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Turn in your DBQ to the front desk

•What is containment?

The Cold War Begins

1945-1952

Europe after WWII

The Cold War begins• Containment

– Foreign policy of the U.S. to "contain" Communism after WW II

– Stop communism from spreading• The domino theory – if one country

falls to Communism then others will too.

• Greece and Turkey

The Cold War begins• The Truman Doctrine – the U.S.

must rescue any government under threat from Communism.

• The Marshall Plan

–Plan to rebuild Europe

–$13 billion to restore Europe

–Sixteen nations benefit

The Berlin Crisis & Airlift

• Soviets block roads to Berlin

• U.S. and Great Britain airlift supplies

• Blockade was lifted in 1949

• City divided into East Berlin and West Berlin

A National Security State

• Collective Security• Soviet Union gets the bomb

– Deterrence• Nuclear arms race

– National Security Council – Military peacetime draft – North Atlantic Treaties Organization

(NATO)• Military alliance

– Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

The Cold War in Asia

• Chinese Civil war

–Truman “loses” China

–Communist takeover in 1949

–Mao Tse-tung created the People’s Republic of China

The Cold War in Asia

• Japan– Economy recovers quickly – Strategic importance against

Soviets– Granted independence in 1952

• U.S. naval bases

• The state of Israel

• Created in 1948

• Trumans “Fair Deal”• 21 programs to extend the New Deal

–More civil rights –Education –Health care–Increased Social Security and

minimum wage

The election of 1948

That ain’t the way I heard it!

The (second) Red Scare

• House Un-American Activities Committee

• (HUAC) • Went after the movie

industry in 1947• Truman’s Loyalty

program• Executive Order 9835

(1947)• required investigation

of every federal employee

The (second) Red Scare

• Spy cases

• The Rosenbergs

• Julius and Ethel executed in 1953

The (second) Red Scare

• Alger Hiss case Accused of having helped

transmit confidential government documents to the Russians

Tried for perjury (because the statute of limitations had run out on the espionage charge)

First trial—jury unable to reach a decision

Second trial—convicted (under a cloud of controversy) & sentenced to 5 years in prison Richard Nixon

The (second) Red Scare

• McCarthyism• Senator Joseph

McCarthy• Played upon fears of

Communism• Army-McCarthy

hearings in 1954

The Korean War

The Korean War

• Korea divided at the 38th parallel

• North Korea• Kim IL Sung

– Communist• South Korea

– Synghman Rhee

The Korean War

• North Korea invades the South in 1950

• UN sends in forces• Drives the North

back• China helps the

North Koreans

Ike

• Dwight D. Eisenhower

• Elected in 1952– Richard Nixon is

VP• Ends the Korean

War• Korean armistice

The Korean War

• North Korea invades the South in 1950

• UN sends in forces

• write an essay taking a “side” on the issue of containment.

• work to answer the following prompt: –To what extent was the policy of

Containment an effective way to combat the spread of Communism during the post-WWII era? Your essay should include a strong thesis.