8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

1/26

April 26, 2007

Vermelding onderdeel organisatie

1

Developments in Port Engineering

43rd International Port Seminar, April 2007

Prof. Han Ligteringen

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

2/26

April 26, 2007 2

Introduction on port development

Relation with shipping development

Overall port development

Two types of terminals

Conclusions

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

3/26

April 26, 2007 3

Relation with Shipping Development

Statement: Port infrastructure design follows ship

design Historical: Ship design adapted to natural constraints

Causes of change:

Economies of scale in shipping

Shipping economics and port economics treatedseparately

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

4/26

April 26, 2007 4

Emma Maersk, 13,500 TEU, 400 m long

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

5/26

April 26, 2007 5

High Speed Ferry

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

6/26

April 26, 2007 6

Overall Port Development

Larger ships lead to:

increased water depth --> dredged channels, shift todeeper water

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

7/26

April 26, 2007 7

Expansion of Port of Rotterdam

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

8/26

April 26, 2007 8

Overall Port Development

Larger ships lead to:

increased water depth --> dredged channels, shift todeeper water

increased depth at the quay --> complex and

expensive quay structures

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

9/26

April 26, 2007 9

Development in Quay design

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

10/26

April 26, 2007 10

Overall Port Development

Larger ships lead to:

increased water depth --> dredged channels, shift todeeper water

increased depth at the quay --> complex and

expensive quay structures more space for channels, turning circles and basins

increased capacity hinterland connections

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

11/26

April 26, 2007 11

Amazonehaven,

Rotterdam

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

12/26

April 26, 2007 12

Container Terminals

Historical development

Comparison with General Cargo Terminal

Summary consequences terminal design

Dilemmas

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

13/26

April 26, 2007 13

Historical Development

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

14/26

April 26, 2007 14

Comparison with General Cargo

Terminal

Quay length 320 m

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

15/26

April 26, 2007 15

Surface area

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

16/26

April 26, 2007 16

Comparison with General Cargo

Terminal

Quay length 320 m

General Cargo Terminal: 2 berthsThroughput 200,00 ton/yr, A = 5 ha

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

17/26

April 26, 2007 17

Comparison with General Cargo

Terminal

Quay length 320 m

General Cargo Terminal: 2 berthsThroughput 200,00 ton/yr, A = 5 ha

Containerterminal : 1 berth

Throughput 1 mio ton/yr, A = 20 ha

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

18/26

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

19/26

April 26, 2007 19

Dilemmas

Increase call size vs 24-hrs service time

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

20/26

April 26, 2007 20

Ceres Terminal

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

21/26

April 26, 2007 21

Floating Container Crane

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

22/26

April 26, 2007 22

Dilemmas

Increase call size vs 24-hrs service time

Automated terminals, yes or no?

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

23/26

April 26, 2007 23

AGVs

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

24/26

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

25/26

April 26, 2007 25

Policy shipping companies

Easy change of Port of Call / Stevedore

Dedicated terminals

Reducing Investment Risks, leading to: Shorter pay-back time

Increased flexibility

8/10/2019 Developments in Port Engineering

26/26

April 26, 2007 26

Conclusions

Port infrastructure developments initiated by

developments in shipping Deep-water requirements lead to sharp increase

capital expenditure

Private operators seeks risk reduction and faster returnon investment

Greater functional flexibility and/or reduction of

technical lifetime/costs sought