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DesignProposalfortheSauceBot
ZachBelangerTylorDuvalNickJakelskiAugustJareckiGregMilks
LaurentianUniversityBhartiSchoolofEngineering
MechanicalEngineeringDesignProjectENGR4595
December20th,2015
P a g e 2
Abstract
TheSauceBotisanautomatedhockeypuckpasser,whichallowsforefficient
and reliable passes to players without the needed assistance of a coach. This
machinewillminimize a coach’swork topass thepuckandallowhim to fully
focus on the players and the development of their skills. All of our group
membershaveplayedhockeythroughoutourlives;thiswasthegreatestreason
formotivation indesigning suchamachine. Asagroupourmaingoalsare to
worktogetherasefficientlyaspossible,andtodesignareliableandfunctioning
prototype. Working together as a team and ensuring proper communication
betweenoneanotherwillbetterourfunctionalityasagroup,andwillresultina
cost-effective and useful design for our final product. Our first step in this
processistocomeupwithaconceptanddrawthedesignonSolidWorks.From
herewecan furtherdiscussand finalizedesignsandbegin testingof the firing
system.Asdesigningcomestoanend,wewillbeabletobeginmanufacturingof
ourproduct.
P a g e 3
TableofContentsAbstract..........................................................................................................................................................2Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................................5ListofFigures..............................................................................................................................................6ListofTables................................................................................................................................................81. DesignOverview................................................................................................................................91.1HopperSystem...............................................................................................................................91.2Ramp...................................................................................................................................................91.3Conveyor...........................................................................................................................................91.4FiringSystem................................................................................................................................101.5RotatingSystem...........................................................................................................................10
2. ConceptDevelopment...................................................................................................................112.1ProblemStatement.....................................................................................................................112.2FunctionalRequirements........................................................................................................122.3ProductConstraints...................................................................................................................132.4PughMatrix....................................................................................................................................14
3. Calculations.......................................................................................................................................204. MaterialsandMassProperties..................................................................................................275. ResearchFindings...........................................................................................................................296. PreliminaryTestingandAlternativeSolutions..................................................................326.1 FiringSystem.............................................................................................................................356.2HopperSystem.............................................................................................................................38
7. FiniteElementAnalysis(FEA)...................................................................................................417.1LinearActuatorMount..............................................................................................................417.2WheelMount.................................................................................................................................427.3BasePlateSupport......................................................................................................................437.4SidePanel........................................................................................................................................44
8. ShootingPseudocode....................................................................................................................469. ElectronicInterfaceDiagram.....................................................................................................4810.UserControl.......................................................................................................................................4910.1HowtheUserInterfaceswiththeSaucebot..................................................................4910.2AppControls...............................................................................................................................49
11. BulkProductionAnalysis..........................................................................................................51AppendixA–EDrawingoftheDesign...........................................................................................54
P a g e 4
AppendixB–DrawingsofMajorComponents...........................................................................55AppendixC–WorkBreakdownSchedule(WBS)......................................................................63AppendixD–BillofMaterials............................................................................................................64AppendixE-GanttChart.......................................................................................................................67
P a g e 5
AcknowledgementsWewouldfirstliketothankMr.BradGreasleyfromStainlessSteelTechnologiesforsupplyinguswiththesomeofoursteelmaterialatadiscountedprice.AnotherindividualwewouldliketothankisMr.AndréDuval,forhavinghelpedtosolderourArduinoboard.WewouldliketothankMr.GregLakanenforbeingavailableatalltimestoansweranyquestionswemayhaveandforhiscontinuoussupport.Dr.BrahimChebbihasbeenagreatleaderthroughoutthemonths,andwasalwaysavailableforquestionsandneverhesitatedtohelpwhenitwasrequired.Wewouldliketothankhimforhiscontinuoussupport.Dr. Markus Timusk has been our professor for capstone, and has clearlydemonstrated to us the multiple steps needed to be taken to ensure a properconcept design. We would like to thank him for his continuous support andguidance.
P a g e 6
ListofFiguresFigure1:FreeBodyDiagram(FBD)ofthefiringsystem.......................................................20Figure2:Samplecalculationsoftheconveyorsystem...........................................................22Figure3:FreeBodyDiagram(FBD)oftheelectricallinearactuator...............................24Figure4:Schematicoftheelectricallinearactuator................................................................25Figure5:Derivationofequationstobeabletoselecttheappropriateelectricallinearactuator........................................................................................................................................................26Figure6:Finaltimeforacomplete90degreeoscillation......................................................26Figure7:Differentoptionsthatwereconsideredforthefiringsubsystem..................32Figure8:Thesingle/multipletubeloadinghopperandthevibratinghopperdesign..........................................................................................................................................................................33Figure9:Therotatingarmhopperdesign....................................................................................34Figure10:Thisfiguredisplaysthemainconceptofourinitialpuckshootingtests..35Figure11:Aviewfromtheshootingpositionofthefinalizedpuckshooterdesign.36Figure12:Firstconceptofapuckhopper....................................................................................38Figure13:Tentativefinalhopperdesign......................................................................................39Figure14:Topviewoffinalhopperdesigntesting..................................................................39Figure15:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadwasappliedandwhichsurfacewasfixed......................................................................................................................................................41Figure16:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheLinearActuatorMount.Asexpected,onlythecolumnwiththeappliedloadwillexperienceadisplacement.Thismaximumdisplacementfeltbythecolumn(representedbythelightgreencolour)is0.0258mm..............................................................................................................................42Figure17:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadwasappliedandwhichsurfacewasfixed......................................................................................................................................................42Figure18:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheWheelMount.Asexpected,wheretheplateandshaftmeet,wastheareathathadthemostdisplacement.Themaximumdisplacementfeltbytheshaft(representedbythelightyellow)is0.0696mm.............................................................................................................................43Figure19:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadswereappliedwithinthecollarandthebottomfaceoftheplatewhichwasfixed.....................................................................43Figure20:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheBasePlatewhichsupportstheFrame.Asexpected,wherethecollarandplatemeet,experiencedthelargestdisplacement.Thismaximumdisplacementfeltbythecollaredge(representedbythelightyellowcolour)is0.0017mm.............................................................................................44Figure21:Anillustrationthatshowswhatareawasfixed.Theloadwasappliedtothebackofthepanel..............................................................................................................................44Figure22:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisonaPanel.Applyingaloadof1000Ndidnotfracturethepanel.Themaximumdisplacementforthepanelis3.15mm........................................................................................................................................................45Figure23:Inthisfigure,theinterfacediagramfortheelectronicssystemwithinthesystemcanbeseen..................................................................................................................................48Figure24:ThisfigureshowsthetentativeAndroidAppinterfacethatwillbeused..........................................................................................................................................................................50
P a g e 7
Figure24:E-DrawingoftheSauceBot............................................................................................54Figure36:SolenoidDrawing..............................................................................................................61Figure37:FiringMotorsDrawing....................................................................................................61Figure38:LinearActuatorDrawing...............................................................................................62
P a g e 8
ListofTablesTable1:PughMatrix-FeedingSystem...........................................................................................15Table2:PughMatrix-Motor................................................................................................................16Table3:PughMatrix-Electronics.....................................................................................................17Table4:PughMatrix-PowerSource................................................................................................18Table5:PughMatrix-FiringSystem................................................................................................19Table6:Knownvaluesofoursystem,tocalculatevaluesfoundinthetablethatfollows..........................................................................................................................................................20Table7:Therequiredmotortorquetoensurethehockeypuckisproperlyfired.....20Table8:Constantvaluesrequiredforconveyorsystemcalculations..............................21Table9:Valuescalculatedfortheconveyorsystem.Themostsignificantvalueisthetorquerequiredfromourmotortoensureproperrotationoftheconveyor.Thepuckvelocity(vp)wasdeterminedbywantingtofireapuckeveryfiveseconds,thensimplydividingthetimebythelengthoftheconveyor(8”)................................................21Table10:InertiaofoursystemfoundfromSolidWorks........................................................22Table11:Tabulatedvaluesfoundfromcalculationsbelowtoensuretheproperselectionandpositioningoftheelectricallinearactuator....................................................23Table12:MaterialandApproximateMassPropertiesthataresubjectedtochangeifneedbeforthefinaldesign.................................................................................................................27Table13:Thistabledisplayspatentsthatwerediscoveredrelatedtoourdesign....30Table14:WebsiteCitations................................................................................................................31Table15:Pricesforthebulkpurchaseofcomponents...........................................................51Table16:Pricesforthebulkpurchaseofmanufacturedmaterials..................................52Table17:Costofhourlywagesforworkerstoassembleunits...........................................53Table18:Overallprofitfromthesaleof1000Saucebotunits............................................53Table19:BillofMaterials-FabricatedMaterialPortion.......................................................64Table20:BillofMaterials–ComponentPurchasingPortion..............................................65Table21:TotalCostofConceptualDesign...................................................................................66
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 9
1. DesignOverview
TheSauceBot is anautomatedmachine that allows forhockeypuckpasses
without the assistances of a coach or player. Our design has multiple different
subsystemstoensurethepassisaccurateandsafe.Inthenextfewsections,wewill
giveadetaileddescriptionofhoweachsubsystemworks.
1.1HopperSystem
The hopper system (see Figure 9) was a subsystem introduced into our
design to further assist players and coaches. It reduces the time required for
coaches and player to load the machine because hockey pucks can simply be
dumpedintothehopperandwiththehelpofbrushesandasmall12Volt-DCmotor
spinningatapproximately30RPM,thepuckswillbepushedintotheopeningwhere
theywillfalldowntheramp.Thehopperhastwocomponents,whicharetheinner
hopper and outer hopper. The inner hopper is made of plastic or sheet metal,
rotates,andhasmanydifferentbrushestoaidwiththemovementofthepucks.The
outerhopperisstationary,madeofsteelandactsasasupporttoensurethepucks
sitverticallyatthebottomofthehoppersubsystem.
1.2Ramp Therampisaveryimportantcomponentofthedesignasittakesthepucks
inaverticalpositionfromthebaseofthehopperandbringsthemtothebaseofthe
ramp where they will sit and wait for the solenoid to punch them flat onto the
conveyorsystem.Thematerialoftherampistobeplasticorsteel,whichwebelieve
tobeagreatmaterialinallowingthehockeypuckstoslidefreely.
1.3Conveyor
Theconveyor’sresponsibilityistotakethehockeypuckfromthebaseofthe
ramp to the firingwheels found at the front of the design. This conveyor is best
illustratedinFigure2andwillbedirectlymountedtoa12Volt-DCmotorspinningat
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 10approximately 300RPM. The frame and rollers are made of steel and the belt is
madeofrubber.
1.4FiringSystem This subsystem is themost important aspectof theentiredesign. It allows
for the shooting of the hockey puck, which is the main purpose/objective of the
design.Oncethepuckhasbeenbroughttothesewheelsbytheconveyor,thepuck
willbeacceleratedthroughthesmallgapbetweenthewheels,resultinginthepass.
1.5RotatingSystem
The rotating system is one of our designs most unique subsystems, as no
similarexistingproductshavethisaspect.Togetavisualunderstandingofhowthe
rotating system functionswith thehelpof anelectrical linearactuator, seeFigure
32.Oneendofthelinearactuatorwillbefixedtothebaseplatewhiletheextending
andretractingportionwillbefixedtothebaseoftheframe.Astheactuatorextends
andretracts,itwillallowtheentiresystemfoundwithintheframetorotateatotal
spanof90degrees.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 11
2. ConceptDevelopment
Duringthelastfewmonths,ourgrouphasmeteveryWednesdaytodiscuss
designideas,issuesthathaverisen,anddetailedplansonwhateverygroupmember
wasrequiredtocompleteforthefollowingweek.Ontop,Dr.Timuskhadgivenus
weeklyassignmentstoensureasagroupwestudiedallthepossiblesolutions,and
then displayed our reasoning behind why we chose our final concept. All the
assignmentsareclearlydefinedorillustratedinthesubsectionsbelow.
2.1ProblemStatement
AsCanadians,manyofusare familiarwith theexpenses that surround the
gameofHockey.Foryears,teamsandorganizationshavespentcountlessdollarson
the training of players and goalies through coaching, exercises and costly
equipment. This has led our group to develop a cheaper alternative to multiple
formsof training.Ourproductwill offer the consumeranall-in-oneexperience to
fosterskillsinmanyareasofthesport.
Parentsorplayerswilloftenspendoveronehundred(100)dollarsperhour,
for an on-ice skills session. Themajority of the time an instructor or coachwill
simplyspendtimepassingandshootingthepuck,ratherthanfocusingontheskill
developmentoftheplayer.Avastproblemthatexistswithcurrentproductsisthe
cost associated. These prices range anywhere from $1300-$1500, another very
pricypurchasethatparentswillneedtoundertake.Theprototypewecreatewillbe
an automated passingmachine that will allow for a greater focus on player skill
cultivation. The device will also provide the opportunity for an individual to
developskillsindependently.
Intoday’shockeymarket,thereareveryfewpuck-passingmachines,noneof
which are capable of projecting the puck at various angles. Furthermore they are
unable to utilizemobile devices for the operation. The devices that do exist are
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 12quitebasic;astheyonlypassinonedirection,operateusingatimer,andrelyonan
electricaloutletconnection.
2.2FunctionalRequirements
1. SizeandWeight:Thesuitablesizeandweightofourproductshouldallow
foreasymaneuverabilityandtransportation.Themaingoalistoensurethat
either two parents or two players are capable of lifting the product into a
vehicle.Thematerialusedtoconstructourproductwillbevitaltomeetthese
sizesandweightconstraints.
2. SystemControl:Thesystemcontrolshouldbeveryuserfriendly,whichwill
allow younger players to use the product without the help of an adult.
Operationsmaybecontrolledwiththeuseofahandheldwirelessdevice,as
wellasswitchesandcontrolsonacontrolpanel.
3. Cost:With a complex design, we will ensure the minimization of cost. A
reasonably priced product is vital as it will be competitive with existing
devicesinthemarketplaceandappealingtotheconsumer.
4. Speed and Capabilities: Speeds will vary so that both young and highly
skilledplayerscanusetheproduct.Theoptionofdeliveringdifferenttypesof
passeswillenhance theuserexperience.Furthermore theability topassat
various angles can increase the consumers’ interest in the product. The
productwillbeconsideredmaneuverable,withtheeliminationoftheuseof
anelectricoutletandutilizingabattery.
5. Care and Maintenance: The devicewill need to be charged on a per use
basisasitwillberelyingonbatterypower,insteadofusingelectricityfrom
an electrical outlet. The design will allow for easy access to the internal
components,ifmaintenanceisrequired.
6. Loading:Loadingpucksintothedeviceshouldbeaneffortlessprocess.The
capacity shouldbe largeenoughsuch that itdoesn’thave tobe refilled too
often.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 13
2.3ProductConstraints SizeandWeight:
● Abletoeasilyliftbytwoadults.● Easilyfitintoanylargevehicle.● Allowanyonetoeasilymovearoundtheice.● Mustfitthroughthedoortotheicesurface.
Power:
● Willnotrunwiththeuseofanelectricaloutlet.● Onlyhaveacertainavailabilityofpowerwiththeuseofabattery.● Withalimitedamountofpower,ourmachinewillnothavethecapabilitiesto
shootapuckathighspeeds(100mph).Wewillconstrainourproductasapassingmachine(0mph–45mph).
TypesofPasses:
● Passwithoutfluttering(stable).● Abletopassthepuckatvariouslocationsovera90-degreespan.● Passatvariablespeedstoaccommodatevariousskill-leveledplayers.
Cost:● Manufacturingcostlessthan$1000
OperatingConditions:● Operateintemperaturerangesfrom-20°Cto+30°C.● Operateswhenpucksarewet.
LoadingConditions:● Enoughpuckstoensuretheplayer/coacharen’tconstantlyreloadingpucks
(minimum20hockeypucks).● Efficientloading,whereplayer/coachdonothavetoplaceorstackpucks.
Theideaofeasilydumpingpucksintoacontainertosavetime.
Stability:● Abletogriptheice,andnotmovewhenpassing.
Safety:
● Easytostopincaseofmalfunction.● Playersshouldwearproperequipmentwhenusingtheproduct.● Properlywiredandabletooperateinwetconditionstoensurenoelectrical
shock.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 14
2.4PughMatrix The Pugh matrix is a great tool to use during the designing process of a
product.Itclearlyoutlinestheimportanceofeverysubsystemandaddsupthetotal
numberof positives andnegatives. It is very efficient to comparedifferentdesign
ideasduetothenumberingcriteriaandthenselectthemostsuitabledesignforyour
product.
TheSauceBotwasbrokenupintofivesubsystems,whichare:feedingsystem,
motor, electronics, power source, and firing system. Each system was analyzed
individuallyduringtheconstructionofthePughMatrix.Tables1through5illustrate
a PughMatrix for each individual subsystem. In the alternative solutions section,
somealternativedesignsandconsiderationswillbediscussedaswell.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 15
Table1:PughMatrix-FeedingSystem
PughConceptSelectionMatrix
FeedingSystem
Weight
VibratingHo
pper
Singlese
lfloadingtube
Declined
Roller
Multip
lese
lfloadingtube
Rotatin
gHo
pper
SelectionCrite
ria
Performan
ce Speed 2 1 3 3 3 2
PowerUsage 2 -3 3 3 2 -2Accuracy 1 x x x x xNoise 2 -3 3 3 3 2Repeatability 2 1 3 3 3 3
Life
Jamming 3 -2 3 3 3 3Maintenance 3 -2 3 3 2 2TempRange 3 3 3 3 3 3LifeExpectancy 2 2 3 3 3 2Durability 3 3 3 3 3 3Reliability 3 2 3 3 3 2
EaseofU
se Loading 3 3 -3 -3 -3 3
Control 2 3 3 3 3 3
Manoeuvrability3 -1 1 2 -1 3
StartUpTime 1 2 3 3 3 2
Physical
Attributes
Size 3 2 2 -2 1 2Weight 3 -2 3 3 2 -1Safety 2 1 3 3 2 1Manufacturability 3 -2 3 1 2 -3Attractiveness 2 2 -2 2 2 3Cost 3 -2 3 3 2 -3
TOTAL+
25 51 50 46 39TOTAL- -17 -5 -5 -4 -9TOTALSCORE 8 46 45 42 30WEIGHTEDTOTAL+ 61 126 123 108 97WEIGHTEDTOTAL- -45 -13 -15 -12 -25WEIGHTEDSCORE 16 113 108 96 72
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 16
Table2:PughMatrix-Motor
PughConceptSelectionMatrix
Motor
Weight
GearBox(1
Motor)
BeltDrive(1M
otor)
TwoMotors
SelectionCrite
ria
Performan
ce Speed 2 3 2 3
PowerUsage 3 -2 3 1Accuracy 2 x x xNoise 2 -3 3 -1Repeatability 2 x x x
Life
Jamming 3 x x xMaintenance 3 2 2 1TempRange 3 3 -1 2LifeExpectancy 3 3 -2 3Durability 3 3 1 3Reliability 3 3 3 1
EaseofU
se Loading 3 x x x
Control 2 x x 2
Manoeuvrability2 -1 3 1
StartUpTime 1 x x 2
PhysicalAttrib
utes
Size 3 2 3 2Weight 3 -2 3 -1Safety 2 2 3 2Manufacturability 3 -2 2 2Attractiveness 1 x x xCost 3 -3 3 -2
TOTAL+
21 31 25TOTAL- -13 -3 -4TOTALSCORE 8 28 21WEIGHTEDTOTAL+ 58 73 63WEIGHTEDTOTAL- -35 -9 -11WEIGHTEDSCORE 23 64 52
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 17
Table3:PughMatrix-Electronics
PughConceptSelectionMatrix
Electronics
Weight
AndroidAp
p
IPho
neApp
Remote
AppandCo
ntrolPanel
Pane
lOnly
SelectionCrite
ria
Performan
ce Speed 2 X X X X X
PowerUsage 3 x x x 2 2Accuracy 2 x x x x xNoise 2 x x x x xRepeatability 2 x x 2 3 3
Life
Jamming 3 x x x x xMaintenance 3 1 1 -1 -2 -2TempRange 3 1 1 3 3 3LifeExpectancy 3 x x 1 2 2Durability 3 x x -2 2 3Reliability 3 1 1 2 3 3
EaseofU
se Loading 3 x x x x x
Control 2 3 3 3 3 2
Manoeuvrability1 x x x x x
StartUpTime 2 2 2 3 2 3
PhysicalAttrib
utes
Size 1 3 3 3 3 3Weight 3 3 3 3 3 3Safety 3 x x x x xManufacturability 1 -1 -3 -1 1 2Attractiveness 2 3 3 3 3 2Cost 3 0 0 2 -1 -1
TOTAL+
17 17 25 30 31TOTAL- -1 -3 -4 -3 -3TOTALSCORE 16 14 21 27 28WEIGHTEDTOTAL+ 37 37 58 71 76WEIGHTEDTOTAL- -1 -3 -10 -9 -9WEIGHTEDSCORE 36 34 48 62 67
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 18
Table4:PughMatrix-PowerSource
PughConceptSelectionMatrix
PowerSource
Weight
LithiumIon
LeadAcid
ElectricalOutlet
Rechargeable
Non
-Rechargeable
SelectionCrite
ria
Performan
ce Speed 2 3 3 3 -1 3
PowerUsage 3 3 2 3 2 2Accuracy 2 x x x x xNoise 2 3 3 3 3 3Repeatability 2 x x x x x
Life
Jamming 3 x x x x xMaintenance 3 2 -1 2 -2 2TempRange 3 -1 -1 3 -2 -1LifeExpectancy 3 1 -2 3 3 -3Durability 3 3 3 1 -1 3
Reliability3 2 2 3 1 2
EaseofU
se
Loading 3 x x x x xControl 2 x x x x xManoeuvrability 2 2 -1 -2 2 2StartUpTime 1 1 1 2 1 1
PhysicalAttrib
utes
Size 3 1 1 3 1 1Weight 3 2 -1 3 2 0Safety 2 3 1 -3 2 1Manufacturability 3 x x x x xAttractiveness 1 3 -2 3 3 -3Cost 3 -2 2 1 -3 2
TOTAL+
29 18 33 20 22TOTAL- -3 -8 -5 -9 -7TOTALSCORE 26 10 28 11 15WEIGHTEDTOTAL+ 68 45 82 45 55WEIGHTEDTOTAL- -9 -19 -10 -26 -15WEIGHTEDSCORE 59 26 72 19 40
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 19
Table5:PughMatrix-FiringSystem
PughConceptSelectionMatrix
FiringSystem
Weight
Rubb
erW
heels
ParallelBelts
ActuatorPun
ch
MechanicalA
rm
SlingShot
SelectionCrite
ria
Performan
ce Speed 2 2 3 1 -1 2
PowerUsage 3 2 1 3 3 3Accuracy 2 1 3 2 -1 3Noise 2 3 3 -3 1 1Repeatability 2 1 3 3 3 3
Life
Jamming 3 x x x x xMaintenance 3 2 2 1 3 3TempRange 3 -1 1 3 3 -1LifeExpectancy 3 2 2 3 3 -2Durability 3 3 1 2 2 -1Reliability 3 2 2 2 2 2
EaseofU
se
Loading 3 x x x x xControl 2 -2 3 3 3 2Maneuverability 2 3 -2 -1 -1 2StartUpTime 1 1 3 3 -1 -2
Physical
Attributes
Size 3 3 -1 -1 -3 1Weight 3 1 2 2 2 3Safety 2 2 2 1 -1 2Manufacturability 3 3 -1 0 2 2Attractiveness 1 2 2 1 -3 2Cost 3 3 2 -2 1 2
TOTAL+
36 35 30 28 33 TOTAL- -3 -4 -7 -11 -6 TOTALSCORE 33 31 23 17 27 WEIGHTEDTOTAL+ 90 75 72 77 80 WEIGHTEDTOTAL- -7 -10 -17 -21 -16 WEIGHTEDSCORE 83 65 55 56 54
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 20
3. Calculations
1. FiringSystemCalculations:
𝐼! x 𝑤!"#$%"! = (0.5) x (𝑚!"#$) x (𝑣!!)+ (𝐼!) x (𝑤!"#$%! )Table6:Knownvaluesofoursystem,tocalculatevaluesfoundinthetablethatfollows.
DrivenValueforSystemDesignVariable Symbol Value Unit DrivenValue DrivenUnitPuckMass mp 0.170097 kg 6 Ounces
PuckVelocity vp 35.7632 m/s 80 MPHWheelRadius rw 0.1143 Meter 4.5 InchesWheelMass mw 4.53592 kg 10 LbWheelInertia Iw 0.05925948 kg*m^2 N/A N/A
WheelRotarySpeed w 312.888889 Rad/s 2987.868798 RPM
Table7:Therequiredmotortorquetoensurethehockeypuckisproperlyfired.
UsingConservationofEnergyandFBDtoFindBelowVariable Symbol Value Unit
SpeedofRotorsAfterFiring wafter 309.941675 rad/sTimetoShootAgain ts 5 Seconds
Delta_w Delta_w 2.94721377 rad/sAngularAccelerationRequiredtoRe-fire w_doubledot 0.58944275 rad/s^2
MotorTorqueRequired Tm0.03493007 Nm4.94609819 Oz-In
Figure1:FreeBodyDiagram(FBD)ofthefiringsystem.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 21
2. ConveyorSystemCalculations:
Table8:Constantvaluesrequiredforconveyorsystemcalculations.
ConstantsVariable Symbol Value Unit DrivenValue DrivenUnit
RotorDiameter D 0.015875 m 0.625 inRotorMass mR 0.1 kg N/A N/ABeltMass mb 0.042516236 kg N/A N/ALoadMass mL 0.170097 kg N/A N/A
FactorofSafety K 2 N/A N/A N/AConveyorLength Lb 0.2032 m 8 inTimetoShoot Tshoot 0.5 S N/A N/A
Start-uptimeofconveyor Tstart 5 s N/A N/ASlopeofConveyor(usingunitcircle) alpha 0 deg N/A N/ANumberofPulleysinConveyor N 3 N/A N/A N/ATable9:Valuescalculatedfortheconveyorsystem.Themostsignificantvalueisthetorquerequiredfromourmotortoensureproperrotationoftheconveyor.Thepuckvelocity(vp)wasdeterminedbywantingtofirea
puckeveryfiveseconds,thensimplydividingthetimebythelengthoftheconveyor(8”).
ConveyorSystemMotorCalculationsBasedonConveyorDesignVariable Symbol Value Unit DrivenValue DrivenUnit
RotorSpeed w 25.6 rad/s 244.461993 RPMPuckVelocity Vp 0.4064 m/s N/A in/sLoadInertia JL 1.07168E-05 kg*m^2 N/A N/APullyInertia Jp 9.45059E-06 kg*m^2 N/A N/ABeltInertia Jb 2.67869E-06 kg*m^2 N/A N/ATotalInertia JT 2.28461E-05 kg*m^2 N/A N/A
Tstart Ts 0.000116972 N*m N/A N/ATload Tl 0.015582261 N*m N/A N/ATtotal Tt 0.015699233 N*m N/A N/ATmotor Tm 0.031398466 N*m 4.44639737 Oz-in
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 22
Figure2:Samplecalculationsoftheconveyorsystem.
3. LinearActuatorSelection:
Table10:InertiaofoursystemfoundfromSolidWorks
ReferencedFrom:AssemblyDim.AndStepperMotorCalc.SheetsVariable Symbol Value Unit
AssemblyInertia Ja 258416 oz-in^2BearingFrictionTorque Tf 3.1005 oz-in
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 23Table11:Tabulatedvaluesfoundfromcalculationsbelowtoensuretheproperselectionandpositioningofthe
electricallinearactuator.
Variable Symbol Value UnitMountingRadiusToArm Rm 2 in
MountingAngle Bi 70 degMountingAngle Bi 1.22173048 rad
PrincessAuto:500lbVariable Symbol Value Unit
ActuatorForce Fa 500 lb
ActuatorForce Fa 8000 oz
StrokeLength S 6 in
ActuatorRetractedLength La 12 in
ActuatorExtendedLength Le 18 in
StrokeSpeed Vs 0.5 in/sPositioningCalculations
X1(FromDrawing) x1 1.41421356 in
X2(FromDrawing) x2 4.10424172 in
Y1(FromDrawing) y1 1.41421356 in
Y2(FromDrawing) y2 11.2763114 inFinalMountingAngle Bf 58.4168269 deg
X-Placement x 5.51845528 inY-Placement y -9.8620979 in
UsingFBDistheActuatorAcceptableRequiredStrokeLength
(90deg) Sr 1.2369604 in
AngularAccelerationOfAssembly theta_dd_a 0.0581697 rad/s^2
AngularVel.AfterTimeT theta_d_a 0.25 rad/sAngularVel.AfterTimeT theta_d_a 14.3239449 deg/sTimeToReachOperation
Speed T 4.29777008 s
AngleTraveledDuringAcceleration theta_a 0.53722126 rad
AngleTraveledDuringAcceleration theta_a 30.7805108 deg
TimeToTravel90deg T90 10.5434503 s
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 24
Figure3:FreeBodyDiagram(FBD)oftheelectricallinearactuator.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 25
Figure4:Schematicoftheelectricallinearactuator.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 26
Figure5:Derivationofequationstobeabletoselecttheappropriateelectricallinearactuator.
Figure6:Finaltimeforacomplete90degreeoscillation.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 27
4. MaterialsandMassProperties Belowisatableofeverycomponentofthedesignanditsmassandmaterial
properties. These values andmaterialsmay change from now to the final design,
depending on time constraints, budgeting, and fabrication. The values below are
thosewehavefoundtobestsuitalltherequiredcharacteristicssuchasweightand
overallfunctionalityandaresubjectedtochangeifneedbe.
Table12:MaterialandApproximateMassPropertiesthataresubjectedtochangeifneedbeforthefinaldesign.
Material&ApproximateMassProperties
Part Material Quantity Weight(lbs) TotalWeight(lbs)
CasterWheels Plastic/Steel 2 2.2 4.4
Handle Steel 1 6.4 6.4Base Steel 1 15 15BasePlate Steel 1 2.2 2.2FrameBase
Plate Steel 1 1.4 1.4
LinearActuator 1 5 5
BaseCrosser Steel 2 1.9 2.8Spikes Steel 4 0.1 0.4Handle
Holder Steel 2 0.3 0.6
FrameBasePlate Steel 1 20 20
RotatingShaft Steel 1 0.6 0.6
ActuatorSupport Steel 2 0.4 0.8
BaseBackPlate Steel 1 2.1 2.1
AngleSupports Steel 4 0.1 0.4
Frame Steel 1 64 64
Wheels Rubber-Steel 2 5 10
WheelMountShaft Steel 2 1 2
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 28
FiringBasePlate Plastic 1 1 1
ConveyorRubber Rubber 1 0.2 0.2
ConveyorFrame Steel 1 1.4 1.4
ConveyorShaft Steel 3 0.2 0.6
BatteryPack
NickelMetalHydride
6 1.5 9
InnerHopper Plastic 1 3.3 3.3OuterHopper Steel 1 20 20HopperRamp Plastic 1 1.1 1.1Solenoid Steel 1 1 1Conveyor
Motor Steel 1 1 1
HopperMotor Steel 1 1 1
FiringMotor 2 3 6SidePanel Plexiglass 2 10 20Front-Back
Panel Plexiglass 2 12 24
TopPanel Plexiglass 1 3.4 3.4
TOTALWEIGHT= 231.1 lbs
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 29
5. ResearchFindings
While deciding upon a design many different options were analyzed and
discussedasagroup.Itwasnecessarytoinvestigatefurtherintopossibledeignsto
seewhat technologiesandormethodsalreadyexisted, andwhetherornot touse
thesepre-existingdesigns.
It was interesting to find that one group of engineering students from
DalhousieUniversitycompletedadesignprojectwithsomeaspectssimilartoours.
Theydesignedapuck-passingmachinethatrequiredtheusertoloadpucksbyhand
and could only fire a puck in one direction without the user having tomanually
changethedirectionthepasserwasfacing.Inadditiontothistheuserinterfacewas
only integrated into themachine,whichmeant ifaplayerpracticingwould like to
modify any of the system settings they would have to walk to the machine and
changeit.Afterseeingthis,ourgroupagreedthathavingeitherawirelesscontroller
orasmartphoneapptocontrolthedevicewouldbeideal.
Fromconducting further research,wewere able to find a companynamed
Pucco, located in Sweden. This company has developed several models of puck
shooterswith commendable characteristics. Therewas amodel of theirmachine
thatincludedanappcontrol,howeverthisappwasnotwireless.Highspeedscould
alsobereached.Thedownfall tothismachinewastheimmensesizeof1.3meters
longandweightofapproximately500+pounds.Thecostofthismachinewasvery
highaswell:over$5000CAD.
The Puck Passer Pro was another machine used for a similar task as the
Saucebot. This apparatus was smaller and lighter than the Pucco, however the
loadingandpowersourcesweresubstandard.Althoughitwasabletoshootpucks
atupto40milesperhourandat incrementsas lowas2seconds, itrequiredwall
power,aswellasmanualloadingofonlyupto18pucks.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 30
Wewantedourmachinetobeaseasytouseaspossiblefortheusertoprep
andloadsotherewasminimaltimelosttofillingthehopperwithpucksandsetup.
Alldesignswesawrequiredtheusertomanuallystackpucksinsomesortofhopper
system,whichconsumespracticetimefortheplayers.Thisledustodesignahopper
that allows the user to simply dump a bucket of pucks into and continue on
practicing. For this design it was necessary to research some automated sorting
machines like separators and vibratory sorters to give us a better idea of any
technologies we could use. Although the research was inconclusive as to a final
designtouseforourproductassortingwaferorpuckshapedobjectsisn’tcommon,
it sparked many new ideas within the group. With all previous aspects of
developmentoutlinedthroughtheearliersectionsofthisreport,thegroupwasable
to come up with a relatively compact sorting system that could be used in our
application.
Whendesigningourfiringsystemwecameupwithmultiplepossibilities.We
hadquickly scrappedmany of the initial ideas, as theywould not allow for quick
enough firing intervals. Using our knowledge of dynamics we calculated that the
mostenergyefficientwaytolaunchpucksatsuchanintervalwouldtoutilizeheavy
rotatingwheelsthatwouldallowustouseangularmomentumandkineticenergyto
ourbenefit.
Although multiple patent searches through federal and international
databaseswereconducted,therewereveryfewrelevantresultsfound.Someofthe
pertinentpatentsdiscoveredareshowninTable13below.
Table13:Thistabledisplayspatentsthatwerediscoveredrelatedtoourdesign.
PatentNameandNumber Inventor PublicationDate“Athletic training device,”
US5160138 AT. E. Sanders 03-Nov-1992
“Hockey practice device for
propelling pucks,” US3665910 AB. Orlando 30-May-1972
, “Hockey shooting training
device,” US7905800 B2D. Oneschuk 15-Mar-2011
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 31“Hockey puck practice shooting
apparatus,” US3794318 AH. L. 26-Feb-1974
“Apparatus for projecting hockey
pucks,” US3876201 AK. G. Allan 08-Apr-1975
Someofthekeywordsthatwereusedforvarioussearchesofinformationare
inthelistasfollows:
• Projectingpuck(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Puckshooting(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Hockeyshooting(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Hockeytraining(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Puckpropelling(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Shooting(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Puck(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Hockeypuck(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Automatedpuck(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
• Automatedshooting(device/machine/apparatus/passer)
Table14:WebsiteCitations
ResearchComponent
Website/Article
HockeyPuckPasserDeignTeam3
http://poisson.me.dal.ca/~dp_09_03/WINTER%20REPORT.pdf
PuckPasserPro http://www.puckpasserpro.com/VibratorySortingMachines
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjrFkjwRhmohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgoi8d-X8oUhttp://www.vibromatic.net/vibratoryfeederbowls2_1.html
ConveyorSystems
http://www.conveyorscience.com/file:///Users/nicholasjakelski/Downloads/bodine_sizing_gearmotors_for_conveyor_apps.pdfhttp://www.cnc.info.pl//files/tecmtrsiz_155.pdf
PuccoPuckShooter
http://www.paramecanic.se/default.asp?str=106&link=PUCCO%2090
PuckPasserPro http://www.puckpasserpro.com/products/
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 32
6. PreliminaryTestingandAlternativeSolutions Since the beginning of September we have discussed several alternative
solutions to theonewehave finalized inour conceptproposal.The figuresbelow
are quick sketches of these different ideas. For the firing system we considered
multiple systems (see Figure 7) including a belt driven system, a linear actuator
punch, and a sling shot design.Aftermanydiscussions,wewere able to conclude
thatthewheeldrivensystemwasourbestoptionduetoitsreliabilityandefficiency.
Figure7:Differentoptionsthatwereconsideredforthefiringsubsystem.
Many different hopper designs were taken into consideration during
discussionsofourdesign.Wewantedtobedifferentfromanyotherproductfound
on themarket. Other considerations included a single/multiple tube loader and a
vibratinghopper(seeFigure8).Wedecidedthesingle/multipletubeloaderwasnot
thedesignforus,becauseplayersorcoacheswouldneedtomanuallyplaceandload
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 33pucks,wastingalotoftime.Thevibratinghopperdesignwashighlyconsideredasa
viableoption,untilwere-createdacardboardmodelandtriedtotest it.Fromour
tests we were able to determine that jamming occurred quite easily and adding
vibrationtothesystemwouldmakeitloudandpossiblydamageothercomponents.
Figure8:Thesingle/multipletubeloadinghopperandthevibratinghopperdesign.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 34
Figure9:Therotatingarmhopperdesign.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 35
6.1 FiringSystemPhase1:
Figure10:Thisfiguredisplaysthemainconceptofourinitialpuckshootingtests.
Thiswasoneoftheveryfirstconceptsthoughtof,whichlaterdevelopedinto
the final firing mechanism system chosen. This system simply utilized pucks
attachedtometalrodstoacceleratethepuckthatwouldbefired.Theframeoftest
unitwassimplyconstructedoutofwood,asscrapwoodwasreadilyavailableinthe
machine shop. With testing we found that the use of hard rubber wheels was
unfeasible, as thepucksdidnotgripwell enoughevenwhenanabrasivematerial
such as sandpaperwas added to the outer edge.Also, the diameters of the pucks
weremuchtoosmalltoreachpassingspeeds.Withmotorspeedsofapproximately
2000 rpm, initial testing resulted in a puck velocity of 1m/s. This completely
eliminated theuseofhard rubberwheels forour firing systemas they lacked the
abilitytoefficientlyacceleratethepuck.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 36
Theresultsoftheseoriginaltestsledustobelievethatalargerdiameterand
soft firing wheel would be much more efficient at accelerating the puck when
comparedtothesmalldiameterhardrubberpuck.Thesofterfiringwheelscouldbe
placedincloserproximity,leadingtoamuchbettergripofthepuck,whilethelarger
diameterwould result inahighervelocitywhencompared toa smallerdiameter-
firingwheelwhenrotatingatthesameangularvelocity.
Phase2:
Figure11:Aviewfromtheshootingpositionofthefinalizedpuckshooterdesign.
Theseconditerationofourtestfiringsystemworkedonthesameprinciple
asPhase1testingbutthesmallhardpuckswerereplacedwithpneumatictiresthat
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 37had a diameter of 8 inches. Thewheelswere attached to rods using handcrafted
plates. The plates were welded onto the drive shafts and in turn were spun by
motors (in our testing drillswere used as electricmotors).With the use of these
largepneumatictiresandmotorspeedsof2000rpmand1000rpmpuckvelocitiesof
approximately12m/sor25mphwerereached.Thepucktraveledalongastraight
path even though uneven motor speeds were utilized. From our motor speed
calculationsandinitialresultswewereabletoconcludethatmotorspeedsof4500
rpmorgreaterwererequiredtoreachthedesiredmaxvelocityof50mphincluding
afactorofsafety.
These initial testing of the firing system allowed us to comfortably decide
uponourfinaldesignbyrulingoutthefirstsystemandgivingusinsightastowhat
wouldwork. Thephase1 testingmade it apparent that a largediameter and soft
wheelwould bemore suitable for firing the puckswhen compared to hard small
diameterwheels.Thephase2testingshowedusthatthefiringsystemwouldwork
andallowedustoorder/purchasecomponentsthatwewerepreviouslyunsureofas
theyaccountedforalargepercentageofthefinalbudget.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 38
6.2HopperSystemPhase1:
Figure12:Firstconceptofapuckhopper.
The first concepts that we developed when thinking of simple loading
hoppers, which allowed for large numbers of pucks to be loaded without
placing/stacking pucks,were simple rectangular hoppers (example above). These
hoppers would be vibrated to allow for pucks to easily exit the hopper. These
systemswereconstructedoutofcardboardtotestforjammingandotherproblems
thatmayoccur.Whenwetestedthesehoppersjammingoccurredonaregularbasis,
andbothprovedtobenoisy.Forthesereasonswewereabletoruleoutrectangular
vibratedhoppers,as theywereunreliable,often jammingandwouldbeextremely
noisywhenconstructedofmetal.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 39Phase2:
Figure13:Tentativefinalhopperdesign.
Figure14:Topviewoffinalhopperdesigntesting.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 40
After discussion and several other hopper ideas our group conceived a
potentialhoppersystemthathadlowchancesofjammingandwouldallowforlarge
numbers of pucks to be loaded without placement. This system has a stationary
outsidewitharotatingmiddlesection.Thepucksexitthroughthecutoutslotinthe
stationary exterior. To determine the validity of this design a simple model,
constructedofsheetmetal,wascreated,whichprovedtoworkextremelywell.The
motor used in our testing rotated at too high of a rate (100-200rpm) and the
constructionofthemodelwasnotveryprecise.Evenwiththeseproblemsthemodel
provedthatthedesignwouldfunctionaswehoped.(Theaboveimagesareofonly
aprototypeofourfinaldesign,averyroughrepresentation)
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 41
7. FiniteElementAnalysis(FEA)
Webelieved that anFEAof certain componentswas required to avoid any
possible failure thatmayoccurduringoperation.The figuresbeloware theFEA’s
thatwereperformedoncomponents, thatwe thoughthad the largest tendency to
fail.Thefiniteelementanalysiswasabletoreassurewhatwehadalreadybelieved,
thatbeing;ourdesignwasproperlyconstructedtoavoidfailure.
7.1LinearActuatorMount
The firstcomponentwedidanFEAonwasthe linearactuatormount.Thetop
surfacewasfixedandtheload(100lbs.)wasappliedtothebackcolumn,wherethe
actuator is to be mounted. This load is an extreme worst-case scenario and still
provedtosupplyagoodfactorofsafety.
Figure15:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadwasappliedandwhichsurfacewasfixed.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 42
Figure16:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheLinearActuatorMount.Asexpected,onlythecolumn
withtheappliedloadwillexperienceadisplacement.Thismaximumdisplacementfeltbythecolumn(representedbythelightgreencolour)is0.0258mm.
7.2WheelMount
ThenextcomponentweperformedanFEAonwasthetwowheelmounts.
Thesecomponentswerefixedattheboltholes,andtwoloads(1000N)wereapplied
ontheupperandlowerpartsoftheshaft(seeFigure17).Again,theloadsapplied
wereextremelygenerouscomparedtotheloadstheywouldactuallyfeelfromthe
puckpassingbetweenthewheels.
Figure17:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadwasappliedandwhichsurfacewasfixed.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 43
Figure18:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheWheelMount.Asexpected,wheretheplateandshaftmeet,wastheareathathadthemostdisplacement.Themaximumdisplacementfeltbytheshaft(represented
bythelightyellow)is0.0696mm.
7.3BasePlateSupport
Our base plate which supports the entire frame was one of the most
important components to perform an FEA, to ensure that it was capable of
supportingtheentiredesign.Weappliedtwoloads(2000Neach)withinthecollar
andalsofixedthebottomoftheplate.
Figure19:Anillustrationthatshowswheretheloadswereappliedwithinthecollarandthebottomfaceofthe
platewhichwasfixed.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 44
Figure20:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisontheBasePlatewhichsupportstheFrame.Asexpected,wherethecollarandplatemeet,experiencedthelargestdisplacement.Thismaximumdisplacementfeltbythe
collaredge(representedbythelightyellowcolour)is0.0017mm
7.4SidePanel
AquickFEAofourpanelswasdonetoseewhatwouldhappenifaplayer
accidentallyhititwithapuck.Thegreenarrowsrepresentthefixedareaofthe
panelandtheappliedload(1000N)isfoundontheback.
Figure21:Anillustrationthatshowswhatareawasfixed.Theloadwasappliedtothebackofthepanel.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 45
Figure22:ADisplacementFiniteElementAnalysisonaPanel.Applyingaloadof1000Ndidnotfracturethe
panel.Themaximumdisplacementforthepanelis3.15mm.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 46
8. ShootingPseudocodeArduinoPseudocodevoidon(){ turnonmotors; poweractuator/solenoid; voidloop{ setspeedstovaluedeterminedbypotentiometer(orapp); }}voidoff(){ turnoffmotors/actuator/solenoid;}voidstraight(){ voidloop(){serialstringtoextend/retractsolenoid(punch);delayfor5-10seconds;if(Serial1.read()=1){break;}}}voidoscillate(){ setangleto0°(allthewayleft)viaserialstringsenttoactuator; counter=0;voidloop(){ for(i=0;i<4;i++){serialstringtoextend/retractsolenoid(punch);incrementcounter;delayfor5-10seconds;if(counter=0){setangle0°};if(counter=1){setangle22.5°};if(counter=2){setangle45°};if(counter=3){setangle67.5°};if(Serial1.read()=1){break;}if(counter=4){setangle90°for(i=4;i>0;i--){ serialstringtoextend/retractsolenoid(punch); decrementcounter; delayfor5-10secondsif(counter=3){setangle67.5°};if(counter=2){setangle45°};if(counter=1){setangle22.5°};
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 47if(counter=0){setangle0°};if(Serial1.read()=1){break;} }} }Codeapplicableonlywithappvoidpass(){ serialstringtoextend/retractsolenoid(punch);}voidangle(){ setangleto1of5presetvaluesusingslideronapp; voidloop(){Serial.read(); ifserial0=0°;ifserial1=22.5°;etc}voidspeed(){ setmotorspeedstopwmvalueselectedonsliderbysendingserialcodetoArduino}voidstop(){sendserialcodewhichbreaksallloops;} AppCodeGUIinterfacewithbuttonsandslidersOn/offbuttonsendsserialcodetotogglepoweronoroffPassbuttonsendsserialcodetosolenoidtopunchapuckontoconveyorTwobuttonstorunpreloadedcodesforconstantstraightpassingoroscillatorypassingStopbuttontobreakloopofpreloadedcodesAngleslidertoadjustangleofthemachinetooneoffivepresetsSpeedslidertoadjustspeedofmotorsviapwm
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 48
9. ElectronicInterfaceDiagram
Figure23:Inthisfigure,theinterfacediagramfortheelectronicssystemwithinthesystemcanbeseen.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 49
10.UserControl
10.1HowtheUserInterfaceswiththeSaucebot
Thecontrolpanelwillconsistof3buttons,anon/offswitchanda
potentiometerdial.OnebuttonwillinitiatetheArduinocodetohavetheSaucebot
repeatedlypasspucksinastraightlineuntilstopped.Thesecondbuttonwillinitiate
thecodefortheSaucebottooperateinanoscillatorymanner,turning22.5°after
everypuckispassed.Thethirdbuttonwillbreakallloopsinthecodetostopeither
ofthetwoprevioussettings.Theon/offswitchwillcontrolpowertothemotors.
Lastlythepotentiometerdialwillbeusedtoregulatethespeedatwhichthetwo
pucklaunchingmotorsoperateat,inturncontrollingthevelocityatwhichpucksare
passedfromthemachine.
10.2AppControls
Theappwillprovidealloftheaforementionedfunctionalitiesthrough
buttonsand/orslidersonaGUIwhichtransmitstherequiredserialsignalstothe
ArduinoviaBluetoothandtheuseofaBluefruitEZ-linkArduinoshield.Inaddition
theappwilladdthecapabilitytolaunchpucksoncommandatthepushofabutton,
aswellassettheangleoftheSaucebottooneofthefivepre-setvalueswiththeuse
ofaslider.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 50
Figure24:ThisfigureshowsthetentativeAndroidAppinterfacethatwillbeused.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 51
11. BulkProductionAnalysis
For this analysis, we assumed that 1000 units of the Saucebot would be
producedforsales.Byresearchingbulkpricesofmaterialsandcomponents,along
withaveragelabourpricesforvariousprofessions,wewereabletocomeupwitha
realisticcostanalysis. ThisanalysiscanbeseenintheTables15to18below,and
demonstrate the viable business opportunity that this product is capable of
providing.Table15:Pricesforthebulkpurchaseofcomponents.
ComponentPurchase Components Quantity Cost
RubberWheels 2000 $10,000.00Panels 1000 $42,546.36
BaseandHandle 1000 $30,948.30
Solenoid 1000 $1,370.00
ConveyorMotor 1000 $4,110.00ConveyorBearings 10000 $2,740.00
TenergySmartUniversalCharger 1000 $4,096.30HopperMotor 1000 $4,110.00
LinearActuator 1000 $24,660.00
BlueFruitEZ-LinkShield 1000 $34,233.53
MotorBracket 4000 $2,740.00ThrustBearingsw/Washers 2000 $274.00ThrustBearingw/Washers 1000 $137.00NeedleRollerBearing 1000 $411.00
BallBearings 2000 $548.00
FiringMotors 2000 $91,543.40
ArduinoCompatibleATmega2560 1000 $1,370.00MotorDriver 1000 $54,745.20VoltageRelay 1000 $5,310.00
Battery 1000 $13,700.00
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 52
Wires 2000 $2,740.00Potentiometer 1000 $137.00
Total $332,470.10
Totalw/Tax: $375,691.21
Table16:Pricesforthebulkpurchaseofmanufacturedmaterials.
MaterialPurchase Component Quantity Cost Size
SquareHollowSteelTubing 4000 $29,713.00 1"x1"x10'
BearingMount&HopperMount 196 $29,619.00 0.25"x48"x96"
FrameBasePlate&WheelPlates 32 $7,928.00 0.25"x48"x96"
BasePlate(SupportFrame) 94 $15,960.00 0.188"x48"x96"
WheelMountShaft 125 $1,150.00 0.625"x8'
Rollers 125 $1,150.00 0.625"x8'
LowerPlate/PuckSlidingPlate/ConveyorFrame 63 $7,520.00 0.12"x48"x96"
OuterHopper 188 $13,690.00 0.12"x48"x96"
InnerHopper 144 $10,512.00 0.125"x48"x96"
BaseShaft 43 $2,072.00 1.25"x8'
BaseSupportShaft 21 $495.00 1.25"x0.12"x8'
HandleSupports 63 $764.00 1.125"x0.0625"x8'
BasePlateAngle 4 $850.00 0.188"x48"x96"
BaseAngleSupport 12 $2,440.00 0.188"x48"x96"
Total: $123,863.00
Totalw/Tax: $139,965.19
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 53
Table17:Costofhourlywagesforworkerstoassembleunits.
Manufacturing Typeof
Labour AvgWage
For1Unit:For1000
Units:
Cost:
ManLabour $15.00 /hr CuttingAllMaterial@5/hr 200 hr $3,000.00
Machinest $19.00 /hr Preparingparts@1/hr 1000 hr $19,000.00
Welder $22.80 /hr WeldingFrame@3/hr 333.33 hr $7,600.00
Assemblerx2 $15.00 /hr AssemblingComponents@2/hr 500 hr $7,500.00Junior
Electrician $22.50 /hr Wiring@2/hr 500 hr $11,250.00
TOTAL: $48,350.00
Table18:Overallprofitfromthesaleof1000Saucebotunits.
GRANDTOTALCOSTFORPRODUCING1000UNITS: $564,006.40
ESTIMATEDSALESREVENUEAT$1200/UNIT $1,200,000.00
TOTALBULKSALESPROFITAFTERTAX=
$635,993.60
$635.99 /UNIT
From the tables above, one can see that the Saucebot has thepotential for
profits,atapricesimilar to,ormuch lower thananyothercomparableunit. This
hasledourgrouptotheconclusionthatwehaveproducedastellarproductwhich
carriesagreatpotential.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 54
AppendixA–EDrawingoftheDesign
Figure25:E-DrawingoftheSauceBot.
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 55
AppendixB–DrawingsofMajorComponents
Figure26:FrameDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 56
Figure28:WheelMountPlateDrawing
Figure27:FiringBaseDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 57
Figure30:ConveyorAssemblyDrawing
Figure29:HopperAssemblyDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 58
Figure32:BatteryAssemblyDrawing
Figure31:BaseAssemblyDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 59
Figure34:ProposalConceptAssemblyDrawing
Figure33:RotatingSubsystemDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 60
Figure36:ConveyorMotorDrawing
Figure35:HopperMotorDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 61
Figure37:SolenoidDrawing
Figure38:FiringMotorsDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 62
Figure39:LinearActuatorDrawing
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 63
AppendixC–WorkBreakdownSchedule(WBS)
PuckPasser
1.0Body
1.1Frame
1.1.1OuterShell
1.1.1.1
CADModel
1.1.1.2
Material
Specifica@ons
1.1.1.3
Fabrica@on
1.1.2Rota@ngCore
1.1.2.1
Calcula@ons
1.1.2.2
CADModel
1.1.2.3
Construct
1.2Targe@ngSystem
1.2.1Eleva@onActuator
1.2.1.1
Calcula@ons
1.2.2Rota@ngCore
1.2.2.1
CADModel
1.2.2.2
Calcula@ons
1.2.2.3
Assemble
2.0FeedingSystem
2.1Hopper
2.1.1ElectricMotor
Selec@on
2.1.1.1
Calcula@ons
2.1.1.2
Mount
Design
2.1.2Design&
Modeling
2.1.2.1
CADModel
2.2Delivery
2.2.1SlopedRam
p
2.2.1.1
CADModel
2.2.2ActuatedGate
2.2.2.1
CADModel
2.2.2.2
ActuatorSelec@on
3.0FiringSystem
3.1ElectricMotor
3.1.1Wheels&
Belt
3.1.1.1
CADModel
3.1.1.2
Calcula@ons
3.1.1.3
Material
Specifica@on
3.1.2Gearbox
3.1.2.1
Calcula@ons
3.1.2.2
CADModel
3.1.2.3
Material
Specifica@on
4.0ElectronicsandPow
er
4.1App
4.1.1AndroidAppDevelopm
ent
4.1.1.1
CodeGUI
4.1.1.2
Implem
enta@on
4.1.2iPhoneApp
Development
4.1.2.1
CodeGUI
4.1.2.2
Implem
enta@on
4.2BaRerySupply
4.2.1ChargingSystem
4.2.1.1
AvailablePow
er
4.2.1.2
ChargeTime
4.2.1.2
UsageTim
e
4.2.2Mount
4.2.2.1
CADModel
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 64
AppendixD–BillofMaterials
Table19:BillofMaterials-FabricatedMaterialPortion.
Component Quantity Cost Material MachiningProcess Size
SquareHollowSteelTubing 4 $55.00 Steel Welding&Cutting 1"x1"x10"
BearingMount&HopperMount
1 $21.31 Steel-ColdRolledPlate
Welding,Drilling,Cutting 2.5"x36"x1/4"
FrameBasePlate&Wheel
Plates1 $26.92 Steel-Cold
RolledPlateWelding,Drilling,
Cutting 12"x12"x1/4"
BasePlate(SupportFrame)
1 $42.85Steel-ColdRolledSheetA1011CQ
Drilling,Welding 24"x18"x0.188"
WheelMountShaft 1 $10.42
Steel-ColdRolledRoundBar1018
Lathe 0.625"x12"
Rollers 1 $10.42Steel-Cold
RolledRoundBar1018
Lathe 0.625"x12"
LowerPlate/PuckSliding
Plate/ConveyorFrame
1 $26.01Steel-Hot
RolledSheetA1011CQ
Lathe&CNC 12"x24"x0.12"
OuterHopper 1 $70.00 Steel-ColdRolledSheet Bending 24"x36"x0.12"
InnerHopper 1 $29.60 Plastic Bending 1/16"x5'x11"
BaseShaft 1 $13.54Steel-Cold
RolledRoundBarC1018
Lathe&CNC 1.25"x4"
BaseSupportShaft 1 $14.84
Steel-ColdRolledRoundBarC1018
Lathe&CNC 2"x1.25"
HandleSupports 1 $12.80
Steel-ColdRolleRoundTubeDOM
Lathe&CNC 1.125"x0.125"
BasePlateAngle 1 $18.39
Steel-HotRolledSheetA1011
Lathe&CNC 5"x18"x0.188"
BaseAngleSupport 1 $24.53
Steel-ColdRolledFlatC1018
Lathe&CNC 0.25"x1"x60"
TOTAL= $376.09
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 65
Table20:BillofMaterials–ComponentPurchasingPortion.
Components Size Supplier Quantity CostperUnit TotalCost
RubberWheels 8"diameter PrincessAuto 2 $24.99 $56.48
Panels 48"x72"x0.075"
MetalSupermarket 1 $81.19 $81.19
BaseandHandle 24"x18" CanadianTire 1 $22.59 $22.59
Solenoid N/A Amazon 1 $15.50 $15.50
ConveyorMotor 2.2"x1.5" Amazon 1 $23.65 $23.65
ConveyorBearings 0.197"x5/8"x.196" Amazon 10 $3.53 $2.39
TenergySmartUniversalCharger
16.5x8.9x4.4cm Amazon 1 $32.76 $32.76
HopperMotor N/A Amazon 1 $9.19 $9.19
LinearActuator 8"stroke eBay 1 $68.48 $68.48
BlueFruitEZ-LinkShield 2.7"x2"x0.2" BC-Robotics 1 $44.69 $44.69
MotorBracket 2.5" Lowes 4 $2.02 $8.09
ThrustBearingsw/Washers 0.5" McMasterCarr 2 $2.91 $5.82
ThrustBearingw/Washers 1.25" McMasterCarr 1 $9.11 $9.11
NeedleRollerBearing 1"x1.25" McMasterCarr 1 $10.98 $10.98
BallBearings 0.5" McMasterCarr 2 $8.64 $17.27
FiringMotors N/A RobotShop 2 $41.49 $82.98
ArduinoCompatibleATmega2560 4"x2.1" eBay 1 $12.40 $12.40
MotorDriver 2.56"x2.02"x0.38" AliExpress 1 $14.19 $14.19
VoltageRelay 8"x5.7"1.2" Amazon 1 $24.86 $24.86
Battery 2.42"x1.3" Ebay 10 $14.24 $142.40
Wires Variouslengths Amazon 1 $3.63 $2.18
Potentiometer 0.59"x0.4"0.87" Amazon 1 $7.89 $7.89
TOTAL= $695.09
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 66
Table21:TotalCostofConceptualDesign.
TotalforFabricatedComponents: $376.63TotalforPurchasedComponents: $695.09GRANDTOTAL: $1071.72
E N G R 4 5 9 5 S a u c e B o t P a g e 67
AppendixE-GanttChart
S8 Nov 15
M T W T F S S15 Nov 15
M T W T F S S22 Nov 15
M T W T F S S29 Nov 15
M T W T F S S6 Dec 15
M T W T F S S13 Dec 15
M T W T F S S20 Dec 15
M T W T F S S27 Dec 15
M T W T F S S3 Jan 16
M T W T F S S10 Jan 16
M T W T F S S17 Jan 16
M T W T F S S24 Jan 16
M T W T F S S31 Jan 16
M T W T F S S7 Feb 16
M T W T F S S14 Feb 16
M T W T F S S21 Feb 16
M T W T F S S28 Feb 16
M T W T F S S6 Mar 16
M T W T F S S13 Mar 16
M T W T F S S20 Mar 16
M T W T F S S27 Mar 16
M T W T1 Body 54 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM2 Frame 54 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM3 Outer Shell 53 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/22/16 5:00 PM4 CAD Model 18 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM5 Material Selection 3 days? 12/7/15 8:00 AM 12/9/15 5:00 PM 46 FEA Analysis 2 days? 12/10/15 8:00 AM 12/11/15 5:00 PM 57 Fabricate 10 days? 1/11/16 8:00 AM 1/22/16 5:00 PM 68 Rotating Core 54 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM9 Calculations 6 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/18/15 5:00 PM
1 0 CAD Model 11.5 days? 11/19/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 1:00 PM 91 1 Motor Selection 3 days? 12/4/15 1:00 PM 12/9/15 1:00 PM 1 01 2 Material Selection 2 days? 12/9/15 1:00 PM 12/11/15 1:00 PM 1 11 3 FEA Analysis 2 days? 12/11/15 1:00 PM 12/15/15 1:00 PM 1 21 4 Manufacturing Pr... 1 day? 12/15/15 1:00 PM 12/16/15 1:00 PM 1 31 5 Fabricate 11 days? 1/11/16 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM 1 41 6 Targetting System 49 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/18/16 5:00 PM1 7 Elevation Actuato... 49 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/18/16 5:00 PM1 8 Actuator Selection 10.125 d... 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/25/15 9:00 AM1 9 CAD Model 7.875 days? 11/25/15 9:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM 1 82 0 FEA Analysis 2 days? 12/7/15 8:00 AM 12/8/15 5:00 PM 1 92 1 Fabricate 6 days? 1/11/16 8:00 AM 1/18/16 5:00 PM 2 02 2 Feeding System 59 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/1/16 5:00 PM2 3 Hopper 54 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM2 4 CAD Model 17.75 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 3:00 PM2 5 Mount Design 2 days? 12/4/15 3:00 PM 12/8/15 3:00 PM 2 42 6 Motor Selection 0 days? 12/8/15 3:00 PM 12/8/15 3:00 PM 2 52 7 Material Selection 2 days? 12/8/15 3:00 PM 12/10/15 3:00 PM 2 62 8 FEA Analysis 1 day? 12/10/15 3:00 PM 12/11/15 3:00 PM 2 72 9 Fabrication 6 days? 1/18/16 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM 2 83 0 Puck Delivery 59 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/1/16 5:00 PM3 1 Feeding Ramp 54 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM3 2 CAD Model 17 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/3/15 5:00 PM3 3 Testing 1 day? 12/4/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM 3 23 4 Material Selection 2 days? 12/7/15 8:00 AM 12/8/15 5:00 PM 3 33 5 FEA Analysis 1 day? 12/9/15 8:00 AM 12/9/15 5:00 PM 3 43 6 Fabrication 6 days? 1/18/16 8:00 AM 1/25/16 5:00 PM 3 53 7 Puck Feeder 59 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/1/16 5:00 PM3 8 Concept Design 1.5 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/12/15 1:00 PM3 9 CAD Model 15.5 days? 11/12/15 1:00 PM 12/3/15 5:00 PM 3 84 0 Actuator Selection 1 day? 12/4/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM 3 94 1 FEA Analysis 1 day? 12/7/15 8:00 AM 12/7/15 5:00 PM 4 04 2 Fabrication 6 days? 1/25/16 8:00 AM 2/1/16 5:00 PM 4 14 3 Firing System 69 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/15/16 5:00 PM4 4 Electric Motor 18 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM4 5 Wheel Selection 1 day? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/11/15 5:00 PM4 6 Calculations 5 days? 11/12/15 8:00 AM 11/18/15 5:00 PM 4 54 7 Excel File/Code 11 days? 11/19/15 8:00 AM 12/3/15 5:00 PM 4 64 8 CAD Model 1 day? 12/4/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM 4 74 9 Fabrication 1 day? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/11/15 5:00 PM5 0 Gearbox 69 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/15/16 5:00 PM5 1 Calculations 1 day? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/11/15 5:00 PM5 2 CAD Model 5 days? 11/12/15 8:00 AM 11/18/15 5:00 PM 5 15 3 FEA Analysis 1 day? 11/19/15 8:00 AM 11/19/15 5:00 PM 5 25 4 Fabrication 11 days? 2/1/16 8:00 AM 2/15/16 5:00 PM 5 35 5 Electronics and Power 80 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 3/1/16 5:00 PM5 6 App Development 80 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 3/1/16 5:00 PM5 7 Pseudo Code 18 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/4/15 5:00 PM5 8 Code GUI 31 days? 1/4/16 8:00 AM 2/15/16 5:00 PM 5 75 9 Implementation 11 days? 2/16/16 8:00 AM 3/1/16 5:00 PM 5 86 0 Electronic Compon... 79 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 2/29/16 5:00 PM6 1 Motor Control 1 day? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/11/15 5:00 PM6 2 Servo Control 1 day? 11/12/15 8:00 AM 11/12/15 5:00 PM 6 16 3 Actuator Control 1 day? 11/13/15 8:00 AM 11/13/15 5:00 PM 6 26 4 Wireless Aspect 1 day? 11/18/15 8:00 AM 11/18/15 5:00 PM 6 36 5 Component Selecti... 5 days? 11/19/15 8:00 AM 11/25/15 5:00 PM 6 46 6 Implementation 11 days? 2/15/16 8:00 AM 2/29/16 5:00 PM 6 56 7 Power Supply 25 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 12/15/15 5:00 PM6 8 Available Power 6 days? 11/11/15 8:00 AM 11/18/15 5:00 PM6 9 Charge Time 1 day? 11/19/15 8:00 AM 11/19/15 5:00 PM 6 87 0 Usage Time 1 day? 11/20/15 8:00 AM 11/20/15 5:00 PM 6 97 1 Battery Mount 15 days? 11/23/15 8:00 AM 12/11/15 5:00 PM 7 07 2 CAD Model 1 day? 12/14/15 8:00 AM 12/14/15 5:00 PM 7 17 3 FEA Analysis 1 day? 12/15/15 8:00 AM 12/15/15 5:00 PM 7 2
Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names
12/8
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