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DesigningYwMakingwandwTestingwSamplewHolderwforwElectronwParamagneticwResonance
NanazShumiya’zJessicazClayton’zMarkzSherwinUCSBzPhysicszDepartment’zInstitutezForzTerahertzzSciencezandzTechnology
ElectronwParamagneticwResonance
Problems
ElectronzparamagneticzresonancezbEPRvziszazspectroscopicztoolztozstudyzmaterialzwithzunpairedzelectronszandziszusedzinzPhysics’zMaterialzScience’zChemistryzandzBiologyxzItzallowsztozobservezvariouszpropertieszofzmaterialszbyzobservingzthezbehaviorzandzlocalzenvironmentzofzelectronsx
Generally’zeachzlight’szfrequencyzcorrespondztozazspecificzexternalzmagneticzfieldzinztermszofzenergyxzEPRzworkszbyzshiningzfixedzfrequencyzEMzradiationzwhilezsweepingzexternalzmagneticzfieldz
zz
However’zEPRzdoesznotzalwayszshowzazreliablezsignalxzAlthoughzEPRzarezexpectedztozdetectzonlyzemittedzlight’zitzalsozhappensztozdetectzthezreflectedzlightzpassingzthroughzthezsample’zandzsomezspuriouszeffectszoccurszbecausezofzthiszlightxzThezdetectedzradiationzacquirezsomezphasezaszitzpasseszthroughzthezsamplezbeforezbeingzmeasuredzbyzthezdetectorxzInzaddition’zlargezvolumezsampleszorzsampleszwithzazhighzconcentrationzofzspinszarezsusceptibleztozrefractivezbroadening’zwhichzcanzartificiallyzchangezthezsignalxzThezgoalzofzthiszsummerzwaszdesigning’zmakingzandztestingznewzsamplezholderzgeometriesztozminimizezthesezeffectsxzz
DesigningwandwMaking
FirstzstepzwaszdesigningznewzsamplezholderzshapeszusingzODzdesigningzsoftware’zSolidWorksxzIzdesignedzazstandardzsamplezholderzshapezandzthreeznewzsamplezholderzshapezaszbelowxz
WithzStandardzShape’zspuriouszeffectszarezcausedzbyzperpendicularlyzreflectedzlightzonzthezflatzbottomxzInzorderztozavoidzthosezreflection’znewzsamplezholderszwerezmadeztozreflectzlightzintozdifferentzdirectionszandzletzdetectorzonlyzreadzemittedzlightxz Oncezthezdesingnigzwaszcompleted’z
samplezholderzwerezmadezfromzteflonzrodzusingzazLathezfollowingzthezdesignzatzUCSBzPhysicszmachinezshopxWithzthezcreatedzsamplezholder’zIztookzmeasurementszwithzEPRzandzcomparedzdatax
TeflonwRod
Lathe
SamplewHolder
Whenzlookingzatzsignalzdata’zthezperformancezwaszjudgedzbasedzonztwozcriteriaxzOneziszhighzamplitudezwithzlowznoise’zandzthezotherzonezisznozdistortionzfromztheoreticalzlineshapexNotezthatzthezdatazmisseszConezUpzShapezbecausezIzwaszunableztozcompletezthezmeasumentzwithzConezUpzShapezdueztozhardwarezproblemsxz
intozsamplezmaterialxzByzdetectingzreflectedzEMzradiationzandzshowingzitzaszazsignal’zEPRzallowsztozobservezthezbehaviorzandzlocalzenvironmentzofzelectronsxz
Withzlowzpowerzlight’zConezDownzShapezgavezthezbestzlineshapezoutzofzthezthreezsamplezholderxzAdditionally’zConezDownzShapezgavezthezhighestzamplitudexzTherefore’zIzconcludedzthatzConezDownzShapezgavezthezbestzsignalzwithzhighzpowerzlightx
NormalizedwSignalwDatawwithwLowwPowerwLight
TheoreticalwSignalwofwwww40mMw4!aminowTEMPOwwithwLowwPower
TheoreticalwSignalwof40mMw4!aminowTEMPOwwithwHighwPower
NormalizedwSignalwDatawwithwHighwPowerwLight
Withzhighzpowerzlight’zConezDownzShapezalsozgavezthezhighestzamplitudexzHowever’zConezDownzShapezcausedzanzunexpectedzbumpzaroundz7xj5zT’zwhichzisznotzgoodzlineshapexzOnzthezcontrary’zSlopezShapezgaveznozdistortionzwithzlitttleznoisexzTherefore’zIzconcludedzthatzSlopezShapezgavezthezbestzlineshapezalthoughzConezDownzShapezgavezthezlargestzsignalxz
Sherwin’swGroup’swEPR
MeasurementzwithzLowzPowerzLightzzzzzzzzzz→HighzAmplitude1zConezDownzShapezzzzzzzzzz→BestzLinezshape1zConezDownzShape
MeasurementzwithzHighzPowerzLightzzzzzzzzzz→HighzAmplitude1zConezDownzShapezzzzzzzzzz→BestzLinezshape1zSlopezShape
3xzCompletezthezmeasurementzofzConezUpzShape
WxzFurtherzAnalysiszonzthezmeasumentzresult
OxzUsezODzprinterzforzprecisezcontrolzofzshape
Acknowledment
JessicazClaytonAlisazLeavesleyBlakezWilsonz
ContactzInformation1zNanazShumiyazzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzznshumiya@gmailxcom
Conclusion
LowwPowerwSignal HighwPowerwSignal
Data
FuturewWorks
ThankwYou4
DrxzMarkzSherwinSherwin’szGroupGuyzPattersonz