meet the user re;uirement as in the former system.

CHANGE OVER

/ recommend parallel conversion for this system. This is

because: since the old system has been manually based: this

new one needs to be gradually absorbed before phasing out

to avoid uncertainties.

DOCUMENTATION%USER GUIDE

This system is developed in 3isual $asic programming

language =object *riented>. /n this project: both the

elementary and advanced features of 3$ programming


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language are extensively utilized to achieve the system goal.

3isual $asic makes it possible to enter data in user readable

form. After processing the user can get the output either in

form of softcopy or hardcopy.

H/0,9/0 /5, +:89/0 0;-0

After a successful booting: load the visual basic

interpreter.

/nsert the disk containing the program


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At 3isual $asic environment: open the disk and double

click on the program icon: this will automatically load

the program into memory and display the program.

(ress from the keyboard to run the program or click

128 M082 to display list of option: click or E&TA1TF to

run the program.


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CHAPTER FIVE

!.$ SUMMARY* CONCLUTION AND RECOMMENDATION

!.1 SUMMARY6

According to my project topic: it is justified that

computer can be adopted process data related to &TA"/2M

MA8A0M08T.

The stadium E8namdi Azikiwe &tadiumF facing several

approaches needs a development of this system that can

automatically prepare.

Total Attendance in a Match

,ist of 1egular fans5!ustomers

Accounting /nformation

&taff 1ecords

Maintaining security system.

illing 5access system

2pdating 5maintaining system for fans and staff

=detection: update and insertion operation>

1ecords outputs in the form of soft copies and hard copies

with respect to achieving these outline above: the project

narrows concentration down to the customers.


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CONCLUSION

!omputerization at large is ideal and effective towards

solving this day data processing problems with indent

analysis of vast activities of computerization covered in this

project: despite the limited time frame: the institution can

discover it an easy task: processing records.

RECOMMENDATION

Therefore: computerization should be used in running

the daily activities of data processing =as per records> in the

stadium. /n this order / recommend this new system to

8namdi Azikiwe &taduim to be used in keeping records.


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REFRENCES

Abdullah: 7./ =%)> /ntroduction to the computer: A

management toolD 3ictory publisher 8igeria: 8o. % odor

street *werri.

Ani: !.*=%'> (rogramming with Microsoft $asic

/mmaculate (ublications limited: 0nugu.

eingold !. =#@@-> /ntroduction to data processing %nd

0dition 2&A: 4.M.!. $rown !ompany publishers.

rench: !.&. =%%> !omputer &cience: $ook (ower

publisher ,ondon.

,oudon: G.!.and ,oudon: 7.( =#@@#> $usiness /nformation

&ystems A (1*$,0M &*,3/8 A((1*A!9 2&A T90

"ryden (ress.

,ucas: !.9.=#@-> /nformation Technology for Management

=sixth 0dition> 8ew Jork 2niversity: Mcraw?9ill

companies: 8ew Jork.

Millspaugh: A.!. and $radley: 7.!. =%% (rogramming

visual basic 6. Mcraw companies 8ew Jork.

To %## federal medical centre owerri.

*parah: !.! and *guike: *.0 =%6> Management

/nformation &ystem: shack publisher 8igeria *werri.


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*rilla: ,.& =#@-@> /ntroduction to $usiness "ata processing

8ew Jork: Mcraw? 9ill.

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERISED STADIUM MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM.doc