Do Now 1.What is the field of view in mm and in um? 2.What
would the Amoeba look like under high power?
Slide 2
Do Now 1.What is the approximate size of this cell? (what if 4
cells across?) (8 cells?) 2.What is the smallest unit of life? Why
? 3.What would you do to center this image ? A B
Slide 3
DO NOW 1.How do you create a wet mount? How would you add a
stain/dye? 2.Explain what to do going from low to high power. What
happens to your field of view?
Slide 4
Cells Cells, Levels of Organization, Cell Theory, Plant Cell,
Animal Cell, Organelles, Types of Organelles
Slide 5
Cells What are they? What is LIFE made of?
Slide 6
What is a Cell? Living things might be made up of billions or
trillions of cells. These are multicellular organisms. A living
thing may be made up of one cell. Just like this unicellular
Amoeba.
Slide 7
1.All cells carry on life functions 2.New cells arise from
other living cells not from nonliving matter 3.All life is made of
one or more cells 4.Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in living things The Cell Theory What Exactly are
Cells
Slide 8
Cell Theory Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dscY_2Q QbKU
3 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dscY_2Q QbKU Who came up with the
term cell? What was he looking at under his microscope?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylw H9DU 6
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylw H9DU
Slide 9
Exceptions to the Cell Theory Viruses are not cells They
contain genetic material But they need another cell to inject their
genetic material into in order to reproduce The first cell could
not have arisen from a previously existing cell Mitochondria and
Chloroplasts are cell organelles that contain their own genetic
material. They can reproduce independently of the cell
Slide 10
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living
things You are completely made up of cells According to National
Geographic, you are made up of about 37.2 trillion cells (not
counting microbes)!! Cells are the smallest living structure that
carries out life processes Cells come together to make more complex
structures Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems
Organisms
Slide 11
Slide 12
How Big is a Cell Compared to Atoms, Tissues and Organs?
Slide 13
Levels of Organization Atom Molecule Two or more atoms together
Organelle Inside a cell Cell Tissue Collection of similar cells
Organ Collection of tissues joined to serve a common function Organ
System Group of organs that work together to perform a certain task
Organism
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Construct a Hierarchy of Organization Cell Organ Molecule Atom
Organism Tissue Organelle Organ System
Slide 17
Slide 18
Recap What is the Cell Theory? What are some exceptions?
Slide 19
Ok, We know how organelles, cells, tissues and organs are
organized. But what is all that stuff in cells that we mentioned?
ORGANELLES
Slide 20
So what are Organelles? Scientists observed many small
structures located inside the cell called ORGANELLES Organelles
literally means Little Organs
Slide 21
So what are Organelles? Organelles perform all the life
functions that keep the cell alive Just like our organs perform our
life functions keeping us alive We are a bunch of cells put
together. So we share the same needs as cells. Cells need food,
water, oxygen, waste removal, energy, transport We need food,
water, oxygen, waste removal, energy, transport
Slide 22
Lets look at Organelles!
Slide 23
First there are 2 major Types of Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm
Slide 24
Typical Animal Cell
Slide 25
Typical Plant Cell
Slide 26
The Nucleus The Director tells everyone on a movie set what to
do The nucleus is the command center Nucleus directs the synthesis
of proteins in the cell Contains DNA (Genetic Material) Nucleolus
nuclear organelle that makes ribosomes
Slide 27
The Mighty Mitochondria Power house of cell Site of aerobic
cellular respiration Where ATP (energy) is produced I need energy
to run a marathon! I need energy to life all this weight!
Slide 28
Ribosomes Protein factory Site of protein synthesis Example: a
hormone (insulin)
Slide 29
Vacuole Vacuole = stores various materials such as water,
wastes and food What do you notice about plant vacuoles? Animal
Vacuole Plant Cell Vacuole
Slide 30
Centriole ONLY in ANIMAL CELLS Play a part in cell division
Cylinder shaped
Slide 31
Chloroplasts Chloroplasts are found ONLY in PLANT CELLS They
are the site of Photosynthesis (energy is made) If you look at
chloroplasts up close, they look like they have stacks of pancakes
in them
Slide 32
Cell Wall Rigid structure found ONLY in PLANT CELLS Gives plant
cell its shape and used for protection Plant cells have a plasma
membrane and cell wall Cell Wall Close Up
Slide 33
Cell Membrane: Plasma Membrane Selective Permeability: Allows
certain material to pass through the cell membrane only In BOTH
PLANT and ANIMAL cells
Golgi Apparatus Warehouse of the cell (like the UPS) Flattened
membrane sacks that package, store and release molecules to the
outside of a cell
Slide 36
Endoplasmic Reticulum Used to transport materials throughout
the cell Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - has ribosomes attached to
its surface Synthesizes proteins that will leave cell Smooth
Endoplasmic Reticulum no ribosomes attached to its surface
Synthesizes material for the inside the cell & cell
membrane
Slide 37
Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance that fills most of the cell
Mostly made of water The medium or fluid between the plasma
membrane and the nucleus
Slide 38
Lets Compare Animal to Plant Cells Animal CellsPlant Cells
Slide 39
Label the parts of the animal cell
Slide 40
Label the parts of the plant cell
Slide 41
Life Function Organelle Organ System
Slide 42
Does Every Cell Have Organelles?
Slide 43
Cell Categories
Slide 44
Prokaryotic Cells Pro = before karyon = nucleus Earliest type
of cell NO membrane bound NUCLEUS NO membrane bound ORGANELLES
Relatively small ( 5 to 10 um) Include all bacteria
Slide 45
Eukaryotic Cells Eu = True Karyon = Nucleus HAS membrane bound
NUCLEUS HAS membrane bound ORGANELLES Includes all plants, animals,
fungi
Slide 46
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
Slide 47
Check Point What is a cell? Cell Theory: Levels of
organization: What is an organelle? Do all cells have organelles?
Two major types of cells: