• Development of buildings archaeology

• The move from digging the past to the study of the built environment

• Moving our understanding forward

© Richard Haddlesey www.medievalarchitecture.net

Background pre 1970Background pre 1970

• RCHME 1908• World Wars• Town and Country Planning Acts

of 1944, 1947 and 1968• Architectural history• Ecclesiastical, seigniorial and

polite structures• C Fox and Lord Raglan, N

Pevsner and M Wood• W. G. Hoskins and W Pantin

Background pre 1970Background pre 1970

• Wharram Percy D.M.V.• 1950-1990• Historian - M Beresford• Archaeologist - J Hurst• Later C Dyer• Localised study• Why did a whole village

disappear?

Background c1965 – Background c1965 – 1980s1980s

• Move toward Processual Archaeology

• Chronologies – typologies• Regional variations• Classifications• All data driven• C Hewett, R. W. Brunskill, R

Harris• Vernacular?

Background 1980s-Background 1980s-1990s1990s

• Post-Processual Archaeology• Birth of “Buildings

Archaeology” 1993 (Morriss 2000)

• Dendrochronolgy• Social and economic variables• Wider implications/subjects• Diffusionism• C Dyer, M Johnson, T James, E

Roberts and S Pearson

NOWNOW

• Cognitive Archaeology• Understanding the “why?”• Digital Archaeology• Mobile Archaeology / Geophysics• Holistic approach• Immersive Virtual technologies• Solid Dendrochronolgies• Media driven - Time Team, etc• M Johnson, C Dyer, D Miles, R

Morriss and R Samson

Whittlewood ProjectWhittlewood Project

• Prof C Dyer• 2000-05• 100km² Communal landscape

management study• Holistic approach• Public involvement• No chronological boundaries• Full digital archive• http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/archive/whittlewood_ahrb_2006/

History of computing and History of computing and archaeological theoryarchaeological theory

Date Archaeological School

Types of theories and problems

Computing machines – hardware and software

Subjects of use

Pre- 1930 Natural observation Descriptive Calculating machines Statistical analysis

1930-65 Cultural history Temporal and geographic gapsmanship as well as reconstructive

Mainframes, Fortran, Cobol

Statistical analysis, data storage and manipulation

1965-80 Processual Systematic, hypothetical, nomethetic , behavioural, group oriented

Mini’s Vaxs, PC, Pascal, C, Basic

Causation, modelling, simulation, GIS

1980-95 Post-processual Individual, interpretive PCs, C++, Prolog Expert systems, non-causative, AI, field use, GIS

1990- Cognitive Individual, experimental and hypothetical, reconstructive

Workstations, PCs, parallel processing, supercomputing, visual basic, numerous specialised languages

AI, GIS, individual modelling, visualisation, webography

(Zubrow 2006)

Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology

• “the study of past ways of thought from material remains” (Renfrew & Bahn 2000)

• To try understand how people thought about and engaged with their environment

Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology

Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology

• By using ‘digital archaeology’ to recreate virtual worlds

• By using – Desktop publishing / WWW– GIS– Computer Aided Design (CAD)– Virtual Reality

Desktop publishingDesktop publishing

Desktop publishingDesktop publishing

Geographical Geographical Information Systems Information Systems

(GIS)(GIS)• ArcGIS 9

www.esri.com

Autodesk-AutoCADAutodesk-AutoCAD

Autodesk – 3d Studio Autodesk – 3d Studio MaxMax

Autodesk – 3d Studio Autodesk – 3d Studio MaxMax

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

12th C Lap-joint

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

13th C Lap-joint

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

12th C Scarf joint

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

13th C Scarf joint

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

14th C Scarf joint

Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology

Disseminating Digital Disseminating Digital ArchaeologyArchaeology

www.digislide.com.au

Digital Archaeology in Digital Archaeology in the Mediathe Media

http://www.digital-archaeology.com/

Virtual tours

Digital Archaeology in Digital Archaeology in the Mediathe Media

Key texts

• Daly, P. & Evans, T. (eds.), (2006). Digital Archaeology: Bridging Method and

Theory, London: Routledge.

• Dibble, H. & McPherron, S., 2002. Using Computers in Archaeology: A Practical

Guide, USA: McGraw-Hill.

• Gerrard, C., 2003. Medieval Archaeology: Understanding Traditions and

Contemporary Approaches, London: Routledge.

• Earl, G. & Goodrick, G., 2004. A manufactured past: virtual reality in archaeology.

http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue15/2/toc.html. (April 2005)

• Johnson, M., 1999. Archaeological Theory: An Introduction, London: Blackwell.

• Renfrew, C. & Bahn, P., 2000. Archaeology: Theories Methods and Practice,

London: Thames & Hudson.

• Zubrow, E., (2006). Digital Archaeology: A Historical Context, in Digital

Archaeology: Bridging Method and Theory, eds. P. Daly & T. Evans London:

Routledge, 10-31.

Contact

• Richard.Haddlesey@...

• www.medievalarchitecture.net