DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 11: KEY ISSUES 1-2 p. 395-411 Vocab: 13; 75-83 Notes: p. 7-8

DO NOW: EUROPE MAP QUIZ Let’s go. You got this. DO NEXT: DEVELOP AN LDC Open up your doc on Google Classroom and keep working on your plan.

Name: _______________________________________ Period: _______ Score: _____ / 15 points

OPERATION: DEVELOP AN LDC

Prompt: Which is better to help a nation develop: self-sufficiency or international trade? If you were the president of one of the nations below, which would you choose? Why? Directions: Choose a country to economically develop. You will need to follow either the self-sufficiency approach, or the international trade approach (i.e. Rostow’s Model). Additionally, you can choose to use microfinance and/or fair trade to foster economic development. Afghanistan Pakistan Bangladesh Yemen Somalia Sudan Mali

HDI score 0.468 (ranked 169)

0.537 (ranked 146)

0.558 (ranked 142)

0.500 (ranked 154)

0.364 (ranked 165)

0.473 (ranked 166)

0.407 (ranked 176)

Life expectancy 60.95 years 66.57 years 70.66 years 63.11 years 55.05 years 62.06 years 55.03 years

Avg years of schooling 3.21 years 4.73 years 5.07 years 2.51 years n.a. 3.14 years 1.99 years

GNI per capita $1,903.66 $4,651.64 $2,713.09 $3,945.18 n.a. $3,428.12 $1,499.38

Resources

gold, copper, lithium, uranium, iron ore, cobalt, natural gas, oil

natural gas, some oil, hydro power potential, coal, iron ore, copper, salt

fertile soils, natural gas, timber, coal

Main: oil, natural gas Some: coal, gold, lead, nickel, copper

uranium, iron ore, tin, gypsum, copper, salt, natural gas

petroleum, copper, iron ore, silver, gold, tungsten, zinc

gold

Government unstable, but democracy starting

democracy, struggling to control domestic insurgents

democracy, uses international development aid

transitioning gov’t after Arab Spring uprisings

transitional gov’t after 20 years without one

dictatorship collapsing since 2012, fragile gov’t

Circle your choice: Self-Sufficiency International Trade Justify the reason for your choice. (5 points) __________________________________________________________________________________

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Operation: Develop an LDC

Monday, December 3 Learning Goals •  I can describe the impact of the Industrial Revolution. •  I can identify the locations of industrial regions in Europe, North America, and Asia.

13. Industrial Revolution • a series of improvements in industrial technology that

transformed the process of manufacturing goods •  water power, coal, iron ore

•  SIG: improved standard of living, led to growing populations, and increased food supplies •  demand for raw materials and search for new markets

(colonies)

•  EXAMPLES: •  1800s United Kingdom •  Diffused to Europe, America

75. Cottage Industry

• Home-based manufacturing •  Examples: •  household tools • agricultural

equipment

Homework THURSDAY Read: Chpt 11, KI 4 (p. 418-424)

Notes: p. 10 Vocab: #84-88

FRIDAY Africa Map Quiz

DO NOW: BINDER ✓ Open up your binders to your vocabulary and take out your questions. DO NEXT: RECITE & REVIEW Review the vocab & questions with a neighbor. Make sure to give good examples.

Tuesday, December 2 Learning Goals •  I can identify the locations of industrial regions in Europe, North America, and Asia. •  I can identify where industries locate and explain why they choose certain locations over others.

76. Rust Belt

•  Industrial states with declining economy as factories close and people move •  Example: •  Great Lakes

Regon

US Industrial Regions Notes p. 7

Europe’s Industrial Regions Notes p. 7

East Asia’s Industrial Regions Notes p. 7

Bulk-Gaining Industry Bulk-Reducing Industry

81 JUST-IN-TIME DELIVERY shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed, which reduces wasteful inventory Ex: cars, computers

82 FOOTLOOSE FIRM

manufacturing activities in which cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for determining location of firm Ex: diamonds, computer chips (lightweight products)

Location: Market, Raw Material, or Manufacturer?

1.  Mineral resources 2.  Steel manufacturing 3.  Paper 4.  Chips 5.  Motor vehicle parts 6.  Soda 7.  Zippers 8.  Computer microchips

Location: Market, Raw Material, or Manufacturer?

1.  Mineral resources ! bulk-reducing (raw material) 2.  Steel manufacturing ! bulk-gaining (market) 3.  Paper ! bulk-reducing (raw material) 4.  Chips ! perishable, bulk-gaining (market) 5.  Motor vehicle parts ! just-in-time (manufacturer) 6.  Soda ! bulk-gaining (market) 7.  Zippers ! specialized (manufacturer) 8.  Computer microchips ! footloose (anywhere)

Truck, Train, Ship, or Air? 1.  iPhones from China to US market 2.  Amazon Prime orders in the United States (1-2 day

delivery) 3.  Overnight package from LA to NYC with $50

delivery fee 4.  Grain from Midwest farms to Cedar Rapids

factories

Truck, Train, Ship, or Air? 1.  Ship: iPhones from China to US market 2.  Truck: Amazon Prime orders in the United States (1-2

day delivery) 3.  Air: Overnight package from LA to NYC with $50

delivery fee 4.  Train: Grain from Midwest farms to Cedar Rapids

factories

Changing Distribution of the US Steel Industry How has the optimal location for steel production changed over time in the United States?

Changing Distribution of the World Steel Industry How has the shift of world manufacturing to new industrial regions changed the steel industry?

Labor as a Site Factor: Manufacturing Wages

14. Weber’s Least Cost Theory •  Industries locate where they can minimize costs •  Based on THREE categories of cost: •  Transportation: inputs and market •  Labor: cheap labor • Agglomeration: clustering of enterprises in same

area

15 AGGLOMERATION

centralization of features of an industry for the mutual benefit of the industry as a whole

Ex: - Original auto industry (Detroit) - Movie industry (Hollywood) - Technology (Silicon Valley)

42 COMPLEMENTARITY

trade where both sides benefit ! countries that manufacture products increase employment and countries that receive products satisfy their customers

Ex: - Four Asian Tigers - Economic growth caused by global export market

43 COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE

ability to produce a good or service at a lower cost than other producers

Ex: - England had more natural resources, cheap labor and began industrializing with textiles - Four Asian Tigers have cheap labor sources, so manufacturers locate there

Weber’s Least Cost Theory M

RM RM

M Market P Production Point RM Raw Materials

LEAST COST THEORY

P

Weber’s Least Cost Theory M

RM RM

M Market P Production Point RM Raw Materials

BULK-GAINING INDUSTRY

P

Weber’s Least Cost Theory M

RM RM

M Market P Production Point RM Raw Materials

BULK-REDUCING INDUSTRY

P

Weber’s Least Cost Theory M

RM RM

M Market P Production Point RM Raw Materials

BRICK BUNNY SCENARIO

P

Homework THURSDAY Read: Chpt 11, KI 4 (p. 418-424)

Notes: p. 10 Vocab: #84-88

FRIDAY Africa Map Quiz

DO NOW: BINDERS Open up your binders to p. 9 – Weber’s Least Cost Theory.

Wednesday, December 5 Learning Goals •  I can explain Weber’s least cost theory and apply the model to real-life scenarios.

Where should you locate a new factory?

Industrial Location Assignment Directions: Read Chapter 12 and answer the following questions. Type or write clearly on a separate sheet of paper.

1. List THREE variable costs that decision makers take into account when calculating efforts to maximize advantages.

2. What does friction of distance refer to? How is the concept of distance decay related to this?

3. According to Alfred Weber’s Least Cost Theory, what accounts for the location of manufacturing plants?

4. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new brewery. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Hops & Grain $.10/mile $.11/mile Spring Water $.05/mile $.03/mile Bottled Beer $.25/mile $.27/mile

According to Weber, where will you locate the new brewery and why?

5. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new steel factory for a growing town. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Iron Ore $.40/mile $.44/mile Coal $.35/mile $.35/mile Steel $.30/mile $.33/mile According to Weber, where will you locate the new steel factory and why?

6. These scenarios only refer only to transportation costs. They do not adequately account for variations over time. For example, when relative labor costs decline, or when land rent goes down, an industry can sustain an increase in transportation costs – this is referred to as the substitution principle. Discuss TWO other variables not mentioned by Weber that would affect the location of a factory.

Booming Town

Iron Ore Coal

Where should you locate a new brewery?

Industrial Location Assignment Directions: Read Chapter 12 and answer the following questions. Type or write clearly on a separate sheet of paper.

1. List THREE variable costs that decision makers take into account when calculating efforts to maximize advantages.

2. What does friction of distance refer to? How is the concept of distance decay related to this?

3. According to Alfred Weber’s Least Cost Theory, what accounts for the location of manufacturing plants?

4. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new brewery. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Hops & Grain $.10/mile $.11/mile Spring Water $.05/mile $.03/mile Bottled Beer $.25/mile $.27/mile

According to Weber, where will you locate the new brewery and why?

5. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new steel factory for a growing town. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Iron Ore $.40/mile $.44/mile Coal $.35/mile $.35/mile Steel $.30/mile $.33/mile According to Weber, where will you locate the new steel factory and why?

6. These scenarios only refer only to transportation costs. They do not adequately account for variations over time. For example, when relative labor costs decline, or when land rent goes down, an industry can sustain an increase in transportation costs – this is referred to as the substitution principle. Discuss TWO other variables not mentioned by Weber that would affect the location of a factory.

Booming Town

Iron Ore Coal

Industrial Location Assignment Directions: Read Chapter 12 and answer the following questions. Type or write clearly on a separate sheet of paper.

1. List THREE variable costs that decision makers take into account when calculating efforts to maximize advantages.

2. What does friction of distance refer to? How is the concept of distance decay related to this?

3. According to Alfred Weber’s Least Cost Theory, what accounts for the location of manufacturing plants?

4. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new brewery. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Hops & Grain $.10/mile $.11/mile Spring Water $.05/mile $.03/mile Bottled Beer $.25/mile $.27/mile

According to Weber, where will you locate the new brewery and why?

5. Now put Weber's theory to work in deciding where to locate a new steel factory for a growing town. Here's the scenario:

Material (per case) Rail Transport Cost Road Transport Cost Iron Ore $.40/mile $.44/mile Coal $.35/mile $.35/mile Steel $.30/mile $.33/mile According to Weber, where will you locate the new steel factory and why?

6. These scenarios only refer only to transportation costs. They do not adequately account for variations over time. For example, when relative labor costs decline, or when land rent goes down, an industry can sustain an increase in transportation costs – this is referred to as the substitution principle. Discuss TWO other variables not mentioned by Weber that would affect the location of a factory.

Booming Town

Iron Ore Coal

Critiques of Weber’s Theory What assumption does Weber make in his theory? •  uniform topography • equal purchasing power • availability of transportation • availability of labor force

Homework THURSDAY Read: Chpt 11, KI 4 (p. 418-424)

Notes: p. 10 Vocab: #84-88

FRIDAY Africa Map Quiz