Dia05-03 - KeyNote - Russ Fleming

7/26/2019 Dia05-03 - KeyNote - Russ Fleming

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The Worldwide Use of Fire Sprinklers

Russell P. Fleming, P.E.President, National Fire Sprinkler Association (USA)

Managing Director, International Fire Sprinkler Association


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United StatesFire Sprinkler Experience

Sprinklers 96.2-96.5% Effective

Sources: NFPA 1897-1969

and New York Fire Patrol 1969-1979


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Reasons for Unsatisfactory

Sprinkler System Performance(NFPA Statistics)

Closed Valves (1.1-1.9 %)

Partial Protection (0.2-0.3%) Inadequate Water Supply (0.1-0.4%)

Faulty Construction (0.2%)

Other Preventable (0.1-1.2%) Explosion (0.2-0.5%)

External Exposure (0.1%)

Other Nonpreventable or Unknown (0.4%)


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Australian and New Zealand Fire

Sprinkler Experience 1886-

1968

Sprinklers 99.8% Effective

Source: Marryatt, AFPA


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Fire Sprinkler System CapabilityU.S. General Services Administration for Federal Fire Service Act of 1992

An automatic sprinkler system is expected to:

1. Prevent flashover in the room of fire origin2. Limit the fire size to no more than 1 MW, and

3. Prevent flames from leaving the room of origin


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Fire Sprinkler System CapabilityU.S. General Services Administration for Federal Fire Service Act of 1992

An automatic sprinkler system is expected to:

1. Prevent flashover in the room of fire origin

2. Limit the fire size to no more than 1 MW, and

3. Prevent flames from leaving the room of origin

Other than preventing the fire in the first place,there is no other fire protection measure that can

do this.


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Growth in Annual Sprinkler Usage

in the United States and Canada

1975-2000

1

1.4

2.2

2.6

2.9

4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Growth of

SprinklerMarket

Based on

1975 = 1


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.Fire Death Comparisons

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99

Canada

U.S.

U.K.

JapanSweden

Fire Death Rates per Million Population


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Fire Sprinkler Results (1989 -1998 NFPA Data)

Average reduction of civilian fire deaths inspecific occupancies:

Manufacturing 60%

Stores and offices 74%

Health care 75%

Hotels and motels 91%

Average reduction of property loss inspecific occupancies:

Stores and offices 53%

Manufacturing 60%

Health care 66%

Public assembly 70%


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Fire Sprinkler Results

Because U.S. fire statistics only capture

sprinkler usage in fires reported to fire

departments, actual usage of sprinklers (and

therefore reduction in losses) is estimated tobe greater

In general, fire data shows ability of sprinklers

to reduce fire deaths and property loss by at

least one-half to two-thirds

Data indicates ability of sprinklers to reduce

fire deaths in residential occupancies at least

74%


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International FireSprinkler Association

"to promote and enhance the business ofmanufacturing and installing fire sprinkler, water spray

and water mist systems and devices in all buildings,

from homes to high-rise, worldwide, with the highest

degree of competence and professionalism, for thepurpose of saving lives and protecting property.


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IFSA VisionThe International Fire Sprinkler Association will

be the worldwide center for information on

automatic water-based fire suppression systemsand the leader in advancing the widespread use

of such systems.


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IFSA Vision Achieved Through

1. Development of National and RegionalOrganizations to Promote Proper Use of

Fire Sprinklers2. Development of Information Systems to

Protect Product Integrity and IndustryIdentity

3. Delivery of Training and Education

4. Enhancement of Codes, Standards andLegislation


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IFSA Goal 1

Development of National and Regional

Organizations

Goal: To foster the development of national and regional

organizations whose activities would increase the use of

competently installed automatic water-based fire suppression

systems for the purpose of saving lives and protecting property.


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Support of National and Regional Organizations

National Fire Sprinkler Network (UK)

Residential Sprinkler Association (UK)

Sprinklerfrmjandet (Sweden) European Fire Sprinkler Network

Including country managers for Netherlands,France and Germany

SP Technical Research Institute (Sweden) British Automatic Fire Sprinkler Assn (UK)

ABSpk (Brazil)

AMRACI (Mexico)


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IFSA Goal 2Development of Information Systems to Protect

Product Integrity and Industry Identity

Goal: To pursue such efforts and relationships that

promote the widespread distribution of accurate

industry information while protecting the separateand distinct identity of the automatic water-based

fire suppression systems industry.


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Protecting Product Integrity

To protect the excellent record of fire sprinkler

system performance, we must be on guard

against: Counterfeit products

Noncertified products


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Sprinkler Usage by Continent

World Market 1994 = 39.5 million

North America

South America

Europe

Asia

Africa


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Sprinkler Usage by Continent

World Market 2013 = 141.9 million

North America

South America

Europe

Asia

Africa


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U.S. vs. China Sprinkler Usage(estimated in millions)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

China

U.S.


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Product Integrity Concerns

Use of counterfeit or non-certified products in a

fire protection system can compromise the safety

and protection afforded by the system.

To ensure that fire sprinkler systems will continuetheir record of high performance, component

products should be certified by a reputable,

independent certification organization.

Users should confirm that the product isauthorized to have the certification mark, since

counterfeiting is a large and growing problem

within the global marketplace.

22


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Product Certification

Laboratory certifications indicate

product quality

But be aware of the possibility ofcounterfeit certifications


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Sprinkler Performance Requirements

Categories of performance requirements intended to

investigate the ability of sprinklers to provide fire

control or suppression.

Physical Strength and Leakage Tests

Operation Tests

Exposure and Corrosion Tests

Water Flow and Distribution Tests

Fire Tests

24


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Sprinkler Performance RequirementsDozens of individual tests are conducted to ensure that fire

sprinklers will properly operate when needed:

Load on heat responsive element

Strength of heat responsive element

Glass bulb thermal shockHydrocarbon exposure

Antifreeze exposure

Dry sprinkler deposit loading

Dezincification

Stress-corrosion of copper alloy and stainless steel parts

Strength of frame Impact resistance

Rough usage

Operating Temperature (Bath) determine temperature rating

Sensitivity Oven / Room Heat to measure thermal sensitivity

Operation Lodgment to ensure all operating parts clear

Flow Endurance

Leakage

Hydrostatic Strength

Dry sprinkler airtightness

30-day leakage

Water hammer

Vacuum

High temperature

Vibration

Freezing

10-day corrosion

30-day corrosion

90-day moist air

Temperature cycling


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Water Flow and Distribution Tests

Calibration (K-factor determination)

10-pan (Standard Coverage Spray)

16-pan (Standard Coverage Spray)

Horizontal Distribution (StandardCoverage Sidewall)

Horizontal Distribution(Conventional40% to 60% ofwater directed downward)

Vertical and Horizontal Distribution(EC - Extended Coverage for LightHazard Occupancies)

Horizontal Distribution (ECOH -Extended Coverage for OrdinaryHazard Occupancies)

Horizontal and Vertical Distribution(Residential)

Actual Delivered Density (Storage

and ESFREarly SuppressionFast Response Sprinklers)

26



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Fire TestsWater Impingement

ResidentialSimulatedFurniture Package

EC Light Hazard15 kg (33lb.) Wood Crib

Standard SprayLarge 159 kg(350 lb.) Wood Crib

ECOHLarge Wood Crib &

Storage Test ArraysStorageFire Tests InvolvingStored Commodities

27



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Sprinkler sample was exposed to 800C (1470F) for 3 minutes.Sample started melting within 60 seconds.

Deflector (steel), cap

(brass) and loading

screw (steel).

Frame

Dangers of Counterfeit and Non-Certified Sprinklers


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Identifying Non-Certified Products

Is the price of the product substantially lower than the price for

the same product from other sources?

Is the source of the product authorized by the manufacturer to

supply their product?

If a counterfeit is suspected, compare to a known authenticversion to identify any differences in construction and marking.

Many counterfeit products have an aesthetically pleasing finish

(plating or coating) that conceals the use of inferior materials.

Search for public notices issued by certification organizations

or others regarding counterfeit products.If there is the slightest concern regarding the authenticity of a

product, contact the manufacturer or the certifying

organization.

To determine if a product is certified, look for the authorized

certification mark on the product.


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IFSA Goal 3Delivery of Training and Education

Goal: To deliver programs of training and education

that further the efforts of the organization.


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Delivery of Training and Education

Since its founding in 1999, IFSA has supported

training about fire sprinkler systems on six

continents

IFSA was the primaryhost of international fire

sprinkler conferences in

Prague in 2002, Berlin in2004, Lisbon in 2006,

Copenhagen in 2008,

and Panama in 2014


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IFSA Goal 4Enhancement of Codes, Standards andLegislation

Goal: To work with international organizations in

the enhancement of codes, standards and

legislation while serving as a resource for parallellocal and national efforts.


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Codes, Standards and Legislation

IFSA and the organizations it supports regularly work to

increase requirements for sprinklers in hotels, care

facilities, road tunnels, and other high risk occupancies

IFSA maintains liaison with various technical

committees that deal with sprinkler system equipment

quality and promotes the use of hydraulic calculations

IFSA has testified about the effectiveness of firesprinkler systems before legislative groups in several

parts of the world, including Brazil


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Thank You

[email protected]

sprinklerworld.org
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]

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Dia05-03 - KeyNote - Russ Fleming