Development of High Efficiency Solar Cooling with …task48.iea-shc.org/.../events/scc2015/dai_sjtu_solar_ac_27-03-2015.pdfDevelopment of High Efficiency Solar Cooling with Medium

Professor Yanjun DAISolar Energy Research CenterSolar Energy Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Jiao Tong University

Development of High Efficiency Solar Development of High Efficiency Solar Cooling with Medium TemperatureCooling with Medium Temperature

Solar CollectorSolar Collector

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

2

Content

Introduction

Future activities

Recent development

Solar Cooling Technologies

1

2

3

4


3


4

Solar thermal application in ChinaSolar thermal application in China

Solar thermal utilization in buildings

Hot waterHot water heatingheating coolingcooling Hybrid systemHybrid system

Technologies in use Demonstration and close to large scale application

The target technology


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STEP 1: Fundamentalresearch

SETP 2: Chiller products study

SETP 3: System integration optimization

Air cooled sorption chiller

Desiccant dehumidification unit

Adsorbent and desiccant performance study (such as silica gel-H2O, activated carbon-NH3, etc. )

Water saving sorption cooling system

Desiccant cooling system

Solar PV cooling system

Absorbent performance study (such as LiBr-H2O, NH3 -H2O, etc. )

Solar collector l and component study (such as new concept collector, etc. )

High efficiency heat transfers study

Solar Cooling Research in SJTU

Water saving sorption chiller


6

Major technologies in SJTU

Adsorption chiller Adsorption ice making unitSingle effect LiBr-H2O

Rotary desiccant coolingTwo stage desiccant cooling

Single/Double effect LiBr-H2O


7

Recent development

Solar assisted CO2 heat pump with air cooled absorption cooling;Solar driven single/double effect absorption cooling system with Fresnel collectorSolar driven double effect absorption cooling with parabolic collectorDesiccant chiller driven by solar air collectorUse of desiccant coating technology in solar air conditioning.Solar combined cooling and heating


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I. Solar assisted CO2 heat pump


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System configuration


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System performance

Comparison of two refrigeration cycles of proposed CO2 heat pump on p-h diagram

Comparison between experiential and simulation results in hybrid mode


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II. Solar driven single/double effect absorption cooling system with Fresnel collector

Single / double effect absorption coolingpiping


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Fresnel solar collector


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Solar cooling in Shanghai Electric Co.

MM

M

M

M

MV1 MV2

MV5

MV6MV7

T1

T7T5

T8

T9

T10

T15

T16

T17

T19 T20

T18

T22

T21

F2F1

P2

M MV3

T3

T4T2

M

MV4

P1

P6

P3 F3

T11

T12 T14

T13

P4 F4

DN50

DN50

DN65

DN65 DN65

DN65

DN50

DN50

SV1 SV3

SV2 SV4

SV11 SV12

SV13

SV14

SV16

SV15

SV7 SV8

SV5 SV6

SV17

SV47

SV44 SV45

SV51

SV25

SV23 SV24

SV26

SV27

DN20SV9

DN20SV10

SV19

SV20

SV21

SV22

DN50

DN50

DN50

DN50

SV39SV38

SV30 SV28 SV36 SV29 SV37 SV31

DN50 DN50

SV32 SV33

SV42 SV43

SV41

SV40

SV34 SV35

DN65

DN65

SV56

DN80

DN80

DN50

DN50

SV49

SV50

SV48

SV46

DN25

DN25

DN25DN25

DN25

SV53

SV54 SV55

SV52

YF2

YF1

YF6

YF3

YF5

YF4

T6

NV1

NV2

NV1

NV3

NV5

NV4

550 m2 Fresnel solar collector;（150～200℃ Salt thermal energy storage (PCM, 146℃) Double/Single effect absorption chiller(100kW ）

Solar fresnel collector Single/double effect

absorption chiller

Molten salt energy storage


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double effect Single effect

Cooling capacity 134 kW 91 kW

Hot water

Flow rate 11.0 m3/h

Inlet/Outlet Temp. 150 /140 oC 105/95 oC

Cold water

Flow rate 23.0 m3/h

Inlet/Outlet Temp. 12/7 oC 12/8.4 oC

Cooling

water

Flow rate 44 m3/h

Inlet/Outlet Temp. 31/36 oC 31/35.3 oCSingle/double LiBr-H2O

chiller

Single/double LiBr-H2O chiller


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8 10 12 14 160

50

100

150

200

Am

bien

t Tem

p. (o C

)

Local Time (hours)

Ambient Temp. Thermal Oil Outlet Temp. Thermal Oil Inlet Temp.

0

200

400

600

800

Dire

ct R

adia

tion

(W/m

2)

Direct Radiation

8 10 12 14 160.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Single Effect Model

Single Effect Model

CO

P

Local Time (hours)

COPDouble Effect Model

Under sunny days，double effect mode from 10am -14 pmSingle effect mode for the other time.Daily average COP is about 0.8Cooling production for 6-8 hours

Performance analysis


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Single/double effect LiBr-H2O Chiller（Changle Shandong）


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III. Solar driven double effect absorption cooling with parabolic collector


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System Performance Daily solar thermal efficiency of the collector is about 40%。

Temperature increase is about 12-15℃。

COP is about 1.0。


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• Solar driven hybrid Air cooled absorption chiller + VC air conditioning system

• Trough collector is about 135 m2

• About 25kW air cooled absorption chiller

• Vanke real estate Co. , research center

Solar driven air cooled absorption cooling


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Solar driven air cooled absorption cooling


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iV. A novel chiller with desiccant dehumidification and regenerative evaporative cooling


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System Operation

Dehumidification subsystem (DS)

• process air cycle:1-2-3-4-5

• Regeneration air cycle:11-12-13-14-1511-12-16-17-18

REC subsystem (RS)• dry air for producing

chilled water cycle:5-6-7-8

• reused air cycle:8-9-10

• process air cycle:5-9-10

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900.000

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

11

109

2%

13

87

6

16

15

12 5%1%

Hum

idity

ratio

(kg/

kg)

10%20

%40%

60%

80%

100%

Dry bulb temperature (oC)

18

14(17)1

23

45

Latent load removed by DS

Sensible load removed by RS


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Performance in producing chilling water

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1015

30

45

60

75

90

Tem

pera

ture

(o C)

No.

5

10

15

20

25

30

Tamb

damb

Hum

idity

ratio

(g/k

g)

Treg

(a)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1010

15

20

25

30

15 oC

18 oC

Tw,ret

Tem

pera

ture

(o C)

No.

Tw,sup

(b)

20 oC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

CO

Pth

,w

No.

(c)


25

18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 360.006

0.009

0.012

0.015

0.018

0.021

0.024

Tw,ave=18.7 oC Qualified supply air

High humid

20%

Ambient conditions

Conventional cycle

60%

30%

100%

Hum

idity

ratio

(kg/

kg)

70%

40%

80%

50%

90%


Novel cycle Rdis=0.375

Comparison between the supply air condition of the novel cycle and that of the conventional cycle under high humid climate (1130.6 m3/h, 674.2 m3/h, 1.04 m3/h, July 22, 2011)


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V. Desiccant heat exchanger units


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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000.000

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

1%

SCHE A in dehumidification process SCHE A in regeneration process SCHE B in dehumidification process SCHE B in regeneration process

2%

5%

Hum

idity

ratio

(kg/

kg)

10%20

%

40%

60%

80%

100%


Dynamic analysis of two SCHEs in one cycle

200 400 600 800 1000 12003.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

Average Moisture Removal COP

Time (sec)

Ave

rage

Moi

stur

e R

emov

al (g

/kg)

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

Ambient Air Humidity Ratio: 15-16 g/kgRegeneration Hot Water Temperature: 80-85 oC

CO

P

Effect of cycle time on average moisture removal and COPth


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Solar heating and cooling system in Auhua Co., Ltd.

3F integration building (3层综合楼)

7F Office building (7层办公楼)


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System design (Sino – Denmark joint Project)


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50kW adsorption chiller


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80kW desiccant cooling system


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Green Energy Lab (GEL)

Gold Medel – LEED certification


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Solar driven adsorption chiller

60 m2 heat pipe solar collector15－20kW adsorption chillerCooling ceiling


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Radiant cooling

Chilled water 15℃，radiant coolingCOP is about 0.5.


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CPC solar collector + absorption chiller

CPC solar collector, 110~130℃.LiBr-H2O ChillerCapacity: 17kW


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Solar ice making system

Solar trough collector：130－150℃Adsorption ice makerCOP=0.3


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Solar air conditioning system in GEL

Solar adsorption cooling

Desiccant cooling Solar assisted CO2 heat pump

Micro CCHPWater resource heat pump

Main system

Ground source heat pump


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Solar PV cooling

Lennox

PV air conditioning becomes more competitive with the PV cost goes down.


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Medium temperature solar collector


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Solar Fresnel Collector


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Novel solar collector


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Factory of solar cooling machine


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Future ActivitiesCompact solar adsorption chiller

• Silica Gel- H2O, 5,10,20,50 kW• Chemical adsorption ice making unit• Multi slats and multi effect sorption cooling

Efficient desiccant dehumidification and cooling• Desiccant wheel• Desiccant coating • Advanced materials

Multi effects absorption coolingSolar collector and Thermal storageSolar combined system and simulation


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Thanks for your attention

谢谢！

Documents

Development of High Efficiency Solar Cooling with …task48.iea-shc.org/.../events/scc2015/dai_sjtu_solar_ac_27-03-2015.pdfDevelopment of High Efficiency Solar Cooling with Medium