Diabetes Type I & Type IINursing In-service

Community Health Foundation of ELA, Inc.

Ana H. Corona, RN, BSN

Director of Nursing

March 24, 2002Source ADA

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www.nurseana.com

Over 5 million people in America have diabetes and don’t even know it.

Each day in the United States, 2,200 people are diagnosed with Diabetes

What is Diabetes? Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce

or properly use insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life.

Over time, high blood sugar can damage the heart, arteries, eyes, nerves, and kidneys, leading to serious health problems.

The cause of diabetes is a mystery although both genetics and environmental factors such as obesity and lack of exercise appear to play roles.

Diabetes is a serious disease that can lead to blindness, heart attacks, stroke, kidney failure, amputation, and death.

Diabetes is the 6th leading cause of death by disease in the United States, killing an estimated 180,000 people each year.

Typical forms of Diabetes

Type I: Auto-immune DiseaseBody does not produce insulin Insulin Dependent5-10% of diabetes

Type II: Metabolic DisorderBody unable to produce enough insulinNon-insulin Dependent90-95% of diabetes

GDM 2-5% of all pregnanciesDisappears when pregnancy is overIncrease risk for developing Type II Diabetes

Risk Factors

Over age 45 and older Over weight High blood pressure (140/90) Family history of diabetes History of gestational diabetes

Or had a baby 9 lbs or > at birth Ethnic group: African American, Latino,

American Indian, Asian, American or Pacific Islander

Signs and Symptoms

Extreme thirst Blurry vision Frequent urination Unusual tiredness or drowsiness Unexplained weight loss

Find out if you are at risk:

Take this test and find out if you are at risk for having diabetes.

Individuals in certain ethnic groups including Latino, African American, Native American and Asian are disproportionately affected by diabetes.

Circle answer and add up points

1 Yes No

1. My weight is above that listed in the chart (chart at end of session)

5 0

2. I am under 65 and get little/no exercise

5 0

3. I am between 45 and 64 years of age

5 0

4. I am 65 years of age or older 9 0

5. I had a baby weighting 9 lbs or > at birth

1 0

6. I have a sister or brother with diabetes

1 0

7. I have a parent with diabetes 1 0

Total

If you scored 3-9 points:

You are probably currently at low risk for having diabetes – but you may be a higher risk in the future.

New guidelines recommend everyone age 45 and over should consider being tested for the disease every three years.

People at high risk should consider being tested at a younger age.

High risk

If you scored 10 points or greater Should consider being tested for diabetes

Weight Chart

1HEIGHT WOMEN LBS MEN LBS

4”9 134 ----------

4”10 137 ----------

4”11 140 ----------

5 143 ----------

5”1 146 157

5”2 150 160

5”3 154 162

5”4 157 165

5”5 161 168

5”6 164 172

5”7 168 176

5”9 175 182

5”10 178 186

5”11 182 190

6 194

6”1 199

6”2 203

6”3 209