diploma Gis own ppt

8/16/2019 diploma Gis own ppt

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UNIT-IIIPENDING CONTENTS :-

a)GIS

b)PHOTOGRAMMETRYc)MAP PROJECTIONS


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2

What is GIS?

A t!ch"#$#%& ' ha( *a(! + s#,t*a(! t##$s

A" i",#( ati#" ha" $i"% st(at!%&

Th! #b.!cti/!: t# i 0(#/! #/!(a$$ !cisi#"a1i"%


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GIS: a ,#( a$ !,i"iti#"

“A system for capturing, storing, checking,integrating, manipulating, analysing anddisplaying data which are spatiallyreferenced to the Earth. This is normallyconsidered to involve a spatially referenced

computer database and appropriateapplications software”


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3

Wh& is GIS 4"i54!?

GIS ha" $!s SPATIA6 i",#( ati#" ' I",#( ati#" (!,!(!"c! b& its $#cati#" i" s0ac!

GIS a1!s c#""!cti#"s b!t*!!" acti/iti!s bas! #" s0atia$ 0(#7i it&


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8

GIS c#"c!0ts a(! "#t "!*9

Water pumpWater pump


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GIS: hist#(ica$ bac1%(#4"

This t!ch"#$#%& has !/!$#0! ,(# : ' Di%ita$ ca(t#%(a0h& a" CAD ' Data ;as! Ma"a%! !"t S&st! s

1

2

3

ATTRIBID X,Y12

3

ID12

3

CAD S&st!CAD S&st! Data ;as! Ma"a%! !"t S&st!Data ;as! Ma"a%! !"t S&st!


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DigitalDigitalMappingMapping

Photo-Photo-grammetrygrammetry

Computer Computer Aided AidedDesignDesign

SurveyingSurveying

RemoteRemoteSensingSensing

DatabasesDatabases

GISGIS

Cross-dis iplinary nature o! "#S


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<

GIS c# 0#"!"ts

Specifc applications /decision making objectives$$

G I SG I S

Spatialdata

Comp te!Comp te! "a!d#a!e //so$t#a!e toolsso$t#a!e tools


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=

What a1!s ata s0atia$?

Pla enamePla ename"rid o-ordinate"rid o-ordinate

Post odePost ode

Distan e % bearingDistan e % bearingDes riptionDes ription

&atitude ' &ongitude&atitude ' &ongitude


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>

Cha(act!(istics #, s0atia$ ata

Location

( Description: Chebrolu engineering ollege( Post Code: ))))( Grid Reference: *1+1, ./2 1 +*3,.3/( Latitude/Longitude: ,0 21 **.3+ W 450 3 1/. 2 6


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>>

Cha(act!(istics #, s0atia$ ata

Geometry

Th! sha0! #, a b4i$ i"% #( c#4"t&Th! c#4(s! #, a (i/!(@th! (#4t! #, a (#a

Th! sha0! #, th!$a" sca0!@ (!$i!,


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>2

Cha(act!(istics #, s0atia$ ataTopology

• C#""!ct! t#• Withi"• A .ac!"t t#• N#(th #,

• Within the oyal !orough of "ingston#upon#Thames• $pposite the %urrey &ounty &ouncil building • 'orth of %urbiton station• Ad(acent to )enrhyn oad


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S0atia$ Data: !7a 0$!s

S#ci#-!c#"# ic ata ' R!%i#"a$ h!a$th ata

' C#"s4 !( B $i,!st&$! 0(#,i$!s ' G!# ! #%(a0hics

E"/i(#" !"ta$ ata ' T#0#%(a0hic ata ' Th! atic ata@ s#i$s@ %!#$#%&


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>3

Data Modelling - step 1( 7eatures

8 9uildings 8 Road entrelines 8 &amp olumns 8 "as pipes 8 C:; A ess overs 8 Road sur!a es


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Data M# !$$i"% - st!0

7eature < 9uilding

=b>e t< Polygon?ntity< :ourist#n!ormation9ureau


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Att(ib4t!s

6ame < )@

Address< * MarBet Pla e:o n< " 6: R= ner< ;EM:el. 6o< FFFFFFFFFF7loor spa e 13,, sG m


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><

S0atia$ ata st#(a%!

!ct#( # !$

Rast!( # !$

point

1,6

2,5

5,4

4,1

7,105,9

4,7

6,68,6

9,8

line

polygon

2,2

5 10

5

10

as %!# !t(ic #b.!cts: 0#i"ts@ $i"!s@ 0#$&%#"s

as i a%! ,i$!sc# 0#s! #, %(i -c!$$s

0i7!$s)


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S0atia$ ata st#(a%! # !$

i 0#(ta"t i" !t!( i"i"% th! 0#t!"tia$ a00$icati#"s #, th! s&st!# !$ a& a$s# a,,!ct th! t&0! #, a"a$&sis *#(1 that ca" b! achi!/!

h&b(i a00(#ach t# st#(i"% %(a0hica$ a" att(ib4t! i",#( ati#"Att(ib4t! i",#( ati#" #,t!" st#(! *ithi" sta" a( (!$ati#"a$ atabas!G(a0hica$ i",#( ati#" is st#(! i" a 0(#0(i!ta(& ,i$! s&st! ' #0ti is! t##$s ,#( ata ha" $i"% ' a$th#4%h "#"-sta" a( 0(#0(i!ta(& s&st! *i$$ b! i,,ic4$t t# i"t!%(at!

*ith #th!( s&st! s@ it *i$$ t!" t# b! /!(& !,,ici!"t at ha" $i"% $a(%!%(a0hics ,i$!s


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!ct#( ata # !$

a /a"ta%! #, th! /!ct#( ata ,#( at: a$$#*s 0(!cis! (!0(!s!"tati#" #, 0#i"ts@ b#4" a(i!s@ a" $i"!a( ,!at4(!s

' 4s!,4$ ,#( a"a$&sis tas1s that (!54i(! acc4(at! 0#siti#"i"%@

' ,#( !,i"i"% s0atia$ (!$ati#"shi0 i! th! c#""!cti/it& a" a .ac!"c&) b!t*!!" c#/!(a%! ,!at4(!s t#0#$#%&)@ i 0#(ta"t ,#( s4ch 04(0#s!s as"!t*#(1 a"a$&sis ,#( !7a 0$! t# ,i" a" #0ti a$ 0ath b!t*!!" t*# "# !si" a c# 0$!7 t(a"s0#(t "!t*#(1)

ai" isa /a"ta%! #, /!ct#( ata is that th! b#4" a(i!s #, th! (!s4$ti"%a0 0#$&%#"s a(! isc(!t! !"c$#s! b& *!$$- !,i"! b#4" a(& $i"!s)@

*h!(!as i" (!a$it& th! a0 0#$&%#"s a& (!0(!s!"t c#"ti"4#4s%(a ati#" #( %(a 4a$ cha"%!@ as i" s#i$ a0s


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Rast!( ata # !$

%## ,#( (!0(!s!"ti"% i" isti"ct b#4" a(i!s ' th! atic i",#( ati#" #" s#i$ t&0!s@ s#i$ #ist4(!@ /!%!tati#"@ %(#4"

t! 0!(at4(!s

as (!c#""aissa"c! sat!$$it!s a" a!(ia$ s4(/!&s 4s! (ast!(-bas!sca""!(s@ th! i",#( ati#" i! sca""! i a%!s) ca" b! i(!ct$&i"c#(0#(at! i"t# GISth! hi%h!( th! %(i (!s#$4ti#"@ th! $a(%!( th! ata ,i$! is %#i"% t# b!


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M# !$$i"% th! (!a$ *#($

1 1 20 50

1 2 24 45

1 3 52 55

2 1 0 4546 40

...

0 0 0 0 0 0 02 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 2 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 2 0 0 0

0 2 2 2 0

1 ...

x

y


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2

!ct#( ata

6a" 4s! 0a(c!$s


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Rast!( ata


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Ma"i04$ati#" a" a"a$&sis

What *#4$ ha00!" i, A chemical leaked into a river*

Wh!(! #!s The +reen !elt e ist in relation to the &ity*Has

)opulation changed over the last ten years*Is th!(! a s0atia$ 0att!(" (!$at! t# &ar ownership in our area*


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Databas!s + GIS

At a si 0$! $!/!$ aGIS a& .4st ,#(

th! %(a0hica$i"t!(,ac! t# aatabas!

Th! a.#(it& #, GISa00$icati#"s ,#$$#*this !7a 0$! Linked database tableLinked database table

Spatial dataSpatial data

SQL Query Manager SQL Query Manager

Map#n!oMap#n!o


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G!#-(!$ati#"a$ Data M# !$s

6i"1! tab$!s bas! #" th! (!$ati#"a$ # !$@ b4t st#(i"% %!#%(a0hica$ i",#( ati#" s4ch as: ' G!# !t(& ' T#0#$#%&

' Att(ib4t!s


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GIS + A"a$&sisI" th! c#"t!7t #, GIS@ a"a$&sis is

“ Deriving new information from existing data” It is a$s# th! a"i04$ati#" #, ata t# s#$/! a 0(#b$!

! %identify all areas within - m of a lake

I"c(!asi"% 4s! is a ! #, th! a"a$&tica$ ca0abi$iti!s #, GIS@ ;UTa"& GIS 0(#.!cts #"$& 4s! th! s#,t*a(! t# st#(! a" a"a%!

%!#%(a0hica$ ata

Y!t a"a$&sis #,t!" (!$i!s #" a"& si 0$! basic GIS t!ch"i54!s


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Si 0$! F4!(&Th! i !"ti,icati#" #, #b.!cts a" th!i( att(ib4t!s!ith!( b& $#cati#" #( att(ib4t! 54!(&

Map#n!oMap#n!o


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;4,,!(i"%

C(!ati#" #, a" a(!a #, i"t!(!st a(#4" a" #b.!ct ' 0(#7i it& a"a$&sis a" !"/i(#" !"ta$ i 0act ass!ss !"t

Map#n!oMap#n!o


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O/!($a&s6a&!(: A th! atic 0$a"! #, GIS ,!at4(!s c#"tai"i"%%!#%(a0hica$$& a" $#%ica$$& (!$at! ataO/!($a&i"% i"/#$/!s s40!(i 0#si"% t*# #( #(! a0 $a&!(s t#

0(# 4c! a "!* a0 $a&!(

E7a 0$!: a "!* %!"!tica$$& !"%i"!!(! /a(i!t& #, *h!at %(#*s *!$$ i" (&!"/i(#" !"ts@ *ith $#"% %(#*i"% s!as#"s a" a$1a$i"! s#i$s Gi/!" th!a/ai$abi$it& #, ata #" th! $!"%th #, th! %(#*i"% s!as#"@ #ist4(! (!%i ! a"s#i$ a$1a$i"it&@ *h!(! is th! b!st 0$ac! t# 0$a"t th! *h!at? ' #/!($a&i"% s40!(i 0#si"%) s!/!(a$ a0s sh#*i"% s!0a(at!$&) *at!(-b4 %!t@

%(#*i"% s!as#" $!"%th@ s#i$ 0H@ s# i4 c#"t!"t@ a" s# #" Th! GIS a"a$&sis ca"

!stab$ish th! $#cati#"s *h!(! a$$ th! ,a/#(ab$! s#i$ c#" iti#"s c#i"ci !@ as th! 0$ac!s*h!(! th! *h!at *i$$ %(#* b!st


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8

The benefits of GIS include:

;!tt!( i",#( ati#" a"a%! !"t

Hi%h!( 54a$it& a"a$&sis

Abi$it& t# ca((& #4t *hat i,? sc!"a(i#s

I 0(#/! 0(#.!ct !,,ici!"c&


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GIS A00$icati#"s

aci$iti!s a"a%! !"tMa(1!ti"% a" (!tai$i"%E"/i(#" !"ta$T(a"s0#(tB/!hic$! (#4ti"%

H!a$th a" a"& #(!


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T!((!st(ia$ a" a!(ia$

0h#t#%(a !t(&IMAGES

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diploma Gis own ppt