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Portland State University Portland State University PDXScholar PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1971 Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education practices correlated with age and education Cletus Michael Kirkpatrick Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits you. Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Kirkpatrick, Cletus Michael, "Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education" (1971). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1428. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1427 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected].

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Portland State University Portland State University

PDXScholar PDXScholar

Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses

1971

Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Differences in the attitudes of church-attending

Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and

practices correlated with age and education practices correlated with age and education

Cletus Michael Kirkpatrick Portland State University

Follow this and additional works at httpspdxscholarlibrarypdxeduopen_access_etds

Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons Comparative Methodologies and Theories

Commons and the Religious Thought Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons

Let us know how access to this document benefits you

Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Kirkpatrick Cletus Michael Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education (1971) Dissertations and Theses Paper 1428 httpsdoiorg1015760etd1427

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible pdxscholarpdxedu

AN ABSTRACT Of THE THESIS Of Cletus Michael Kirkpatrick for the

Master of Science in Psychology presented May 3 1971

Title Differences in the Attitudes of Church-attending Catholics

toward Changes in Religious Beliefs and Practices Correlated

with Age and Education

APPROVED BY MEMBERS Of THE THESIS COmmITTEE

A field survey was conducted to investigate differences in

attitudee toward religious changes in a population of church-going

Roman Catholics An attitude scale comprising twenty items referring

to changes in the Catholic Church was prepared during pilot studies

Half of the items referred to changes already occurring and half

to proposed or possible future changes The attitude scale was

adminietered to a sample of parishes in the Roman Catholic diocese of

Baker Oregon It was administered during regular Sunday services to

take advantage of the saliency affect of group membership

A responee to an item of the scale indicating the subjects

agreement with the change was operationally defined as a liberal

2

response A response indicating disagreement with change was

considered a conservative response It was hypothesized that churchshy

going Catholics would be more liberal or accepting of changes already

instituted in the Church than they would be of merely possible changes

The results supported this hypothesis

Total scores on the scale were correlated with the age and

education of the respondents The results support the hypothesis that

attitudes toward religious changes covary with age and education much

like other social attitudes as the younger and more educated

respondents showed more liberalism or acceptance of change than did

older and less educated respondents

A detailed analysis of several items shows a wide divergence

between parishoners attitudes and ecclesiastical dogma The results

of the research also indicate that in the population surveyed there

was a great deal of intragroup variation in attitudes toward religious

changes

DIFPUDCU II 1lC ATTI18O OF Qtatm CATItOLICI TOU atbullbull_ II KLIIUUI IILII AID

MAeTlca CGMIUTD WI1M AlE AID EDUCATJ

tIy

CLETUS ICUlL IIIIMTlICK

bull ut 1n ua1 u111~ Ute ~_ oe v at

ltuiand Uft1venlty 1111

bull rIel or IUDUAlt 111

be n t the c-s_ the ___i bull

C1e- Illttaeal Kllkpatl_ 1bullbull- y I 11bull

y S 11

I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

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_ the 1 ton

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bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

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It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

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t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

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1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

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til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

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VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

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U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

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__ _ tUw eM _ U of

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1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

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aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

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lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

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1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

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II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

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HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

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__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

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Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

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1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

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LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

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(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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AN ABSTRACT Of THE THESIS Of Cletus Michael Kirkpatrick for the

Master of Science in Psychology presented May 3 1971

Title Differences in the Attitudes of Church-attending Catholics

toward Changes in Religious Beliefs and Practices Correlated

with Age and Education

APPROVED BY MEMBERS Of THE THESIS COmmITTEE

A field survey was conducted to investigate differences in

attitudee toward religious changes in a population of church-going

Roman Catholics An attitude scale comprising twenty items referring

to changes in the Catholic Church was prepared during pilot studies

Half of the items referred to changes already occurring and half

to proposed or possible future changes The attitude scale was

adminietered to a sample of parishes in the Roman Catholic diocese of

Baker Oregon It was administered during regular Sunday services to

take advantage of the saliency affect of group membership

A responee to an item of the scale indicating the subjects

agreement with the change was operationally defined as a liberal

2

response A response indicating disagreement with change was

considered a conservative response It was hypothesized that churchshy

going Catholics would be more liberal or accepting of changes already

instituted in the Church than they would be of merely possible changes

The results supported this hypothesis

Total scores on the scale were correlated with the age and

education of the respondents The results support the hypothesis that

attitudes toward religious changes covary with age and education much

like other social attitudes as the younger and more educated

respondents showed more liberalism or acceptance of change than did

older and less educated respondents

A detailed analysis of several items shows a wide divergence

between parishoners attitudes and ecclesiastical dogma The results

of the research also indicate that in the population surveyed there

was a great deal of intragroup variation in attitudes toward religious

changes

DIFPUDCU II 1lC ATTI18O OF Qtatm CATItOLICI TOU atbullbull_ II KLIIUUI IILII AID

MAeTlca CGMIUTD WI1M AlE AID EDUCATJ

tIy

CLETUS ICUlL IIIIMTlICK

bull ut 1n ua1 u111~ Ute ~_ oe v at

ltuiand Uft1venlty 1111

bull rIel or IUDUAlt 111

be n t the c-s_ the ___i bull

C1e- Illttaeal Kllkpatl_ 1bullbull- y I 11bull

y S 11

I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

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to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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2

response A response indicating disagreement with change was

considered a conservative response It was hypothesized that churchshy

going Catholics would be more liberal or accepting of changes already

instituted in the Church than they would be of merely possible changes

The results supported this hypothesis

Total scores on the scale were correlated with the age and

education of the respondents The results support the hypothesis that

attitudes toward religious changes covary with age and education much

like other social attitudes as the younger and more educated

respondents showed more liberalism or acceptance of change than did

older and less educated respondents

A detailed analysis of several items shows a wide divergence

between parishoners attitudes and ecclesiastical dogma The results

of the research also indicate that in the population surveyed there

was a great deal of intragroup variation in attitudes toward religious

changes

DIFPUDCU II 1lC ATTI18O OF Qtatm CATItOLICI TOU atbullbull_ II KLIIUUI IILII AID

MAeTlca CGMIUTD WI1M AlE AID EDUCATJ

tIy

CLETUS ICUlL IIIIMTlICK

bull ut 1n ua1 u111~ Ute ~_ oe v at

ltuiand Uft1venlty 1111

bull rIel or IUDUAlt 111

be n t the c-s_ the ___i bull

C1e- Illttaeal Kllkpatl_ 1bullbull- y I 11bull

y S 11

I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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DIFPUDCU II 1lC ATTI18O OF Qtatm CATItOLICI TOU atbullbull_ II KLIIUUI IILII AID

MAeTlca CGMIUTD WI1M AlE AID EDUCATJ

tIy

CLETUS ICUlL IIIIMTlICK

bull ut 1n ua1 u111~ Ute ~_ oe v at

ltuiand Uft1venlty 1111

bull rIel or IUDUAlt 111

be n t the c-s_ the ___i bull

C1e- Illttaeal Kllkpatl_ 1bullbull- y I 11bull

y S 11

I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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bull rIel or IUDUAlt 111

be n t the c-s_ the ___i bull

C1e- Illttaeal Kllkpatl_ 1bullbull- y I 11bull

y S 11

I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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I IIIa ItJR

I _ bull wi u I bullbullbullbullbull 1111

11 at 1

1_ tda aw at til

I ~ bull 1 lIRa 0 aIIMl

lat r Itd _ JII lr UWt1 _ the

111bullbull11 _ h I bullbullbullbull IAi I bullbull _ -

1Itampa or 1- _ bullIU __I

M __ U_ _s _ ~ I

s_

er a 1 u

TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

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to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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TABLE or CONTENTS

AaclOlL[IIiI[ITS middot 111

LIST or TAIL[S

LIST OF ncLlft[s

middot middot

bull bull bull bull

bull bull middot

vll

atAPT[R

J IlTftOOUCTIOI bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot 1

ll111u Attltwdbullbull end General Attltud Rbullbullbullbullrch bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull middot

Soclal Rl1g1ou Atltud middot middot 6

A nd Eduction 1ft Socl1 nd Rlilau Attltud bull bull bull bull middot middot I

G-nl ChanctrlUce or the Pftftt Study bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 12

Sallancy 15

II PROCEDURE bullbullbull bull

-thod -Pal

bull

I

bull bull bull

bull bull

17

17

Scal eontructloft rl1 Flld Tbullbullt

_thode - Part II middot S_JctpoundlMntA nd tduatlona1 Lvel

bull bull bull bull bull bull bullbullbull bull bull bull bull bull bull

v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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v

QlAPTER PAGE

III RESULTS bull bull bull bull bull 26

Csnsrl Rsult bull 26

Sa Individual It bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 31

IV DISCUSSION AND IIPLICATION5 bull bull bull 38

Canerl Dicusion 38

Discubullbullion or Saa Individual It bull 41

Furthr Rbullbullbullbullrch Pobullbullibiliti bull bull 47

REFERENCES APPtIOIX S2

LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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LIST Of TABLES

TABLE PAGE

I Nuber or Reepondent in Each Age end EdUcational

Group and Group Ian an Attitude Scale bull bull bull bull bull 27

LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

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to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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LIST or FlClIIES

fIGURE PAGE

1

2

bull So an the ttl~ eaal or the rou eIItIatlone1 1 bullbullbulll plotd nat Th hilhel the 0 the 8Oal the 1111 0 bull 0cU 0 c 1 the Int bull bull bull bull bull bull

bull eaol_ 8ft the tUtudbullbullaal 0 the thlH lnup plotted _lnat duoaUOMl 1 Th hilhel the eoOI the eaal the _1 111bullbull181 1 colng 0 ohang 1 the Ieepondent bull bull bull bull bull bull

2

middot3

bullbull

Th PIC_tag In eh llOUP 1 wlh itbullbull 6 It_ 6 D1ve~lllad Catholl0 ahauld II peao1tad to eelbullbull thbullbullbulleent (01811) C-n1an) bullbullbull though thleoond _ITI 1 lalld oconll to ftOaal Und Th plo In eaoh IOUII dl_l with It_ 11 It_ 11 P l bullbulltbullbullhauld t all g ~y bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull

32

I Th pn 1ft MOh lroup di_l_l1 wi th It_ 13 It_ 13 I t It all_ad to bec_ l bullbullt bull bull 35

6 Th pen In HOh I d111 with It 16 It 16 To be bull CathoUc l 1 neee) to lft M) 0 MUlel81 b1 th a8ftt~l d10 and the IIllth GontlDl pill 36

ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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ItmlllUCflM

In tIttt middoteWbull _ bullbullbull bullbull1

u _ __

a Itt bullbullW _ 11 __

_ the 1 ton

_ tUmiddot _ aM Je _

_ - ut aamp1 MUt le 1 bull _ _ or th_

lIIIUbullbullbulllate lit 1 101) (Aun lnt)

_to at Itud I __a _tal bull

at to 11 1_ 1 t p2ftt bullbull flW ~_

-tin tt a in tet _t -1Wt __ bullbull__ ttte rat w 1 aftu_ ttl

bull tuel tIuIt de _ bullbullbull1 IalUty _tltllly

Al_1NIh l ~ed ltodbullbullUy bullbullbull 80M _ -

11111_1 Mil 0 rUn the i

11y i Itbull wo UftUl pnt tMN 11

Id u ptibullbull 1_

etu -1_tl 1_

bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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bull albullbullbullbulll t lIeU Irw UtIbull

bullbullbulltlll __ U 111 th

bull WIll_ tU-

1tda w UIIII ln cal __ ttl _

lalU_ at u _ t I I All (1m) Ja _ u -u ~ or t taed

11uaebull dllUI dbull tftflvtrMe

he iMl_JAIlUaltbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull til u e1Uu_ 11th WdOh

It 11 18 bull Knoh tNnald (INa) lft Utat

bull _ 11MaUM r _UU_l --1 1 1M tilt

t lIIIU~ ~1tt lau MIl lteut (lftl) 1111

UuIita iMSVSlbullbullbullbull _ 0 bullbull1

WU_ UQ _ 0- tueu_u_

tWe JIIIIn en stu to Id a

bull _ -ta _ ial ~ bullbullbullbullbullbull tifta bullbulla_

_to 1 ua1e dla1IIIU1ahad an attltuda tJb111h la bull hbull uul _to to

_ bullbull _ a w __ a el III n t _ ~

U 1e lie _ n -i__u at V

1amplJIII (K-a JIIWa ampaU 1n3)

he ~ 111 _

-1 __ atut at

I

11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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11 bullbullbull I fet nbullbull_

II

u -lbullbullbullM r -J wltIlt

elf tda llUtat fila Ie IIIIlI

t_ at tU 1IIVal err 1Ml

JllllaUt lit fit

til u s lie JupUr _ IIOUDM (C aM 1) bull

11 eM bullbullbullbull _Wi ubull alIA fI Ju u a-l_ shy

ilr aM _

-u A _ bullbullbullbull1_ It __ bullbullbull1amp811 wetul ampIt

VltaU MIl lte at

bullbull1_ 1bullbull11

bull IIllAl a (I 111 1110)

1 Ie aW tile

1 ia at I 1_ f1da u 1 nl bullbull

_- til __

0IIIIIlIInalIbullbull MIl s 1ha __ _ _ tie

u _ nbullbull Ia -1_ ubullbull A 11 or nu 9IPbullbullbullbullbull (1amp

CIIIII_ IIIUbullbull lMt) Ia _ __

_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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_deaau __-1M tile

U The ---11bullbull (Iaa tetlllnd lilt) tMt

at tievttlIIp - 1tha1

gaala 1bullbullbullUtudu 1~ 1ft the rarnie 4M1wWual __bull Ttda II ~ u of

__ _ tUw eM _ U of

at Uudee 1 11) tha eft ri 1e

___ iftdlvll ___a at tNt

TIMt _ttude en Uta iMlitIual

1 U ellbull tie the bull of etU 18

1 Ut lMtpl a ana ( 1

15) The _1ft th_ -1 bullbull

aA _ bull -__1tue- u 1

bullbullUw reI thw l

n an 1 ~ Ia lead1lll

U_ A _1 0 a-U- Me

aM _ftllld _t ubullbull 0 la pmubullbull -IY Inall the ea_ I

pp t01 I itt ~

__ by _ ttovlMd hi _n_ ( bull 1M - albullbull

lt53r CaU 1915) at the -JR liN of ttt1

vi Jt 1bullbullt1ault ti oonolta_ the le

-bull bull t 1bullbulltlan t __iII_ VI pnMl_bullbull and

explaMt1_ ft 11 olotJ 0 lD1l1ft1111

1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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1111 bullbull 1 heIa1 r__18a UtI Ift 0 lat

to 1eIII1d

the WId or -111bullbullbullu __ 1 ptIItl_

111 the tude rbullbull 1fIIIk bull III a_ aeo1a1 _au hlJtl-~= 111

_ 1 bull the flbullbullr nJJt1-

_ MU 1au ~ ( 1)

-- aitua __

bullbullbull -r alettbullbull II -lJt1- va bullbullbullbullbull __ Dr u u uuaa1l ~d-eltllale _ 1a 11 -e 1 bullbull11 the ala or u u _lta bullbull_J IIM _la pa___ or __ foaaula bull-__ v ___ bull lIMn tIItlr at _1ftIau aUl I the ar a or u bullbullUll _ft 1l1libull -uu at _ _-1 -1 bull hytHlttt or -l _upI (P 1M)bull

ttl-- _ to

~ Ute _ or ttta tete _ bullbull to J_ hie 1J1IeIt _

_al fJI 1Ih1lta 1An__ tAl

IU v 1aM_ IIUIIIh _ 1111- _all _

1 ~ 1 - bull Ja r _douD 1i1i1_ Iheu1II

bullbullbull__ v_ ta 1 nlJtiauebull t

lWllaa __ un_u U eualr bullbullbull lie

an W ft uuu 1 _Jaw 1

6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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6

It IICIM _ ani

ltw _lal u 111 bull _hibull

1Una n -1 in --

an 11 _Uett __ __tIht_ help in

bull 1 bullbullbull- ll _til la

II) 1 _ wl tit - n toIMJ -lC _

w lad _ u_ 1 alwaUaa

HI __1 _ II aU Ut1e _lt1l -uti- tIM __ Ult

~ (1dI_ al HIO)

A f _ ttlw

bull bullbull11 __ _ bullbull1

_ __ Itl I ttthl bullbull laW

) Ie bullbull -Jitle-

__1 te_ bull til -11tshy

sa re aU 1M n IIAe

u _ IRI y1_ 1 dt

_ u uaa la 1Id

- fit _

_ til at all u 8 _ 1 om - altieal or N _ bullbullbullbull

1a te t u dI ult1thlR

1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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1

Chdau ehunh _1 Ja u III a

1 bullbullbullbull-iftI tU 1M _t-iaUu 1IIel11111-- U_ aN lautt

trr the 11111 1 - n Aibullbull1 I _ aM

___ Ie tit _ ua ~ u pea

_11fbullbullbull bull __ 111 al 111 at bull

auv It 1e aU- _111

~ _ aw (1M2) bullbullad

-1 ~pat 11-_ _ 1ft ill tuIIy

__Ill

1MIebullbull_ wi _ -181 __ ~

Ie - 1IlUtl shy

Ute 1bull a __ I bullbullbull __ at au_ TIlle Itt_ ul us -

ua _ 11111 ur a lipid -_ 1 _ at I ~ 1

1 _ _~ __0 I aM 11bullbull 1ft

_ly Qdha110 a UICt1y 1a Utleal

bull -uu vUt1aJ I 170 _ Ute

or -l U bullbulllee Ud

LE bullbull1_ _ U rabull

bull U-1 1II8llUea1 er ct _

UU_ the _ t _ -urbull the _ -111 tit 1aU_ C1 U _

_ t~ ia bull hiuU

bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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bull

bull Dull (1169) bullbullbull_ - _

_ _ the -l canebullbull - 1IIdel ~ JaIl

Slshy Uv _ cut_

I Ia bullbullbull VI2I1 _W N ___ bullbullPAI II 1IItJ_1 11_ IUln Iot _ the 1 tINt IIbull rat bullt _u-l 4SU bull _ bull bullbullbullbullbullft41 fII ~ bullbullbull1 bull _ill bullbullrlbullbullbull _tAlA hili III 1amp vbulla C _ra _ cu II h tide al ello bullbull bull bullbullbull jteUMI 1etIlM r I - _ul1 ad cttU 1 _ _ lJaI lUAlMll C_ (p 1ft)bull

__ _ fit ff1Au1 Alll

u t _ _ _ _al_

lIa It cttUa _ ~

efl bull cl ttlbull bull u _ fII _ __ It in the Ill CI IDlnR cau _ II __ _ __ ea __ -- 1lIeU WtHU P _ 1 of llllUat Ute III _ tile - _ u u bullbullbullbull1__ u tIIua la of u _ _Ie itt aubull u bull bullbullUb tltSe bullbull w M I11 _ _ el__U rashyt cbullbull)

- t 01 cau or wth ell tIltII tit -tal

u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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u I ___ ampeIl- bullbullbullbullbull bull ft _ _ Ute bullbullbullIal ttI

(ItO) _It_ tit _ r bull u-

_ cata1kl_ r ial MI l _ __

the rena or ur 1tl-1 _

T UftCu_ lflaftUFlU etMlf can atullito -1) tIMlla ttt _Dla _ by ttta 11bull 1M cUrt t 1a DaU ft _atoleMl au_ II bU _tbu athbull a at middotU _ Ubullbullbull 111-1 til I bull-1tva ta hn 1_- t bull aun do __tuft fII Cetttel181aabull _ tlly 0middot the ctftaU Ctt la 1M 1ft bullbull ftde ot ita U1_ fillbull ua n Cabullbulllie Qwnb _ _Ub peUUal JIIln _ Will ___ CeHmiddot _ teI laUMII aybull pl 1 U ashy Ja ur ianbullbullbullIf rau w the ne lob -Uti- I bull oul ala _ uu lewd_ Ie raew De tha btalp Uu Cathell Jtlursu_ t _ __

__ Catllelt8 cma UIceU

ttw_ rabullbullbull bullbullbullbullbull 1Me 1 _

Ie tlOftll Jaftmiddot the at-Ullft ( 101) bull

1lU ca1 a the 11 U IIIIlAIW

ala1ll alUlauF _ _I-a ) 1Ml1Md lWI

III MD dUCATI lit IICIIL AlIt) 1EUtIIbullbull A1fmtlll

a t __ 1 - --Uta- bullbull nlaUaattip t at

_ law_uaa _th nU 1a

ta ~ wiUl It I -JHUve aeoid lie

raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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raquo -It _ MtatRl W _ at __

~ or 11111- leU 1

lIeUs- -- nUt1- - shy

1dta1 bullbull Ue MIl _tal 11

tftalel1ll - F title ___ 111 laWaet w ~_ tile ulllltlbull U_ till _

eU ~t u _ bullbullbullbullt __ _lal

-- -~

_a u _ 1Iut lute aU_ a _ U_

la _ bullbullbullbull181 _deIaIa fa Ute ~ __

Ie aU fit - Uta AU 111 til

u u _ bullm aM _

ampII II UtI

y Ie lNIl-a

wiU _ It 1 _uti 1111)

Cl1 (UII) t __ ta ll I li11

thH 11111 lie middotmiddot1Atl__d to bullbullbullbull tl1a poUUl

11 01_ he II III tIda Ie

bull u bullbullbullbull II c (INI)

tIIebull -J ~

11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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11

tlaat sa iM W II

-a ampttl- JIl eWebull

- 1_ 1 Ja U 11 aItI

pbullbullle de 1 s err _ 1_ ~bullbull 1913)

11debullbull __ bullbullbullbull t bull u at 11 ca lSI)bull

1 (1111) bullbullbullbullbullbull 11_ t -

bullbullbullbulld _ JJItInl Ja nI bull U _ fI 7bulla

t -1 1a W

1lt III8UtI a thbull bullbullbullbullbull_ l Utbullbull la tile

_ ell_ a bull

-1 u aU_ 1 ltIUeillue WIr u- Ja catM1te

CItunIl

Sa d_ eampwlUaau __ lit u 1 lie 81-1 a1 -leu or VI_ bull ill Ul It all

u un _ --_ at peUUea1 aal shy

_ It __bull tun eM W tilbullbullbullbullbull1111

(It11) -- 1At 1

tha _ dl_ h ru~

tel - I bullbullW fit __

u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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u wa pauJa _ It hie _ til

ISbullbull M- IeIIa_ lila

u III _ titbullbull I __ lIIdllen __Us 1M

Uu uftly

n Ie __ t bull ve _taU_

~ Uu Jft _ UIl-- tll_ staa-k

(12) ntlltl-- tU wan tvu at u ft bull _ b (1_) MIl

n ttl II Clatholad u _ bullbull t-- II -u-1 lawIl u_ Uvel

I 1a t tha 0 nllp_ nU

u1 dlffteu1U te A 11 ft th (0_ 1) bullbullu 111 Ie __

briefl til ~ lda flit ___bull leUtlshy

1 na _11bull lite -lUUet r NI1t1_ bull

to dudI dt18u1t ~

(1161) u _DUlti Ita atudl_ w tile bull -l1 _u lIIdr

- tudy ill _tit nil tIel1i the eue__

tlltIII he t IP hi theeI) atItJ1_ liIIDe

tn 1e bull _ CIIthell pleat 11a

_ cathoU___ 11 a teHt ta _ bull

tatuUbullbullshy tl the dbullbulld bull 11_

-tdaI It 1n the __ poundIIhU Ounh hila

13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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13

Th v~iabl 0 age nd duction w~ chobullbulln bullbull th 0 pa~ticulu int~bullbullt Th popultion ra whioh the bullbullpl in the

p~bullbulllIftt tudy i dnwn oonit 0 -11 parthbullbull d bullbulloh paih

contin popl 0 11 age and ductional lvlbullbullinc the~ i only

on p~ih in ach loction Thue th~ i no pobullbullibi1ity 0 peop1

g on duotional 1vl o~ ag lvl wo~hipp1ng and int~acting bullbull

bull bullbullprat ~l1g1au group The popultiDn thu to bbullbull auitabl

on in which to t bullbullt the hypathbullbulli that ligioubullbullttitudbullbull v~y w1th

age nd duction

sbullbullbulltudibullbullbull~ piW only t givn ta Stau~middot (1955)

tudy 0 cCa~thyi_ and r ting~ Rick and Sohchw (156)

tudy 0 ~ligiou c~ii could only b dona t tibullbullbull when the ph_

to b invbullbullt1gtd o~ed t~bullbulllvaa to the ob~v Today tu~o11

ov~ changbullbull in the II Ctho1ic C~ch to o~ thi typo

oppo~tun1ty to the pnt ~bullbullbullbull~ch~ Chang i the tt~ 0 g~t bullbullt

concm in the Catholic Chu~ch t pnt Ctwt will b optionally

dfined ro~ the pu~_ 0 thi invbullbulltigtion bullbull any a1t~1ng or beli

o~ practic aong catholic that ha takn p1c 1n the pbullbullt t ty

ybullbull~ o~ i bullbullted o~ the o~bullbullabl utu~bullbull

Sinc the ch taking plac CDv~ Mfty pha bullbullbull 0 Ctho1ic li

it bullbull conaided pobullbulliIl1 to contNct bullbullcal 0 it ~latd to

thbullbullbull changbullbull and uabullbull p~aanbullbullco~ on thibullbullca1 indicto~

0 hibullbullttitudbullbull t ~ thbullbullbull chang ro~ the pu~pobullbullbull 0 thibullbulltudy

bull 1ib1 w optiona11y dined on who avo~bullbull chang and bull

contrvat1vbullbullbull on who oppobullbullbull chang The 1ib~-conbullbullrvativ

continuUII i otn on wed in rligioubullbullttitud r~ch (Ii 1965)

and i bull ci11y lIPP~opdtbullbullinc HUg10n i l1y conid~d

10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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10

a conaarativa oc1al forc aut thi 1 not ly true and religiau

backing 1 otten g1 to libeNl and rad1cal c_d 01 udl chWlO

It bullbullbull conaldarad of pnctieal nd theoretical intet to dtlII1 if

hatarogenalty 0 ttltuda toward elliou obJact exlted in ordinay

0DnOrtion corying IIlth ag and aducation If 0 thi would

relat ralilau attitud to thobullbull ound In other ar Of nuan 11a

n i thue the nl pua 0 hibullbulltucly to clIPitaU tha

preat crl1bullbull c~a -thln tha ~n Clic Church and data~e

i l1011U attituda do ind vary in ralation to a MCI acIuoaUon

It cana1drecl d bullbulllr~a to hold tha dr 0 raliiaue

ailiation and Uta Ie actor abullbullttlltl _ pbullbulllItl to teat I htl that th i ariatl wi thl -snaU_l popu1aU

Thi 1 accaplihad ~y bullbull1otlng a population or retUlarly churchmiddot

ttandlng Catholic Peopl 0- labal t~lea a Catholic --Ply

baaauaa c1a pau or ~cauaa 0 tradltiGMl aaeealaUo

thll aa11y with the Cathollc Church IUGh aUlatiM eM haldly ~

acceptllCl aa a I_t or tlUlt Church rattl 1 aac-Rc or

Cathollc bal1e and pneUo To 1M IU chaol a ehch l

population cannot takn pr 0 the Ject t or

MIL llut it at l_t ur that lUI 1 are 1ft touch

wi th the c occurring 1ft the Cahl1c Church and hat Utaa e

have _ io OIl ir liv d hence ar 1 u tIt_ at l bullbullt

In aft aanae 0 the te

statiUoaUy lJlllti the populatlon tie chWoh-attandera do

rave or tII vari_l11y that would ~ lUnd it he papulation

1 del a oiU 0 anyone who Oh the lallNtl 0 Catholic lut thibullbullWely 1 not ifttareatad ln rl1iy t attitud_

11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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11

that lie u 11middot lIIIIk 1M

th4I It _ 1t1a M

IIau _11 VII1yent11 al n

__ UM fill bullbullbullbullbull

the of bullbullbull __ a_ _ _VtI u 1a _ _

_ catMUe JU1l1 till _ t_

aW

I MLlIICf

uu ta tuIIy abe r_ fit

at _II bull lell Ill It e

_u leila (1_)bull

bull Ii bullbullbullbull -- e __ IIUl 1bullbulltI iAtt bullbullbull __ (II Ia) ruu I Ill bullbullbull JMiwitlual _1 IdbullbullIt _ (p_

bull tud1 ell _ fill

1 bullbull11 _ IIIIB leU (I)

bull tuIIy 1 thU Cdtu_

thtIl ~ 1UaUea _ 1 __ de u_ bull cw (1 lis n_tat_ bull _ ~I

11 bullbull_tIbull N lieU __ t ad_ ia

U _ of the - cathu 1

-al t -u vI -1c1aI

t I bullbull 111 Itt cau poundMacIft lleDt tItle

~ d t h1e a1_

16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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16

-- 1 __ lIeUa tha bullbullbullbullbull will lie

ale __ _ ____

Iel and 1~eto (1965) elM PDIt that Ute gnup lp

or the ilMnt Mould be ken lA_ 1ft _~tude ah

They ehawed tha JMta ~ to lawft ~ bullbullPI bull

(bullbulltal deairab111ty) and L (Ua) _1_ heR ttlbullbullI1-nt_ a

cauouc 1t traquo MAtIld ~lt bullbull IMotOh then he

la Accen1ng It thia tudy - adaln1aU 0 h tna~t

by a 11_t -ould both helIt iM thbullbullaUaldl1ty h

8IIIt CllDUiINt______in U u_ IIh1I1

CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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CMAmlll

I Il1MODI - HIT 1

ml f It shyThe ~ 11 aU lie ounlRM 1

~ bullbull ___ ~ 1 -la 1ft the pu 111 nMlv _ Me

tutu bullu _ an1 will he

at h _ Al1_ Ml (1161) __ tn

u lilt nUU __ 1_ bull

a1 _ uu u - _v - - The pUM n bullbullbull _ PllMI11

s- 1 __ 1eWM _we ca

wI Uu_ _

at bullbullbullbullbullbull

lle bullbullbullntt bullbull W leW bull _ _ _

1___Uwa1 bullbullbullbullbullbull 1 he 1eahtaJ Uta __~

-Uuel bullbull_1 1 All 1 bull

111bullbull1 an MIa In ie

- Catlu cane 1ft U

1ft to W

_ t at u_ _ at u

11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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11

mal tN _a AU tile

1 1ft thla e bull u bullt - tba or the

u __ fit 1Mt At Ut U the lUI t JuI n - hit dl__ ( lN1) 1111_

tnIlllllllJe _ alAe _tIl tWI 1ft dIdIIt

Ill 1 hi

W m they fit _t ~

u-au_ TN_ _ 101

I 1INUMd ampb _Ill II pel _U

_111 ~_ -1 _ In

he u- __ 1 ampII

- A 11_ the - _ 1 11 III _ h

- aa he

1 bPl _ u

lftIIIII fA ple

V cal __ - tutu 01

1IIdamp rtan tie bullbull or CltNl_ 1ft

bullbullbullbullM MUM --_

It _ bullbullbullbullbull ta _ 1Ile ull 1111

_til the 1 11 1ft eteh

U tMIlftIII Illcuit 81th

IIltly U lhatl bull ___ IIJ he r

I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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I bull

a hen tid u tNnr

1- - dun __ _

-

Cathllll or al 1tIheIt 11 II -r shy_111M lap _ne

Oft hi 1 _1M _

1M 18 - _t __ lI1ruu

IIlll-Mlr nNaU h Md _ bullbullbull round to be _

(eo ~ ta _ NUl) eh

bull -Ill - - - r --t thin 1- 1111 rtl1 r he _

to 0 wil Nt U uat11

_ Ie ~ th_ hln _ _ u-I tdth bull WhIt to ttl l _ iii

1Ml 1 Chunh 18tV111 hbullbullbull_ All he 1_ eleaed -s Iftla In V h cU eW

Oft bull - II1Iu1al r

bullUIIy or -- 1_ (1 3 I _ 20T I lI 1bullbull 16 17 II

I nrua) ntUhIIII u bIlinl ~ - CUMll

Chunh The IIhu (It 1 It 6bullbullt 10 U U II I)

to ttl I bullbull tal cell

Chi_ hi 1-middot plaeed -l8JIea w tbu

10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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10

_ - tiN

11bullbull1 a _ _ _- n () -1 tie _ bull 11

______hi bullbullbullbullbull _hi all__ JaI bull

_ nt (au tNII C

__ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullat _ taIIlil

I eu nbullbull Ml ___

a - Ilut - _ tMN JM1 _ and

-1 til ~ - bull I shy

abullbull IIM UIIt til h

rbullbull bullbull IIbullbull

I ___ 1II1et WIIl _ it_ -l nI

IIu 11 III - tN 11

_ al W I ilia Nt SIal M

ltI -d 1D Ud at au _

-111 s UIuIl _ lie autleWl 1M MUM

bull bullbullbull 1_ - _

_ at AU 1ft 1 of -

U _ ~ _tal petntSamp1 _

_ W ~bullbulld plPi_ in

tN Nel fit ~ he caubullbull n bullbullbull11 the 1M th _

t21 L ~ fMM - w_ fit (1) bullbullau _

21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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21

itbout chng to p~t good dicrilnatlon alone the liberalshy

conervativ continuua ror pl In the rea or clrical dieiplinbull

ny Catholic ar eoncrnd with the prbullbullbullnt harta9 or clr9Y In

Catholic prih Thi uaually ratbullbullbull the quatian at clarical

clibcy Three it (2 11 and 15) perltt the rbullbullpondant to

diacrilnate bull 11ttle In 111 attitude toward hi tutUI ching Ite

11 bullbullrly ak it the chang to rrid clrlY 1bullbullIreable to the

rbullbullpendant It 2 bullbullk ir bull r bullbullpondnt thinka thi chang would rbullbullu1t

in lood bullbullrvic to peepl It 15 ineerpotbullbull the bullbullt rrquant

oent in the rirt two pilot tudibullbull whioh iapUbullbull tht thi chang

to nld clrgy llight raul t in battr bullbullrvic baerried

clrgy would hv bttr inaight into rly lir It i rbl to

ua tht bull preon ight ccapt bull chang to bull nid olrlY van

though bdobullbull not rbullbullbullbullbull it bullbull rbullbullu1ting in _d or bttr bullbullrvic but

bullbullrly beubullbull h d It noy to the bullbullitanc or the Churoh bullbull

h k it Hbullbullilht 10 think _nid clrgy auld 11v bttbullbull

bullbullbullvic or llight nat H could 10 think bullbullrried clrgy would liv

ltettr bullbullrvio but prrr the clibat olrlY h hebull awn cautDaad to

Thue 11 thr it hlp dicrillit bullbull r~ntmiddotbullbullttitud taad

thi chantbullbull

Th caaaant or dir r antbullbull180 indicted _ canebullbulln

over the poalUon cr woan in the Chuch T_ itbullbull tap thibullbull1bullbull cr

change It 1 chck the pandentmiddot tUtude to_rd bull intbullbulll

paUcipaUon by _en in worhlp nd it 15 chck hibullbulltUtUde toward

bull rl clrgy

It 16 and 18 both chok the bullbullbullpendant attitude t 1d the

ua_ of uthorlty in the Churoh Itaa 9 10 and 12 are all concrned

22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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22

wi In hip U_ in he ChINh 1- 4 If 14

en bull __ _th he 1IffId1dU_ r the _ 111

Ute w ubullbullr u Ctweh all ani u hM

_ tile da 11bull CetMllM

th- tit~ _tdtIen W bull -Ia _

_ 1ft CNIlJ Ua ha en a _ I he

CltNIUL

f1M1 n lfI 1M Thl lnal _all _ leld Me lay -1At 11_ to 6U Calhal1M

~ vial 1A _1 parllh in I -n aagon au

DOIIPlated U 111 the allot tJu __1tIg tohl

II1ddla or tttl 111bullbull and _ __ -kad for a

~rr or tl rtlilU1ta

A epllt-halr nllelAlUbullbullaJG1ant Gtd tor the de

obtaineG nil heM tiO ta and _ tllUftd to be A co~relaU_

an thl uwn and t hal the 1Dampl __MIt

_ampI ou_ t bl ill

II IETMIDI NIT 11

Th Catall adahop ~I 1 tact

_1_ ta thl ftMa to any ar $tsa palJt 0 hI ____

the Itudy The filioo_ t lMIIJcI _ 0 catam 0

-J bull t 32 auINRlta _ parun ar he pa-__ Ira _U

1- than 20 tU ut ttbullbull fa bull la1 peJah_ and the

lan1 deAlcted that bull tnUfia_Una lan would orbullbull

23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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23

bettr bull 1 or the population Th parihs wer dlvided into thr

group (1 - 200 rtltbullbull 201 - 00 r-111bullbull and 401 - 600 raillbullbull )

Dna parih each rroa the two larger group and our aall pariaha wr

randoaly bullbulllactad a the pl or par1h to bbullbullurv~ad Thue tha

ubJect contitut a randaa stretirid ple or the church-going

population or the R Catholic D10c of BIIcr Sinc thre 1 only

one Catholic paih in the bullbull1 town and ciUbullbull or E_tern OnIOn all

church10ing Catholic or th1 ara ar OlOad to worhip together thus

abullbulluring the bullbuller1llntr t t the vadablbullbull or 1Ig and ducation will

b rairly rprntativ or the entir Catholic population or the ar

The experientr a Cathol1c pribullbullt orrioiated at the regular

Sunday erv1cbullbull or the padshbullbull included in the ple During the tibullbull

in tha service regularly devoted to a eran he aked the u~r to pa

out copis or the attitude acale and pencil to bar or the

congregation Arter thbullbullbull -d been distributed the Eucpedantar read

the introductory paragraph or the quUonnair to the congregation H

requeted thelr cooplation in coapltiO the it and orr8led to

anwer any quetion when the elvice over Tanty ainut war

allotad to the subject ror coaplation of ttle attitude cal The

bullbullrvice _ concluded in the usual annel and the ePerinter anred

any quetion that c up

A and EdypaUal Lbullbulll bull

for the purpo anal ying the data or the tudy the ubJectbull

bullbullre dividd into thrbullbull aoe IIOUP and rour ducation 11OUP thus

living a _trix 0 t_lv call The age IIOUPbullbullbullr (1) Jct

24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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24

btn IS-30 yar 0 ao (2) eubJaot btn 31-50 yar (3)

ubJct 51 yn 0 or oldr Thi dlvllon baed uan bullbullvnI

conidration ThbullbullubJeot in the irt ege group have lived aot or

thair livbullbull in a changing Catholic Church It i bullbull~acted that they

will be Muoh more accpting 0 change then the other groupbullbullince changa

1 1bullbullbull unuual to th Tha ubJact In the bullbullcand group havs pant

01 or their live in bull Church that did little changing end hence are

expected to b 1bullbullbull accepting Dr chang The third group Ul hava

pnt Much ora t1bullbull than ither 0 tha other group in an unchanging

rligiou atbullbullpher It i bullbull~ected that thy wiU b the t

conervativ group

The division 0 ducation into our lvelbullbullbullbullbullbulld the 8Ot

p~tical ro tha tandpoint at the gneral population to bbullbullurvayd

Gradbullbullchool high chaol __ ooUaobullbull Md a caplatad tour yaar

oollg education bullbullra oanaidred tha aibullbullt diviion to k in our

population aina they ak undratandable diviiona 01 the rapandania

lind each lavl oanUtutbullbull an appreciabl aducational dierenca Ya

at chool caplstad thue conatitutesour oparational dtinitian or

education

III PREOICTIONS

In the lioht 0 tha previous diacu ion and tha r bullbullult at tha

pilot tucUbullbull the allowing pred1ctiona bullbullre _dbullbull

1 Scarbullbull an the prbullbullant hal a the acale will b highr than

acorbullbull on the utuw halt Thi prdiction t bullbullted ith a tet

ror correlated data

2 Younger Catholic bullbullUl tend to be 01 liberal or accepting

25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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25

tit _ A rtAun MIl ttl caul

latlaa _ ~ toe teet 1 ypo

J eav11bullbullbull111 Ie -_ r _

to u will with 1_ renal A _rn1eUon _

t w hy~bullbull

DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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DtAPTII 111

TIIIIIle 1 vee the __ bull bullhe tUIIa Mample

bull bullbull1 lPtti A tnIl

lQM hi aW- II lO1S

_ ubullbullIe n leta _ bull

TM _ _ the -1 21

to iIIplrl _ the ~ _ bullbull _- p1Me

NI ten h

TIIIJ1e 1 v t 14 iD tile bull AVi tnI UlnaIbullbulldbullbull

aIl TNwe a I

hiIhl ~ tie Thi moa - cauu u ~

__u VIan U Ie The

bull _ MI a lea _

u- tee __ tqb

TM _ 1A TIIIIla 1 II at t _ u Uta _ 1M U ten_

- -

27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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27

TAamppound J

bullbullEI or II POt DUCATl IIOUP

IIAI bull ntl anl1l8r 8CampI

Old ~ (a bull raquoa)(ft bull 113) (bullbull m)

middot ~~--~~~ - r---~~~ 2-l i I

~ i ~ ~ I )~--middot~---iimiddotmiddot---~~~middot~_~_~middotn i

I j II UI I bull III I n 11- i bull 124 I bull 111bull bull 84 I

~ 1

_-------middot4---middotmiddotmiddot_middot+------1

~ bull-1 n

bull bull 111 bull bull 116bull 10

-bull bull 121

1

(n bull UI)

shy

1

(a bull 3-)

cu (bullbull 2U)

bull mmiddot CoU

(a bull 17)

In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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In fig 1 the mean IIOOfeamp or eech educUonal grC1lp 18 plotld

c)gd not dye Lowr scures middotIe indio gtl1vn of conE1rvatislII 8nll h bull gher

soor~s of 11b8ld eta Of groilolr cceptfnc1 of ot) nge Hmiddot~ d t et(JW b

tlf900 tOWfO mo EG libel 1 tti tUt19sin youngt respondentG 19

mi((UfII-gIH t~iQr 9croo1 gredudtas were just eligrtly more LblSral t n

tc younger ligl school QridIJt~S The corrsltion btlDaan 8core8 on

tilm dtitude 8cle finc -g9 was 51 Ulhich is atntist~cll) signifLclnt

t ttlpound bull 11 lsvsl TrG corrailttion between accres on tre attitud~3 scel~

1)nd age wlth educaration prtialled aut was 36 TNa younglill pelOjlla sro

SEHn to bs signlficanU) more accepting 01 change ttln older people

In fig 1 tt-a tH8n COrliS or each gloup ale plott td Il9Ilnet

th~ four Qduc~1tionEll 18113 Thli trend toward l1Il rEt liberal attitiJdo6

wi t ncroiJsnr F1iJCation is slimn in thfll graph Tta eorriltloUon butween

scar on tI~ GCelA ana echoicbull tion 118$ bull ti wlch is 8ignifiCtlnt (tt the

Jl lEtllel n~ corrsl~t1on betwgon scor on ttt~ IICel ~nd f4duQtton

lIIitt ugo pltrtiall~d out lIIes 3amp Thue edUcation is e~n to bil

signifiesntly relatQd to aecfgtptftMC8 at cr~ngo more aduc tad rlJsjJondpnts

tanding to ecclpt ctangua molS r9i11dil) th~in lee oducated 0098

Ttfl date Indice ted t~ilt tlere was no CIOfInlEltion bt~ttl1m1n )gc QItd

sducation (I -db) t Impling no overlap 1n the variance aoountilc for

by the two voriablas 80 a multiple R was computed The ~ultiple R

between 8cores on the acale and E)ge and education was bullbulla About 16

of the variance on ttese 8cores is trus predictablo from age and

education

A 1 test using the formula for carrelatad observations I UlliS done

on t9 deta from the future nd present t1Bllles of tg sc-ale T-e

bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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bullbull

29

-~---------=l GJ8d Schaal bull 6 High School 0- __0

S COlla amiddotmiddotmiddota i

4 yra Collage bull ibull

G_ Amiddot 7- 0

bull bull - - 0 JI bullbull bull N

a

laquo

Old 1l1ddla

AGE

riquE 1 Ian acorbullbull on the attitude Bcele or the foul lIducaUone1 lavl plotted againet eg The highsr ths cors on the aeale the are liberal 01 accepting or change are the reapondenta

lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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lJ

Did Jj a dIIle 0 0 Yatal Il- --D

11

bull

1 2 3

poundDUCATIObullbullL~V[LS

1M a bull _ne the ttltwde elbullbullr th thne poupe plt1M11 lwl The hlp Uw _ on the ele the _n 111 01 --URe or h nepond_e

31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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31

1 - oMbullbullbull 36~)l (p lt 111) 1ndl0U auort tor th hypol

that Cthollcbullbullre _rbullbullcoepting or chabullbull alrdy lMt1 tutad than

they 1 of future hypothlzd chang

U lOR IlOllDUAL nos

S ot the 1t_ in the ttltudbullbullcalbullbullr8 ot bullbulldl Intt

btlcauae thf rtl~ot tUtudU r bull IMt iltpartnett in th

Cetllo110 Churgt todey Itbullbull 6 11 13 end 16 hev be n anAlyzlld

IIDrtl ull y than thtt othr And 1 preted 1n th U1 our

fgur to how th ulte In tr d taU ttaaa 6 11 and 13

wre ~ the uture pert 0 the 8cal and it 16 1 the prt

pert 0 th ace1

lba t

f lIUr8 3 the pnta or Meh I Ihel 111 th 1t_

bull (Dlvo-rrr1d Ctho1icbullbullhou1d b p~tted to raciv the

bullbullonu illy C-uon van though thlr bullbullaond urlbullbullbull

1 inval1d according to na~al tndard) Ovral 61 ot the

r bullbullpond t bullbullbullreed that 01 involved ln invalld 111hould

bbullbull11_0 to rbullbulliv the aat rlgur 3 that ln ach

group at l t ~a~ ot the repond ahaI thl preibullbulliv attltudbullbull

In the youngr ana _1 educatd lrouP _lIIOt 7b~ or ttl raepondant bull

bull xpl dlt with pnnt polley Svnty-toUl IGent or th

rnat wlth a 0011 eduoat1an agreed to bull changbullbullbull d1d 68)11 0 th r8apondant undr thirty y or bullbullbullbull

32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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32

Old Yaung

I~-- -gt- bullbullbull

56~ 5~

- 1

7t~ ~ ~

f

_IDIUJ fiayenr 3 Thl pen_tag 1n ROh II 1-inI _th It 6 J_ 6 Dlvolc- llbd Catha110bull bull haul It t Icl n aact ( otal1r -Uftlon) bull theulh nll bullbull cencI_1 1 bull lavU aoollldl to --

Gbullbull SohaDl

Call

33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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33

DIIl1 rl 4 vee theu1t 0 the VllY itbull U (PII

ehould _t U ta _fty) OvU 57j or the ehUloh

Cthollbullbull 1ft 1 bullbulltud) Ind1oat that th dl with the Cethol1

ChulGhf poUe) 0 bullbull1J_ 0 h al St __ 0 th IIhUlGh _th bull 1tecI DOn aU_ 111 w1~

t pall SJn 1M 0 h young - dl

with t polla) ~ the yaur Cathctll0 wih bull DOll

eduoatlon ~ dlred wlh th 01011 polle

Hau (leuI 5 tivu Ue peentege 1ft -h tIlI wUh

It_ 13 (__ t VI all__ 0 I bullbullU) A t

mt dl wlth hi U 1 eu t be yl that h would

1n evo 0 heving _1 aly Jn the Cthta1la Chunn uno to 81_

wlth th Ita bullbull p 1 to vo the prt peltAl i al

th data thet the bullbullt _Jult 0 to accept prlbullbull at hI U OwaU 16 C d with the

lOhl~ltlon 0 1 al) Thl t-wo proan or hdeft with a eoU eductaU 1I1d with he plOhUalUan 0 _11ft pl bullbull

EducaUan bull- to IIbullbull Ill to In eooep 0 __ pllbullbull

heft

ll a (1 6 V hlta D th MI_ on 1- 11 (To a

catholl0 It 1 ft to ta1n an ye 0 U elel nh

cantHI dvlo end the W th aontnl pill) Th data h at

34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

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34

Old

31

3~

D

lidd1bull

1 j r 62~ 1

I

56~ 6~

71~ I6n

lirad School

High School

~~ 1I

47 ~ I 1 College

l ~+-l~_ ----+----U

Se

81

4 yrbullbull College

r iAUEe The percentage in _ch gnup diegredng with it_ 11 It 111 Priet ehould not ba all_ad to urry

35

Old 11ddl

~------

High School

lS~

ftaMr sect The percentage 1n Hch glOUP cU1H1ng 1th U bull 13 Ubull 131 _ IIUtIt nlV1 b elld to baaa I1te

36

Old liddle Yaung r---- ~ ~~-~-~~-_~u~ laquo~ ~~~~I~_~-_middot -tl t ~J4 ~~1~ ~r bullIU~t1l 1fgyen

sect 81 7SJ

- ~-~ -t---- -~

i

86~ f O~

I ~ j

__ 1JlJ

Grad School

High School

5- College

4 yr bullbull Collg

Fiqur 6 Th prcntge in bullbullch graup d1aagrHing with it 16 It 161 To bbullbull good Cthol1c it i ncbullbullbullbullry to rrain ra ny ubullbull 0 rtiicil birth contral dvicbullbull and the birth control pill

37

nU 0 hdaftt do not _ept hl 1tea A y

and hllhly educatd Ctholic only 11 poanta acoapt h bull

bull lolal poal1on 0 th ChuIch bidding 8 1lclal adlth aon~l

Even the 1dbullbullt and 1 ducaed g-up he ~ eJeclng th

t1_1 wch1ft1 th ChuIDh Ellhty_n p or thbull

1I1th bull ool1aga Uon do t acot he CttuIoh

poeiUo

OtAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND I~PLICATI0NS

I CEIpoundRAt DISQJSSION

ov~ 97~ or th ~eponden~ (lJl~ out or 134) Lurne~

quaationnalr that art coapletd in 81) detail The 10111 parcn~OI

Dr lncoaplo~ returns 8hcwa ~t6t ~~dh-gol Catholics arn not ~dvr

to ropcrtlng their ulo an the Itea ot t~A acela 5gv~rnl or t~e

quoet1onnlre contn 1nod r_rke b) ~hfl respondente indlceUnQ tfoir

approvel ot ttbullbullUhY No algn1rtcant nOFUvrr renarks 01amp found

1n ths data ThoBo rceult indictu thct rllg1aua ttltude research

undr oandlt1ana or ecelealeUeal approvel 2nd during ctlurct Glvicbullbull

bull 10ht b8 very RUCDGbullbullful oang Catholic end even other rellglou

group At l t the Cattlol1ca In this atud) bullbull18 vn) cooperative

Dnd lntrbullbullt~c In the rr~arch

Tho ~clvancn 0 the lt~8 end the liencE ot t~fi f~11Iiaubull

bull toaph to be cenditlona t ~ led the H rChar to obta1n

r aGllpl~ault ~hen _11)lt pbullbulllbl in cl1 payoholot

tueU Alao 1~ uh~ b ~~ the prnt unortan t or ra1111_

dlc1p11ne and inc11ne ppl to Inttad In both

ari th1r i_ and l rntng the v1_ ot thair tall_

Wi (196amp) hIa oon~aftdad th it 1 pbullbullbulllbl to dlatlftguleh

en OOM~vUve lJra1 at1udbullbull to_ GUlnnt 1dnd

thbullbullbulliting intltut1ene and cutobullbull any individual reliliou IroUP

Th _1 r Ute p _Mi - 1_

0 In to a_ Cthollc _ aurul ln eMIIll thbull

rchr 1ntl dl1Uon ch-te1

Cetholioe TN re ha d a to 20 the bullbull1

d bullbull he both vry 111181 end V ODMvaUV Chollabull

bull tlll hlp togthe

Thlat1Oft bteen coree aft th attitude bullbullbull1 8Rd

bull31 Vaung1 1bullbull1bullbull11ft1noently U 0 chMt

18 old popl Thlta 1ndJ hat 11l1oubullbullttitudbullbull

have uch in aon 1h he 11 tludebullbull1AO lAd an

lncat GOftveUv t 1n lnoe1 Th coleU_ bn 00 an th altud al atld 1

_ 26ad t8 cUd ln ao a bull _ _r

raed11y han 1tad H a11111Itudbullbull app

have _hi ln 00__ _wih her HOial at1ud tha

ph_aou

Pymiddot (1166) ta tha _t Wel1bullbull a1tud

1ncral aenenatbullbullith ino1 1d tN atully

0 UI1aue titud hat Uon _Suite (l96S)

auec1a1 _ U 1 titudbullbull oweid leUI1M 1n paduabull

bulltucI Th Pl tudy - ha h __ ph pnt

ln bull popullon hII ven a r lIIfuoaU-l

Th ~ ~ h da the -utura- and middotpn- hllva

0 hbullbullbull1 11_ 0 h ypothl1 that Cathellce ar

_ a_ti 0 cheng alnady Md than thy 8 0 hypohbullbull1a

a

40

I 1U_ ta thet 141 bull 1Iot to ohaRt- 1ft Vl

Ctholic Church 11) l bullbull~ lh Church The prRt lUdy or no

dirct videnc Oft thio _ttr 1 CMIly ahurah-tlOing Ca~io _n

tudled H_vr thbullbullbull d nt 1111 lct that 1

0 verylng delrbullbullbull 0 bullt 0 n1bullbullUll repted 1n

01d1nay Sunday t1_

Th thr patI10Uana In lIet1nn1ng thl tudy bullbullr uppot

II) the det Chuch-ping CthOll0bullbull_ II _ _pUnt 0 ohange alnedy The ty n eSlot lct 0 why th1

1 althauth itbullbull11ht It 1 to hypotha1a that l1rU)

wlth h ohangbullbullbullnd t 0 eutholty a involVed bullbull

PraoU_ll t h 111UOft 0 aoolee1t1aal uthality In th ta

1 thet ahurohra do acet ohangbullbull _n nacUly aM thy r

lnaUtut Th data II1Plt that _ bullbullr the _tIOWUy that 1 bull

nt _en llp ahra dlaua __bullbull 1 1IIpO oneo the oh hav It _de and people In to ltv w1 th th_

Th prditlon tha youneo people would aoept h radlly ftft oldr people bullbull aleo au~ed th coelation bet

bullbullbull and oar on the ttttudbullbullt lta1Jl Thl bullbullwlt 1e In Ial

_ant 1th th1 tud1bullbull 0 _lal ttnw 10 on oan do IlUDh

about th 0 ahunh1 papl ltut the dete t tht ahach

authrtbullbullbull1ht have auoo In lnatltuti dierentlal chengbullbull

fr the v81_ age gnup Old ohulOh er wight II _ oontent

to llv out th1 11vbullbull aceOldl to trdiUonl whll young

oould plIIJttad th ohe thy dbullbulll Thi 1 adll1itSly

not al_y Y to llah 1n PIIICUo ltut eo r 0 1n

41

Catholic 11 have albullbully ~ -d ~ _11 CathDlloe and the

1bl11 ty or _ 1111 thl O~ ved aroupe hao

atbullbull

Tho p~ed1ol tha ~ oduoatl0 ~oled to a tr

accept or ah100 _ uppo~ted by h nault Th _nloIM

caU aftCI ao~ the atltUdtt 1bullbullbullbullbull26 11na bull

bullducatlon h alay been encou~ed by th Ca~lle ChurCh In the

Unied Statbullbull alld aen D urther dwlaped OU~ t IIlpt be dd to

uppo~t tho value or the edaUonal vo~ 1r n111 auho~1tlbullbull

bull 1 bull to Iftrluono peep 11v SinO auoed peop1bullbullre

acoaptlng or ohaftg lI1ht xpect h 1ft bull caapi plu1110

001y bull ~llloua up lIlth highly eduoated people would be

bullbullptebl thoft nup 0 I oded -1bull n DJCUSIIO or 10[ JIOIJOUAamp ITta

UIai

It 6 (DlvoOed-~ld Catho110bullbullhould II_t 0

v the bullbullbulln_to olll11y C_unloft veII th thel~ eaGIICI

_rrlabullbull 1 invlid _aconl 0 1 rd) tapa bull y 1t_t

a or 1111 1no it to _~1 _o1dead bull

bull aOnaMlt or ect 1 Illy Ctholic lw 3liv the

pnonta CthoU In bullbullch nd adaUonel ned 1th tho It_ bullbullbulltatad TradlU_lly Ctholic do no 0 and bullbullrd UAl one ot th pou In a r1It rrla hI diad

Hbullbullvr todey t A_rLoan Caholl0 Ulbullbull hlvbullbull_ lat1v 0

cl rlend Involv In eoond ~labullbullven thouGh bull 1bullbull paubullbull

i 11vlo AcoDldl Cathollo tholaeloul prlnotpl hla 1

42

caone1dend an 1naUd alll ThI plty 1 bullbullbulllftt Utbullbulleoand

11 i CIH bullbulla__oaUon loh 1011 1bullbull ln th

d_1al or thbullbullbull0 0111Y C_un1on to tnU who

ant th lnvalid al

Th ohuIoh-go1 CethoUo in tn It wdy too 1ndicat

thIt ha ld 11k to bullbull bull _ po11oy in hi _ Overall 6~

0 the epondant that 1 involved in invalid 1bullbullbullbull

aheuld b a11bullbulld t IealvbullbullM fJtu 3 ah_ that In aaoh

t 1 50~ th napondtbullbullha thl bull sbullbulllvbullbullttlv

1ft th y and _1 troup 81_t thl th

raponcleM tIt_ wlth the p t pollo)

Thi It 1bullbull11Mt1_nt 1 tUtudM towald a- n

l tnt tbullbully 181 oup bullbull0111Y dl1naup Tha __

t lie bull to1nna Vitlon th Ulou t up by eMoh

authodty di _ 1 Thl1bullbull_ to be in 1111 Idth

ttl _ lan1ant and to1nnt wl_ t 0 00000d _1leea by

IMllean people in 1 S 1t tht nlllou att1tudd

_11 a c1bullbulld related to ra1 tUId _1 11 the

ov11 cult

Abullbull _tt pt pollcy 11 Ceho11bullbull lnvolv ln bull Mod

Ifta11d 1 an unabl to 1 1tl_t1) aalv the bullbullo~t 1n

th II Catho110 Chu ah y The Hault 0 thlbullbulltuety gaet that

y pnoUoing Ctholl0a not 1n _nt Id th hl pella) Abullbull

_tt 0 eot 1n hOt Y the It _ di_1oft or thl

p1Ob1 ln th Chvah INt no ln 11 oy b _d Ov

dat Indiot that l 111ou autholti to ~t peop1 1n

43

bullbullcond rrlbullbull to thbullbullacr-nt thy would ind conldrablbullbullupport

ang church-Qoing Catholic or thi radlcel changbullbull

ll li

figur 4 givbullbull the reult or the urvey or It 11 (Pribullbullt bull

bull hould not b all_II to _rry) Ovn11 i7- 0 th r Nlant

inc31011t tNt they IIIl111Vr 111 th the prt polloy 0 tory

cllbaoy or tN olI9Y Ag th youngr catholicbullbull1th 8 coll

education 8~ dillllVrbullbullbullith the olclal polley Thi 1ttr 0 __ ll1pOrtanca 1nc the clI9Y 1 rcruitd th renke 0 youngar aucated Cathollc Tto tudy IN11cata that the prt

hortag 0 Catholic alrgy alght due to the ChtIIdI t a ina1atenca

upon cUbaey a bull cGNUtiOft of the pr1thood It 1 ca_ kno1adg

ln oc181 sclano that paopl ar vry auch inlueneed by tha vibullbull 0 thor panbullbullnd It 1 clr hat young educet_ CthoUc do not

upport tory ellbacy or the clrIY Oldr and 1 ducted

CatholIc ar auch 1 Incllned to accept 8 _nld oleIY Thi i

el_a- froa the pre ln fi 4 The e an proly bullbullrl

raaon 0 thia ut 1 t bullbull_ that Cathollc vn vry conciou

0 th unaarrled statue of thir clI9Y and have an pnull 0 thi

raet Ir _Nlatory cllbacy 18 not lnaltad upon ln the utu it lI1eht

b lavl1_t to dadua na the data that It RUlli be or clibat

pdbullbullta to b van th ca a old Catholica In ra a f lbl

and _rdd cl) alened to th ea a ar your 1bullbull

Th attitudbullbull 0 eatholla toward alical cellbaoy are probably

alao Hlatad to othr aclal attltudbullbull aNI valu In COUAtribullbull 11k

1011a CMeda and the United Stat r thtlon 0 clerlcal

44

Galiy hea 11_ undr oritioa1 tion far tlIIa tha a

clarg~n af othar denaination Who ~r~id and raceiv the

bull btu and acctanobullbullbull Raan Ctholic pdbullbullt In tha count~i

t i ubullbull cli_a) 1 auch aD clUCil tohn In tradltio11y

catholio countribullbull lIke ltalnet Spain lind ltal) The ptbullbullent dIlta

offr no diract evidencbullbull but bullbullbulli~t h~ptha1z that Ctholic ra1d

thir r1101ou attltud In ccordance wIth thelr I1vlO bull rlencbullbullbull

It would be int~bullbullt1no to bullbullpl a roup 0 Ctholic living 1n

whl _n) rliolorae Intendngl and anoth~ group 1n al In whteh

Cathollo Nd pnctlcall) no contact wlth othr olerlyn lr W8 ound

aJgnlrtcant dirano it llilht provlda bullbulla videnca 01 the

hypothala

lSaU

Hlura fa v tha pate in _ah tROUP dl1ng Itl th

1- 13 (w 1Nat vr be all to prita) 01artng

wiUl ttli It_ lapl1bullbull tt the Iaaportdant -ald wiUl to accept

a -1a oly Th data Indicat tohat aut r t ar o~ th

_to part rr to accept __ pllbullbulltbullbullt tha prt ubull

Ovrall only 1~ dtrd wIth the prohibitIon 0 -1 cly

rilur 5 atao that anly aaone th hilht educatd CatholIcbull auld

thrvan bull all11M1 acceptanc or _1 clrIY Aoataftc rangbullbull

rt 01 In ana t~oup to 35~ In tha yaungbullbull t and _t highly educat

troup bullbullvr van ttll __nt 0 aoaaptanc 1 rathr aurpdung

whn one conlda th act tNt 1 than ten yra 0 AD an had van

bullbullrioua1) propoaad the plbl11ty 0 _1 pribullbull t In the Raan

Ctholic Church

45

Thbullbull 0 hbullbulliudy uppat the huIoh tAh_itibullbull bull oont UOft

that t MAt ~hollc peoplbullbull1 IIt1Idlll9 to hv al 119 At th _ t1_ the percenta of thtao a you and _

lIChICtad Ifho do andorH tta id 0 bull bullbull 10 cl lndloatbullbull t

PIIhItp the U 111 0 when the 10_ ill NV to ba taken _

bullbulldoul Sino it ttlil attudbullbull an elato to

othoel1 tlYdbullbullbull lt ught be IIdvl1 fa ChUloh wtholtia 0

011ow the ow bullt tt bull I 1111t1Oft v-nt 0 clubullbull to the

ruty 1t 10 b lntU to take tta prnt 1t_ nd

ladatnltr 1 t in flva Hr to if the of peoplbullbull aoupt

bull r_l clI 1110

J1II1I

Fitu 6 glvbullbull h rault a thbullbullurvy an It 16 (T ba bull QDOd

Cathollc It 1 nac_ry to ain _ any ubullbull 0 tlticl1 lI1 th

oontlOl dav1ga and u llia-th oontnl pl11) The data he v)

iln1fioat The ioial Cthol1c pa1tlon bullbull expaunded b the Pap

and Dthap 0 the Ca~llc C~oh 1 that t1f1a11 1I1th oontol

an klnd i -11 The data how that n of ttlpondt eta not

accept thl -I y8UIII and _ educted Cathallc _1 bull v

-11 pQ8fttaea (lett OJ 1 ) accept ttl 01011 polu poundvn the

oldbullbullt and l t ted I~ hM U aJeotJ the tncUtJonal

t-hing Tnt 1t _ icluded 1n the prt hal 0 tha -1 amptao fls y pl1t 1n the paih llinity NV aecptMl bl th

CIOntol bullbull l lti_t and hence n Catholiobullbull11 that bullbulla

0 ln Catholic t chl haG DCOUlIad It _ t b that uno

th hlght authorlt1bullbull have not glvn ny Invl to bull ch in

46

Church tnohing that thtt It bel an the future half of the clllbullbull

TM tudy lnaluded 1 t prt of the prt cal and 1 t appeu

if thl JudgMnt h bullbull bn valldated by the date

TM Itbullbull agaln offr 11101 upport to tha contntlon

that r1111ou attltudbullbullbull1 relted to othr oclal ttltud Sexual

nom have undrganbullbull not-tao-qult rvolution ln _dcan oclty nd

the rapondnt ttltudbullbull tord birth control rf1ct thl rvolution

The fct that 0 _ny of the r bullbullpondant dlr_ with offlcial

po11cy whl1 bullbullti11 ttandlng bullbullrvlcbullbull ragulrly alao utIt that any

Ctho11c ohurchlora acoept the t_chlng uthorl ty of the Pop and

blhop but only to bull 111tad dalr Our date offal no dlrot wldc

on thl _ttar but thy bullbullt that a tudy of ho Cathollc vlbullbull

authorlty auld b lntrbullbulltlt the prnt tlbullbull ln the CathDllc

Church

I G Plpprt (11) rapert that eoclo1001cal tudy by

tt ltiona1 Oplnlon R bullbullbullbulllCh Ctr not that thr a_ to be

11ttl ruan to doubt tht auPPOlt --g the c1rgy for the Church

t_ohlng on birth control and divorc 1ni The report albull

bull tet that Cthollc pdbullbullt bullbull1 blng upportad ln thlr dMd

to _lly by thlr prlhonr The dte of thl prbullbullnt tudy of churchshy

golng Catho11c aha _a 11ght on thbullbullbull rport If the tudy 1 bull

bull ccuratbullbull future vantbullbullhould upport the dta and conelulon that

have b bullbulln dran fr th_ uncbullbullbullftr all the acolal cuntlt

contnd that pop1 action have bullbullbull rltion to thlr ttltud

1

II I bull rUllltEIL bullbullMOI Il0l1111 LIT [5

Th nt tuII OOlle1Uonal ItA the wlt

lnd1ate t 1 at tuau airt _t 11111

1tUIIIN undouilUdly thwlt at _n lUftI _11_1_t

all 0 lIh10h an aro11lbl th tdtlft Wely 1__ that

at oheDl1 1 Uon 1 related bullbull _ Ung tUtud

t-n Altheu1h aUM lIUAted onl 10~ Ut bull

1 ln au thl1 Juett wthettu to

1nvbullbullUt the relat1onehlp A__ t educU bull

bull tltude 0 Uon CeftbullVt that

nUl 1_ bullbullbull c_1ft P 0 U 0 c_ I1vl le 1 0 e 11th _

_ 1_ 0 oU to 1ft1e wahl

CahUeo auld II d

The rnt up would lie te bullbullk thy pl_ bull

wndtak the The n 0 - p udy ehauld

help aIIW h_ el 111 populaUM lIIIaly bull -11

dloa woul II 0 IIIMI 0 1lht 1_bullbulldec 1ft tlhlch the t1U1111bullbullGampl could lie dIlII1teed An COIIpUtl

th the eaalbullbull the pa1eh_ oould _tatted 1 bull

control ad reurill_tel The lMn_l llOUP coul

lie 11v ettuaUtWIal alte 5undIIY 0 bull i ru tlh10h amploUt oould r lftlM shy

t1tudbullbulleal III1rrennobullbull noted

Ttd 1 altvily bull Ughly oontnlld l y rlW

tudy bu l __ 1 1 II w1 thln _th pncUcal MIl thlcal

11111 idlbullbull In thl Ieel 11 aUloft cn 101

1Nt 1 bull swte vic OM It cboll thUII v

ue _ Id 0 the cUv__ at the progna

SinG Hcial peahal dealbullbullr wl~ ampGUll IMtNvlDJ ttwn

othr r 0 yahloln Dftd th _thode uti dt lnd ttIl bullbull

t Ught labantbull bull rlftl aant1D1 Hbullbullver 1r acial oII1ftU

lah to aanut bullbullbullrs-nt autaid the latIIorat lleginnifta t

__ with the t aontlOl tNt ar not precluded by _nl and

lIIctical cona1MntlOM The tnfomeUon gathered ~ aft i t iv

eduoaUOMl It auch a the an p could be vely ubullbullul

and practical or people Intted 1ft eel 11 control 0 relilaue

attitud If en educaUoMl PIO1M can trwr _ people n

accepU 0 c 1t can cotM bull usful teDl wheft ch in a

nlill 1UtuUon Maca c1

Rup_ authelUbullbull and church-gDil people beth vry

coapUv In P tudy I a _1bullbulllM or a

ot pnaUcal nllUlte It lI1ht be 1111 to lMun urth

eoapenU

r1nally ~ibullbullWy plOVlded a anel at cte II1lh

prov ul 1ft urlft1 the attltud towad 11t1~ change ovr

U Since prftt eaona ar 11_1 thi CItIle it _uld

_ibl to readll1n1ter the cal in twelvtNt and aur chengbullbull

avr ti 1ft th reeponcsntamiddot tt1tudbullbullbull

unRDlcts

Il10 Tbullbullbullbull yaluc [ bullbull Lv1 O l bullbull end I I n AM_riMa 1h I YoIte_ I bullbull 1150

All_ E [ I I ractol in liettt1 or1IIdel ill at I19M pugbllmiddoty 1111 a 265-213

AUtIOt G At1tude In C 1ufttU (Ed) I MrO 7 SrM byctw1aay CI_UI 10-3Cl_k w lSi

lIylbullbull I 11111 ViAMC L bull1 1951

Aeah s E 1F1l flychg1ppy I Vodel PUo11 l1S2

lean C T yabolog heMoe Ut old 0 _eptanc IIIUta JetampMl I ial Py 111 t M0-raquo2bull

a CelJMtnUon lbI 1- IiM bullwX If h An Uti of 11t_ur It bull c1

81011ft tIysbtlpay I Voitel 1e

cpIaall A JM BrcM a Vortea U 110

CMt111 M ([d) teup pPampn1n 11 - lM P 1_ PllnatM Uftlv 1111

CoepeI l I 3 L 11 IiD01I If IFl peSMY VOIkl ScIn lt56

e L bull 1 hI vJdInc 11ft t end Nt dem MIl ysbt1ep1w 777 1150w 3-31

01 l E PaychoJ8IY 0 al1etan In G Liftd E A__ (pound41) H t If eI pm (VIIl 5) CtIIIItI1 1__1 1

_U L AX_o If PI-aw I Vodel IOft 1111

Mungbullbull 1 bullbull lI1ea1c I 3 and SeNob s twa _hiamp111 Untv or linn bullbullbull 1561_-l1

rlcht~ 3 H The oUa of Catho11c II1J01 lJ AplEiclIlwfawl It IISII 1152 a 145-14

Godin A E bullbull end ne1tanc to h eeibullbullUfic cholot or lilian Ltmiddot y 1164 ampI 11-202

50

H y A P feth i _ra t bull l p 1n the Ik JJa 1969bull I 6

Howlend ~ I lenla t L nd KIIIY tI~ ~8Iyn1~ton nd PVIll Landon Oold Unh Pre 1953

Kt O and StoUend [ A PlIUtIlnaly atat_ent to bull thlolY 0 tt1tuca tIU~tUII and chen In S Kooh (Ed) eycholMyt A t) bull gllDel (101 3) I York IcCn-ttl11 159

Kllay H H SlliancB 0 rthip nd lel1tanc8 to ching or 9nup-Whored tt1tuda H-n II1gDl 1950 bull I 275-289

telallar C A bullbull Collinl 8 pound Of end BUtI N WtusI ww1 A ~rJtJtl Analya Dr TtAreUcal Amgh bull YOIIeI llI1lay 1969

Kllch D and Crutchfield R S ThaNy ad 1 A 1e1N Paycholpay N Yorle cGra~111 198

pola c H Thl OOllPlIt1VI IUlcapt1b1lity or tlae Ilvela to the IUQQlaUon af nup vIIa lwpelt apinion letA 0 Sll Paye~logy 1133 A 116-186

_bullbulle T I bullbull Turnar R 11 Canvelal P [ 6AII1 Uholy Y_le ttolt Rlhat 1165

PlppIt bullbull C TN Ibg t 11 16 1171

Pope L atill_d I PbachlCI I HVI Cam I y1 Uni v Pr 12

Plbullbullbullbully s G PlycbRl0p1rN DIVII_at Ibrh hI Llr Sbullbull1lI York Huper end 1_ 157

Ryder I 8 bull nd I tor C f Ubullbull a ra1 contraceptlan ln th Unitd Statbullbullbull 1965 $c1lnpbullbull 1966 w U-1205

5hbullbullI R I bull rid Cntera I ourrlnel ln ttitudinal 1bull und ~ondltion or ip11clt1~ aanlpu1alld group ltenee ~IDII r PclQDllltv Sgcl1 Pycblgu 1910 11 125-132

Strtc R On thl incOllPtUuut~ or religion and etancel a Ulve~

a A_dean gnduate atudnt JI Ir lh 591Oc 5tydX AC RM1VID 1963 1 3-20

Staur S A C-bullbullbull CrpnY and iyl1 LIbrt1- I Yatu Oaub1day 1955

Th I 1 and Znen1ockl F Tbt PIIt pMft~ 1n [YI AgrAq BOlton I ladg_r 1918-1920

51

lkl _ [ r11 A The 01~ bullbull bull valall1 1A pychologl 1 latga1 eM be ICdamp9 Itt 8lamp1pn 4165 A 234-236 bull

l AuthoI1talillftlbullbull laUp 01_ and oloabull vlcud 1 - Catholio 7S2 1141_ 115 amp1 231-235

1 l I Soclo1r Laakbullbull tleligion I IactIW 1113

Thl lonnal i dbullbulllgned to eMIIl yo n_ yeu

opinion on _ _ or ll1pOunc in the Cetholic Chuch 1_bull

ell r h 1_ -bullbullUy I en 1nly Ift1111 in t you

ptIeone11y hl 0 thbullbullbull U_ 1 do _t ut YOU the

bullbulltianna1 e ai ell to II Th in_ti_

egeld1ng bullbullbullbull educati_ lind t1II t1_ 1 l tM II

Llalg htIe given hi plon 0 hibullbullUheY to tete T

you

53

II t ___1bullbull 1 __ f-1bullbull

III I baptizd into the Catholic Chuch _____ abullbulln infant _ 11ft adult

IV I hv cOllpltllCl _ Iadbullbullchaol _ hilh chaol _ bullbullbull collagbullbull _ fur YHbullbullf cllbullbullbullbull

V I ttend bullbullbullbull ____ egulaly (al80t vry Sunday) _ i bullbullegulrly

1 t bullbulln and lirlbullbullhould b all_1ICI to b lectobullbullbullnd bullbullbullv

2 A _nied clrgy cauld not and lODd bullbullbullvic in the Catholic Chuch

3 Th Catholic Church i nat the only true Church

4 The bihop haul not confilll childn until thy rbullbullt l t aniobullbull in hith chaol

5 In lenbullbullal and fo the ot prt the chang bullbull taking plac in the Catholic Church today r toad

6 Divoced-rid Catholic ahould b pnittd to bullbullciv the acaant (bullbullpcially Caunion) van thOUth theibullbullbullcond _niI i invalid accoding to nonal tandbullbulldbullbull

7 Sying the R_ry i not iapotant to bing a lood Catholic

8 It would not b bullbull vl) leod id to let pdbullbullt and ly popl elct bihopbullbull

9 Ctholicbullbullhauld not b Givan the oppotunity to fulfill thi Sunday oblittion t Saturday vaning bullbullbullbullbull

10 Th Catholic Church hould not eneourat bullbull Joint abullbullhip a bullbullvic with non-Catholic bullbull

1

2

3

4

s

6

7

8

9

10

_Atmiddot -Oir

_Atmiddotmiddotmiddot _Oiaomiddot

_AImiddot _Oi

-Ag _Oi

_Atmiddot _Oi

_A _Di

_Atmiddot _ Diaaol

_At _Oi

_AImiddot_ _Oi

_Ag_ _ Oimiddotaomiddot

54

11 Pll_tbullbullhauld no IIllaed to Nny

12 To nov Con tanding lftd or kMU dlanattul to the 1 sao

13 ___ t nev1 II ell_ad to lleobullbull pllbullbullbullbull

14 CttJldnn hou1d t b all_ad Ictdv thll 11 cun1an 1~aut le1ne 0 tanbullbulllon

15 Irlad clrgy IIOUld rander bettr rvic han una~led clrgy 1ne they wauld undeHtMd 11y plObl_ tNtttl

16 To be bull gaod Catol1c it 1 neey torain any ua at Btitlelal tdlttI control davie end the btlth oantlOl pill

17 Th Cathall ly hould pleoh _ nUy Oft c1l probla or aul ubullbullbullbull

18 Evan _n the Pepe pe 0 10111ll y on any 1 0 II1tl 0 _nl a Catttuo can tl11 allow hi ewn canaclence

11 The 1111ft CahOll0 Itl ld vM olclal llUflpot to CtIol1c lleya bullbull bullbullh t bullbull the 1ttan 0 OOMClanU -Jectal to

20 Ilehapbullbullhauld 1y oh_ hr Ivatlvbull -bel 0 the clellY

11 _ AIIH _011

12 _ r _01

13 _AI _ 01110

14 _AIr _DlI

15 _ Aor _DJa

16 _ I _ 011

17 __11_ _01

18 _ At _01_1_

11 _ AII_ _Dll_

20 __ Agrbullbull _Dl_

  • Differences in the attitudes of church-attending Catholics toward changes in religious beliefs and practices correlated with age and education
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