DIALOGUE ON SKILLS PLANNING

1

Select Committee on Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs

Briefing on Gender and Racial Transformation in South African Higher Education

11 November 2014

• Since Colonial times Black Education in General and African Education in particular has been neglected and ignored. The same for Higher Education.

• However the little gains made prior to the advent of Apartheid was further eroded by Apartheid from 1957 onwards.

• With the introduction of the homelands came the introduction of homeland Education and homeland Higher Education, which while increasing intake, neglected quality altogether.

• 1994 ushered the opportunity of turning around the discrimination of the past.

INTRODUCTION

2

• Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1994-1996)• Education White Paper 1: On Education and Training (1995)• Education White Paper 3: A Programme for the

Transformation of Higher Education (1997)• Report of the Ministerial Committee on transformation and

social cohesion and the elimination of discrimination in South Africa’s public higher education institutions (2008)

• National Development Plan (2012)• Ministerial Oversight committee on Transformation (2013)• White Paper on Post-School Education and Training (2014)

1994 DEMOCRATIC DISPENSATION

3

• In 1993, 52% of the enrolment in universities was Black (African, Coloured and Indian) as compared to 89% of the South African population. By 2012 82% of enrolment in universities was Black.

• The participation rate of Africans increased from 9% in 1993 to 16% in 2012, and of Coloureds from 13% to 14.3 % over this period.

• For Indians it increased from 40% in 1993 to 47.4 % in 2012 and for Whites it decreased from 70% to 54.7%.

• Noting Africans comprised 80% of the population, Coloureds - 9%, Indians - 2% and Whites - 9% in 2012.

PARTICIPATION FROM 1993 TO 2012

4

5

% Percentage Female: 51% Percentage Male: 49%% Percentage Female: 51% Percentage Male: 49%

6

Gross Enrolment in public universities in South Africa (2012 academic year)(Source: DHET; 2012 HEMIS audited data)

Race Gender Population Enrolment GER

African/BlackMale 2084967 272669 13.1Female 2043484 389309 19.1All 4128451 662123 16.0

ColouredMale 206525 22944 11.1Female 205718 35747 17.4All 412243 58692 14.2

Indian/AsianMale 55857 21364 38.2Female 54480 30929 56.8All 110337 52296 47.4

WhiteMale 160091 78060 48.8Female 155569 94591 60.8All 315660 172654 54.7

TotalMale 2507440 398368 15.9Female 2459251 554840 22.6All 4966691 953373 19.2

% Headcount Enrolments 2012

1993 2012

Total enrolment 473 000 938 200GER (20-24) (Target 20%) 17% 19.2%

Blacks (% enrolment) 52% 81%

Women (% enrolment) 43% 58%

Hemis Audited Data (2013)

7

Enrolment 2006 to 2011

8

Race 2006 Enrolment

% of Enrolment

2011 Enrolment

% of Enrolment

2011 Population

% of Population

African 451106 61% 640442 69% 41000938 80%

Coloured 48538 7% 59312 6% 4615401 9%

Indian 54859 7% 54689 6% 1286929 2%

White 184667 25% 177365 19% 4586838 9%

Totals 739170 100% 931808 100% 51490106 100%

CHE 2011 Higher Education Data: Participation

Quality in 2011Success Rate Norm=80%African 71%White 82%

Graduation Rate International Norm=25%African 16%White 22%

Throughput/Drop OutAfrican (3 years) 16%White (3 years) 44%African (6 years) 41%White (6 years) 65%African Dropout 59%White Dropout 35%HESA Presentation PC HET 5 March 2014

9

Academic Staff - Race

10

Academic Staff - Gender

11

Men Women Total White Black Total1994 518 219 737 666 71 737

% 70.30 29.70 100 90.40 9.60 100.00

2000 572 400 972 674 298 972% 58.80 41.20 100 69.30 30.70 100.00

2007 742 529 1271 691 580 1271

% 58.40 41.60 100 54.40 45.60 100.00From: "The Challenges of Transformation in Higher Education Institutions in South Africa, a paper commissioned by the Development Bank of South Africa, April 2010, Saleem Badat

Doctoral Graduates by Race and Gender 1994 - 2007

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

On Academic Staff - Higher Education South Africa (HESA) said to the Portfolio Committee on HET nn 5 March 2014:

19

White Paper on Post-School Education and Training says there has been Progress since 1994 but …..

20

Oversight Committee on Transformation

21

• On 7 August 2014, the Minister of Higher Education and Training released a draft social inclusion policy framework on post-school education and training institutions for public comments.

• This policy is intended to assist public institutions of higher education and training to develop their own social inclusion policies and guidelines.

• This policy will be used to monitor that institutions take transformation priorities into account.

• The policy is being processed for approval by the Minister. • The policy will also include a Charter to be agreed to by all

role-players in the sector.

Social Inclusion Policy

22

Programmes • Foundation Provisioning programmes:

– designed to assist underprepared students to succeed

– R236.6 million to support foundation provisioning in 2014/15

• Teaching and research development Grants: – R609.5 million for Teaching Development – R197.4 million for Research Development– Designed to improve the qualifications of academic

staff and improve teaching quality

23

Staffing South African Universities Framework

• A comprehensive, transformative approach to building capacity and developing future generations of academics.

• The SSAUF takes, as a starting point, the urgent imperative to recruit, support and retain black and female academic staff to address their very serious under-representation at all levels in the sector.

24

SSAUF• the Nurturing Emerging Scholars Programme (NESP) will identify

students who are beginning to demonstrate academic ability at relatively junior levels

• the New Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP) will recruit new academics against carefully designed and balanced equity considerations and in light of the disciplinary areas of greatest need

• the Existing Academics Capacity Enhancement Programme (EACEP) will support the development of existing academics

• the Supplementary Staff Employment Programme (SSEP) will enable universities to recruit specific skills on a needs basis

• the Staffing South Africa’s Universities Development Programme (SSAU-DP) cuts across the core programmes and supports teaching and research development needs in each programme

25

Implementation: Phase 1 in 2015• Phase 1 involves the intake of one cohort of scholars into

the New Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP), and their support over the six years making up the programme.

• The first cohort is planned to comprise 200 nGAP posts.• The target is 85% South African black nGAP scholars

appointed by end June 2015. Priority within this group will be given to black women.

• Future cohort intakes are planned to grow to reach a new intake of 400 per annum.

26

DIALOGUE ON SKILLS PLANNING

27

Thank You