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1
Development of Information Society Statistics
in RussiaInternational Workshop
State University – Higher School of Economics
Moscow, Dec. 12, 2006
Policy demand for Information Society statistics
Josef HochgernerZentrum für Soziale Innovation
STAGING THE SCENE
Information Society
Information: „Capital“ of the 21st century?
Science in the era of a knowledge based economy
Background: The „Lisbon objectives“ (policy agenda since 2000)
i2010 strategy: European Information Society 2010 (adopted 2005)
Available from http://europa.eu.int/information_society/eeuope/i2010/index_en.htm
2
POLICIES RELATED TO THE ADVANCING INFORMATION SOCIETY
Policies subject to the impact of the Information Society� Education and Science� Employment, labour market policies and services� Ecomomic development, trade and business organisation, taxation etc.)� Health services, care for disabled and elderly, social security measures� Public services (registration, information, communication, transaction)� ...
Explicit Information Society Policies in the EUThree priorities according to i2010 (1) Single European Information Space – promoting open, competitive and
rich internal markets for electronic communications, media and content(2) Innovation and investment in ICT research – fostering economic growth
and jobs through a wider adoption of ICT(3) Inclusive Information Society – accomplishment of public services and
improvement of quality of life
Priority (1): Single [European] Information Space, offering affordable and secure high bandwidth communications, rich and diverse content, and digital services
Development of broadband deployment- Coverage- Take-up- Speed and prices- Multiplatform of access to the internet
Advanced services- Availability of advanced online services (convergence, diverse formats ...)- Usage of advanced online services
Security modules in Community surveys on ICT usage become necessary- Specific surveys for households and enterprises shall be established 2007-2010
Impact- Growth and investment in the ICT sector- Market transformation (internal market, supply-side impact, behavioural change)
*) In their paper (Issue No. 1) of April 2006, the HL Experts provide suggestions concerning which indicators should be assessed, and sources (as available)
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE i2010 HIGH LEVEL GROUP (1)*)
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RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE i2010 HIGH LEVEL GROUP (2)
Priority (2): Business innovation and investment in ICT research,to achieve world class performance in Research & Development in ICT
Investment in ICT research- R&D expenditure by the business sector- R&D expenditure by the public sector
Adoption of ICT by Business- Indicators on basic connectivity and ICT adoption- e-Commerce (trade, selling and purchasing online)- e-Business (business processes, e-invoices, using e-signatures etc.)- Computing an e-Readiness composite indicator comprising elements of ICT adoption and of ICT use
Impact of adoption of ICT by Business- Expenditure in ICT in enterprises, households, and government- Productivity impact- Employment and skills development and patterns
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE i2010 HIGH LEVEL GROUP (3)
Priority (3): Inclusive Information Society, to achieve an Information Society that is inclusive, provides high quality of public services, and promotes quality of life
Inclusion- Computing disparity indexes with household connectivity and usage indicators- e-Accessibility (taking into account disabilities, age, education etc.)- Measuring digital literacy
Public services (general overview, analysis and benchmarking) - Availability- Sophistication- Take-up of public services- Impact (back office restructuring and impact on users [„front-end“])
e-Government (core indicators)- Number of basic public services fully available online for citizens (currently
measured: 12), and for enterprises (currently measured: 8)- Percentage of individuals using the internet for interacting with public authorities- Percentage of enterprises using the internet for interacting with public authorities- Suggested by the HLG: Measure impact, i.e. benefits for final users; for information cf. http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/egovernment_research/presentations/index_en.htm
4
ELECTRONIC PUBLIC SERVICES IN EU-BENCHMARK STUDIES
12 services for citizens:
• Income tax• Job search• Social security benefits• Personal documents• Car registration• Application for building permission• Declaration to the police• Public libraries• Birth and marriage certificates• Enrollment in higher education• Announcement of moving• Health related services
8 services for enterprises:
• Social contribution for employees• Corporate tax• VAT (Value Added Tax)• Registration of a new company• Data submission to statistical office• Customs declaration• Environment related permits• Public procurement
MEASURING „SOPHISTICATION“
Model of five stages of sophistication – e.g. income tax declaration
Stage 0: Provider/administration has no publicly accessible website
Stage 1: Information necessary to start the procedure of income tax declaration isavailable at a website
Stage 2: The website offers the possibility to obtain the paper form to start the procedure of income tax declaration
Stage 3:The website offers the possibility of an electronic intake by means of an electronic form to start the procedure of income tax declaration
Stage 4:The website offers the possibility to completely treat the declaration of income tax online
Source: Capgemini 2006, „Online Availability of Public Services: How is Europe Progressing? Web Based Survey on Electronic Public Services Report of the 6th Measurement June 2006“;
available from www.capgemini.com/public
5
WHY BENCHMARKING ?
Purpose of using benchmarks
� Comparison in retrospect- better understanding of actions- observation of relative positions
� Prospective direction- improve decision making- inform strategic planning
� Closing knowledge gaps- on the side of service providers(support improving services)
- on the side of users (supportingaccountability)
Relevance of benchmarks depends on stages of policy development
�Awareness raising: benchmarks serve as pure information
�Agenda setting stage: encouragementand shaping expectations
�Policy preparation: policy makers need information concerning alternatives and priorities
�Evaluation stage: informaton required on performance and options for learning
Policy making has entered a new era:• More and new players (International organisations, NGOs/CSOs, MNEs ...)• Technologies available to enhance communication and decision making• Diversification of public demand, social interaction and international relations
INFORMATION SOCIETY DATA BEYOND GAMES OF RANKING
„Sophistication“: (supply side data)
• Integration
• Transaction
• Interaction
• Information
„Expansion“:(demand side data)
• Nordic countries
• Variety of EU-MS
• Enterprises
• Individual citizens
A matter of fact: The ultimate goal is quality plus quantity
However, time and culture take their share;consider modes of innovation diffusion (from early adopters to laggards)
„Sophistication prior to expansion of Information Society indicators“
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Who provides the data?
Research organisations in international networks(e.g. EU RTD projects, for documentation cf. www.cordis.lu,
or Nordic Council, www.norden.org)
New institutions (e.g. Telecom Regulators, EITO)
International organisations (UN, OECD, EUROSTAT etc.)
National statistical offices
ISP, ICT corporations
SOURCES
Josef Hochgerner
Centre for Social InnovationLinke Wienzeile 246
A - 1150 Vienna
Tel. ++43.1.4950442Fax. ++43.1.4950442-40
email: [email protected]://www.zsi.at