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How would you write the name of the following compoundsZn(OH)2NaOHHClMg(NO3)2

What does an acid do to red litmus?What does an acid to do blue litmus?How can we tell the pH of a substance?DO NOW!!Ions table of ions open in work book

Flame test

ReviewCommon examples?The Lab

ACIDS:Hydrochloric acid HClNitric acid HNO3Sulfuric acid H2SO4Ethanoic acid CH3COOH

BASES:Sodium hydroxide NaOHPotassium hydroxide KOHCalcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2Ammonia NH3Everyday Life

ACIDS:Tartaric acidCitric acidDNACarbonic acid

BASES:Magnesium hydroxideLimestoneGarden limeBaking sodaIndicatorCOLOURIn acidic solutionIn neutral solutionIn alkaline solutionLitmus Paper(red or blue)Red stays redBlue turns redRed stays redBlue stays blueRed turns blueBlue stays blueUniversal IndicatorRed, orange, yellowGreenBlue, purple(B FOR BLUE & BASIC)

NeutralisationWhen an acidic solution is mixed with an alkaline solution a NEUTRALISATION reaction occurs

H+ ions in acid, react with OH- of the base forming water

H+ + OH- H2ONeutralisationHCl solution mixed with NaOH

Some H+ reacted not all solution still acidic

Complete neutralisation when all the H+ have reacted with OH-

FINAL SOLUTION WILL CONTAIN Na+ and Cl- ions evaporation = NaCl crystalsExample:In your lab groupAt least 8 test tubesTwo beakersUniversal IndicatorTest tube rack

Challenge: Create the best looking rainbow of pH using your acids (HCl) and base (NaOH)

Use the neutralisation reaction To Do:

Acid + Base = ???

What is an ionic compound?

When writing ionic formula does the metal change its name of the non-metal?DO NOW!!Acid + Base = ???? + ????Write the salts formed from the following reactions (word equation)Sulfuric Acid + Sodium HydroxideHydrochloric acid + Potassium HydroxideNitric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide

Write ionic formula for the salts produced

ION QUIZ

DO NOWReaction 1 - NeutralisationACID + BASE SALT + WATERe.g. hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide sodium chloride + watere.g. sulfuric acid + potassium hydroxide potassium sulfate + waterHCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O H2SO4 + KOH K2SO4 + H202Salts made from acidsAcidFormulaSaltsHydrochloricHClChloridesSulfuricH2SO4SulfatesNitricHNO4NitratesEthanoicCH3COOHEthanoatesWhich salt is made?Nitric acid + Sodium hydroxide

Sulfuric acid + Potassium hydroxide

Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium oxide

Ethanoic acid + Sodium hydroxideSodium nitratePotassium sulfateMagnesium chlorideSodium ethanoateReaction 1 - NeutralisationACID + BASE SALT + WATERQuestion: What sorts of compounds act as bases in this case?Answer: Metal oxides and metal hydroxidesMgOCuOFe2O3ZnOMg(OH)2Cu(OH)2Ca(OH)2NaOHKOHEquations(1) Hydrogen chloride + Magnesium oxide Magnesium chloride + Water(2) Nitric acid + Sodium hydroxide + Sodium nitrate + Water(3) Sulfuric acid + Calcium hydroxide Calcium sulfate + WaterHCl + MgO MgCl2 + H2O HNO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + H2O H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO4 + H2O 22More neutralisation reactions1. Hydrochloric acid + Zinc oxide Zinc chloride + water2. Nitric acid + Copper oxide Copper Nitrate + water3. _____ + Sodium hydroxide Sodium sulfate + water4. Hydrochloric acid + Iron oxide ___________ + waterMore neutralisation reactions1. Hydrochloric acid + Zinc oxide Zinc chloride + water2. Nitric acid + Copper oxide + Zinc nitrate + water3. Sulfuric Acid + Sodium hydroxide Sodium sulfate + water4. Hydrochloric acid + Iron oxide + ___________ + water HCl + Fe2O3 FeCl3 + H2OHCl + ZnO ZnCl2 + H2OH2SO4 + NaOH Na2SO4 + H2OHNO3 + CuO + Cu(NO3)2 + H2OIron chloride222 2362 Useful neutralisation

1. Antacid (anti-acid) tablets Stomach acid (HCl) causes heartburn

Quick-eze contain a base, magnesium hydroxide - Mg(OH)2

The base neutralises the stomach acid, relieving the symptoms of heartburnHydrochloric acid + Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium chloride+ waterUseful neutralisation

2. Toothpaste and tooth decayBacteria on our teeth produce acids as part of their metabolism

The acid wears away the enamel on our teeth

Toothpaste is basic, this helps to neutralise the acid and prevent tooth decayPast exam paper:

Epsom salt has the chemical formula MgSO4. It can be prepared by reacting an acid with magnesium hydroxide

Give the chemical name for MgSO4Name the acid used in this reaction

Write the word equations for the preparation ofMgSO4

This reaction is described as a neutralisation reaction: Explain what is meant by neutralisation reaction Past exam paper:Epsom salt has the chemical formula MgSO4. It can be prepared by reacting an acid with magnesium hydroxide

Give the chemical name for MgSO4 Magnesium sulfateName the acid used in this reaction Sulfuric acid

Write the word equations for the preparation of MgSO4 Magnesium hydroxide + sulfuric acid = magnesium sulfate + water

This reaction is described as a neutralisation reaction: Explain what is meant by neutralisation reaction Bingo1. H+2. red3. litmus4. atomic number5. ion6. metal7. CO32-8. NO3-9. sulfate10. sulfuric acid11. Sodium hydroxide 12. alkali13. base14. OH-15. positive16. CH3COOH17. (NH4)2CO318. negative19. HCO3-20. Al2O3Starter - formula raceCl-O2-CO32-SO42-HCO3-OH-Li+Mg2+Zn2+Fe3+NH4+Ca2+Starter - formula raceCl-O2-CO32-SO42-HCO3-OH-Li+LiClLi2OLi2CO3Li2SO4LiHCO3LiOHMg2+MgCl2MgOMgCO3MgSO4Mg(HCO3)2MgOH2Zn2+ZnCl2ZnOZnCO3ZnSO4Zn(HCO3)2Zn(OH)2Fe3+FeCl3Fe2O3Fe2(CO3)3Fe2(SO4)3Fe(HCO3)3Fe(OH)3NH4+NH4Cl(NH4)2O(NH4)2CO3(NH4)2SO4NH4HCO3NH4OHCa2+CaCl2CaOCaCO3CaSO4Ca(HCO3)2Ca(OH)2Acids and carbonatesAcids and metalsACID + CARBONATE SALT + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDEACID + REACTIVE METAL SALT + HYDROGEN GASe.g. Hydrochloric acid + Calcium carbonate Calcium chloride + water+ carbon dioxidee.g. Sulfuric acid + Magnesium Magnesium sulfate + hydrogen NB This also occurs with BICARBONATES (Hydrogen carbonates)Acids and carbonates1. Hydrochloric acid + Calcium carbonate Calcium _____ + water + CO22. Nitric acid + Copper carbonate Copper _____ + water + CO23. Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate Sodium _____ + water + CO24. Ethanoic acid + Zinc carbonate Zinc _____ + water + CO2Acids and carbonates1. Hydrochloric acid + Calcium carbonate Calcium _____ + water + CO22. Nitric acid + Copper carbonate Copper _____ + water + CO23. Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate Sodium _____ + water + CO24. Ethanoic acid + Zinc carbonate Zinc _____ + water + CO22HCl + CaCO3 CaCl2 + H2O + CO22HNO3 + CuCO3 CuNO3 + H2O + CO2Below is an example of what? Blue is for.... Red is for...

Acid + Carbonate --

Write the colour changes when copper carbonate was heated.To Do:

Exam question in the past

Heat Copper carbonate in a test tube Heat till colour changeAdd Sulfuric Acid (up to first article)Filter Solution we will leave to evaporate so put in evaporation dish

Clean Up

Heating CarbonatesUseful carbonate reactionsBaking powder

This contains baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) and anacid (usually tartaric acid) in powder form.

When the baking powder is added to water, the baking soda andthe acid react, producing CO2 gas and making the cake rise!

Useful carbonate reactions

Fizzy tablets like Berocca

These contain an acid and a carbonate in powder form

When the tablet gets wet, the acid and carbonatereact together to form CO2 the fizzy bubblesUseful carbonate reactions

Limestone caves:

Limestone is composed ofcalcium carbonate

Caves form when acidic rainwaterdissolves the limestone, formingcracks and fissures

The limestone reappearsunderground as stalactites andstalagmitesAcid + Carbonate demoEquations from the experiments(EVERYONE NEEDS TO GET!!)

Mark using marking sheet

Once finished: Mind map of atoms and acids and bases topic

Team Quiz

Today: