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© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved. Hannover Messe 2014
Innovative Solutions for the Energy Transition Dietmar Retzmann
Siemens Future Forum @ HANNOVER MESSE 2014
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 2 Dietmar Retzmann
1. Introduction
• CO2 Reduction – Green Energy
• Megacities – Security of Supply
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 3 Dietmar Retzmann
Electrical Energy …
… is the backbone of our society – today and in the future.
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 4 Dietmar Retzmann
Greenland Melt-Down – Sustainability, pictures of the future?
Sea-Level Rise from Ice-Melting and thermal Expansion: 1961-2003: +18 +/-5 cm per 100 Years 1993-2003: +31 +/-8 cm per 100 Years Source: Gregory et al., Nature (2004)
Possible Maximum Value as Worst-Case Business-As-Usual Scenario Source: "An End to Global Warming“, L.O. Williams, Elsevier 2002
Accelerated Greenland Melt-Down North of Germany after Sea-Level Rise by 100 m
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 5 Dietmar Retzmann
If Power Flow exceeds the Design Criteria: Blackout
Source: CIGRE Paris Session 2004
Problems only in the synchronously interconnected Systems
Security of Power Supply – HVDC protected Québec
Blackout: a large Area is out of Supply
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 6 Dietmar Retzmann
2. Global trends
… on Power Markets
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 7 Dietmar Retzmann
ENTSO-E’s Ten-Year Network Development Plan
However: Hundred Main Bottlenecks in Europe are expected 2020 TYNDP 2012
Source: www.entsoe.eu
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 8 Dietmar Retzmann
ENTSO-E’s Ten-Year Network Development Plan
Three main drivers: • Offshore Wind • Interconnections to Eastern Europe • Solar Plan – Desertec
Long-term prospects for European DC Supergrid(s)
Grid for offshore wind
Solar plan
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 9 Dietmar Retzmann
Power Transmission Solutions: From Energy Chain to Power Matrix – the Smart Grid with Energy Mix plus HVDC and FACTS
Offshore
Energy Mix
Transmission
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 10 Dietmar Retzmann
Development of Technologies:
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
C
CCA
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CCCACA
“Smart Grid”
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
C
CCA
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CCCACA
GG
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
C
CCA
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CCCACA
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
C
CCA
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CCCACA
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
C
CCA
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CCCACA
GG
GG
GGGG
GG
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
LL
DC
SS
SS
AC
“Super Grid” “Micro Grid”
(autonomous)
Virtual Power Plant
Bulk Power AC/DC Energy Highway Generation
CA =CA = Cell Agent
Cell GG + =SS CCLL+Storage
L
Smart, controlled Loads
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 11 Dietmar Retzmann
3. Transmission Solutions …
… with HVDC & FACTS
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 12 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC “Classic” / ”Bulk” versus HVDC PLUS
~ = =
~
AC Grid 1 AC Grid 2
G ~G ~G ~G ~ DC
HVDC “Classic” HVDC PLUS
Line-Commutated Current-Sourced Converter (LCC / CSC)
Self-Commutated Voltage-Sourced Converter (SCC / VSC)
Thyristors with Turn-on Capability only Semiconducting Switches with Turn-On and Turn-Off Capability, e.g. IGBTs
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 13 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC “Classic” / ”Bulk” versus HVDC PLUS
~ = =
~
AC Grid 1 AC Grid 2
G ~G ~G ~G ~ DC
HVDC “Classic” HVDC PLUS • Thyristors 8 kV – IDC up to 6.25 kA • Up to 10,000 MW @ 800 kV DC OHL • Up to 11,000 MW @ 1,100 kV DC OHL • MI Cable up to 600 kV
• Transistors (IGBT) up to 4.5 kV – IDC ≤ 1.56 kA / 2 kA • Up to 1,000 MW @ 320 kV
(XLPE Cable) – Half Bridge • Up to 2,000 MW @ 500 kV
(OHL / MI Cable) – Full Bridge • XLPE Cable up to +/- 320 kV DC • Trans Bay Cable, USA: 400 MW • 4 x TenneT Offshore: 576 – 864 MW • INELFE, RTE & REE: 2 x 1,000 MW
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 14 Dietmar Retzmann
Australia: Basslink HVDC “Classic” – a combination of DC cables with OHL is cheaper than cable alone
Transition Station: from OHL to Cable
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 15 Dietmar Retzmann
Neptune RTS, USA – DC Submarine Cable Link
World’s 1st
HVDC with 500 kV DC Cable
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2014-04-07 Page 16 Dietmar Retzmann
Neptune RTS, USA HVDC – Station Sayreville
Example of HVDC Classic with 660 MW (2007)
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2014-04-07 Page 17 Dietmar Retzmann
New York – a new HVDC B2B
Example of HVDC Classic with 660 MW (2007)
• Power Exchange and increase stability
• Sharing of reserve capacity
• No increase in short-circuit power
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2014-04-07 Page 18 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC makes Power flow to New York since June 3, 2013 – 6 weeks ahead of schedule
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 19 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USA Security of Supply for San Francisco Area
Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks
Transmission Constraints before TBC after TBC
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2014-04-07 Page 20 Dietmar Retzmann
© Hawkeye Photography
HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USA
Energy project of the year – American Society of Civil Engineers, Region 9, Sacramento, 9th March 2011
P = 400 MW Q = +/- 170-300 MVAr
Dynamic Voltage Support
Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 21 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC PLUS INELFE
Example of HVDC Classic with 660 MW (2007)
• World’s 1st VSC HVDC with 2 x 1,000 MW – each @ VDC = +/- 320 kV
• Cable: XLPE, 65 km
• Customer RTE and REE
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 22 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC PLUS INELFE INELFE – how a 2 x 1,000 MW MMC PLUS HVDC
Station looks like (System 1, North Station – Baixas, France)
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2014-04-07 Page 23 Dietmar Retzmann
4. Efficiency …
… of Power Supply
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 24 Dietmar Retzmann
Voltage-Sourced Converter with Power Modules: Modular Multilevel Converter – MMC
The new solution
HVDC: 200-300 Levels
FACTS: 20 Levels
SVC PLUS: only HF Filtering
HVDC PLUS: no AC Filters required
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 25 Dietmar Retzmann
Full Bridge movie
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2014-04-07 Page 26 Dietmar Retzmann
5. Conclusion
Prospects of AC and DC Smart & Bulk Power Transmission Technologies
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 27 Dietmar Retzmann
HVDC – it makes power flow
• With DC, Overhead Line Losses are typically 30-50% less than with AC
• For Cable Transmission (over 80 km), HVDC is the only Solution
• HVDC can be integrated into the AC System
• HVDC supports AC in Terms of Stability
• DC is a “Firewall” against Cascading
Disturbances
Regenerative PowerRegenerative PowerRegenerative PowerNew Hydro Power Plants
Nuclear: shut-down
„Energy Transition“ in Germany
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 28 Dietmar Retzmann
Thank you for your attention!
© Siemens AG 2014. All rights reserved.
2014-04-07 Page 29 Dietmar Retzmann
Contact
Dietmar Retzmann
Siemens TOP Innovator
E T TS 2 HVDC
Freyeslebenstraße 1
91058 Erlangen
09131-733939