DNA Structure, Replication & Expression Page 1

Normal DNA5' TAC ACA GAA GGA GAG GGA ACA ATT 3'Met Cys Leu Pro Leu Pro Cys Stop

Mutated5' TAC GAC AGA AGG AGA GGG AAC AAT 3'Met Leu Ser Ser Ser Pro Leu PheWhat type of mutation is shown?

1

A substitutionB deletionC insertionD translocation

Normal DNA5' TAC ACA GAA GGA GAG GGA ACA ATT 3' Met Cys Leu Pro Leu Pro Cys Stop

Mutated5' TAC GAC AGA AGG AGA GGG AAC AAT 3' Met Leu Ser Ser Ser Pro Leu PheWhat effect has the mutation had on the codon sequence?

2

A transpositionB trinucleotide repeatC inversionD frameshift

A mobile segment of DNA that travels from one location on a chromosome to another, oneelement of genetic change

3

A transcriptionB translationC transposonD DNA methylation

The synthesis of polypeptides from the genetic information coded in mRNA4

A transcriptionB translationC transposonD DNA methylation

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template5

A transcriptionB translationC transposonD DNA methylation

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DNA Structure, Replication & Expression Page 2

Which of the following is an example of a missense mutation?6

A a nucleotide is replaced with an incorrect nucleotide that destroys thefunction of the final protein

B a nucleotide pair substitution occurs thus coding for a possible incorrectamino acid, but translation continues

C a frameshift mutation occurs producing a nonfunctional proteinD a nucleotide pair is added into a gene destroying the reading frame of the

genetic message

Which is an example of a nonsense mutation?7

A a chemical change occurs in just one base pair and has no effect on the finalprotein

B part of the gene breaks off & travels to a distant location on thechromosome

C a substitution occurs that changes a regular amino acid codon into a stopcodon

D a substitution occurs that changes a regular amino acid codon into a startcodon & creating 2 unfinished proteins

At the end of DNA replication, each of the daughter molecules has one old strand from theparent DNA and one strand that is newly synthesized. Therefore, DNA replication isdescribed as

8

A conservativeB mostly conservativeC semiconservativeD nonconservative

Which of the following exists as DNA surrounded by a protein coat?9

A a retrovirusB a virusC a eukaryoteD a prokaryote

Why is the gene activity rate of E. coli so much higher than the other cell types?10

A Prokaryotes have noncoding sequences called intronsB Prokaryotes have alternative splicing to follow transcriptionC Eukaryotes have noncoding DNA sequences called intronsD Eukaryotes have repressible operons to control gene activity

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Which of the following is an example of a nonsense mutation?11

A a nucleotide is replaced with an incorrect nucleotide that stops translation &prematurely ends protein production

B a nucleotide pair substitution occurs thus coding for a possible incorrectamino acid, but translation continues

C a frameshift mutation occurs producing a nonfunctional proteinD a nucleotide pair is added into a gene destroying the reading frame of the

genetic message

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating12

A purines and pyrimidinesB nitrogen-containing basesC hydrogen bondsD sugar and phosphate molecules

Adenine and guanine are13

A double-ringed purinesB single-ringed purinesC double-ringed pyrimidinesD single-ringed pyrimidines

The significance of Griffith's experiment using 2 strains of pneumonia-causing bacteria isthat it demonstrated

14

A the conserving nature of DNA replication was demonstratedB harmless cells had become permanently transformed into pathogens through

a change in the hereditary materialC pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria and injected into

harmless strains transformed them into pathogenic strainsD radioactively labeled bacteriophages transfer their DNA, but not their protein

coats to their host bacteria

Chargaff's requirement that A=T and C=G suggested that15

A cytosine pair up with guanine & thymine pair up with adenineB the 2 strands in DNA run in opposite directionsC the number of adenine in DNA relative to the number of guanine differs from

one species to the nextD the replication process must necessarily be semiconservative

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What process is happening at location 2?16

A transcriptionB translationC splicing of intronsD replication

2 refers to17

A intronB exonC geneD mRNA

Type of bond that links the parts of 4 together18

A hydrogenB disulfideC peptideD ionic

Transcription19

A occurs on the surface of a ribosomeB is the final process in assembly of protein DNA templateC occurs during the synthesis of RNA by use of a DNA templateD is catalyzed by DNA polymerase

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___ carries the actual instructions for a protein's sequence to the ribosome.20

A DNAB mRNAC rRNAD tRNA

___ carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primarystructure of a polypeptide

21

A mRNAB tRNAC an intronD rRNA

tRNA differs from other types of RNA because it22

A transfers genetic instructions from cell nucleus to cytoplasmB specifies the amino acid sequence of a particular proteinC carries an amino acid at one endD contains codons

___ catalyzes the process of transcription.23

A RNA polymeraseB DNA polymeraseC PhenylketonuriaD tRNA

___ and ___ are found in RNA but not in DNA24

A deoxyribose, uracilB uracil, riboseC deoxyribose, thymineD thymine, ribose

If each kind of single nucleotide were able to code for only one kind of amino acid, howmany different amino acids could be selected?

25

A 4B 16C 20D 64

The genetic code is composed of ___ codons26

A 4B 16C 43 = 64D 34 = 81

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The cause of sickle-cell anemia has been traced to ___27

A a mosquito-transmitted virusB 2 DNA mutations resulting in 2 amino acid changesC 3 DNA mutations result in a nonsense mutationD 1 DNA mutation resulting in one incorrect amino acid

In Hershey and Chase experiment28

A radioactive phosphorus was used to indicate DNA was genetic materialB radioactive phosphorus was used to indicate proteins were genetic materialC radioactive sulfur was used to indicate DNA was genetic materialD radioactive sulfur was used to indicate proteins were genetic material

During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with DNA sequence TATGA?29

A TATGAB UAUGAC AUACUD ATACT

In which of the following ways does RNA differ from DNA?30

A RNA contains uracil and deoxyriboseB RNA contains ribose and thymineC RNA contains uracil and riboseD RNA contains adenine and ribose

A section of DNA contains 22% thymine. How much guanine would be expected in thesame strand?

31

A 22%B 28%C 44%D 56%

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DNA Structure, Replication & Expression Page 7

Answer Key :

Question: Answer

DNA Structure, Replication & Expression

C1D2C3B4A5B6C7C8B9C10A11D12A13B14A15A16C17C18C19B20B21C22A23B24A25C26D27A28D29C30B31

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