DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 052 576 EC 032 744

TITLE Report on Special Education for the Education andRehabilitation of the Handicapped.

INSTITUTION Ministry of Education, Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) .PUB DATE 70NOTE 52p.

EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29DESCRIPTORS *Educational Programs, *Exceptional Child Education,

Foreign Countries, *Handicapped Children, NationalPrograms, *Services, Statistical Data

IDENTIFIERS *Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACTWritten in English and Arabic, the document

summarizes educational and rehabilLtation services provided forhandicapped children in Saudi Arabia by that country's Department ofSpecial Education. Tables present statistical data on types ofeducation and the numbers of institutes, classes, and studentsinvolved in each; student enrollment and staff figures for girlseducation; and similar figures for special education institutes. Thetext describes the disability groups attended to by the specialeducation program (blind, mentally retarded, physically disabled,deaf), social services for this population, and medical care underthe administration of the Department of Special Education. SpecialEducation planned projects within the Ministry of Education's 5-yearplan (starting in 1970-71) are listed. Many of the photographsillustrating the text are of activities at the Al-Amal Institute forthe deaf. (KW)

EC032744

itD,

14-$eNJ THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIAU)coc=, MINISTRY of EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

REPORT

on

SPECIAL EDUCATION

for theEDUCATION AND REHABILITATION

OF THE HANDICAPPED

1390 H. 1970 A. D.

EC032744kl)N-,

LC1C THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIAw

MINISTRY of EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

REPORT

or

SPECIAL EDUCATION

for theEDUCATION AND REHABILITATION

OF THE HANDICAPPED

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATEA& WELFARE

OFFICE OF EDUCATIONTHIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCEDEXACTLY AS RECEIVE.° FROM THE PERSON ORORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OFVIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECES-SARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU-CATION POSITION OR POLICY.

1390 A. H. 1970 A. D.

2

IN THE NAME OF GOD THE COMPASSIONATEAND ALL MERCIFUL

INTRODUCTION

The great renaissance in which the Saudi Arabian Kir.gdom is passing

has expanded to all fields of Knowledge in all its aspects and has reached

all sectors of the people. Schools at all stages of education are spreading

in all parts of the Kingdom and colleges are graduating; yearly a largenumber of students who fill to a large extent the country's need for spe-cialists.

The credit goes all to His Majesty King Faisal's plan for pro-gress and prosperity in all fields and, in particular, in the fields ofeducation which has received all of His Majesty's attention and concern.

Thanks to the efforts of all officials at the Ministry of Education,and His Excellency the Minister at their head, education has spread to all

sectors of the population, and we hope that next table will explain thegiant step achieved by the Ministry of Education in the last semi years.

3

TA

BL

E 1

Aca

d-L

mic

Yea

rE

lem

enta

ry E

duca

tion

Inte

rmed

iary

Edu

catio

nSe

cond

ary

Edu

catio

n

1383

/84

A.H

. ( 1

963/

64 A

.D. )

Cla

sses

Stud

ents

Cla

sses

stud

ents

Cla

sses

Stud

ents

6668

1567

8038

111

555

115

3286

1389

/90

A.H

. ( '

969/

70 A

.D. )

1097

226

7529

1356

3802

831

682

43

TABLE II

TYPES OF EDUCATION UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCA-

TION, THE NUMBER OF CLASSES AND THE NUMBER OFSTUDENTS ACCORDING TO THE FIGURES OF THE ACADE-

MIC YEAR 1389/90 A.H.

( 89/1390 H.) ( 1969/70A.D. )

Number of

Types of Education Institutes

Number of

Classes

Number of

Students

New T.T.I.Elementary 9 104 3131

Centers for Complementary Studies 2 30 913

Physical Education 1 6 130

Technical Education 1 6 146

Industrial Education 4 27 694

Commercial Education 1 1 18

Agricultural Education 1 5 128

Night Schools 28 190 6258

Adult Education Schools 592 1574 40726

Sharia ( Islamic Jurisprudence )

and Education Colleges 2 728

TABLE III

SCHOOLS, CLASSES AND STUDENTS UNDER THE GENE-RAL PRESIDENCY OF GIRLS EDUCATION FOR THE ACA-DEMIC YEAR 1389/90 A.H ( 1969/70 A.D. )

Number of Number of Number ofStage of Education Schools Classes Students

Elementary Education 347 3329 114775

Intermediary Education 13 140 4525

Secondary Education 2 15 438

Intermediary TeachersColleges 26 17g 5480

Secondary Teachers Colleges 5 8 221

Technical Institutes 4 25 791

TABLE IV

PRIVATE EDUCATION SCHOOLS UNDER THE SUPERVI-SION OF THE GENERAL PRESIDENCY OF GIRLS EDUCA-TION

StageNumber of

SchoolsNumber of

ClassesNo. of Girl

Students

Kindergarten 32 126 2655

Elementary Education 30 184 4476

Intermediary Education 8 26 644

Secondary Education 3 25 956

This blessed educational renaissance has expanded to coverthat special group of citizens for whom God has chosen to lose one oftheir senses or limbs. The Administration of special Education was crea-

ted by the Ministry of Education to look after, guide, educate, and reha-

bilitate handicapped people.

6

TA

BL

E V

NU

MB

ER

OF IN

STIT

UT

ES, ST

UD

EN

TS, T

EA

CH

ER

S AN

D A

DM

INIST

RA

TO

RS A

FFILIA

TE

DW

ITH

SPEC

IAL

ED

UC

AT

ION

Nam

e of InstituteE

stablishment

Date ofE

lementary

hu.2N

o. cf StudentsN

o. of Officials '5

Intermediate Secondary V

ocational Teachers A

dministrators

Al N

our ( light InstitutesA

.H. A

.D.

of Riyadh)

13801960

6448

21189

6514

Al N

our Institutes of holyM

ecca1382

196232

569

318

Al N

our Institutes of Onaiza

13821962

2112

9623

7

Al N

our Institutes of Hafouf

13831963

5910

13125

4A

l Am

al ( hope) Institutes forT

he deaf1384

1964192

4016

36

Al N

our Institutes for blindG

irls1384

196427

721

297

Al N

our Institutes of Madina

13871967

2132

166

Al N

our Institutes of Katif

13871967

2687

166

Al N

our Institutes of Brida

13881968

651

117

Total

44882

21676

25675

36

_

SPECIAL EDUCATION

Significance & Objectives

Special Education in the organ which is in charge of all groups ofhandicapped people in the Saudi Arabian Kingdom. It is affiliated with the

Ministry of Education and, to the furthest possible extent, implementsthe Ministry's programs after adjusting them to what suits the people it

deals with; it furnishes books and pamphlets to each group and super-vises the development and progress of institutes under the auspices ofSpecial Education; it provides these institutes with the equipment, tech-

nicians and teachers they need; it prepares the necessary reports andmodern instructions which enable teachers to adopt the most efficientmethods of teaching handicapped people; it prepares special programsto avail the handicapped with the opportunity of an all-round growthsensuously, emotionally, mentally and socially, and to train them in the

propre way which suits their capacities and enables them to interactpositively with their community. Finally, it gives special attention to

social and sanitary care.

GROUPS ATTENDED TO BY SPECIAL EDUCATION

I - The Blind

This is a group of citizens who have been deprived of the eyesightgift. The care accorded to them moves in two directions:

1. Academic Shooling which is open to all students between the age

of six and eighteen. Teaching in these schools follows the same curricu-

lum implemented by the Saudi Minstry of Education. Text-books areprinted by the Braille method at the Braille printing press located at the

Nour Institute from the elementary stage ( six years ) to the intermediary

stage ( three years ) to the secondary stage ( three years ). Students re-

8

ceive at the end of each term the same degree received by their collea-

gues who have normal eyesight . It is worth mentioning here that thefirst batch of nine students graduated this year from the General Secon-

dary School the arts and sciences division.

2. Vocational Training and Rehabilitation which is open to old stu-

dents who have passed the school age. Teaching in these schools follows

a special program put out by the Ministry of Education. The period ofschooling is six years during which students are given courses in reading,

writing and general knowledge aimed at assimilating them in the commu-

nity. They are also trained on classical industries handled by the blindsuch as bamboo work, furn;ture making and weaving. There is also aspecial carpentry section to supply these industries with the equipmentand material they need. Monthly allowances ranging from 120 to 150Saudi rials are given to students in Al-Nour Institute to enable them meet

their need. Schooling in these Institutes is during the day.

H - The mentally retarded

This is a group of citizens whose mental capacity does not permitthem to catch up with the curricula of the Saudi Ministry of Education.

Since adequate resources, mainly the shortage of experts and technicians,

are not available in the kingdom to open institutes for this group of citi-

zens to neighboring Arab countries which have the necessary resourcesand facilities. The five -year plan ( 1390/1395 A.H 1970/1975 A.D.) has

set up as a goal for the first year the opening of two institutes to accomo-

date one hundred persons, fifty males and fifty females. It is worth men-

tioning here that Special Education has so far sent 40 mentallyretarded and physically disabled or crippled students to study inneighboring Arab states.

III - The physically disabled

This is a group of citizens who suffer from earning a living in a de-

cent way or adjusting themselves to their society. The problem of this

9

group is under consideration by specialists at the Ministry of Education.

We hope soon to have a definite plan to help this group.

IV - The deaf

In the year 1384 A.H ( 1964 A.D. ) Al-Amal ( hope ) Institute for the

deaf was open in the city of Riyadh to look after deaf people, secure ne-

cessary services for them, educate them and prepare them for the future.

The Institute is divided into two sections, one for males and the other for

females.

Work at the Institute of Al-Amal is governed by a special law which

distributes duties, defines responsibilities and guides the employees each

in the limits of this duties and sphere of specialization.

Herebelow are experts this law:

Whenever there is need and resources are available, Al-Amal Insti-tutes for deaf children shall be established for males and females each sex

separately. These Institutes shall receive profoundly deaf or partiallyhearing children of Saudi nationality, as well as Arab citizens who need

this kind of education provided their proportion to Saudis does notexceed ten percent.

Studies in these institutes are conducted according to teaching plans

and programs that suit the capacities of these students and, in essence,are in line with corresponding programs of General Education at the Mi-

nistry of Education.At the end of each educational stage, the passing student is awarded

a degree equal to the corresponding degree under General Education.

Tuition and board in these institutes are free of charge, and students

are given free medical care, school supplies, food and clothing. Students

are also given monthly allowances, and those who are not totally deafare supplied with adequate hearing-aid devices.

Students are admitted to these institutes according to the following

conditions:

1. The student must pass the special medical exam organized by the

Ministry of Education for this purpose.

10

Yt

2. His T Q must not be less than 70%.

3. The students age must not be less than four years or overtwelve years.

The administrative staff of each institute shall consist of: a director,a deputy, one supervisor or more, a secretary, a librarian and a socialexpert. There shall be appointed for each institute a number of teachersat the average of two teachers per class, provided each teacher must have

at least a teachers college degree and, preferably, some experience in tea-

ching deaf dumb people

There shall be formed in each institute a number of school commit-tees needed to carry at the educational process Among others, thereshall be:

1. A teachers' Council, headed by the director, which shall be i n

charge of educational and organizational matters.

2. The Committe of Discipline and Order consisting of thedirector or any one he appoints, as Chairman, the social expert, the su-pervisor and two teachers, as members. This committee shall look intomajor offenses.

All students in Al-Amal (hope) institutes must be boarders and noone is allowed to live outside the school except in exceptional cases. Each

boarding should have supervisors and a number of family deans.

The students are divided into families consisting each of seven toten persons of corresponding ages. Each family shall have a dean ( manor woman ) with minimum qualification of an intermediary degree and,

at least, two years of experience. He ( or she ) is supposed to act as thechildren's father ( or mother) looking after their affairs and supervisingall their activities from all aspects, including the nourishment of theirpsychological needs, training them on sound social behaviour andteaching them how to take care of themselves and organize their lives.

Schooling in these institutes go according to the following stages:

1. The preparatory Stage which lasts for two years and accepts children

( boys and girls ) between the age of four and six. Children in this stage

11

are placed in the charge of women teachers who must have a high level

of competence and experience. The children are given preliminary courses

in speaking, reading, writting, counting and drawing in accordance with

their capacities. They are also trained to acquire good habits that areconsistent with the principles of Islam and human social values.

2. The Elementary Stage which accepts children between the age of

seven and twelve. The term of this stage is six years, and the children are

placed in the charge of morally and professionally competent teachers.

3. Intermediary Education which is divided into two sections:

a. Vocational Intermediary where students are taught drawing, printing

and tailoring.

b. Academic Intermediary.

4. Secondary Education.

Tcaching of deaf people have made wide strides in the last six years.

From 50 students in 1385 AH. (1965 A.D) the number has jumped to 192

for this year. Following is a table showing this development.

TABLE VI

Number of students, teachers and classes at the institute bf Al- Amal

for the deaf in Riyadh between 1385 A.H ( 1965 A.D) and 1390A,H. ( 1970 A.D. )

YearNumber of

Students

Number ofTeachers

Number ofClasses

1385/86 A.H

1965/66 A.D 50 11 8

1386/87 A.H1966/67 A.D 96 22 11

1387/88 A.H1967/68 A.D 119 30 15

1388/89 A.H1968/69 A.D 156 32 17

1389/90 A.H1969/70 A.D 192 40 22

12

14-

SOCIAL CARE

The administration of Special Education has accorded great impor-

tance to social care out of its conviction that handicapped people arenot as much in need of education and culture as they are in need ofsome one who would restore self-confidence to them, open for themthe door of hope and channel their dormant capacities in the directionwhich will benefit them, chase away their fears and make them integrate

in normal life with a confident spirit defying all their handicaps.For this purpose, a specialist has been appointed for each institute

to serve as a liaison between the school, the home and the local communi-

ty, to help in solving many problems and to guide the handicapped in the

right direction which will enable them to open their hearts to society and

rely on themselves. By Special Education, social specialists are concerned

about spreading awareness among citizens, particularly among those who

have relations with handicapped people. For this purpose, parent meetings

are organized or individual contacts are made with parents to acquaintthem with methods of understanding the mentality of their handicappedchildren of all groups and with the right method of treating them. These

meetings or contacts are also used to review problems connected with han-

dicapped children. Furthermore, educational meetings and social parties

are organized to introduce joy into the students' souls, get them used to

cooperation, discover and polish their talents and satisfy their desires.

Eleven social specialists, including two women, are now serving inthe various institutes of Special Education.

13

MEDICAL CARE

The administration of Special Education has established a clinic ineach institute under the supervision of a man or woman muse who canalways get ask the unit doctor to visit the institute and i/nspect the stud-

ents' health and a medical file has been prepared for each student andkept at the clinic of the institute. Medical treatmen: and medicine isgiven to student free of charge. A resident doctor was appointed this ,

year for Al-Nour Institute in Riyadh, and he makes gaily calls on all other

Special Education institutes in the capital as well as periodical calls on

other institutes in order to enforce the programs o'r Special Education.

In accordance with the policy adopted by ow; prudent government,

under the leadership of His Majesty King Faisal, ";.)ased on planning and

statistics, the Ministry of Education has submitted a five -year plan star-

ting with the year 1390/91 A.H. ( 1970/71 A.D.) .

In the framework of this plan, Special Education presented its bud-get projects for the next five years which included, among other things,

the following:

I - For the fiscal year 1390/91 A.H ( 1970/71 A.D) :

1. The opening of a mental education institute consisting of twodivisions, one for boys accomodating 50 students and one for girls ac-comodating the same number. The institute shall be located in Riyadh and

it is expected to accomodate 340 boys and girls by the end of the five-year

plan (1394/95 A.H.) . 1974 1975

2. The opening of a vocational training division in Riyadh for deaf

boys who passed the school age, It will consist of :

a. A tailoring section .b. A shoe-making section .

c. A carpentry section .

d. A book-binding section.

e. A modern upholstery section.

14

It is decided to start this division with 72 students and up with 164

students by the end of the five-year plan.

II - For the fiscal year 1391/92 A.H ( 1971/72 A.D) :

1. The opening of a training session for teachers of mental educa-tion accomodating 120 men and women teachers.

2. The opening of a project to employ blind students graduating from

vocational sections in Al-Nour institute. Those who will benefit fromthis project are estimated to reach 400 persons by the end of the five-year

plan.

III - For the fiscal year 1392/93 A.H ( 1972/73 A.D) :

1. The opening of a talking book library which will offer most valuable

services to the blind.

2. The opening of an intermediary vocational institute for deafstudents graduating with an elementary degree from the Instituteof Al - Amal for the deaf in Riyadh. It will consist of two sections:

a. Drawing. b. Printing.

It is worth mentioning at the end that the total cost of project in-cluded in the five-year plan amounts to 113 million Saudi rials, and the

number of students by the end of the five-year plan is expected to reach

1795 boys and girls in all academic classes and 1256 boys and girls invocational sections.

.15

PRINTING DIVISION

The Ministry of Education has set up modern printing press using

the Braille method for printing text-books in all courses in addition toeducational books in English and Arabic. This printing press is fully equip-

ped with the most modern machines and has a large production capa-

city. It is run by a special staff of employees and workers who carry out

the operation in an organized and efficient manner.

This year we imported the most modern automatic printing press

for Braille printing.

16

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