Dhcp

© 2003, cdaga tech, Inc. All rights reserved. Course acronym #-1

Automating IP Address Assignment


Overview

Overview of DHCP

Installing the DHCP Service

Authorizing the DHCP Service

Creating and Configuring a Scope

Customizing DHCP Functionality

Configuring DHCP in a Routed Network

Supporting DHCP


• Overview of DHCP

Manual vs. Automatic TCP/IP Configuration

DHCP Operation

The DHCP Lease Generation Process

The DHCP Lease Renewal Process

Requirements for DHCP Servers and Clients


Manual vs. Automatic TCP/IP Configuration

Disadvantages

Manual TCP/IP ConfigurationManual TCP/IP ConfigurationManual TCP/IP ConfigurationManual TCP/IP Configuration Automatic TCP/IP ConfigurationAutomatic TCP/IP ConfigurationAutomatic TCP/IP ConfigurationAutomatic TCP/IP Configuration

Advantages

IP addresses entered manually on each client computer

Possibility of entering incorrect or invalid IP address

Incorrect configuration can lead to communication and network problems

Administrative overload on networks where computers are frequently moved

IP addresses are supplied automatically to client computers

Ensures that clients always use correct configuration information

Elimination of common source of network problems

Client configuration updated automatically to reflect changes in network structure


DHCP Operation

IP Address1IP Address2IP Address3

DHCPDHCPDatabaseDatabase

IP Address2

IP Address1

DHCP Client:IP configuration

fromDHCP server

DHCP Server

Non-DHCP Client:static IP

configuration

DHCP Client:IP configuration

from DHCP server


The DHCP Lease Generation Process

DHCP ServersDHCP Client

1111 IP Lease RequestIP Lease Request

3333 IP Lease SelectionIP Lease Selection

2222IP Lease OfferIP Lease Offer

4444IP Lease Acknowledgement

IP Lease Acknowledgement


The DHCP Lease Renewal Process

DHCPREQUESTDHCPREQUESTDHCPREQUESTDHCPREQUEST

Source IP Address = 192.168.0.77Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.108Requested IP Address = 192.168.0.77Hardware Address = 08004....

Source IP Address = 192.168.0.77Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.108Requested IP Address = 192.168.0.77Hardware Address = 08004....

DHCPACKDHCPACK

Source IP Address = 192.168.0.108Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.77Offered IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Client Hardware Address = 08004...Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0Length of Lease = 8 daysServer Identifier = 192.168.0.108DHCP Option: Router = 192.168.0.1

Source IP Address = 192.168.0.108Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.77Offered IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Client Hardware Address = 08004...Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0Length of Lease = 8 daysServer Identifier = 192.168.0.108DHCP Option: Router = 192.168.0.1

DHCP Client DHCP Server



DHCP Server Requirements (Windows 2000 Server)• The DHCP service• Static IP address, subnet mask, default gateway• Range of valid IP addresses

DHCP Clients• Windows 2000 Professional or Windows 2000 Server• Windows NT Server or Workstation 3.51 or later• Windows 95 or Windows 98• Windows for Workgroups 3.11, running TCP/IP- 32• Microsoft Network Client 3.0 for MS-DOS• LAN Manager 2.2c• Non-Microsoft operating systems



Networking Services

To add or remove a component, click the check box. A shaded box means that only part of the component will be installed. To see what’s included in a component, click Details.

Subcomponents of Networking Services:

0.8 MB

Description:

Total disk space required:

Space available on disk:

0.9 MB

912.4 MB

Details...Details...

OK Cancel

Enables a network connected to the Internet to automatically assign a temporary IP address to a host when the host connects to the network.

COM Internet Services Proxy 0.0 MB

Domain Name System (DNS) 0.0 MB

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 0.0 MB

Internet Authentication Service 0.0 MB

QoS Admission Control Service 0.0 MB

Simple TCP/IP Services 0.0 MB

Site Server LDAP Services 1.8 MB



If unauthorized, the service logs an error and will notrespond to clients

If authorized, the service starts properly DHCP Service DHCP Service

Checks For Checks For AuthorizationAuthorization

Clients DHCP Server

Domain Controller/DHCP server

DHCP Server


Lab A: Creating and Authorizing a DHCP Server


• Creating and Configuring a Scope

Overview of Scopes

Using The New Scope Wizard

Configuring a Scope with Options

Customizing the Use of Scope Options

Reserving IP Addresses for Client Computers


Overview of Scopes

ScopeScopeScopeScope

192.168.1.0192.168.1.1192.168.1.2192.168.1.3192.168.1.4

IP Addresses Available for Lease to Client Computers

DHCP Server


Using the New Scope Wizard

You use the New Scope Wizard to:• Configure scope parameters

• Change the default lease duration

• Activate a scope


Configuring a Scope with Options

Scope Options Supported by DHCP Include:• IP Address of a Router

• IP Address of a DNS Server

• DNS Domain Name

• IP Address of a WINS Server

• Type of NetBIOS over TCP/IP Name Resolution


Customizing the Use of Scope Options

Scope OptionsScope Options

Reserved Client LevelReserved Client Level

Server LevelServer Level

Scope LevelScope Level

Class LevelClass Level


Reserving IP Addresses for Client Computers

New Reservation

Provide information for a reserved client.

Reservation name:

IP address:

MAC address:

Description:

Supported types

Both

DHCP only

BOOTP only

Add Close

Stuttgart Server

192 . 168 . 1 . 201

DHCP Reservation for Server

00a024e2b01a


Lab B: Configuring a DHCP Scope



Using Option Classes

Combining Scopes by Using Superscopes

Issuing Multicast Addresses by Using Multicast Scopes


Using Option Classes

Client1

Client2

Client3DHCPServer

Configuration AConfiguration A

Configuration BConfiguration B

Configuration CConfiguration C


Combining Scopes by Using Superscopes

SuperscopeASuperscopeA

Scope1192.168.1.1

192.168.1.254

Scope1192.168.1.1

192.168.1.254

DHCPServer

192.168.1.1192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254192.168.1.254 192.168. 2.1192.168. 2.1 192.168. 2.254192.168. 2.254

Scope2192.168.2.1

192.168.2.254

Scope2192.168.2.1

192.168.2.254


Issuing Multicast Addresses by Using Multicast Scopes

Computer2

Computer3

Computer4

Computer1

MulticastGroup

DHCP Server

Request for Request for Multicast AddressMulticast Address

Request for Request for Multicast AddressMulticast Address

Multicast Multicast Address AssignedAddress AssignedMulticast Multicast Address AssignedAddress Assigned


• Configuring DHCP in a Routed Network

Routed Network Configuration Options

Using a DHCP Relay Agent


Routed Network Configuration Options

DHCP Client

DHCP Client

Non RFCCompliant

RouterRouter RouterRouter

RFCCompliant

Windows 2000 Server

DHCPDHCPRelayRelayAgentAgent

DHCP Server

Broadcast

Broadcast

DHCP Client

Windows 2000 Server

DHCP Client

Non RFCCompliant

RouterRouter

DHCP Server

Router

RFCCompliant


Broadcast

Broadcast

DHCP Client

DHCP Client

Non RFCCompliant

Router

DHCP ServerWindows 2000

Server

DHCPRelayAgent

RouterRouter

RFCCompliant

DHCP Client

DHCP Client

Non RFCCompliant

RouterRouter RouterRouter

RFCCompliant

Windows 2000 Server


DHCP Server


Using a DHCP Relay Agent

Broadcast

Broadcast

DHCP client broadcasts a DHCP message

RouterRouter

Subnet 1

Subnet 2

DHCP relay agent detects the broadcast and sends the message to the DHCP server

DHCP relay agent receives reply from the DCHP server and sends a broadcast

DHCP Client

DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Server

DHCP client receives the broadcast

Broadcast

RouterRouter

Subnet 1

Subnet 2

DHCP Client

DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Server


Supporting DHCP

Monitoring the DHCP Server Service

Troubleshooting DHCP Database Problems

Removing a DHCP Server from Service


Monitoring The DHCP Server Service

When You Enable Logging, the DHCP Server Creates Log Files Called DhcpSrvLog.xxx. The DHCP ServerStores These Files in the DHCP Database Directory

Dhcp

DHCPDatabase

DHCPDatabase

SrvLog


Troubleshooting DHCP Database Problems

DHCPDatabase systemroot\system32\dhcpStoredStoredStoredStored

systemroot\system32\dhcp\backup\jet\newBackupBackup


Removing a DHCP Server from Service

Before Removing a DHCP Server from ServiceBefore Removing a DHCP Server from ServiceBefore Removing a DHCP Server from ServiceBefore Removing a DHCP Server from Service

Set short lease durations for clients

Ensure new lease for clients

Record any reserved addresses

Large address pool in other DHCP servers

Transfer IP address to the new scope


Review

Overview of DHCP




Creating and Configuring a Scope


Supporting DHCP

Documents

Dhcp