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Detection of boar taint. Coen van Wagenberg. Meeting 17-4-2013, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Develoment of an inline detection method for boar taint which is applicable in daily slaughterhouse practice, to prevent pork with boar taint reaching consumers. What is boar taint ?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Detection of boar taint
Coen van Wagenberg
Meeting 17-4-2013, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
Develoment of an inline detection method for boar taint which is applicable in daily slaughterhouse practice, to prevent pork with boar taint reaching consumers
What is boar taint?
Smelling unpleasant odour which is released
from meat of boars if the meat is heated
Develops while reaching maturity
Chemical compounds
● Androstenone
● Skatole
● Indole
● p-cresole, 4-ethylphenole, 1,4-dichloorbenzeen, 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one
● ???????
Human nose
Heating neck fat with gas burner
Line speed up to 650 boars/hour
Max half hour smelling continuously
1.5 million boars tested
Human nose
Score Description Decision
0 Normal pork smell No boar taint
1 Deviant smell, but not boar taint
2 Non aversive smell
3 Boar taint Boar taint
4 Strong boar taint
Human nose: deviant odour of boars
Average deviant odour 3-4% of boars
Spread between farms 0-10%
%afwijkende geur
aa
nta
l b
ed
rijv
en
verdeling berengeur (405 bedrijven)
0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12
0
20
40
60
80
405 farms with boars
Per cent deviant smell
Num
ber
of
farm
s
Consumer = golden standardBoar meat samples ranked on household overall quality perception and on boar
taint score with the human nose: is there a more accurate alternative?
Boar number
Agreement on ranking between overall quality perception consumers and order of ….
Kendall’s W P
Households: odour during backing loin .87 .001
Households: odour during backing chops .89 .000
Households: odour during backing belly .91 .000
Lab: androstenone .49 .510
Lab: skatole .58 .198
Panel: androstenone .58 .210
Panel: skatole .60 .153
Panel and Lab: androstenone .54 .337
Panel and Lab: skatole .61 .129
Kendall's coefficient can be used for assessing agreement among raters. Kendall's W ranges from 0 (no agreement) to 1 (complete agreement).
Agreement on ranking between overall quality perception consumers and order of ….
... Kendall’s W P
Panel: intensity taste .61 .128
Panel: tender .57 .212
Panel: fat .49 .522
Panel: juicy .54 .331
Panel: pork taste .50 .482
Inline human nose score .65 .065
Comparison currently available detection methods: HNS, lab analysis, trained panel • Humane Nose Score (HNS) results in highest agreement with score by the consumer• Agreement HNS with consumer higher than with laboratory analysis of androstenone and skatole• Agreement HNS with consumer slightly higher than with panel results for intensity taste
Effect fatigueness on human nose score
Score ranging from 0 = no smell to 4 = strong smell
Effect fatigueness on human nose score
Humane Nose Score Minutes 1-15 Minutes 16-30
0 80.30 80.77
1 8.96 8.52
2 6.70 6.70
3 3.40 3.38
4 0.65 0.63
Conclusion: within 30 minutes we do not observe fatigueness on humane nose