Mc lc:Chng 1: Gii thiu chung v PLC21.1Tm hiu v PLC- S7-20021.1.1Khi qut v PLC21.1.2Gii thiu v cc module m rng6Chng 2:Phn tch cng ngh v xy dng m hnh h thng122.1 Cu to122.2 Nguyn L hot ng122.3 Cc yu cu h thng cn t c132.4 M hnh H thng13Chng 3: Thc Hin133.1 La chn thit b133.1.1La chn cm bin133.1.2La chn tank v my bm203.2S mch lc v mch iu khin223.2.1 u li vi PLC S7-200223.2.2 Mch iu khin My bm v mch lc233.3Gin thi gian(Lu thut ton)243.4 Vit chng trinh m phng bng Microwin26Chng 4: Kt Lun294.1Chy th chng trnh294.2Nhng iu t c v hn ch29

Chng 1: Gii thiu chung v PLC1.1 Tm hiu v PLC- S7-2001.1.1 Khi qut v PLCPLC l cc b iu khin logic kh trnh, ting anh l: "Programmable Logic Controller", PLC c xp vo trong h my tnh, c s dng trong cc ng dng cng nghip v thng mi.PLC c bit s dng trong cc ng dng hot ng logic iu khin chui s kin, duy tr bin s theo gi tr khng i hoc hm cho trc.PLC c y chc nng v tnh ton nh vi x l, ngoi ra PLC c tch hp thm mt hm chuyn dng nh b iu khin PID, dch chuyn khi d liu, khi truyn thng,PLC c nhng u im: C kch thc nh, c thit k v tng bn chu c rung ng, nhit, m v ting n, ng tin cy R tin i vi cc ng dng iu khin cho h thng phc tp D dng v nhanh chng thay i cu trc ca mch iu khin PLC c chc nng kim tra li, chn on li C th nhn i cc ng dng nhanh v t tn kmMt PLC c bn gm:1. B ngun: cung cp thit b v cc module m rng c kt ni vo.2. CPU: thc hin chng trnh v d liu iu khin t ng tc v hoc qu trnh.3. Vng nh4. Cc ng vo, ra: gm cc ng vo, ra s, ng vo ra tng t. cc ng dung quan st tn hiu t bn ngoi a vo. Ng ra dung iu khin cc thit b ngoi vi trong qu trnh.5. Cc cng, module truyn thng: dung ni CPU vi cc thit b khc kt ni thnh mng, x l thc hin truyn thng gia cc trm trong mng6. Cc loi module chc nng:Phn loi PLCPLC c phn lm 2 loi theo phn cng: PLC kiu hp n ( thng s dng trong cc thit b lp trnh c nh) PLC kiu module ( gm cc module ring cho b ngun, b x l)

CPU thng c: B thut ton logic B nh B iu khinCu trc bn trong ca PLC

Hnh 1.5: Cu trc bn trong ca PLCMt h thng lp trnh c bn phi gm c 2 phn: Khi x l trung tm CPU H thng giao tip vo raTrong : Thit b u vo gm cc thit b to ra tn hiu iu khin Input, Output cc cng ni vo ra ca PLC hay cc module m rng C cu chp hnh gm cc thit b iu khin Chng trnh iu khin Khi iu khin trung tm gm 3 phn: b x l, h thng b nh v h thng cung cp ngun

Hnh 1.6: S khi tng qut CPUC nhiu loi b nh ngi dung la chn theo mc ch hay yu cu s dng:1. ROM: B nh ch c khng nh, dung lu tr chng trnh c nh, khng thay i thng dung cho nh sn xut PLC2. RAM: B nh truy xut ngu nhin dung lu d liu v chng trnh cho ngi s dng3. EPROM: ROM lp trnh c th xa c4. EEPROM: electrically EPROM PLC S7-200 CPU- 224 AC/ DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.7: S7-200 CPU- 224CPU c cp ngun 220V AC. Tch hp 14 ng vo s ( mc 1 l 24V DC- mc 0 l 0V DC) v 10 ng ra dng r-le M t n bo trn S7- 200 SF (n ): bo hiu khi PLC b hng hc RUN (n xanh): bo hiu PLC ang ch lm vic thc hin chng trnh np trong my STOP (n vng): bo hiu PLC ch dng, khng thc hin chng trnh hin c Ix.x (n xanh): ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Ix.x Qx.x (n xanh): ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Qx.x Cch u ni ng vo ra ca PLC

Hnh 1.8: Cch u ni S7- 200 v cc module m rngS7- 200 v cc module vo ra c ni vi nhau bng dy ni. Hai u dy ni c bo v bn trong PLC v module. Chng ta c th k ni PLC v module st nhau bo v hon ton dy ni. CPU- 224 cho php m rng ti a 7 module.1.1.2 Gii thiu v cc module m rng1) .Module EM223 16I/ 16Q DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.9: Hnh nh Module EM223 16I/ 16Q DC/ RELAYModule ny c gn thng qua cp ti CPU- 224 v s dng ngun trc tip ca CPUModule c 16 ng vo dng s v 16 ng ra dng r-lea ch bt u t I2.0 cho ng vo v Q2.0 cho ng ra2) Module EM223 4I/ 4Q DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.10: Hnh nh Module EM223 4I/ 4Q DC/ RELAYModule ny tch hp 4 ng vo dng s v 4 ng ra dng r-lea ch bt u I0.4 ng vo v Q0.4 ng ra

3) Module analog EM235

Hnh 1.11: Hnh nh Module analog EM235

c tnh k thut. S lng ng vo: 3 S lng ng ra : 1Thng s ng ra:- in p:10V, phn gii 12 bits- Dng in: 0 20mA, phn gii 11bitsThng s ng vo:-in p ti a 30V, phn gii 12 bits-Dng in ti a 32mA, phn gii 12bitsGi tr s:-32000 n 32000: c du0 n 32000: khng du Nguyn tc u vo ca MODULE ANALOG

Hnh 1.12: Nguyn tc u vo ca MODULE ANALOG Nguyn l u ra ca MODULE ANALOG:

Hnh 1.13: Nguyn l u ra ca MODULE ANALOGnh dng d liu u vo. D liu u vo: i vi di tn hiu o khng i xng (0-10V, 0-20mA):MSDLSB151432100D liu 12 bits000

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo (p, dng) thnh gi tr s t 0- 32000 i vi di tn hiu o i xng(V d 10V, 10mA):MSBLSBD liu 12 bit0000

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo p, dng thnh gi tr s t 0 -32000/32000

Ci t tm hot ng:

Ci t cc switch 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 cho php thay i gii hn o ca chuyn i.

iu chnh li v offset1. Tt ngun ca Modul, chn tm ng v thch hp.2. Cp ngun cho CPU vModul. cho modul n nh trong vng 15 pht.3. S dng my pht tn hiu, ngun p hoc ngun dng t tn hiu c gi tr bng 0 ti mt trong nhng u ni ca ng vo.4. c gi tr thu c cho CPU bng knh ng vo thch hp.5. iu chnh OFFSET ca my o in th cho n khi bng 0, hoc gi tr d liu dng s mong mun.6. Kt ni mt gi tr ton thang ti mt trong nhng u ni ca ng vo. c d liu thu c cho CPU.7. iu chnh GAINca my o in th cho n khi bng 32000, hoc gi tr d liu dng s mong mun.8. Lp li s chnh nh OFFSET v GAIN theo yu cu.

Chng 2:Phn tch cng ngh v xy dng m hnh h thng2.1 Cu toH thng cp nc Sinh hot y bao gm: 1) My bm cng sut ln: Hai my bm vo tank cha PUMP1,2. Hai my bm cp nc cho h sinh hot: PUMP3,4.2) Cm bin mc: S6,S7,S9 v S11 ln lt t cc mc t thp n cao trn thnh ca tank.3) Tank cha: Lm bng Inox,thep hoc b tng.4) Cc nt n iu khin :S1 ch MANUAL (bng tay),S2 iu khin PUMP1,S3 iu khin PUMP3,S4 ch AUTO (t ng)5) PLC cc cng tc t v thit v bo v : kt hp v iu khin cc bm PUMP1-4 vi cc cm bin iu khin theo ng yu cu.2.2 Nguyn L hot ngCh bng tay:Nhn nt MANUAL(S1) cho php th cc PUMP1 v PUMP3 c lp nhau. Nhn nt S2 th PUMP1 bm nc vo b cho n khi S11=1 th dng li. Khi nhn nt S3 th PUMP3 bm nc cp cho cc h sinh hot cho n khi S6=0 th dng li. Nhn Stop h thng s dng.Ch t ng :PUMP1,2 bm nc vo b cha cho n khi S9=1 th tt PUMP1(PUMP2 tip tc),PUMP3,4 hot ng bm nc n cc h sinh hot ,n khi S7=1 th PUMP3 dng v bt PUMP1 tr li.2.3 Cc yu cu h thng cn t c H thng hot ng ng theo yu cu t ra khi thc hin iu khin ch mt ch c th hot ng v c s chuyn i linh hot gia cc ch m bo an ton cho thit b v ngi vn hnh m bo tnh kinh t2.4 M hnh H thngH thng cung cp nc cho mt khu dn c c 1000 h tiu th bao gm cc thnh phn sau:

Chng 3: Thc Hin3.1 La chn thit b3.1.1 La chn cm bin3.1.1.1.Mc ch v phng php o Mc ch vic o v pht hin mc cht lu l xc nh mc v khi lng cht lu trong bnh cha.C hai dng o: o lin tc v o theo ngng.khi o lin tc bin hoc tn s cho bit th tch cht lu cn li trong bnh cha.khi xc nh theo ngng , cm bin a ra tn hiu dng nh phn cho bit thong tin v tnh trng hin ti ca mc ngng c t hay khng.C ba phng php hay dung trong k thut o v pht hin mc cht lu:1. Phng php thy tnh dung bin i in1. Phng php da trn tnh cht in ca cht lu1. Phng php bc x da trn s tng tc bc x v cht lu3.1.1.1.1.Phng php thy tnhPhng php thy tnh dung o mc cht lu trong bnh cha. trn hnh gii thiu mt s o mc bang phng php thy tnh.

Hnh3.1.1 : s o mc theo phng php thy tnh1. Dng phao cu1. Dng phao tr1. Dng cm bin p sut vi saiTrong s i hnh a phao (1) ni trn mt cht lu c ni vi i trng (5) bng dy mm (2) qua cc rng rc (3), (4). Khi mc cht lu thay di, phao (1) nng ln hoc hi xung lm quay rng rc (4), mt cm bin v tr gn vi trc quay ca rng rocjsex cho tn hiu t l vi mc cht lu.Trong s hnh b, phao hnh tr (1) nhng mnh trong cht lu, pha trn c treo mt cm bin o lc (2). Trong qu trnh o, cm bin chu tc ng ca mt lc F t l vi chiu cao mc cht lu.F= P p.g.ShTrong :P - trng lng phaoh - chiu cao phn ngp trong cht lu ca phaop - khi lng ring ca cht lug gia tc trng trng.trn s hnh c, s dng mt cm bin p sut vi sai dng mng (1) t st y bnh cha. mt mt ca mng cm bin chu p sut cht lu gy ra:p= p0 + pghMt khc ca cc mng cm bin chu tc ng ca p sut p0 bng p nh bnh cha. Chnh lch p sut p p0 sinh ra lc tc dng ln magnf ca cm bin lm n bin dng. Bin dng ca mng t l vi chiu cao hh ca cht lu trong bnh cha c chuyn i thnh tn hiu in nh cc b bin i thch hp.3.1.1.1.2.Phng php inCc cm bin o mc bng phng php theo nguyn tc chuyn i trc tip bin thin mc cht lng thnh tn hiu in ca cht lu. Cc cm bin thng dung l cm bin dn v cm bin in dung.3.1.1.1.3.Phng php bc xCm bin bc x cho php o mc cht lu m khng cn tip cc vi mi trng o, u im rt thch hp khi o mc iu kin c nhit , p sut cao hoc mi trng c tnh n mn mnh.Trong phng php ny cm bin gm mt ngun pht tia (1) v b thu (2) t hai pha ca bnh cha. Ngun pht l mt ngun pht tia bc x ( ngun 60Co hoc 137Cs), b thu l mt ngun ion ha. ch pht hin mc ngng ngun pht v b thu t i din nhau v tr ngang mc ngng cn pht hin, chum tia ca ngun pht mnh v gn nh song song. Ty thuc vo mc cht lu cao hn hay thp hn mc ngng m chum tia n b thu s b suy gim hoc khng, b thu s pht ra tn hiu tng ng vi cc trng thi so vi mc ngng. ch o mc lin tc, ngun pht pht ra chum tia vi mt gc m rng qut ln ton b chiu cao ca mc cht lu cn kim tra v b thu.

Hnh3.1.2 : cm bin o bng tia bc x1. ngun pht tia bc x (2) b thu (3) cht lukhi mc cht lu (3) tang do s hp th ca cht lu tang, chum tia n b thu (2) s b suy gim, do tn hiu ra t b thu s gim theo. mc suy gim ca chum tia bc x t l vi mc cht lu trong bnh cha3.1.1.2Mt s loi cm bin o mc cht lu cm bin dnCc cm bin dn loi ny dung o mc cc cht c tnh dn in. trn hnh gii thiu mt s cm bin dn o mc thong dng.

Hnh 3.1.3: cm bin dn1. cm bin hai in cc1. cm bin mt in cc1. cm bin mc pht hin mcS cm bin hnh a gm hai in cc hnh tr nhung trong cht lng dn in. trong ch o lien tc, cc in cc c ni vi ngun xoay chiu ~10V. Dng in chy qua cc in cc c bin o t l vi chiu di ca phn in cc nhng trong chm trong cht lng.S cm bin hnh b ch s dng mt in cc, in cc th hai l bnh cha bng kiem loi.S cm bin hnh c dung pht hin ngng, gm hai in cc ngn t theo phng ngang, in cc cn li ni vi thnh bnh kim loi, vt r mi in cc ngn ng vi mt mc ngng. Khi mc cht lng t ti in cc, dng in trong mch thay i v bin . cm bin t inKhi cht lng l cht cch in, c th to t in bng hai in cc hnh tr nhng trong cht lng hoc mt in cc kt hp vi mt in cc th hai l thnh bnh cha nu thnh bnh cha l kim loi. Cht in mi gia hai in cc chnh l cht lng trong bnh cha. Vic o mc cht lu c chuyn thnh o in dung ca t in, in dung ny thay i theo mc cht lng trong bnh cha. iu kin p dng phng php ny l hng s in mi ca cht lng phi ln hn ng k hng s in mi ca khng kh.Trong trng hp cht lu l cht dn in, to t in ngi ta dung mt in cc kim loi bn ngoi c ph cach in, lp ph cach in ng vai tr cht in mi cn cht lu ng vai tr in cc th hai.3.1.1.3 Chn cm bin Da vo nguyn l,u- nhc im ca cc phng php trn v yu cu bi ton ta chn cm bin phao t FineTek FF Side Mounting Float Swich.

Hnh 3.1.4: Cm bin FineTek FF Side Mounting Float SwichNguyn l hoat ng:y l loi cm bin mc cht lng kiu gn theo sn bn cha v hot ng da theo nguyn l n gin l ni trn b mt cht lng (lc y trong long cht lng).Khi mc cht lng thay i v ln cao n mc gn phao t ,phao t s thay i gc v tip im li g trong phao s chuyn trng thi ON,OFF hoc c cu c kh s thay i trng thi ca Micro switch t trng thi ON sang OFF hoc ngc liTnh nng : C th ty chn tip im li g Kt ni lp t bng mc nh tiu chun hoc theo yu cu kt cu (JIS,DIN,ANSI) C th chn loi phao ni trn cc cht lng khc nhau (SG) Phn nhng chm trong cht lng c th ty chn vt liu SUS304 hoc SUS316,cng nh c th ty chn loi phng nV tr c th lp t trn tank:

Hnh 3.1.5: V tr lp t cm bin phaoTheo yu cu u bi ta s lp t 4 cm bin phao thnh ca tank theo khong cch nh sauCm bin 1: t cch thnh trn ca tank 0.5mCm bin 2: t di cm bin 1cch 0.5 mCm bin 3: t cch y tank 0.5 mCm bin 4: t di cm bin 3 cch 0.5m3.1.2 La chn tank v my bmGi s lng nc tiu th binh qun trong mt ngy ca mi h l 2 m3 th vi 1000 h dn l 2000 m3/ngyLng nc tiu th bnh qun trong 1h:L=2000/(24 -6) ~ 111m3/h (tr i 6 ting ban m) Theo yu cu bi c hai my bm cp nc vo tank v hai my bm cp nc n h dn:Cng sut bnh qun ca mi my bm l:P= 111/2~56 m3/h3.1.2.1 Chn my bm Chn my bm cp nc cho tank:Chn hai my bm nc ly tm lu lng ln APP W Series m hiu W-500

Thng s:

ModeloutputoutletMaxMaxDimensionweight

hpkWmmInchhead(M)LPMLxWxHkg

w-50053,71004"191000570x350x37047

c im k thut : V bc motor bng nhm,nh v lm mt cc tt D tho g trong vic kim tra v bo tr Tit kim khong trng v hiu sut cao Chn my bm cp nc n cc h tiu thChn hai my bm nc ly tm lu lng ln APP W Series m hiu W-300ModeloutputoutletMaxMaxDimensionweight

hpkWmmInchhead(M)LPMLxWxHkg

w-30032,2803"19850440x270x27030

3.1.2.2 Chn tankS dng tank ng 100m3 bng ionx hoc xy dng bng b tng3.2 S mch lc v mch iu khin3.2.1 u li vi PLC S7-200Cc bin u vo c ni vi ngun 24VDC v cc bin u ra c li vi ngun 220v DC

Hnh 3.2.1: S u dy PLCBng tn hiu u vo ra: Tn hiu u vo t I0.0-I1.1 Tn hiu u ra t Q0.0-Q0.6

Hnh3.2.2:Bng a ch3.2.2 Mch iu khin My bm v mch lcV my bm l ng c 3 pha nn khi khi ng c dng ln ta cn hn ch dng khi ng .Ta s dng phng php i li sao-tam gic gii quyt vn ny.

3.3 Gin thi gian(Lu thut ton)

Hnh3.3:Lu thut ton3.4 Vit chng trinh m phng bng Microwin

Chng 4: Kt Lun4.1 Chy th chng trnhCc tnh hung c bn xy ra khi thao tc: Th1: Chy h thng cc ch ring l Manual hoc Auto Th2: ang chy h thng ch Manual chuyn sang ch Auto v ngc li Th3:Khi ng h thng v mt hay nhiu cm bin tc ng khi cha chn ch lm vic.Thao tc kim tra tng ch lm vic4.2 Nhng iu t c v hn chH thng chy ng theo yu cu ca u bi ra, n bao gm y cc phn yu cu.Nhng so vi h thng cp nc thc t th cn thiu st rt nhiu.Vd: o p sut ca tank,ng ng,lu lng trong ng ,Reset khi PLC li