DILUTION CALCULATIONS Molarity of Mixture =

total moles of chemical in which we are interested

total volume of mixture  Dilute Solution – a solution with a relatively

low concentration of a particular substance

DILUTION CALCULATIONS *Consider a concentrated solution that we add

water to in order to make a dilute solution.

 CCONC = initial concentration of solution (more concentrated form)

VCONC = initial volume of solution (more concentrated form)

 CDIL = diluted concentration (after water is added)

VDIL = (total) diluted volume (after water is added)

DILUTION CALCULATIONS Recall that c = n/V... therefore n= c·V

 nCONC = moles of chemical in CONC solution = CCONC x VCONC

nDIL = moles of chemical in DIL solution = CDIL x VDIL

** the amount of chemical has NOT changed when the solution is diluted. Only the total volume has changed (less concentrated)

DILUTION CALCULATIONSnCONC = nDIL

CCONC x VCONC = CDIL x VDIL

or...

C1V1 = C2V2

DILUTION CALCULATIONSA. Simple Dilution of a Chemical in

Solution Example #1: If 400.0 mL of 0.800M HCl is added to 500.0 mL of water, what is the resulting [HCl] in the mixture?

DILUTION CALCULATIONSB. Mixing 2 Solutions with Different

Concentrationstreat mixtures of two solutions as two

separate “single dilutions”Example #2: If 300.0 mL of 0.350 M H2SO4 is added to 400.0 mL of 0.050 M H2SO4, what is the resulting [H2SO4] in the mixture?

DILUTION CALCULATIONS3. Making a Dilute Solution from a

Concentrated SolutionExample #3: What volume of 8.00 M H2O2 is used in making up 1.5 L of 0.5 M H2O2?

Questions: p. 102 # 78-85, 87, 91, 93