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Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in Pakistan
Syed Waqar Haider, Syed Waqar Haider, Ph.D., P.E.Ph.D., P.E.
GilbertGilbert. Y. Baladi, . Y. Baladi, Ph.D., Ph.D., P.E.P.E.
Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineeringp C v & v g gp C v & v g g
TayyebTayyeb AkramAkram, , Ph.D.Ph.D.National Institute of Transportation, National Institute of Transportation,
National National University of Science & Technology, University of Science & Technology, Islamabad, Islamabad, PakistanPakistan
PakistanPakistan--U.S. S&T Cooperative Program Symposium U.S. S&T Cooperative Program Symposium IslamabadIslamabad PakistanPakistan January 31January 31 Februray 1 Februray 1 2013 2013
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 1
IslamabadIslamabad, , PakistanPakistan, , January 31January 31--Februray 1, Februray 1, 2013 2013
Presentation Overview
•• IntroductionIntroduction
R h bj tiR h bj ti•• Research objectivesResearch objectives
•• BackgroundBackground
•• Research Research approachapproach
•• AccomplishmentsAccomplishmentspp
•• Research outcomesResearch outcomes
•• Research ImpactsResearch Impacts•• Research ImpactsResearch Impacts
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 2
Role of Roads in Economic Development
•• Move goods and people in timely fashionMove goods and people in timely fashion•• Provide access to farms and rural areasProvide access to farms and rural areas•• Create jobsCreate jobs•• Generate investment opportunitiesGenerate investment opportunities•• Improve standard of living Improve standard of living p gp g
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 3
Transportation Modes in Pakistan
100PassengerFreight
60
80
(%)
Freight
National Highways only National Highways only t ib t 4 2 % (11 000 k ) t ib t 4 2 % (11 000 k )
40Shar
e ( contributes 4.2 % (11,000 km) contributes 4.2 % (11,000 km)
of the total road network, they of the total road network, they carry 90% of total trafficcarry 90% of total traffic
0
20
Road Rail AirTransport mode
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013
Source: Economic Survey 2007Source: Economic Survey 2007--0808
4
Overall Goals of the Research
•• Introduce Introduce asphalt pavement recycling asphalt pavement recycling methodologies methodologies methodologies methodologies
•• Positive socioPositive socio--economic and environmental economic and environmental impactsimpactsimpactsimpacts
•• Technology transfer Technology transfer -- Training local professionals Training local professionals through short coursesthrough short coursesthrough short coursesthrough short courses
•• Capacity building of academic institutionsCapacity building of academic institutions
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 5
Research Objectives
Develop guidelines for asphalt pavement recycling in Develop guidelines for asphalt pavement recycling in Pakistan within the given constraints and Pakistan within the given constraints and
i t l ditii t l ditienvironmental conditionsenvironmental conditions
1.1. Develop guidelines for pavement evaluationDevelop guidelines for pavement evaluation
2.2. Investigate the stateInvestigate the state--ofof--thethe--practice for pavement recyclingpractice for pavement recycling
3.3. Develop procedure for material characterization for recyclingDevelop procedure for material characterization for recyclingp p y gp p y g
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 6
Research Tasks
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 7
Pavement Distress — Rutting
NN--5, Lahore 5, Lahore -- IslamabadIslamabad
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 8
Pavement Distress — Cracking
NN--5, Lahore 5, Lahore -- IslamabadIslamabad
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 9
Causes of Distress — Excessive truck loads
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 10
Causes of Distress — Climatic factors
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 11
Needs for Pavement Preservation
•• In 1998, network analysis using the HDMIn 1998, network analysis using the HDM--III III computer program showed that an annual budget computer program showed that an annual budget p p g gp p g gof PKR 6.0 billions per year is required over 10 of PKR 6.0 billions per year is required over 10 years period to improve the average network years period to improve the average network
•• I 2005 h l d i d f PKR 6 0 I 2005 h l d i d f PKR 6 0
conditions to an acceptable levelconditions to an acceptable levelSource: (NHA 2005), and (Rodrigo and Haider 1998)Source: (NHA 2005), and (Rodrigo and Haider 1998)
•• In 2005, the annual needs increased from PKR 6.0 In 2005, the annual needs increased from PKR 6.0 to 10.5 billions after adjusting for inflationto 10.5 billions after adjusting for inflation
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 12
The Problem
•• Funding for preventive maintenance, preservation, Funding for preventive maintenance, preservation, rehabilitation, and reconstruction of roadways rehabilitation, and reconstruction of roadways , y, ycompete with other demands on the limited public compete with other demands on the limited public funds and resources. funds and resources.
•• Innovation is required in order to do more with less. Innovation is required in order to do more with less.
A h lt t liA h lt t li i h i h •• Asphalt pavement recyclingAsphalt pavement recycling is one way to stretch is one way to stretch existing budgets to maintain, preserve, rehabilitate and existing budgets to maintain, preserve, rehabilitate and reconstruct more kilometers of roadwaysreconstruct more kilometers of roadwaysreconstruct more kilometers of roadways.reconstruct more kilometers of roadways.
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 13
Advantages
•• The advantages of asphalt pavement surface recycling The advantages of asphalt pavement surface recycling (hot or cold in(hot or cold in--place and inplace and in--plant recycling) include:plant recycling) include:
Conservation of natural resourcesConservation of natural resources
Better pavement performanceBetter pavement performance
(( pp p y g)p y g)
Better pavement performanceBetter pavement performance
Reduced traffic disruption, maintained pavement geometry Reduced traffic disruption, maintained pavement geometry and thicknessesand thicknessesand thicknessesand thicknesses
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 14
Existing Practice — Wasted resources & environmental hazardsg
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 15
Existing Practice — Wasted resources & environmental hazardsg
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 16
Hot-in-place Recycling (HIR)
PP h i ih i iPrePre--heating unitheating unit
Wirtgen’sWirtgen’s recycling trainrecycling train
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 17
HIR
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013
Remixing unitRemixing unit
18
HIR
Scarifying / Heating unitScarifying / Heating unit
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 19
HIR
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013
New HMA placed in remixing unitNew HMA placed in remixing unit
20
Cold Milling
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 21
Cold-in-place Recycling (CIR)
CIR t i ki NCIR t i ki N 55Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013
CIR train working on NCIR train working on N--55
22
CIRcy
cled
by s
cree
dby
scr
eed
of m
illed
rec
ial
com
pact
ion
com
pact
ion
Vie
w o
mat
eral
Initi
al
Initi
al
r
ycle
d yc
led
mat
eria
dd of
CIR
laye
r
Mill
ed re
cyM
illed
recy
near
scr
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near
scr
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Com
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ion
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 23
In-plant Recycling in USA
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 24
In-plant Recycling in USA
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 25
In-plant Recycling in USA
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 26
Technology TransferPakistan team visit to USAPakistan team visit to USA——August 16August 16--25, 200625, 2006
Revised research plan
Visit to cold-in-place recycled road project
Visit to the state-of-the-art asphalt mixing plant
One week training course at NCAT, Auburn
USA team visit to PakistanUSA team visit to Pakistan——December 10December 10--22, 200622, 2006Three-day short course “Infrastructure asset management systems and asphalt recycling practices and technologies”, more than 200 people attending from the road authorities, private sector and academia.
Several recycling projects site visits and meetings with HEC NUST and NHA officialsSeveral recycling projects site visits and meetings with HEC, NUST and NHA officials
USA team visit to PakistanUSA team visit to Pakistan——March 1March 1--9, 20089, 2008Two-day short course “State-of-the-art in road construction and quality control assurance issues”, more than 120 people attending from the road authorities, private sector and academia.more than 120 people attending from the road authorities, private sector and academia.
Several meetings with contractors, consultants, the World Bank, NHA and NUST officials.
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 27
Technical Publications• Final Report entitled “Develop Guidelines for Recycling of Develop Guidelines for Recycling of
Asphalt Pavements in PakistanAsphalt Pavements in Pakistan”, 2009.•• Two journal papers presented Two journal papers presented at at the the Annual Meeting of Two journal papers presented Two journal papers presented at at the the Annual Meeting of
Transportation Research Board, 2008 and 2009.•• Nine Nine conference papers conference papers published and presented at following
fconferences:• 6th International Conference MAIREPAV6, Torino, Italy, July 8-10, 2009• 6th RILEM International Conference on Cracking in Pavements, Chicago,
USA, June 8-11, 2008.• 6th International Conference on Road and Airfield Pavement Technology
(ICPT) Conference, Japan, July 2008.• 7th International Conference on: Sustainable Aggregates, Asphalt
Technology and Pavement Engineering, Liverpool, UK. February 20-21, 2008.
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 28
Masters Thesis•• Introduction of performanceIntroduction of performance--based specification for Asphalt binders in based specification for Asphalt binders in
PakistanPakistan, by Mr. by Mr. QaziQazi AurangzebAurangzeb, 2007.
•• Characterization of RAP and asphalt binders for their potential use in CIR Characterization of RAP and asphalt binders for their potential use in CIR p pp pwith foamed asphalt through conventional and performance testingwith foamed asphalt through conventional and performance testing, by Mr. Khurram MalikMr. Khurram Malik, 2008.
•• HotHot--inin--place recycling experience on motorway (Mplace recycling experience on motorway (M--2) in Pakistan2) in Pakistan, by Mr. Mr. p y g p y (p y g p y ( )) , yNadeemNadeem A. A. QureshiQureshi, 2008.
•• Developing pavement evaluation guidelines for selection of flexible Developing pavement evaluation guidelines for selection of flexible pavement recycling strategies in Pakistanpavement recycling strategies in Pakistan, by Mr. Mr. ArshadArshad HussainHussain, 2008.p y g gp y g g , y ,
•• Characterization Characterization of binder blends for asphalt mixtures containing of binder blends for asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavements, reclaimed asphalt pavements, by Mr. Mudissar, 2009.
•• R tti R tti S tibilit f A h lt Mi t i l di RAP i Si l S tibilit f A h lt Mi t i l di RAP i Si l •• Rutting Rutting Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures including RAP using Simple Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures including RAP using Simple Performance TestingPerformance Testing, , by Mr. Anees Ali, 2010.
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 29
Training Components
More than 300 highway related professionals from More than 300 highway related professionals from public, private and academic sectors were trained public, private and academic sectors were trained p , pp , pduring short coursesduring short coursesThe academic/research/supporting staff at NIT The academic/research/supporting staff at NIT working on the research were trained for using the working on the research were trained for using the statestate--ofof--thethe--art material testing using new art material testing using new laboratory equipment procured through the research laboratory equipment procured through the research laboratory equipment procured through the research laboratory equipment procured through the research grantgrant
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 30
Outcome of the Research•• Guidelines for the evaluation of existing pavements Guidelines for the evaluation of existing pavements
•• Pavement structure assessment criteria for selecting asphalt Pavement structure assessment criteria for selecting asphalt recycling methodrecycling method
•• Guidelines for construction processes which includes detailed Guidelines for construction processes which includes detailed procedures and methodsprocedures and methodsprocedures and methodsprocedures and methods
•• Guidelines for material evaluation and characterization for Guidelines for material evaluation and characterization for asphalt recyclingasphalt recyclingp y gp y g
•• Guidelines for asphalt mixture design involving RAP by highway Guidelines for asphalt mixture design involving RAP by highway class class
•• A process for evaluating and upgrading the guidelinesA process for evaluating and upgrading the guidelines
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 31
Research Impactf f h h ll b f h hf f h h ll b f h h
Universities and InstitutionsUniversities and Institutions
Benefits of the research will be for entire highway sector in Benefits of the research will be for entire highway sector in Pakistan. The beneficiaries include:Pakistan. The beneficiaries include:
• National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)
• National Institute of Transportation (NIT)
• University of Engineering and Technology (UETs) at Lahore Taxila Karachi andUniversity of Engineering and Technology (UETs) at Lahore, Taxila, Karachi, and
• Peshawar
Organizations and AgenciesOrganizations and AgenciesN ti l Hi h A th it (NHA)• National Highway Authority (NHA)
• Provincial Highway Authorities (Punjab, Sindh, NWFP, and Baluchistan)
• Provincial Communications & Works (C&W) Departments
• District and City Governments
• Highway Construction Industry
• Design and Supervision Consultants
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 32
Research ImpactResearch Impact
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 33
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
PakistanPakistan--US Science and US Science and T h l C ti T h l C ti
This research is a part of the This research is a part of the 44--years study (2006years study (2006--2009) 2009) entitled:entitled:
Technology Cooperative Technology Cooperative ProgramProgram
pp y y (y y ( ))
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in Pakistan
Development of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanDevelopment of Guidelines for Asphalt Recycling in PakistanPakistan-US S&T Symposium, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 2013 34