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Sarad Bickram Rana, Executive Director, Nepal Intermodal Transport Development Board (NITDB)
Kathmandu, Nepal
Development and Operationof Dry Ports in Nepal
Development and Operationof Dry Ports in Nepal
1
Presentation Overview
• Key Information on trade and transit situation
• Policy Guidelines• Institutional Arrangements• Related Act and Regulations• Expected Benefit• Some Major Problems• Summary
2
Kathmandu
NEPALArea : 147,181 Sq. Km.Population: 26.5 Mill.GDP Per capita : 700 $
3
Foreign Trade Situation
Stream Share of Total Trade(2012/13)
Export 11%Import 89%
100%India 66%
Overseas 34 %100%
Status of Nepal as per DoingBusiness Report
177th out of 189
Export Cost per container US$ 2,400
Export Time 42 days
Import cost per container US$ 2,295
Import Time 39 days
4
Transit Provision
Through Treaty of Transit between Nepal and India• Gateway Port (Out of major ports Kolkata Port is a
designated port )• 26 Border Crossing point• 1 rail head
Through Rail-Service Agreement between Nepal and India
• 1 rail based
Through Nepal-China Agreement• 6 Border crossing point 5
Dryports/ Inland Clearance Depots under operationsDryport under constructionProposed for future construction
Rasuwa
Trade Corridors (Major)
Olangchungola
Yari
Kimathanka
Nechung
6
Transport Infrastructure (2013)
Roads
Local Roads (50,943 Km) Strategic Roads (11,636 Km)
Railways
Jayanagar (India) - Janakpur (Nepal)(51 KM)
Raxaul (India) – Birgunj (Nepal)(5 KM)
Airfields
48 Nos. (registered) Dryports
Road based (3+1) Rail based(1)
7
• Eighth Five Year Plan (1992-97)• Environment Policy• Investment Policy• Transit and Logistics Policy• Transport and Trade Facilitation Policy• Bilateral/Multilateral Trade and Transit
Treaties• GATT/WTO, SAFTA, BIMSTEC• Nepal India Rail Services Agreement
Policies for Development of Dry ports
8
Relevant Acts and Regulation:
• Private Financing Act 2006-BOT• Foreign Investment Policy and
Technology• Land Acquisition Act-1977• Environment Protection Act/Rules-1997• Export and Import Act-1957• Customs Act-2007• Motor Vehicle Act-1993• Labor Act-1992
9
Nepal Intermodal Transport Development Board (NITDB)
Secretary, MOCSChairperson
Members(Public Entity)
Members(Private Entity)
Deputy Governor, NRB
Director General, Customs
Joint Secretary, MOPPT
President, FNCCI
President, NCC
President, NEFFA
Perfect PPP Model
Executive Director(Secretary)
Institutional Arrangements
10
Functions of NITDB• To develop, manage and promote ICD
terminals for the facilitation of Nepal's exports and imports;
• To enter into agreement with private sector company, selected on the basis of competitive bidding, for leasing out the management of ICD terminals;
• To prescribe criteria in determining the service charges of the terminal operation;
• To conclude railway operation agreement with Indian Railways for rail movement of cargo to/from ICD. 11
Key Government Agencies involved in Dryport developments
Relevant Agencies
for development of ICD
National Planning
Commission Ministry of Commerce &
Supplies
Developer/Operator
NITDB / NITDA
Ministry of Environment
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Physical Infrastruct
ure and Transport
Ministry of Urban
Development
12
Agencies related to Operation
of ICD
TMC
Customs
Freight Forwarders
BanksQuarantine
Shipping Lines
Customs Agents
Multimodal Transport Operators
13
Three dryports at Nepal – India border were developed in 2000 with the WB assistance; Birgunj – Rail linked with gateway port and other Indian
rail head Biratnagar and Bhairahawa – Road based
Forth dryport at Nepal – India border was developed in 2010 with ADB assistance Kakarvitta – Road Based
Fifth dryport at Nepal – China border is under construction with technical and Financial assistance from Government of PR China
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Lease out to the private operator through international competitive biddings Initial Lease Terms – Fixed Lease Rent for 10 years Operator accumulated heavy financial loss
Revisited the contract after 2 years of operation Minimum lease rent – Base case traffic Revenue sharing (60:40) on every increment exceeding
base case. As a result operator recovered all the losses and
became no. 1 tax payer of the district.
15
Dry Ports (Roadbased)BIRATNAGAR BHAIRAHAWA
TATOPANIKAKARBHITTA
16
Dry Port (Railbased)
BIRGUNJ
17
Birgunj Dryport
Insert
Birgunj
18
Future Dryports
• ICD under construction at Tatopani on Asian Highway AH42 with grant assistance of PR China
• Pre-feasibility study of other potential dry ports– Rasuwa – 2nd Dryport at Nepal China Border – Dodhara - Chadani (Kanchanpur)-AH2
• CFS at Kathmandu Valley
19
20
DRY PORTS
Bhairahawa KakarbhittaBirgunj Biratnagar
Tatopani (Under Construction)
UNESCAP
21
Functions of Dryports
• Receipt and dispatch/delivery of cargo• Stuffing and de-stuffing of containers• Transit operations by rail/road to and from
serving ports• Customs clearance• Warehousing• Temporary storage of cargo and containers• Computerized processing of documents with
capability of being linked to EDI
22
Expected Benefit
• One stop arrangements• Reduction in Transit time and cost • Managed Warehousing • Well- Equipped Facilities • Managed Parking Facilities• Security of goods• Export Promotion• Economic and Financial Benefit• Trade Facilitation
23
Som major Problems/IsseuesAt National Level• Lack of Appropriate Road Infrastructure• Lack of Appropriate quarantine Labs• Carteling/Syndicate of Transport etc.At Bilateral/Regional• Non tariff barrier• No harmonization of clearance system• Un-realistics provisions in the treatiesAt International Level• LOCODE and its registration in the
Shipping Map• Standard guidelines for transshipment
etc. 24
In summary……
• Absence of sea ports and a poor transportinfrastructure make international trade moreexpensive and cumbersome
• Cost of logistics and transit transportation forlandlocked countries 15% higher than coastalcountries
• Dryports play significant role in reduction costin the case of land locked countries
• International agency should focus on bringingout guidelines related to transshipment, portleasing out, Registration of LOCODE, Locatedryport on the international shipping map, etc.
25
Thank You.
26